The document discusses different teaching approaches and techniques including demonstration method, cooperative learning, hands-on learning, instructional modules, project method, and use of resource persons and field trips. It provides details on the definition, characteristics, steps, advantages and disadvantages of each approach.
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Lecture 6
The document discusses different teaching approaches and techniques including demonstration method, cooperative learning, hands-on learning, instructional modules, project method, and use of resource persons and field trips. It provides details on the definition, characteristics, steps, advantages and disadvantages of each approach.
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the basis upon which skills in democratic
Approaches, Methods and procedures and collaboration are developed.
Techniques in Teaching EPP This approach evolved strategies and Types of Approaches, Methods and Techniques procedures that can help small groups solve their own problems and acquire information through Demonstration Method – is a direct form of collective effort. The learning environment is teaching. Its known as the “show and tell” characterized by strong motivation and smooth technique. The teacher just demonstrates and interpersonal interactions. explains how something is done to the students. For an effective demonstration, the teacher must emphasize and clarify the process’s dos and don’ts. Two Types of Demonstration 1. Demonstration of a Product 2. Demonstration of a Process It is expected that after the teacher demonstration of a process, the students are given The 5 Basic Learning Elements the opportunity to demonstrate the process or the Positive Independence – students feel responsible skill themselves. However, students should not be for their own and the group’s effort. expected to demonstrate the process or the skill immediately on their own after the teacher has Face-to-Face Interaction – students encourage and shown it. This has to be done gradually. support one another; the environment encourages discussion and eye contact. The Demonstration Steps Individual and Group Accountability – each a. Teacher Demonstrates – “Watch me and Listen student is responsible for doing their part; the to me”. group is accountable for meeting its goal. b. Student demonstrates with scaffolding from Group Behaviors – group members gain direct teacher – “Let’s do it together”. instruction in the interpersonal, social, and c. When student can do the process by collaborative skills needed to work with other himself/herself, student demonstrates the skill or occurs. process. – “Do it as I watch”. Group Processing – group members analyze their d. Teacher gives more opportunity for practice for own and the group’s ability to work together. skill mastery. Project Method – This is strategy where learners e. Teacher assesses to determine skill mastery by acquire knowledge through planning and all students. execution of practical projects.
Hands-On Learning – more formally known as Types of Project Method
experiential learning education. It reflects a According to Kilpatrick-Kaun (2014) teaching philosophy that promotes learning by Project can be classified into: doing. The strategy allows children to practice guided tactile learning in which they absorb Constructive Project knowledge not by listening, but by experiencing. Aesthetic/Artistic Project Cooperative Learning – makes use of a classroom Problem-Solving Project organization where students work in groups or teams to help each other learn. Concepts from Group Work Project small group theory and group dynamics serve as Project Method – 5 Steps Project Selection To be motivated and persistent, independence, self-discipline, self-confident and Planning goal oriented. Execution Instructional Modules Disadvantages Evaluation Learners can easily be distracted by their Reporting own needs, assumptions, values and misperceptions. Instructional Modules May lead to further procrastination. Modular Teaching is one of the most widespread and recognize learning techniques. An Is not a suitable method of instruction for Instructional Module is a self-contained and self- all learners as who prefer social interaction, and sufficient unit of instruction for the learners to group work. achieve a set of objectives. Promotes dishonesty. Instructional Modules Characteristics Utilization of Resource Person and Community Independent Materials
Self-Contained Resource person are experts who
contribute information and opinions to Self-Instructional participants in a learning situation. Clearly Defined Objectives In a school settings, a resource person is Utilization of Variety of Media someone either inside the school system or retained by the school system to provide Active Participation of Learner additional material, information, in service Instructional Module Components training, answer to problem teachers may have, encouragement. Title Field Trips, Home Visits, and Community Works Introduction Field trips are recognized as important Overview moments in learning a shared social experience Instruction of the Users that provides the opportunity for students to encounter and explore novel things in an authentic Pre-Test setting. Objectives It is important to recognize that learning Learning Activities outcomes from field trips can range from cognitive to affective outcomes. Formative Test Summative Evaluation Instructional Modules Advantages Allows students to be more effective learners. It helps the learner develop a sense of responsibility. It can encourage students to develop their own rules and leadership patterns.