Relational Database Management System- 22CTU08

SRI KRISHNA ARTS AND SCIENCE COLLEGE

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY AND
DATA SCIENCE

Academic Year 2023-24

Faculty Handling
G. Sumalatha
Assistant Professor
Department of computer Technology
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SRI KRISHNA ARTS AND SCIENCE COLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY AND
DATA SCIENCE

COURSE NAME : Relational Database Management System

COURSE CODE : 22CTU08
CLASS ROOM CODE : vcpp3ll

UNIT 5 – Introducing Stored Procedure and Functions

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• AGENDA

• Creating stored Procedures and functions

• Procedures and functions

• D/B anonymous blocks and subprograms

• Passing a parameters to functions

• Invoking the functions with parameters

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Procedures and functions

TOPIC LINK
Procedures https://youtu.be/buaSuEMi4lw

Functions https://youtu.be/6OJIrPx61mU

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Objectives

• After completing this lesson, you should be able to do the

following:
• Differentiate between anonymous blocks and
subprograms
• Create a simple procedure and invoke it from an
anonymous block
• Create a simple function
• Create a simple function that accepts a parameter
• Differentiate between procedures and functions

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Procedures and functions

• Are named PL/SQL blocks

• Are called PL/SQL subprograms
• Have block structures similar to anonymous
blocks:
• Optional declarative section
• (without the DECLARE keyword)
• Mandatory executable section
• Optional section to handle exceptions

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Difference b/w anonymous blocks and subprograms

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Procedure - syntax

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Procedure - example
...
CREATE TABLE dept AS SELECT * FROM
departments;
CREATE PROCEDURE add_dept IS
v_dept_id dept.department_id%TYPE;
v_dept_name dept.department_name%TYPE;
BEGIN
v_dept_id:=280;
v_dept_name:='ST-Curriculum';
INSERT INTO
dept(department_id,department_name)
VALUES(v_dept_id,v_dept_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(' Inserted '||
SQL%ROWCOUNT ||' row ');
END;
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Procedure example continued

The source of the procedure is stored in the user_source table.

You can check the source for the procedure by issuing the following command

SELECT * FROM user_source WHERE name='ADD_DEPT';

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Invoking the procedures

• The following shows how to invoke a procedure from

an anonymous block.
• You have to include the call to the procedure in the
executable section of the anonymous block.
• Similarly, you can invoke the procedure from any
application, such as a Forms application, a Java
application, and so on.
• The SELECT statement in the code checks to see
whether the row was successfully inserted.
• You can also invoke a procedure with the SQL
statement CALL <procedure_name>.

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Invoking the procedures

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Function - syntax

The argument list is optional in the function declaration.

The difference between a procedure and a function is
that a function must return a value to the calling program.
Therefore, the syntax contains return_type, which
specifies the data type of the value that the function
returns.
A procedure may return a value via an OUT or IN OUT
parameter.

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Function - syntax

The following Example shows how to declare the

functions in Oracle

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Function - syntax

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Invoking the functions

.
1. You include the call to the function in the
executable section of the anonymous block.
The function is invoked as a part of a statement.
Remember that the check_sal function returns
Boolean or NULL.
2. Thus the call to the function is included as the
conditional expression for the IF block.

3. Note: You can use the DESCRIBE command to

check the arguments and return type of the
function, as in the following example:
4. DESCRIBE check_sal;

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Invoking the functions

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Passing a parameters to functions

• Remember that the function was hard-coded to
check the salary of the employee with the
employee ID 205.
• The code shown in the slide removes that
constraint because it is rewritten to accept the
employee number as a parameter.
• You can now pass different employee numbers and
check for the employee’s salary.
• You learn more about functions in the course titled
Oracle Database 11g: Develop PL/SQL Program
Units.
• The output of the code example in the slide is as
follows:

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Passing a parameters to a function

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SUMMARY

• Creating stored Procedures and functions

• Procedures and functions

• D/B anonymous blocks and subprograms

• Passing a parameters to functions

• Invoking the functions with parameters

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KEYWORDS

• Procedures

• Functions

• D/B Anonymous Blocks

• Subprograms

• Passing A Parameters

• Invoking The Functions

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MCQ

1. Which is a database object that groups logically related PL/SQL

types, objects and subprograms? *

A) Package
B) Module
C) Body
D) Name

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MCQ

2. To call a subprogram directly, users must have the EXECUTE privilege on

that subprogram. By granting the privilege, you allow a user to

A) Call the subprogram directly

B) Compile functions and procedures that call the subprogram
C) Both A & B

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MCQ

3. In which mode parameter lets you pass values to the subprogram being
called? It cannot be assigned a value.

A) Using the IN mode

B) Using the OUT mode
C) Both A & B

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MCQ

4. In which subprogram a RETURN statement does not return a value and so

cannot contain an expression?

A) In Procedures
B)In Functions
C) Both A & B

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MCQ

5. Which of he following is used to input the entry and give the result in a
variable in a procedure ?

A)Put and get

B)Get and put
C)Out and In
D) In and out

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Topic for next hour

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