MARKING GUIDELINE

NATIONAL CERTIFICATE

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION N4

22 NOVEMBER 2019

This marking guideline consists of 12 pages.

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PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

MARKING GUIDELINES FOR EXAMINERS/MARKERS

1. Examiners are reminded that the subject Public Administration lends itself to
broad interpretations and therefore broad ranges of answers.

2. The memorandum serves as a guideline to examiners/markers and is not

intended to be absolute or prescriptive.

3. The answers provided in this memorandum are therefore NOT exhaustive

and examiners/markers are requested to use their discretion when marking.
Answers provided by students should also be assessed within the context of
their life experiences.

4. Content should be marked, and not grammar.

SECTION A

QUESTION 1

1.1 True
1.2 True
1.3 True
1.4 False
1.5 True
1.6 False
1.7 True
1.8 False
1.9 False
1.10 False
(10 × 2) [20]

QUESTION 2

2.1  Population
 Individuals
 Interest and pressure groups
 Legislative institutions
 Political executive institutions
 Cabinet secretariat
 Central directive, research and co-ordinating institutions
 Commission of enquiry
 International institutions
 Officials
 Newspapers and media
 Other states: International influences (Any 4 × 1) (4)

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PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

2.2  A particular territory

 Independent from any other state
 People are part of a community
 Permanent rules in the form of a constitution
 Public institution to ensure law and order
 Government is chosen by the people of the country to rule them
(Any 4 × 2) (8)

2.3 2.3.1  Administration carried out within government institutions

 Is a specific activity where something must be done
 Is a system of structures and processes
 Takes place within a society
 Aim is to make proper laws and regulations for the society
 Puts laws and regulations into place and applies it to the society
(Any 2 × 2) (4)

2.3.2  Comes from the Greek words demos, which means people, and
kratein, which means to govern
 Citizens have the opportunity to choose and identify people they
send to Parliament by means of regular and general elections
 Means government of the people for the people and by the
people
 Few people are vested with the authority to make decisions that
people are compelled to obey
 In a democratic state people are given many rights that are
guaranteed by legislation
 Leaders must not abuse their authority for their own benefit
 Democracy is based on many principles such as the rule of law
and the division of authority of the state (Any 2 × 2) (4)
[20]

TOTAL SECTION A: 40

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PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

SECTION B

QUESTION 3

3.1 3.1.1  Must be a South African citizen

 18 years and older
 Must have a legal voter document (ID)
 A permanent resident of the country
 A person who is a child of a citizen before the commencement
of the new Constitution and who has entered the country to
become a permanent resident
 A person who has been in the country since 31 December 1978
 Not a South African but granted the right to vote by Parliament
 Not subject to any disqualifications contained in the Act
(Any 4 × 1) (4)

3.1.2  The place where people will cast their votes

 Should not be in a building used by the defence force, police or
a political party
 Electoral officers are in charge of voting stations (Any 1 × 2) (2)

3.1.3  Disposable polling booths – used to cast your vote in secrecy

 Ballot boxes – must be checked before voting to ensure that
they are empty; used to cast ballot papers
 Copies of voting list – responsibility of every individual to check
that his/her name appears on all and on the correct voting lists
in his/her constituency
 Ballot papers – usually consists of abbreviated names of
registered parties, a sign or symbol of each party in colour and
the name and photograph of the leader of the party
 Indelible ink – used to mark the thumbs of the voters
 Stationery – the electoral officer must provide pens, pencils,
rulers and any other writing material that will be required
 Shredding machine – used to shred spoilt papers
 First-aid and emergency equipment – the electoral officer must
ensure that there is sufficient first-aid and emergency equipment
available in the case of an emergency (Any 4 × 1) (4)

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PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

3.1.4  Identity document is scanned and checked

 Voter’s list will be checked and your details crossed out
 The base of the thumbnail on the right hand is checked for
invisible ink
 A drop of ink is placed on the base of the thumbnail
 Voter receives two ballot papers for the National Assembly and
Provincial Legislator
 Voter marks party of his/her choice in voting booth
 Voter places National Assembly ballot paper in the national
ballot box
 Voter places the Provincial Legislator ballot paper in the
provincial ballot box
 Voter leaves voting station (Any 10 × 1) (10)

3.2 3.2.1  Eastern Cape

 KwaZulu-Natal
 Limpopo
 North West
 Free State
 Mpumalanga (Any 6 × 1) (6)

