R22 B.Tech.

CSE Syllabus JNTU Hyderabad

II YEAR II SEMESTER
Course
S. No. Course Title L T P Credits
Code
1 Discrete Mathematics 3 0 0 3
2 Business Economics & Financial Analysis 3 0 0 3
3 Operating Systems 3 0 0 3
4 Database Management Systems 3 0 0 3
5 Software Engineering 3 0 0 3
6 Operating Systems Lab 0 0 2 1
7 Database Management Systems Lab 0 0 2 1
8 Real-time Research Project/ Societal Related
0 0 4 2
Project
9 Node JS/ React JS/ Django 0 0 2 1
10 *MC Constitution of India 3 0 0 0
Total 18 0 10 20

III YEAR I SEMESTER

Course
S. No. Course Title L T P Credits
Code
1 Design and Analysis of Algorithms 3 1 0 4
2 Computer Networks 3 0 0 3
3 DevOps 3 0 0 3
4 Professional Elective-I 3 0 0 3
5 Professional Elective -II 3 0 0 3
6 Computer Networks Lab 0 0 2 1
7 DevOps Lab 0 0 2 1
8 Advanced English Communication Skills Lab 0 0 2 1
9 UI design- Flutter 0 0 2 1
10 *MC Intellectual Property Rights 3 0 0 0
Total 18 1 8 20

III YEAR II SEMESTER

Course
S. No. Course Title L T P Credits
Code
1 Machine Learning 3 0 0 3
2 Formal Languages and Automata Theory 3 0 0 3
3 Artificial Intelligence 3 0 0 3
4 Professional Elective – III 3 0 0 3
5 Open Elective-I 3 0 0 3
6 Machine Learning Lab 0 0 2 1
7 Artificial Intelligence Laboratory 0 0 2 1
8 Professional Elective-III Lab 0 0 2 1
9 Industrial Oriented Mini Project/ Internship/ Skill
0 0 4 2
Development Course (Big data-Spark)
10 *MC Environmental Science 3 0 0 0
Total 18 0 8 20
R22 B.Tech. CSE Syllabus JNTU Hyderabad

DISCRETE MATHEMATICS

B.Tech. II Year II Sem. L T P C

3 0 0 3
Course Objectives:
● Introduces elementary discrete mathematics for computer science and engineering.
● Topics include formal logic notation, methods of proof, induction, sets, relations, algebraic
structures, elementary graph theory, permutations and combinations, counting principles;
recurrence relations and generating functions.

Course Outcomes:
● Understand and construct precise mathematical proofs
● Apply logic and set theory to formulate precise statements
● Analyze and solve counting problems on finite and discrete structures
● Describe and manipulate sequences
● Apply graph theory in solving computing problems

UNIT - I
Mathematical logic: Introduction, Statements and Notation, Connectives, Normal Forms, Theory of
Inference for the Statement Calculus, The Predicate Calculus, Inference Theory of the Predicate
Calculus.

UNIT - II
Set theory: Introduction, Basic Concepts of Set Theory, Representation of Discrete Structures,
Relations and Ordering, Functions.

UNIT - III
Algebraic Structures: Introduction, Algebraic Systems, Semi groups and Monoids, Lattices as Partially
Ordered Sets, Boolean Algebra.

UNIT - IV
Elementary Combinatorics: Basics of Counting, Combinations and Permutations, Enumeration of
Combinations and Permutations, Enumerating Combinations and Permutations with Repetitions,
Enumerating Permutation with Constrained Repetitions, Binomial Coefficient, The Binomial and
Multinomial Theorems, The Principle of Exclusion.

UNIT - V
Graph Theory: Basic Concepts, Isomorphism and Subgraphs, Trees and their Properties, Spanning
Trees, Directed Trees, Binary Trees, Planar Graphs, Euler’s Formula, Multi-graphs and Euler Circuits,
Hamiltonian Graphs, Chromatic Numbers, The Four-Color Problem.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Discrete Mathematical Structures with Applications to Computer Science: J.P. Tremblay, R.
Manohar, McGraw-Hill, 1st ed.
2. Discrete Mathematics for Computer Scientists & Mathematicians: Joe l. Mott, Abraham Kandel,
Teodore P. Baker, Prentis Hall of India, 2nd ed.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Discrete and Combinatorial Mathematics - an applied introduction: Ralph.P. Grimald, Pearson
education, 5th edition.
2. Discrete Mathematical Structures: Thomas Kosy, Tata McGraw Hill publishing co.
R22 B.Tech. CSE Syllabus JNTU Hyderabad

BUSINESS ECONOMICS AND FINANCIAL ANALYSIS

B.Tech. II Year II Sem. L T P C

3 0 0 3
Course Objective: To learn the basic business types, impact of the economy on Business and Firms
specifically. To analyze the Business from the Financial Perspective.

