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THREAD GAUGES
ISO METRIC thread gauges (2 - 200 mm)
The metric thread is the most common type of thread around the world, used
for joining various components. This was one of the first international stan-
dards agreed when the International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
was set up in 1947.
The standard specifies tolerances for e.g. 4H, 5H, 6H, 6G and 7H for thread
plugs (to check internal threads) and 4h, 6g, 6e, 6az, 8g, etc. for thread rings
(to check external threads).
Specification:
Metric thread properties:
Basic dimension: ISO 965 Part 1,2,3 – 1998 thread angle: 60°;
Gauging practice: ISO 1502 – 1996 H = 0.866025 x P;
UNIFIED thread gauges (No.4 - 8“)
The UNIFIED thread has the same 60° profile as the ISO metric screw thread
but the characteristic dimensions of each UTS thread (Unified Thread Stan-
dard) were chosen in inch fraction rather than a round millimeter value. The
UTS thread is most commonly used in USA and Canada.
For thread plugs (to check internal threads) the most used tolerance classes
are 1B, 2B and 3B and for thread rings (to check external threads) 1A, 2A
and 3A. The tolerance class 2B/2A corresponds to medium fit and is used for
general applications which require free assembly.
UN thread properties:
Specification: thread angle: 60°;
Gauging practice: ANSI/ASME B1.2 – 1983 or B.S. 919 Part I - 2007 H = 0.866025 x P;
GAS thread gauges (G1/8“ - G6“)
The Gas thread (G) is a straight thread used for interconnecting pipes, also
known in the trade as BSPP, NPS or G. It is technically a Whitworth thread
which is actually a British Standard Pipe Parallel (BSPP) thread.
As per ISO standard, these internal and external threads are designated by
the letter „G“ followed by the thread size designation. This designation refers
to the pipe size and not to the thread diameter.
Gas thread plugs (for internal threads) have only general tolerance class
and thread rings (for external threads) have class A or B. Tolerance class A
is closer/tighter than class B. The specification states that where no class is
specified, class B should be assumed.
Gas thread properties:
Specification: thread angle: 55°
Basic dimension: ISO 228 Part I – 1996 H = 0.960491 x p
Gauging practice: ISO 228 Part II – 1987 h = 0.640327 x p
r = 0.137329 x p
BSW / BSF / Whitworth thread gauges (1/8“ - 6“)
The Whitworth thread is used especially in USA and England, being devised
by Sir Joseph Whitworth in 1841. It is marked with the letter ‚W‘ followed by
a number expressed as a fraction: W 1 1/2“. This means that the diameter is
expressed in inches and the pitch in number of threads per inch (TPI) - 1 inch
= 25.4 mm. Because of the more inclined flank angle, it loosens much more
difficult under vibrations.
Provision is made for three classes of fit for external threads: Close, Medi-
um and Free and two classes for internal threads: Medium and Normal.
The Free and Normal classes apply to the majority of commercial quality
threads.
Whitworth thread properties:
BSW - British Standard Whitworth (1/8“ - 6“) thread angle: 55°
BSF - British Standard Fine (3/16“ - 4.1/2“) H = 0.960491 x p
h = 0.640327 x p
BSB - British Standard Brass (1/8“ - 2“) r = 0.137329 x p
Specification:
Basic dimension: B.S. 84 - 1956
Gauging practice: B.S. 919 Part II – 1971
PG (Panzer-Gewinde) thread gauges (Pg7 - Pg48)
The PG thread - is a thread as per German standards used mainly for elec-
trical connections instead of the B.S. Conduit thread. The depth of the thread
is smaller than NPT or Metric but larger flank angle.
Specification:
Basic dimension: DIN 4030 – 1971
Gauging practice: DIN 40431(1) – 1970 & DIN 40431(2) – 1972
PG thread properties:
thread angle: 80°
h = 0.595875 x p
R=0.107 x p
ACME / STUB ACME thread gauges (1/4“ - 5“)
The ACME thread is a parallel thread most commonly used for transver-
sal motion on industrial machines. The trapezoidal thread form provide high
strength and ease of manufacture. The ACME thread is similar to the trapezo-
idal thread, the only difference being the reference system (ACME - imperial
and Trapezoidal - metric 30°).
The STUB ACME thread came into being early in the 1900‘s and its use has
been generally confined to those unusual applications where a coarse-pitch
thread of shallow depth is required.
Specification: ACME thread prop.: STUB ACME thread prop.:
ACME: ANSI/ASME: B1.5 – 1997 or B.S. 1104 – 1957 thread angle: 29° thread angle: 29°
H = 1.93335 x p H = 1.93335 x p
STUB ACME: ANSI/ASME B1.8 – 1988 h = 0.5 x p/2 h = 0.3 x p
Fcn = 0.3707 x p Fcn = 0.4224 x p
NPT / NPTF / PTF thread gauges (1/16“ - 6“)
The NPT thread is a U.S. standard for tapered threads used on threaded
pipes and fittings. The ANSI/ASME B.1.20.1 standard includes thread angles
of 60° and sizes from 1/16“ to 24“ nominal pipe diameter.