3.2.2  The Constitution made provision for the establishment of

Provincial Houses of Traditional Leaders in six provinces
 Makes proposals to the Provincial Legislature or government in
respect of matters relating to traditional authorities, indigenous
law or traditions and customs of the traditional communities
 A provincial bill is referred to the Provincial House of Traditional
Leaders for comment by the speaker of the Provincial
Legislature
 If the House is opposed to the bill, it is not passed by the
Provincial Legislature (Any 2 × 2) (4)

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PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

3.2.3  Heals the divisions of the past and creates a society based on
democratic values, social justice and basic human rights
 Lays the foundation for a democratic and open society in which
government is based on the will of the people and every citizen
is equally protected by the law
 Improves the quality of life of all citizens and frees the potential
of all people
 Has supremacy over Parliament
 Guarantees equal rights for all citizens of the Republic of South
Africa
 Contains a Bill of Rights that regulates the relationship between
state and citizen
 Makes provision for the formation of a government of national
unity
 The former four provinces are replaced by nine provinces, each
of which obtains its own provincial government
 Entrenches various interests of the community, for example an
electoral system of proportional representation
 Builds a united and democratic South Africa able to take its
rightful place as a sovereign state in the family of nations
(Any 5 × 2) (10)
[40]

QUESTION 4

4.1 4.1.1  Receives and investigates complaints from the public against
government or state agencies or officials
 Investigates any conduct in state affairs or public administration
at any level of government that is improper (maladministration,
abuse of power, violations of human rights, dishonesty)
 Must report on such conduct to the public
 May not investigate any court decision (Any 4 × 2) (8)

4.1.2  Chairperson of the National Assembly

 Presides over National Assembly meetings
 In charge of the proceedings of the National Assembly
(Any 1 × 2) (2)

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PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

4.1.3  The National Assembly consists of 400 members.

 Two hundred seats are allocated on the basis of national
elections according to the percentage of votes of each party.
 Two hundred seats are allocated to the various provinces
as follows:

o Gauteng: 43
o KwaZulu-Natal: 40
o Eastern Cape: 28
o Western Cape: 21
o Limpopo: 20
o Free State: 15
o North West: 15
o Mpumalanga: 14
o Northern Cape: 4

 A speaker and a deputy speaker are chosen among

the members of the National Assembly.
 Each political party will choose a leader for the National
Assembly, called the chief whip.
 Each political party may choose additional whips at the ratio of 1
whip to every 8,69 members.
 Political parties that are too small to have a whip can
attend meetings of the whips.
 The majority party can appoint a deputy whip.
 They are elected every five years. (Any 6 × 2) (12)

4.1.4  Unrehabilitated insolvent

 Mental derangement
 Sentenced to imprisonment for more than a year without the
option of a fine
 Absent without permission for a long time
 Anyone convicted of an offence and sentenced to more than
12 months’ imprisonment without the option of a fine, either in
the Republic or outside
 Permanent delegates to the National Council of Provinces or
members of a Provincial Legislature or municipal council
 Anyone who is in the service of the state and receives
remuneration for that appointment or service (president, deputy
president, ministers, deputy ministers) (Any 5 × 2) (10)

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4.2 4.2.1  These courts have jurisdiction in all constitutional matters,

except matters on which only the Constitutional Court can
decide.
 These courts are also vested in provinces with appellate
divisions.
 They hear matters that are so serious that the lower courts
would not be competent to make a proper judgement.
 These courts can sentence offenders to life imprisonment
unless prescribed by the law.
 Decisions are binding on magistrate’s courts within the area of
jurisdiction.
 High court judges are appointed by the president after
consultations. (Any 2 × 2) (4)

4.2.2  Exist to pronounce judgement on the less serious criminal and

civil matters that appear daily
 Various types of magistrate’s courts that pronounce judgment
on a great variety of matters, for example ordinary magistrate’s
court, children’s court and regional magistrate’s court
(Any 2 × 2) (4)
[40]

QUESTION 5

5.1 5.1.1  Assents to bills

 Refers bills back for consideration
 Convenes meetings of Cabinet
 Appoints commissions of enquiry and ambassadors
 Refers disputes that might occur in Parliament to the
Constitutional Court or other relevant institution
 Appoints diplomatic officers
 Negotiates and signs international agreements
 Proclaims referenda
 Pardons offenders
 Appoints deputy president and members of Cabinet
 Dismisses deputy president and ministers
 Manages Cabinet
 Formulates and executes policies of the national government
 Allocates functions to executive deputy president (Any 5 × 2) (10)