Course Outcome: The students will understand the various Forms of Business and the impact of
economic variables on the Business. The Demand, Supply, Production, Cost, Market Structure, Pricing
aspects are learnt. The Students can study the firm’s financial position by analysing the Financial
Statements of a Company.

Unit – I: Introduction to Business and Economics

Business: Structure of Business Firm, Theory of Firm, Types of Business Entities, Limited Liability
Companies, Sources of Capital for a Company, Non-Conventional Sources of Finance.
Economics: Significance of Economics, Micro and Macro Economic Concepts, Concepts and
Importance of National Income, Inflation, Money Supply and Inflation, Business Cycle, Features and
Phases of Business Cycle. Nature and Scope of Business Economics, Role of Business Economist,
Multidisciplinary nature of Business Economics.

UNIT - II: Demand and Supply Analysis

Elasticity of Demand: Elasticity, Types of Elasticity, Law of Demand, Measurement and Significance
of Elasticity of Demand, Factors affecting Elasticity of Demand, Elasticity of Demand in decision making,
Demand Forecasting: Characteristics of Good Demand Forecasting, Steps in Demand Forecasting,
Methods of Demand Forecasting.
Supply Analysis: Determinants of Supply, Supply Function and Law of Supply.

UNIT - III: Production, Cost, Market Structures & Pricing

Production Analysis: Factors of Production, Production Function, Production Function with one
variable input, two variable inputs, Returns to Scale, Different Types of Production Functions.
Cost analysis: Types of Costs, Short run and Long run Cost Functions.
Market Structures: Nature of Competition, Features of Perfect competition, Monopoly, Oligopoly,
Monopolistic Competition. Pricing: Types of Pricing, Product Life Cycle based Pricing, Break Even
Analysis, Cost Volume Profit Analysis.

UNIT - IV: Financial Accounting: Accounting concepts and Conventions, Accounting Equation,
Double-Entry system of Accounting, Rules for maintaining Books of Accounts, Journal, Posting to
Ledger, Preparation of Trial Balance, Elements of Financial Statements, Preparation of Final Accounts
(Simple Problems).

UNIT - V: Financial Ratios Analysis: Concept of Ratio Analysis, Importance and Types of Ratios,
Liquidity Ratios, Turnover Ratios, Profitability Ratios, Proprietary Ratios, Solvency, Leverage Ratios –
Analysis and Interpretation (simple problems).

TEXT BOOKS:
1. D. D. Chaturvedi, S. L. Gupta, Business Economics - Theory and Applications, International
Book House Pvt. Ltd. 2013.
2. Dhanesh K Khatri, Financial Accounting, Tata Mc –Graw Hill, 2011.
3. Geethika Ghosh, Piyali Gosh, Purba Roy Choudhury, Managerial Economics, 2e, Tata Mc
Graw Hill Education Pvt. Ltd. 2012.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Paresh Shah, Financial Accounting for Management 2e, Oxford Press, 2015.
2. S. N. Maheshwari, Sunil K Maheshwari, Sharad K Maheshwari, Financial Accounting, 5e, Vikas
Publications, 2013.
R22 B.Tech. CSE Syllabus JNTU Hyderabad

OPERATING SYSTEMS

B.Tech. II Year II Sem. L T P C

3 0 0 3
Prerequisites:
1. A course on “Computer Programming and Data Structures”.
2. A course on “Computer Organization and Architecture”.

Course Objectives:
● Introduce operating system concepts (i.e., processes, threads, scheduling, synchronization,
deadlocks, memory management, file and I/O subsystems and protection)
● Introduce the issues to be considered in the design and development of operating system
● Introduce basic Unix commands, system call interface for process management, interprocess
communication and I/O in Unix

Course Outcomes:
● Will be able to control access to a computer and the files that may be shared
● Demonstrate the knowledge of the components of computers and their respective roles in
computing.
● Ability to recognize and resolve user problems with standard operating environments.
● Gain practical knowledge of how programming languages, operating systems, and
architectures interact and how to use each effectively.