Specification:
‚Basic‘ type: ANSI/ASME B1.20.1 - 1983
‚Step Limit‘ type: H-28 Part II – 1957
NPT thread properties:
NPT Basic gauge has one step for plugs and one Notation: tapered thread 1° 47‘
N = National Standard truncation of roots and crests are flat
surface for rings which represent the basic pitch P = Pipe thread angle: 60°
diameter. The determination whether the face is T = Taper H = 0.866025p = height of 60° sharp V thread
within one pitch from basic step is made with the C = Coupling h = 0.800000p = height of thread on product
help of a feeler gauge. fc = depth of truncation at crest n = number of threads per inch
fr = depth of truncation at root p = 1/n = pitch (measured parallel to axis)
Step Limit gauges have in addition two steps/sur- Fc = width of flat at crest α = 30° = thread flank angle
faces: one at basic +1 pitch and other at basic -1 Fr = width of flat at root β = 1° 47‘ = thread taper angle for 1:16 taper
pitch, so the feeler gauge is not needed anymore.
Other types of thread gauges
MJ thread gauges - as per ISO 5855 Part I,II,III - 1981; ANSI B1.21M - 1978
UNJ thread gauges - as per B.S. 4084 - 1978; ISO 3161 - 1977
B.S. thread gauges - as per B.S. 31 - 1940
B.A. thread gauges - as per B.S. 919 Part II - 1971
B.S. Cycle thread gauges - as per B.S. 919 Part II - 1971
Trapezoidal thread gauges - as per DIN 103 - 1977
Line Pipe (LP) thread gauges
UPTBG thread gauges
Buttress thread gauges
BSPTr / ‚R‘ ISO 7/1&2 thread gauges
Other special thread gauges on request
Limit plug gauges & setting rings
Plain (limit) plugs are designed to check minor diameter of internal threads and plain (setting) rings or snap gauges are desi-
gned to check major diameter of external threads. These gauges are made from special steel, hardened, ground and lapped;
also possible to be delivered hard chromed.
Specification:
Limit plugs: DIN 7162 si DIN 7164
Setting rings: DIN 2250 C, DIN ISO 286/1
Check gauges
1. Master check gauges
Features:
used to check NEW working thread gauges
the checking of new Go thread ring gauges is done with a master check plug Go-NoGo. Similary, the master check plug
will be used for checking the NoGo ring gauge.
2. Wear check gauges (WCG)
Features:
used for checking wear of USED working thread gauges (whether or not they are in the accepted tolerances)
are designed in such a manner that, when WCG enters its corresponding thread gauge, it indicates that the gauge is worn
out or not
WCP for Go and NoGo thread rings are supplied separately
Calibration services
We offer calibration facilities for every type of gauge ordered from us. The gauges are checked in a controlled enviroment at
20 ±1°C and relative humidity of 50 ±5 RH using instruments directly traceable to International Standards. For this traceability
all of the major instruments are regularly calibrated by „National Physical Laboratory“ (NPL).
Heat treatment
Heat treatment is made in controlled atmosphere electrical furnances which offer a very precise temperature control.
The furnances are fitted with electronic controllers along with data logger for recording the cycle parameters. The heat treat-
ment cycle includes stress relieving, pre-heating, austenitizing, oil quenching and double tempering.
The heat treatment process is periodically validated to achieve consistent and good quality microstructure.
The hardness of gauges is 60-62 HRC.
The screw thread notation
PITCH (p) - the distance from a point on
the screw thread to a corresponding point
on the next thread measured parallel to
the axis of the thread.
DEPTH OF THREAD (H) - the distance
from the crest to the root of the thread
measured perpendicular to the axis of the
screw or nut.
MAJOR DIAMETER (Dmaj) - the largest
diameter of the screw or nut. No formula is
needed for the major diameter as it is used
to identify the size of the screw.
PITCH DIAMETER (Dp) - the diameter
where the thread thickness is equal to the
space between the threads. If the flats at
the top and bottom of the thread are the
same, the pitch diameter will coincide with
the middle of the sloping side of the thread.
ANGLE OF THREAD (α) - the angle included between the sides of the thread measured in an
MINOR DIAMETER (Dmin) - the smallest
axial plane. The angle of thread is known from the name of the thread.
diameter of the screw or nut. On the nut it
corresponds to the tap drill size. LEAD ANGLE (s) - the angle made by the pitch helix, with a plane perpendicular to the axis.
Contact information:
For inquiries please specify:
gauge type (plug or ring, Go/NoGo)
thread type
diameter and pitch of the thread
thread direction (right or left handed)
tolerance class
Example: Thread Plug Go&NoGo M12x1.5 6H R.H.
