Manufacturing Processes
Machining Processes (Drilling)
Drilling Process
Drilling Operation.
Difference between drilling and boring.
Geometry of drilling tool ( twist drill)
Types of Drilling machines (e.g. Upright,
radial m/c..)
The methods of holding tools on drilling
m/c.
Other Operations conducted on drilling m/c.
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Drilling Process
This is the operation of making a circular hole by removing a volume
of metal from the workpiece by a rotating cutting tool called drill.
Drilling removes solid metal from the work piece to produce a
circular hole.
Before drilling, the hole is located by drawing two lines at right angle
and a center punch is used to make an indentation for the drill point at
the center to help the drill in getting started.
A suitable drill is held in the drill machine and the drill machine is
adjusted to operate at the correct cutting speed.
The rotating drill is made to feed into the workpiece .
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Boring Process
This operation is carried out using cutting tools with
only one cutting edge, where enlarging a hole by
means of adjustable is accomplished.
A boring tool is employed using turning machine
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Twist Drill
Drills are made of high
speed steel. High speed
steel is used for about 90
per cent of all twist drills.
For metals more difficult
to cut, HSS alloys of high
cobalt series are used.
A twist drill has three
principal parts:
(i) Drill point or dead center
(ii) Body
(iii) Shank 5
Drilling Machines
1. Base
2. Pillar
3. Worktable
4. Motor
5. Hand wheel
6. Quill
7. Spindle
8. Depth stop
9. Stop/start
10. Drill guard
Drilling Machine
Drilling Machines
Bench Drill
Upright Drill Radial Drill
Drilling Machines
Upright Drill:
• It is a heavy duty type of drilling machine normally
incorporating a geared drive spindle head. This type of
drilling machine is used on large hole-producing
operations that typically involve larger or heavier parts.
• The upright drill allows the operator to hand feed or
power feed the tool into the workpiece.
• The power feed mechanism automatically advances the
tool into the workpiece.
• Some types of upright drill are also manufactured with
automatic table-raising mechanisms.
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Drilling Machines
Upright Drill
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Drilling Machines
Radial Drill:
• It allows the operator to position the spindle directly
over the workpiece rather than move the workpiece to
the tool.
• The design of the radial drill gives it a great deal of
versatility, especially on parts too large to position
easily.
• Radial drills offer power feed on the spindle, as well as
an automatic mechanism to raise or lower the radial
arm.
• The wheel head, which is located on the radial arm can
also be traversed along the arm, giving the machine
added ease of use as well as versatility.
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Drilling Machines
Radial Drill
Types of Twist Drill
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Tool holding
Safety chuck key
Drill chuck Drift in drill spindle
Workpiece Fixation
Drill chuck
Vise
T‐Bolts and clamp
Removing a drill from drill machine
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Hole Saw
For large diameters a 'hole saw' can be used. The advantage
of this type of drill bit is that the blade can be changed to
give different sizes of diameter.
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Reaming Process
Reaming is performed by means of a cutting tool called reamer
Reaming operation is performed by means of a multitooth tool
called reamer. Reamer possesses several cutting edges on outer
periphery
This process serves to make the hole smooth, straight and accurate
in diameter..
Reaming
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Other operations
Counter Boring: is the operation of enlarging the end of a hole
cylindrically, as for the recess for a counter-sunk rivet.
Counter sinking: This is the operation of making a cone shaped
enlargement of the end of a hole. This is done for providing a seat
for flat headed. This is done for providing a seat for counter sunk
heads of the screws
Counter boring
Counter sinking
Other Operations
Tapping ( Hand tools)
Tapping on drilling m/c
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Other operations
Centering Spot facing
Counter sinking
Counter boring