UNIT - I
Operating System - Introduction, Structures - Simple Batch, Multiprogrammed, Time-shared,
Personal Computer, Parallel, Distributed Systems, Real-Time Systems, System components,
Operating System services, System Calls
Process - Process concepts and scheduling, Operations on processes, Cooperating Processes,
Threads

UNIT - II
CPU Scheduling - Scheduling Criteria, Scheduling Algorithms, Multiple -Processor Scheduling.
System call interface for process management-fork, exit, wait, waitpid, exec
Deadlocks - System Model, Deadlocks Characterization, Methods for Handling Deadlocks, Deadlock
Prevention, Deadlock Avoidance, Deadlock Detection, and Recovery from Deadlock

UNIT - III
Process Management and Synchronization - The Critical Section Problem, Synchronization
Hardware, Semaphores, and Classical Problems of Synchronization, Critical Regions, Monitors
Interprocess Communication Mechanisms: IPC between processes on a single computer system,
IPC between processes on different systems, using pipes, FIFOs, message queues, shared memory.

UNIT - IV
Memory Management and Virtual Memory - Logical versus Physical Address Space, Swapping,
Contiguous Allocation, Paging, Segmentation, Segmentation with Paging, Demand Paging, Page
Replacement, Page Replacement Algorithms.

UNIT - V
File System Interface and Operations -Access methods, Directory Structure, Protection, File System
Structure, Allocation methods, Free-space Management. Usage of open, create, read, write, close,
lseek, stat, ioctl system calls.
R22 B.Tech. CSE Syllabus JNTU Hyderabad

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Operating System Principles- Abraham Silberchatz, Peter B. Galvin, Greg Gagne 7th Edition,
John Wiley.
2. Advanced programming in the UNIX environment, W.R. Stevens, Pearson education.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Operating Systems- Internals and Design Principles, William Stallings, Fifth Edition–2005,
Pearson Education/PHI
2. Operating System A Design Approach- Crowley, TMH.
3. Modern Operating Systems, Andrew S. Tanenbaum 2nd edition, Pearson/PHI
4. UNIX programming environment, Kernighan and Pike, PHI/ Pearson Education
5. UNIX Internals -The New Frontiers, U. Vahalia, Pearson Education.
R22 B.Tech. CSE Syllabus JNTU Hyderabad

DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

B.Tech. II Year II Sem. L T P C
3 0 0 3
Prerequisites: A course on “Data Structures”.
Course Objectives:
● To understand the basic concepts and the applications of database systems.
● To master the basics of SQL and construct queries using SQL.
● Topics include data models, database design, relational model, relational algebra, transaction
control, concurrency control, storage structures and access techniques.

Course Outcomes:
● Gain knowledge of fundamentals of DBMS, database design and normal forms
● Master the basics of SQL for retrieval and management of data.
● Be acquainted with the basics of transaction processing and concurrency control.
● Familiarity with database storage structures and access techniques

UNIT - I
Database System Applications: A Historical Perspective, File Systems versus a DBMS, the Data
Model, Levels of Abstraction in a DBMS, Data Independence, Structure of a DBMS
Introduction to Database Design: Database Design and ER Diagrams, Entities, Attributes, and Entity
Sets, Relationships and Relationship Sets, Additional Features of the ER Model, Conceptual Design
With the ER Model

UNIT - II
Introduction to the Relational Model: Integrity constraint over relations, enforcing integrity
constraints, querying relational data, logical database design, introduction to views, destroying/altering
tables and views.
Relational Algebra, Tuple relational Calculus, Domain relational calculus.

UNIT - III
SQL: QUERIES, CONSTRAINTS, TRIGGERS: form of basic SQL query, UNION, INTERSECT, and
EXCEPT, Nested Queries, aggregation operators, NULL values, complex integrity constraints in SQL,
triggers and active databases.
Schema Refinement: Problems caused by redundancy, decompositions, problems related to
decomposition, reasoning about functional dependencies, First, Second, Third normal forms, BCNF,
lossless join decomposition, multivalued dependencies, Fourth normal form, Fifth normal form.

UNIT - IV
Transaction Concept, Transaction State, Implementation of Atomicity and Durability, Concurrent
Executions, Serializability, Recoverability, Implementation of Isolation, Testing for serializability, Lock
Based Protocols, Timestamp Based Protocols, Validation- Based Protocols, Multiple Granularity,
Recovery and Atomicity, Log–Based Recovery, Recovery with Concurrent Transactions.

