Date: 06/04/2019

Mechanically Driven Floor Cleaning Machine

Rizwan Sheikh, Ayush Agrawal, Bipendra Singh, Himanshu Turkar, Kshitiz Sharma

Rizwan Sheikh, Assoc. Professor, IPS Academy, Institute of Engg. & Science [email protected]
Ayush Agrawal, Student, IPS Academy, Institute of Engg. & Science [email protected]
Bipendra Singh, Student, IPS Academy, Institute of Engg. & Science [email protected]
Himanshu Turkar, Student, IPS Academy, Institute of Engg. & Science [email protected]
Kshitiz Sharma, Student, IPS Academy, Institute of Engg. & Science [email protected]

ABSTRACT followed by sprinkling of water and passing of

mope.
The goal is to build a floor cleaning machine
which is operated without any external power This machine is capable of clean wet as well as
source. Cleaning is quite important for our health dry floor surfaces with coverage of corners
and nowadays the awareness towards cleanliness effectively.
has been increased in India under the ‘Swachh
The machine is basically a tricycle having two
Bharat Abhiyan’. In developing countries like front wheels and a rear wheel. Therefore, it is self-
India, this type of fuel independent machine can balanced and stable. The turning and handling of
be significantly helpful specially in mobile areas the vehicle is also convenient. All the other
which require cleaning very badly. This machine mechanical aspects related to mobility are also
makes it simple and convenient as well as reduces fulfilled. There are two types of power drives used
the effort required for it. The machine is user- in the machine, i.e., chain drive and gear drive.
friendly and easy to maintain. Since it does not The first one is placed between front axle and
consume fuel and release smoke gases, so it is intermediate link of the frame and the second one
also environment-friendly. The construction is is placed between link and sweeper shaft.
simple and strong which provide durability and
reliability. The overall cost of this machine is also
LITERATURE REVIEW
low. Any person of any age can operate it easily.
1. EARLY SYSTEM
INTRODUCTION
From the starting of human civilization, cleaning
This floor cleaning machine is operated with the has been done manually which used to require a
help of mechanical energy generated from lot of human resources in it.
pedaling action. The cleaning is done by two Water is used for cleaning from the beginning as it
processes which are sweeping and moping and are is the natural way of removing dust. The first
done simultaneously. proper way found was cleaning from cloth.
In this machine, sweeping is done at the front side Different hand operated tools were made by
while moping is done at the rear. Both sweeper connecting wooden sticks, grills and many other
and mope are detachable, so their cleaning and components.
replacement are easy. Later on, broom was used which was made with
The cleaning action is done by the removal of dust narrow sticks from different trees.
and garbage by the rotation of sweeper roller
which then gets collected in garbage duct

Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3372276

In this way, cleaning has been undergone various In India, unemployment is at its peak but the
transformations and modifications but the opportunities are limited and hence it is necessary
important point is that the methods are manual. to develop more human oriented cleaning
machine. Hence, the present work is aimed
2. EXISTING SYSTEM towards designing, development and evaluation of
a human oriented floor cleaning machine.
According to the current scenario, the most
preferred device for cleaning purpose is a vacuum 3. PROPOSED SYSTEM
cleaner. According to V.Rewatkar et al [1] in
1868, the first vacuum cleaner ‘whirlwind’ was Presently working conventional floor cleaning
invented by Ives W. McGuffey in Chicago. In late machines requires electrical energy for its mode of
1990s & early 2000s many different companies operation. Hence cleaning of floor is very difficult
came into the market in order to develop robotic to achieve without electricity. Hence our project,
vacuum cleaners. But again the only problem with i.e., MECHANICALLY DRIVEN FLOOR
these cleaning devices is that the consumption of CLEANING MACHINE is an alternative for
electricity for operating them. conventional floor cleaning machines.

In recent dealing projects, M. Ranjit Kumar et al With the advancement in technology, we are
[2] carried out a technical analysis on a manually dealing with a combination of two processes:
operated floor cleaning machine, which is simply
 Sweeping (collection of large dust
a bicycle working on the same concept up to some
particles and garbage)
extent. But this project lacks in the efficiency with
 Moping (polishing & wet cleaning of
a high margin of error.
floor).
Besides the fact that it was not so efficient, it deals
“WITHOUT USE OF ANY ELECTRICAL
with the problem that women could not operate it
EQUIPMENT”
as easily as men.
This machine is going to be develop in order to
Effective cleaning and sanitizing play an
achieve a major list of objectives such as :
important role in protecting the health of the
human beings. We all know that cleaning and  Simultaneous dry and wet cleaning in a
sanitizing prevent the pest formations by lowering single run
the residues that attracts flies, pests, etc.  Cost effectiveness
Recent trends show that most of the people are  Reduction of maintenance cost of human
convenient to use trains or buses as local means of operated floor cleaning machine.
transportation and hence the places associated
In our project, the total consideration has been
with them must be cleaned properly and
taken in the complete & proper cleaning process
effectively. Hence, it is mandatory to provide
(dry & wet cleaning) which will make it more
regular basis of cleaning for the bus stands and
taken on the ease of operating the machine, so that
railways stations.
men, women or even a child can operate this
According to current scenario of our country machine more easily and conveniently.
especially in backward areas there is no single
cleaning method with and also the equipment
should be user friendly.

Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3372276

CONSTRUCTION

Cylindrical brush Front wheel axle

Material Nylon
Material Mild Steel
Length 30”
Length 36”
Outer Diameter 12”
Diameter 1.5”
Inner Diameter 1.5”

Wheel Square Pipe

Material Mild Steel

Length 20 feet
Thickness 15 mm

Material Synthetic Rubber

Diameter 24”
No. of Tires 3

Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3372276

 SPROCKET MOPE

Material Polyester
Shape Rectangular
Size 30”×18”
Material Cast Iron
Diameter 9.9’’
No. of Sprockets 4

GEARS GARBAGE DUCT

Material Tin

Material Mild Steel Shape Triangular Prism

Type Spur Length 30’’

No. of Gears 2

Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3372276

MODELLING

The CAD Model of the machine is made in SOLIDWORKS software.

Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3372276

WORKING TF = No. of teeth in sprocket compounded with
gear.
Process starts with the paddling action of the
operator due to which mechanical energy is TG = No. of teeth in gear.
generated at sprocket which is transferred to rear TGP = No. of teeth in pinion.
wheel with the help of chain drive. The drive NP= Speed at pedal in RPM.
contains sprockets having variation in diameter NFW = NRW = = Speed at rear and front wheel in
and number of teeth in order to provide a range of RPM.
speed for the sweeper. NG = NF = Speed at gear & sprocket axle in RPM.
NGP= Speed at sweeper axle in RPM.
The drive causes rotation of rear wheel and due to
friction, front wheels also rotate with same rpm. A FORMULAE :-
sprocket is placed on front axle which is
connected to another one having shaft connected 1) Sprocket Ratio
to the frame. This sprocket is in compound i) [TRW/ TP] = [NP/ NRW]
gearing with a spur gear and the spur gear is in ii) [TF / TFW] = [NFW / NF]
mesh with a pinion having shaft also connected to 2) Gear Ratio
the frame. This pinion makes the sweeper rotate [TGP / TG] = [NG/ NGP]
because both have same shaft. 3) Module of Gear
m = D/T
Then, the rotation of sweeper removes the dust
Here, D = Diameter of Gear
and garbage from the floor and travel forward
T = No. of teeth of Gear
where garbage duct collects them.
The machine travels on a tricycle having two front Assuming the lowest speed generated at pedal
wheels attached to front axle and a rear wheel. A (NP) = 10 rpm
handle is provided to operate the tricycle.
Now, water is spread on the swept floor by the TP = 44
sprinkler which is collected in a container and the TRW = 18
sprinkler is connected to the container. Sprinkler Using Sprocket Ratio
system is supported by two vertical links near the [TRW/ TP] = [NP/ NRW]
rear axle. NFW = NRW = 24.44 ≈ 25 rpm
Lastly, the mope drags the water sprinkled floor
Since,
which provides the finishing to our cleaning. The
TFW = 48
length of mope is same as that of sweeper because
TF = 16
sweeping and moping have to be done
Using Sprocket Ratio
simultaneously. Moping also manages to clean the
[TF / TFW] = [NFW / NF]
remaining dust after sweeping.
NG = NF = 75 rpm
CALCULATION
Using Gears of module 2mm.
Calculations for lowest speed on the sweeper axle TG = 60
TGP = 24
TERMS :-

TP = No. of teeth in sprocket at pedal. Diameter of Gear (DG) = m × TG

TRW = No. of teeth in sprocket at rear wheel. = 120 mm
TFW = No. of teeth in sprocket at front wheel. Diameter of Pinion (DGP) = m × TGP

Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3372276

 = 48 mm
4. Novateur publications international journal
Using Gear Ratio of innovations in engineering research and
[TGP / TG] = [NG/ NGP] technology (IJERT) issn: 2394-3696
NGP = 187.5 ≈ 188 rpm. volume 4, issue 3, mar.-2017.

5. S.S.Rattan, Theory of machines, fourth

APPLICATIONS
edition, McGraw-Hill publication.
 Public places such as hospitals, airports,
railway stations, bus stops, etc. 6. V. B. Bhandari, Design of Machine
 Commercial places like shops, malls, Elements, third edition, McGraw-Hill
multiplexes, etc. publication.
 Domestic places like flats, bungalows, etc.
7. Design and Development of floor cleaning
machine, International Journal of Advance
RESULT AND CONCLUSION
Engineering and Research Development.
Hence we successfully developed a floor cleaning
machine driven mechanically simply by pedaling 8. G. K. Narula, V.K. Narula, Material
action. Science, McGraw-Hill publication.
It can clean 30’’ floor width in each round.
The frequent speed at front axle is around 10 rpm
and the speed obtained at the sweeper shaft is
around 188 rpm.

REFERENCES

1. V. Rewatkar & S.T. Badge, A review of

design of automated floor cleaning system,
International journal on recent &
innovation trends in computing &
communication, Vol.3 Issue Feb. 2015.

2. M. Ranjit Kumar, Mechanical Engineer

and N. Kapilan, Professor, Mechanical
Engineering, Design and Analysis of
Manually Operated Floor Cleaning
Machine, International Journal of
Engineering Research and Technology
(IJERT), Vol. 4 Issue 04, April 2015.

3. Mahadevan & Reddy, Design data

handbook, CBS Publication and
Distributor, calculation of chain-sprocket
and Bevel gears, page no. 201 & 289.

Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3372276