PMT
Mark Scheme (Results)
January 2014
International GCSE
Biology (4BI0) Paper 2B
Edexcel Level 1/Level 2 Certificates
Biology (KBI0) Paper 2B
PMT
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January 2014
Publications Code UG037561
All the material in this publication is copyright
© Pearson Education Ltd 2014
PMT
General Marking Guidance
All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must mark the first
candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the last.
Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be rewarded for
what they have shown they can do rather than penalised for omissions.
Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according to their
perception of where the grade boundaries may lie.
There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark scheme should be
used appropriately.
All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded. Examiners
should always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the answer matches the mark
scheme. Examiners should also be prepared to award zero marks if the
candidate’s response is not worthy of credit according to the mark scheme.
Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the principles by
which marks will be awarded and exemplification may be limited.
When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark scheme to a
candidate’s response, the team leader must be consulted.
Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has replaced it with
an alternative response.
PMT
Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
1 (a) (i) kills/remove bacteria / kill/remove fungi / Ignore kill 1
treat bacteria / fungi infections / eq; pathogens /
microbes
Ignore fight
bacteria / fungi
(ii) penicillin + methicillin Ignore MRSA max 1
penicillin + mirabilicide
methicillin + mirabilicide;
(b) (i) 1. remove / kill / reduce bacteria/pathogens; Ignore germs max 1
2. remove / kill / reduce infection / disease / Ignore clean
maggots not infected / eq;
(ii) only digest dead tissue / only eat dead tissue 1
/ do not burrow into live flesh / eq;
(c) protease / lipase / amylase / named digestive 1
enzyme;
(d) 1. white blood cell; max 4
2. phagocyte; phagocytosis = 2
3. ingest / engulf / eat;
4. digest / breakdown / enzymes;
5. lymphocyte;
6. antibody / antitoxin;
7. antigen;
(e) longer to work / expensive / eq; 1
(f) 1. variation / some resistant / Ignore immune Max 4
some not resistant;
2. mutation / mutates / mutated;
3. survive(s) / survival / survived / not killed
/
eq;
4. reproduce / multiply / breed / eq;
5. pass on gene(s) / alleles / eq;
Total
14
marks
PMT
Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
2 (a) 1. (section of) DNA; Ignore codes 2
2. (codes) for a protein / polypeptide; for
characteristic
(b) (i) guanine; Allow 1
phonetic
spelling eg
gwanine = 1
(ii) 420; 1
(c) (i) 1
Chicken Genotype
parent with all black
feathers CBCB / BB
parent with all white
feathers CWCW / WW
offspring with a mixture
of black and white CBCW / BW;
feathers
(ii) 0.5 / ½ / 50% / 2 in 4 / eq; 1
Total 6
Marks
PMT
Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
3 (a) (i) 11.1;; Allow one 2
mark for 11,
give two marks if 11.1 in working but 11 on 900 or 100
dotted line in working
(ii) not eaten / eq; Ignore loss 2
by heat /
(plant) respiration; movement /
active transport; excretion /
egestion /
growth
(b) 1. mouth / saliva / salivary gland; 3. Allow Max 3
small
2. amylase / maltase / carbohydrase; (ONCE) intestine if
3. pancreas / small intestine / eq; linked to
absorption
4. maltose / glucose;
4. Ignore
sugar
Total 7
marks
PMT
Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
4 (a) (i) helps combustion / helps burning / eq; 1
(ii) 1. increase surface area / more surface / 2
longer distance / longer time / eq;
2. (better) heat transfer (to water) /
heat more of the water /
heat water better / eq;
(iii) distribute heat / spread heat / spread 1
temperature / even out temperature / make
all the water the same temperature / eq;
(b) (i) 7.5; 1
(ii) 6300; if not 6300 1
use number
from (i) to
calculate
correct
answer in (ii)
eg 7140 is
acceptable if
8.5 in (i)
Total 6
marks
PMT
Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
5 (a) 1. not full / less water / flaccid / shrink / eq; Allow converse 2 max
2. cytoplasm does not fill cell / cytoplasm
away (from cell wall) / membrane away from
cell wall / membrane irregular shape /
contents away (from cell wall) / eq;
3. plasmolysed / plasmolysis;
4. darker colour / eq;
(b) 1. (movement of) water; Movement of 2 max
water from a high
2. dilute to concentrated / weak solution to a conc to a low
strong solution / down water potential
conc = 2, but
gradient / high conc of water to low conc of
water / eq; water down a
concentration
gradient = 1
3. selectively permeable membrane / eq;
Membrane alone
=0
(c) 1. water leaves cell / eq; max 3
2. higher concentration outside cell / dilute to
concentrated / weak solution to a strong
solution / down water potential gradient /
high conc of water to low conc of water / eq;
eq;
3. cell membrane shrinks from cell wall / cell
dehydrates / plasmolysis / flaccid / eq;
(d) (i) 1. cells burst / eq; Ignore bigger 2 max
2. water enters cells; idea
3. no cell wall / eq;
(ii) 1. crenated / buckled / shrink / smaller / 2
flaccid / eq;
2. water leaves cells; Ignore
dehydrated
Total
11
marks
PMT
Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
6 (a) 1. enzymes; 3 max
2. optimum (pH);
3. denatured; Ignore
destroyed
4. active site altered / eq;
5. maintain production / affect production /
eq;
(b) 1. water jacket / cooling water / eq; max 2
2. insulation / eq;
3. temperature sensor / temperature probe / Ignore
temperature recorder / thermostat / eq; thermometer
(c) 1. oxygen; max 2
2. aerobic respiration / eq;
3. mix / eq;
(d) 1. sterilise / aseptic / kills microorganisms / 2 max
eq;
2. (cools to) water / condenses;
3. prevent competition from unwanted
organisms / produce different product /
eq;
4. prevent chemical contamination of
product;
Total 9
marks
PMT
Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
7 1. microorganisms / bacteria / viruses / fungi 7
/
eq;
2. faeces / urine / urea /
named nitrogenous waste;
3. respiration;
4. oxygen;
5. leaching; Ignore
nitrogen /
6. nitrate / phosphate / potassium /
ammonium; ammonia
7. algae / plants / producers / eq;
Total 7
marks
Total for Paper 60 Marks
PMT
PMT
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