UNIT - V
Data on External Storage, File Organization and Indexing, Cluster Indexes, Primary and Secondary
Indexes, Index data Structures, Hash Based Indexing, Tree based Indexing, Comparison of File
Organizations, Indexes- Intuitions for tree Indexes, Indexed Sequential Access Methods (ISAM),
B+ Trees: A Dynamic Index Structure.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Database System Concepts, Silberschatz, Korth, McGraw hill, V edition.3rd Edition
2. Database Management Systems, Raghurama Krishnan, Johannes Gehrke, Tata Mc Graw Hill
R22 B.Tech. CSE Syllabus JNTU Hyderabad

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Database Systems design, Implementation, and Management, Peter Rob & Carlos Coronel 7th
Edition.
2. Fundamentals of Database Systems, Elmasri Navrate, Pearson Education
3. Introduction to Database Systems, C. J. Date, Pearson Education
4. Oracle for Professionals, The X Team, S.Shah and V. Shah, SPD.
5. Database Systems Using Oracle: A Simplified guide to SQL and PL/SQL, Shah, PHI.
6. Fundamentals of Database Management Systems, M. L. Gillenson, Wiley Student Edition.
R22 B.Tech. CSE Syllabus JNTU Hyderabad

SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
B.Tech. II Year II Sem. L T P C
3 0 0 3
Course Objectives
● The aim of the course is to provide an understanding of the working knowledge of the
techniques for estimation, design, testing and quality management of large software
development projects.
● Topics include process models, software requirements, software design, software testing,
software process/product metrics, risk management, quality management and UML diagrams

Course Outcomes
● Ability to translate end-user requirements into system and software requirements, using e.g.
UML, and structure the requirements in a Software Requirements Document (SRD).
● Identify and apply appropriate software architectures and patterns to carry out high level design
of a system and be able to critically compare alternative choices.
● Will have experience and/or awareness of testing problems and will be able to develop a simple
testing report

UNIT - I
Introduction to Software Engineering: The evolving role of software, changing nature of software,
software myths. A Generic view of process: Software engineering- a layered technology, a process
framework, the capability maturity model integration (CMMI). Process models: The waterfall model,
Spiral model and Agile methodology

UNIT - II
Software Requirements: Functional and non-functional requirements, user requirements, system
requirements, interface specification, the software requirements document.
Requirements engineering process: Feasibility studies, requirements elicitation and analysis,
requirements validation, requirements management.

UNIT - III
Design Engineering: Design process and design quality, design concepts, the design model.
Creating an architectural design: software architecture, data design, architectural styles and patterns,
architectural design, conceptual model of UML, basic structural modeling, class diagrams, sequence
diagrams, collaboration diagrams, use case diagrams, component diagrams.

UNIT - IV
Testing Strategies: A strategic approach to software testing, test strategies for conventional software,
black-box and white-box testing, validation testing, system testing, the art of debugging.
Metrics for Process and Products: Software measurement, metrics for software quality.

UNIT - V
Risk management: Reactive Vs proactive risk strategies, software risks, risk identification, risk
projection, risk refinement, RMMM. Quality Management: Quality concepts, software quality
assurance, software reviews, formal technical reviews, statistical software quality assurance, software
reliability, the ISO 9000 quality standards.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Software Engineering, A practitioner’s Approach- Roger S. Pressman, 6th edition, McGraw Hill
International Edition.
2. Software Engineering- Sommerville, 7th edition, Pearson Education.
R22 B.Tech. CSE Syllabus JNTU Hyderabad

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. The unified modeling language user guide Grady Booch, James Rambaugh, Ivar Jacobson,
Pearson Education.
2. Software Engineering, an Engineering approach- James F. Peters, Witold Pedrycz, John Wiley.
3. Software Engineering principles and practice- Waman S Jawadekar, The McGraw-Hill
Companies.
4. Fundamentals of object-oriented design using UML Meiler page-Jones: Pearson Education.
R22 B.Tech. CSE Syllabus JNTU Hyderabad

OPERATING SYSTEMS LAB

B.Tech. II Year II Sem. L T P C
0 0 2 1
Prerequisites: A course on “Programming for Problem Solving”, A course on “Computer Organization
and Architecture”.

Co-requisite: A course on “Operating Systems”.

