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Communication

The document discusses various analog modulation techniques used in communication systems including amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, and phase modulation. It describes the principles, generation methods, applications, bandwidth requirements, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of different analog modulation types.

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Mohammed H
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15 views11 pages

Communication

The document discusses various analog modulation techniques used in communication systems including amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, and phase modulation. It describes the principles, generation methods, applications, bandwidth requirements, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of different analog modulation types.

Uploaded by

Mohammed H
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Analog Modulation

Communication principle
M. Shorsh Ahmed Rashed
(2022-2023)

Prepared By:

 Mohammed Zana hamad


Contents:

1. Introduction
2. The Need for Modulation
3. Types of Angle Modulation
4. Generation and Application of Analog Modulation
5. Bandwidth Requirement and Power Relations in AM
6. Advantages and Disadvantages of Analog Modulation Types
7. Comparison of Analog Modulation Types
8. Design of an AM Modulation and Demodulation System using
MATLAB Simulink
9. Conclusion
Introduction

Modulation and Demodulation:


Modulation is the method of enhancing a provider sign to transmit
information. Demodulation, moreover diagnosed as detection, is the
reverse method of extracting the special facts from the modulated
issuer signal.

Analog Modulation: A Brief Overview:


Analog modulation entails bettering the amplitude, frequency, or
vicinity of a non-stop wave enterprise signal to encode information.
This file focuses on hassle of view modulation techniques, such as
amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), and shut
with the beneficial useful resource of modulation (PM).

The Need for Modulation

Communication Systems:
Modulation is essential in communication systems to allow efficient
transmission of information over long distances using
electromagnetic waves.
Bandwidth Utilization:
Modulation techniques enable the efficient utilization of available
bandwidth by optimizing the spectral efficiency of the transmitted
signal.
Noise Reduction:
Modulation helps in reducing the impact of noise and interference
on the transmitted signal, improving the overall quality of the
received signal.

Types of Angle Modulation

Amplitude Modulation (AM):


AM involves varying the amplitude of the carrier signal in proportion
to the modulating signal.
- Double-Sideband Suppressed Carrier (DSB-SC)
- Single-Sideband Suppressed Carrier (SSB-SC)
- Vestigial Sideband (VSB)

frequency Modulation (FM):


FM involves varying the frequency of the carrier signal in accordance
with the modulating signal.

Phase Modulation (PM):


PM involves changing the phase of the carrier signal based on the
modulating signal.
Generation and Application of Analog Modulation

AM Generation Techniques:
AM can be generated using various methods, including the linear
multiplier method, transformer coupling method, and direct method.
These techniques involve combining the carrier and modulating
signals to produce the AM signal.

FM Generation Techniques:
FM can be generated using frequency modulators such as the direct
FM method and indirect FM method. These techniques involve
varying the frequency of the carrier signal based on the modulating
signal.

PM Generation Techniques:
PM can be generated using phase modulators, including the direct
PM method and indirect PM method. These techniques involve
changing the phase of the carrier signal according to the modulating
signal.

Applications of Analog Modulation:


Analog modulation finds extensive applications in various fields,
including radio and television broadcasting, mobile communication,
wireless communication systems, and audio transmission.
Bandwidth Requirement and Power Relations in AM

Bandwidth Requirement in AM:


The bandwidth required for an AM signal depends on the highest
frequency component in the modulating signal. In AM, the
bandwidth is approximately twice the maximum frequency of the
modulating signal.

Power Relations in AM:


In AM, the power relations between the carrier and the sidebands
determine the overall power distribution in the transmitted signal.
These power relations affect the efficiency and spectral
characteristics of the AM signal.

Advantages and Disadvantages


Amplitude Modulation (AM):
Advantages:
- Simple implementation
- Compatibility with existing receivers
- Efficient use of power
- Suitable for long-distance communication
Disadvantages:
- Susceptible to noise and interference
- Limited bandwidth efficiency
- Low signal-to-noise ratio

Frequency Modulation (FM):


Advantages:
- Resistant to noise and interference
- High signal-to-noise ratio
- Wide bandwidth efficiency
- Suitable for high-quality audio transmission

Disadvantages:
- Complex implementation
- Incompatibility with AM receivers without FM demodulation
capability
- Limited coverage range compared to AM

Phase Modulation (PM):


Advantages:
- Similar advantages to FM in terms of noise resistance and signal
quality
- Efficient use of bandwidth
- Suitable for digital communication systems
Disadvantages:
- Complex implementation
- Limited availability of PM receivers
- Sensitive to phase errors

Comparison of Analog Modulation Types

- Bandwidth efficiency: FM and PM offer higher bandwidth efficiency


compared to AM.
- Noise resistance: FM and PM are more resistant to noise and
interference than AM.
- Implementation complexity: AM is the simplest to implement, while
FM and PM require more complex modulation and demodulation
circuits.
- Receiver compatibility: AM is compatible with existing AM
receivers, while FM and PM require specific receivers capable of
demodulating the corresponding signals.
Design of an AM Modulation and Demodulation System using
MATLAB Simulink
Conclusion
Analog modulation plays a crucial role in communication systems by
enabling the efficient transmission of information over various
media. This report provided a detailed introduction to modulation
and demodulation, explaining the need for modulation in
communication systems. It explored different types of angle
modulation, including amplitude modulation (AM), frequency
modulation (FM), and phase modulation (PM), discussing their
generation techniques and applications. The report also covered the
bandwidth requirement and power relations in AM, and highlighted
the advantages and disadvantages of each analog modulation type.
Furthermore, a design of an AM modulation and demodulation
system using MATLAB Simulink, along with the corresponding
MATLAB code, was presented. This system allows the visualization of
the message signal, carrier signal, modulated signal, and
demodulated signal, showcasing the practical implementation of
analog modulation techniques.

In conclusion, analog modulation techniques continue to play a vital


role in modern communication systems, and understanding their
principles and applications is crucial for engineers and researchers in
the field.
Reference

1. Book: "Analog Communication: Principles and Practice" by Hwei P. Hsu.

2. Book: "Communication Systems: Analog and Digital" by Sanjay Sharma.

3. Book: "Principles of Communication Systems" by Herbert Taub and Donald L.


Schilling.

4. Book: "Analog and Digital Communication Systems" by Martin S. Roden.

5. Book: "Introduction to Analog and Digital Communications" by Simon Haykin


and Michael Moher.

6. Paper: "Amplitude Modulation" by John F. Alley.

7. Paper: "Frequency Modulation" by John F. Alley.

8. Paper: "Phase Modulation" by Andrew J. Viterbi.

9. Paper: "Quadrature Amplitude Modulation" by Thomas M. Cover and Joy A.


Thomas.

10. Paper: "Analog Modulation Techniques: An Overview" by Varsha Rani and


Nisha Rani.

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