5.1.2  Are political heads and submit policy proposals to Cabinet

 Make proposals for their department to Cabinet
 Ensure that legislation is approved to fulfil these objectives
 Make proposals about objectives for their department
(Any 3 × 2) (6)

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PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

5.1.3  Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

 Basic Education
 Communications
 Correctional Services
 Economic Development
 Environmental Affairs
 Health
 Home Affairs
 National Treasury
 Arts and Culture
 Defence
 Energy
 Higher Education and Training
 Human Settlement
 International Relations and Co-operations
 Labour
 Mineral Resources
 Police
 Public Enterprises
 Public Service and Administration
 Public Works
 Science and Technology
 Trade and Industry
 Transport
 Social Development
 Sports and Recreation
 Traditional Affairs
 Water Affairs
 The Presidency
 Rural Development and Land Reform
 State Security Energy
 Statistics South Africa (Any 8 × 1) (8)

5.1.4  Carries out all activities assigned by the president or

Constitution
 Assists the president
 Has the same tasks as members of Cabinet
 Is accountable collectively (with members of Cabinet) and
individually to Parliament (Any 2 × 2) (4)

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5.1.5 Executive authority

 Includes activities in the preparation of the writing of laws
 Includes the running of different state departments within
government
 Here laws are carried out
 Not involved in enacting legislation or in administering justice

Legislative authority
 Includes the writing of laws
 Monitors the executive authority
 The legislator who enacts laws may not also execute them or
administer justice (Any 2 × 2) (4)

5.2  Makes bylaws provided that they are consistent with national or provincial
legislation
 Prescribes procedures for levies and recovery of rates and taxes
 Prescribes how municipal income will be spent to provide the necessary
services to maintain the well-being of all citizens
 Ensures that national and provincial policies are enforced on local level
 Municipalities have the right to govern on their own initiative subject to
national and provincial legislation and the Constitution
 The municipality makes by-laws on various matters. These matters are for
example on tourism, refuse removal, health services, storm-water drainage
and many other matters
 A municipal council may decide on its own working method by establishing
committees, although decisions must be taken by a full council (Any 4 × 2) (8)
[40]

QUESTION 6

6.1 6.1.1  Municipal level of government

 Local level of government (Any 1 × 2) (2)

6.1.2  Water is an essential service.

 The municipality is involved with the provisioning of this service.
 People cannot survive without water for very long, therefore it
has to be attended to as soon as possible.
 For health and safety reasons, this service needs to be
constantly provided by municipalities. (Any 2 × 2) (4)

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6.1.3  Represent the wards

 Accountable to the people for what happens in the municipality
 Must look after the interests of the residents in that area
 Must be available to citizens to discuss their unhappiness
 Must report back every four months to their constituencies
 Must be honest and act in a transparent manner
 Must always act in the best interest of the community
 Attend meetings regularly
 Not use their position or privileges or confidential information for
private gain
 Not request, solicit or accept any reward, gift or favour for any
reason
 Must not interfere or obstruct in the management or
administration of any department unless given instructions by
council to do so (Any 5 × 2) (10)

6.2 6.2.1  Consists of 30 to 100 members

 Elected on a proportional basis in a general election
 The premier is the head of the province and the Provincial
Legislature
 Term of office is five years (Any 3 × 2) (6)

6.2.2  Constitution is the highest law

 National laws or Acts of Parliament are higher than the laws
passed by provincial government
 Provincial governments are subordinate to national government
(Any 1 × 2) (2)

6.2.3  Where an Act of Parliament deals with matters that cannot be

regulated effectively by provincial legislation
 Where an Act of Parliament deals with matters that require
being regulated or co-ordinated by uniform norms or standards
that apply generally throughout the Republic of South Africa
 Where an Act of Parliament is necessary to set minimum
standards across the nation for the rendering of public services
 Where an Act of Parliament is necessary for the maintenance of
economic enmity, wealth and security services, protection of the
environment, promotion of provincial commerce and other
important services to be regulated by national law (Any 4 × 2) (8)

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6.3  Generic administrative functions

 Auxiliary functions
 Instrumental functions
 Line functions (Any 4 × 2) (8)
[40]

TOTAL SECTION B: 160

GRAND TOTAL: 200

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