Course Objectives:
 To provide an understanding of the design aspects of operating system concepts through
simulation
 Introduce basic Unix commands, system call interface for process management, interprocess
communication and I/O in Unix

Course Outcomes:
● Simulate and implement operating system concepts such as scheduling, deadlock
management, file management and memory management.
● Able to implement C programs using Unix system calls

List of Experiments:
1. Write C programs to simulate the following CPU Scheduling algorithms a) FCFS b) SJF c) Round
Robin d) priority

2. Write programs using the I/O system calls of UNIX/LINUX operating system (open, read, write, close,
fcntl, seek, stat, opendir, readdir)

3. Write a C program to simulate Bankers Algorithm for Deadlock Avoidance and Prevention.

4. Write a C program to implement the Producer – Consumer problem using semaphores using
UNIX/LINUX system calls.

5. Write C programs to illustrate the following IPC mechanisms a) Pipes b) FIFOs c) Message Queues
d) Shared Memory

6. Write C programs to simulate the following memory management techniques a) Paging b)

Segmentation

7. Write C programs to simulate Page replacement policies a) FCFS b) LRU c) Optimal

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Operating System Principles- Abraham Silberchatz, Peter B. Galvin, Greg Gagne 7th Edition,
John Wiley
2. Advanced programming in the Unix environment, W.R.Stevens, Pearson education.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Operating Systems – Internals and Design Principles, William Stallings, Fifth Edition–2005,
Pearson Education/PHI
2. Operating System - A Design Approach-Crowley, TMH.
3. Modern Operating Systems, Andrew S Tanenbaum, 2nd edition, Pearson/PHI
4. UNIX Programming Environment, Kernighan and Pike, PHI/Pearson Education
5. UNIX Internals: The New Frontiers, U. Vahalia, Pearson Education
R22 B.Tech. CSE Syllabus JNTU Hyderabad

DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS LAB

B.Tech. II Year II Sem. L T P C

0 0 2 1
Co-requisites: “Database Management Systems”

Course Objectives:
 Introduce ER data model, database design and normalization
 Learn SQL basics for data definition and data manipulation

Course Outcomes:
● Design database schema for a given application and apply normalization
● Acquire skills in using SQL commands for data definition and data manipulation.
● Develop solutions for database applications using procedures, cursors and triggers

List of Experiments:
1. Concept design with E-R Model
2. Relational Model
3. Normalization
4. Practicing DDL commands
5. Practicing DML commands
6. A. Querying (using ANY, ALL, UNION, INTERSECT, JOIN, Constraints etc.)
B. Nested, Correlated subqueries
7. Queries using Aggregate functions, GROUP BY, HAVING and Creation and dropping of Views.
8. Triggers (Creation of insert trigger, delete trigger, update trigger)
9. Procedures
10. Usage of Cursors

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Database Management Systems, Raghurama Krishnan, Johannes Gehrke, Tata Mc Graw Hill,
3rd Edition
2. Database System Concepts, Silberschatz, Korth, McGraw Hill, V edition.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Database Systems design, Implementation, and Management, Peter Rob & Carlos Coronel 7th
Edition.
2. Fundamentals of Database Systems, Elmasri Navrate, Pearson Education
3. Introduction to Database Systems, C.J. Date, Pearson Education
4. Oracle for Professionals, The X Team, S. Shah and V. Shah, SPD.
5. Database Systems Using Oracle: A Simplified guide to SQL and PL/SQL, Shah, PHI.
6. Fundamentals of Database Management Systems, M. L. Gillenson, Wiley Student Edition.
R22 B.Tech. CSE Syllabus JNTU Hyderabad

NODE JS/ REACT JS/ DJANGO

B.Tech. II Year II Sem. L T P C

0 0 2 1
Prerequisites: Object Oriented Programming through Java, HTML Basics
Course Objectives:
● To implement the static web pages using HTML and do client side validation using JavaScript.
● To design and work with databases using Java
● To develop an end to end application using java full stack.
● To introduce Node JS implementation for server side programming.
● To experiment with single page application development using React.

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to,
● Build a custom website with HTML, CSS, and Bootstrap and little JavaScript.
● Demonstrate Advanced features of JavaScript and learn about JDBC
● Develop Server – side implementation using Java technologies like
● Develop the server – side implementation using Node JS.
● Design a Single Page Application using React.

