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Matter - Notes

The document provides definitions and examples related to states of matter including solid, liquid, and gas. It discusses concepts such as temperature changes during phase transitions, properties of mixtures and solutions, and distinguishing physical and chemical changes. Multiple choice and descriptive questions are included for students to test their understanding.

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Bhavesh Anil
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33 views4 pages

Matter - Notes

The document provides definitions and examples related to states of matter including solid, liquid, and gas. It discusses concepts such as temperature changes during phase transitions, properties of mixtures and solutions, and distinguishing physical and chemical changes. Multiple choice and descriptive questions are included for students to test their understanding.

Uploaded by

Bhavesh Anil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Abu Dhabi Indian School – BRANCH-1, AL WATHBA

GRADE V LESSON- MATTER SUBJECT: SCIENCE

I. Name the following:


A. The temperature at which water freezes. – 0 ̊ C
B. The temperature at which water boils. _ 100 ̊ C
C. The most common state of matter seen in the universe. - _ plasma
D. The space between the molecules. – Intermolecular space
E. The building blocks of matter. – Atoms
F. Any two examples of non-matter. _ light and sound
G. Any two examples of plasma - lightning, auroras

II. Answer the following:

1. Define the terms:


a. Matter: Anything that occupies space and has mass is called matter.
b. Molecule: A molecule is the smallest unit of a substance that has all the
properties of the substance.
c. Solute: A minor component of a solution dissolved in a solvent.
d. Solvent: A substance in which solute is dissolved is a solvent.
e. Solution: A homogeneous mixture of two or more components is known as a solution.
f. Saturated solution: A solution in which no more solute can be dissolved at a particular
temperature is called a saturated solution.
g. Solubility: Solubility is the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a
given amount of solvent at a given temperature.

2. Give reason:
a) Water is a universal solvent.
A: Water is called a universal solvent as it dissolves most of the substances in
it.
b) Liquids and gases can flow but solids cannot.
A: The molecules of gases and liquids are far apart because of the weak intermolecular
force of attraction between them, hence liquids and gases can flow. In solids, the
molecules are tightly held together because of the strong intermolecular force of
attraction, hence solids cannot flow.
3. What is an oral rehydration solution?
A: An oral rehydration solution is a glucose and salt solution used to treat dehydration.
4.Why does the level of water not change when a spoon of sugar is added to a glass of
water?
● In water, the molecules are loosely packed and there is intermolecular space between
them.
● When sugar is added to water, sugar particles occupy the space between the water
molecules causing no change in the water level.
5.Suggest a method to increase the solubility of a saturated solution.
A: Solubility of a saturated solution can be increased by increasing the
temperature(heating).
6.Differentiate between miscible and immiscible liquids.
● Liquids that mix well with each other are called miscible liquids. Example: milk and water
● Liquids that do not mix with each other and form separate layers are called immiscible
liquids. Example: water and oil
7.Differentiate between elements and compounds.

Elements Compounds

An element is a pure chemical A compound contains atoms of


substance made up of the same type of different elements.
atoms.

An element is represented using symbols. A compound is represented using a formula.

There are 118 known elements. The list of compounds is endless.


Examples: hydrogen, oxygen Examples: Water, carbon
dioxide, glucose, etc.

8.Differentiate between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures.

Homogeneous mixture Heterogeneous mixture

The components are uniformly The components are unevenly


distributed in a homogeneous mixture. distributed in a heterogeneous
mixture.

There is only one phase throughout Phases may be more than one
the whole mixture.

The components cannot be separated The components can be separated easily.


easily.

Sugar solution, soda water, soft drinks etc. Sugar and sand mixture,
chalk powder in water

9. Differentiate between physical and chemical change.

PHYSICAL CHANGE CHEMICAL CHANGE


● New substances are not formed. ● New substances are formed.
● Mostly reversible. ● Mostly irreversible
● Examples: Cooling and heating of ● Examples: Burning of wood, cooking of
water, crumpling a sheet of paper, food, rusting of iron, etc.
stretching of a rubber band, etc.

10.List down the four most abundant elements present in our body. Represent the
elements using their symbols.

A: Hydrogen(H), Oxygen(O), Carbon(C) and Nitrogen(N).

11.Write down the chemical formula of:


1. Carbon dioxide -

2. Water
12. Distinguish between solids, liquids, and gas.

Criteria Solid Liquid Gas


Shape definite Shape of the indefinite
container

Volume Definite definite indefinite


Molecular Tightly packed Loosely packed Very loosely
arrangement packed

Examples Ice, brick, stone, etc Water, kerosene, Water vapor,


petrol, etc oxygen, carbon
dioxide, etc

Diagram

13.“The states of matter are interchangeable.” Explain the statement with a suitable
example.
A: The states of matter can be changed from one form to another form. For example:
● Ice is solid, which changes into the water on heating. The process is known as
melting.
● Water thus formed can change into water vapour again on heating. The process is
known as evaporation.
● The water vapour can be changed back into the water on cooling. The process is
known as condensation.
● The water formed can be made into ice again on cooling. The process is known as
freezing.
HOTS:
1. Hari took a glass containing water and mixed it with a spoonful of salt into it initially. He
observed that the salt dissolved completely. He kept on adding the salt till he observed that
no more solute is dissolved in the solvent.
a. Was there any change in water level in the glass initially? Justify.
b. Why did the salt remain undissolved at last?
2. Identify whether an open carbonated drink is a homogeneous or heterogeneous
mixture. Justify your answer.

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