Exercises:
1. Build a responsive web application for shopping cart with registration, login, catalog and cart
pages using CSS3 features, flex and grid.
2. Make the above web application responsive web application using Bootstrap framework.
3. Use JavaScript for doing client – side validation of the pages implemented in experiment 1 and
experiment 2.
4. Explore the features of ES6 like arrow functions, callbacks, promises, async/await. Implement
an application for reading the weather information from openweathermap.org and display the
information in the form of a graph on the web page.
5. Develop a java stand alone application that connects with the database (Oracle / mySql) and
perform the CRUD operation on the database tables.
6. Create an xml for the bookstore. Validate the same using both DTD and XSD.
7. Design a controller with servlet that provides the interaction with application developed in
experiment 1 and the database created in experiment 5.
8. Maintaining the transactional history of any user is very important. Explore the various session
tracking mechanism (Cookies, HTTP Session)
9. Create a custom server using http module and explore the other modules of Node JS like OS,
path, event.
10. Develop an express web application that can interact with REST API to perform CRUD
operations on student data. (Use Postman)
11. For the above application create authorized end points using JWT (JSON Web Token).
12. Create a react application for the student management system having registration, login,
contact, about pages and implement routing to navigate through these pages.
13. Create a service in react that fetches the weather information from openweathermap.org and
the display the current and historical weather information using graphical representation using
chart.js
14. Create a TODO application in react with necessary components and deploy it into github.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Jon Duckett, Beginning HTML, XHTML, CSS, and JavaScript, Wrox Publications, 2010
2. Bryan Basham, Kathy Sierra and Bert Bates, Head First Servlets and JSP, O’Reilly Media, 2nd
Edition, 2008.
3. Vasan Subramanian, Pro MERN Stack, Full Stack Web App Development with Mongo,
Express, React, and Node, 2nd Edition, A Press.
R22 B.Tech. CSE Syllabus JNTU Hyderabad

CONSTITUTION OF INDIA

B.Tech. II Year II Sem. L T P C

3 0 0 0
Course Objectives: Students will be able to:
 Understand the premises informing the twin themes of liberty and freedom from a civil rights
perspective.
 To address the growth of Indian opinion regarding modern Indian intellectuals’ constitutional
role and entitlement to civil and economic rights as well as the emergence of nationhood in
the early years of Indian nationalism.
 To address the role of socialism in India after the commencement of the Bolshevik Revolution
in 1917 and its impact on the initial drafting of the Indian Constitution.

Course Outcomes: Students will be able to:

 Discuss the growth of the demand for civil rights in India for the bulk of Indians before the
arrival of Gandhi in Indian politics.
 Discuss the intellectual origins of the framework of argument that informed the
conceptualization of social reforms leading to revolution in India.
 Discuss the circumstances surrounding the foundation of the Congress Socialist Party [CSP]
under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru and the eventual failure of the proposal of direct
elections through adult suffrage in the Indian Constitution
 Discuss the passage of the Hindu Code Bill of 1956.

Unit - 1 History of Making of the Indian Constitution- History of Drafting Committee.

Unit - 2 Philosophy of the Indian Constitution- Preamble Salient Features
Unit - 3 Contours of Constitutional Rights & Duties - Fundamental Rights
 Right to Equality
 Right to Freedom
 Right against Exploitation
 Right to Freedom of Religion
 Cultural and Educational Rights
 Right to Constitutional Remedies
 Directive Principles of State Policy
 Fundamental Duties.
Unit - 4 Organs of Governance: Parliament, Composition, Qualifications and Disqualifications, Powers
and Functions, Executive, President, Governor, Council of Ministers, Judiciary, Appointment and
Transfer of Judges, Qualifications, Powers and Functions

Unit - 5 Local Administration: District’s Administration head: Role and Importance, Municipalities:
Introduction, Mayor and role of Elected Representative, CEO of Municipal Corporation. Panchayat raj:
Introduction, PRI: Zila Panchayat. Elected officials and their roles, CEO ZilaPanchayat: Position and
role. Block level: Organizational Hierarchy (Different departments), Village level: Role of Elected and
Appointed officials, Importance of grass root democracy

Unit - 6 Election Commission: Election Commission: Role and Functioning. Chief Election
Commissioner and Election Commissioners. State Election Commission: Role and Functioning.
Institute and Bodies for the welfare of SC/ST/OBC and women.

Suggested Reading:
1. The Constitution of India, 1950 (Bare Act), Government Publication.
2. Dr. S. N. Busi, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar framing of Indian Constitution, 1st Edition, 2015.
3. M. P. Jain, Indian Constitution Law, 7th Edn., Lexis Nexis, 2014.
4. D.D. Basu, Introduction to the Constitution of India, Lexis Nexis, 2015.