Track and field

Name: Princessca Tisson

Subject: Physical Education
Class:3-4A
 History Of Track And Field
Track and field was first recorded at the Ancient Olympic Games of 776 BC in
Olympia, Greece. The single event contested was a footrace of roughly 200
yards called the stade or stadion, from which we get the word “stadium.”

Athletics, also known as track and field or track and field athletics, is a
collection of sports events that involve running, throwing and jumping. The
name is derived from the Greek word "Athlon" meaning
"contest".
Additional athletic events were gradually added until, by the fifth century BC,
the religious festival consisted of a five-day program. The athletic events
included three-foot races as well as the pentathlon (five contests: discus,
javelin, long jump, wrestling, and foot race), boxing, pale (wrestling),
pankration (mix of wrestling & boxing), and the hoplitodromos (armoured
racing with a shield)
Track-and-field athletics in the United States dates from the 1860s. The
Intercollegiate Association of Amateur Athletes of America, the nation’s first
national athletic group, held the first collegiate races in 1873, and in 1888 the
Amateur Athletic Union (which governed the sport for nearly a century) held
its first championships
Governing Bodies for Track and
Field
Saint Lucia Athletics Association: The St. Lucia Athletics Association (SLAA) is the
national governing body for athletics in Saint Lucia, inclusive of track and field,
cross country running, road running and racewalking. Previously, the Athletics
Association was known as the St. Lucia Amateur Athletics Association
(SLAA). The organization was established in 1977 in order to promote
track and field in Saint Lucia. The SLAA became an affiliate member of
the International Amateur Athletics Federation, the world governing
body for athletics, in 1978.
North American, Central American and Caribbean Athletic Association: The North
American, Central American and Caribbean Athletic
Association (NACAC) is the continental confederation governing body of
athletics for national governing bodies and multi-national federations
within Northern America, Central America, and the Caribbean. NACAC
was founded on December 10, 1988, in San Juan, Puerto Rico.
World Athletics/IAAF: World athletics formerly known as the International
Amateur Athletic
Federation from 1912 to 2001 and the International Association of Athletics
Federations from 2001 to 2019, is the international governing body for the
sport of athletics, covering track and field, cross country running, road
running, racewalking, mountain running, and ultra-running. The
organization’s president is Sebastian Coe of the United Kingdom, who was
elected in 2015 and re-elected unopposed in 2019 for a further four years.
The World Athletics Headquarters can be found in Monao, Europe
 Laws and Rules of The Sport
Jumps: An athlete may commence jumping / vaulting at any height
previously announced by the Referee or Chief Judge and may
jump / vault at their own discretion at any subsequent height.
Three consecutive failures, regardless of the height at which any
of such failures occur, disqualify from further jumping / vaulting
except in the case of a tie for first place. Even after all the other athletes have
failed, an athlete is
entitled to continue jumping until they have forfeited their right
to compete further, each athlete shall have one jump at each height

Running: If another athlete is found by the Referee to be responsible for

the jostling or obstruction, such athlete (or their team) shall be
liable to disqualification from that event. Run in lanes; each athlete shall keep
within their allocated lane
from start to finish. This shall also apply to any portion of a race
run in lanes. An athlete, or in the case of a relay event, their team, shall not
be disqualified if the athlete is pushed or forced by another
person to step or run outside their lane or on or inside the kerb
or line marking the applicable border
Throws: The use of any device of any kind, including weights attached to the
body, which in any way provides assistance when making a trial is not allowed.
The use of gloves except in the Hammer Throw is not allowed. In this case, the
gloves shall be smooth on the back and on the front and the tips of the glove
fingers, other than the thumb, shall be open. The spraying or spreading by an
athlete of any substance in the circle or on their shoes nor the roughening of the
surface of the circle is not allowed.
 World Record Holders
100m
Gender Name Time Year
Male Usain Bolt 9.58 2009
Female Florence 10.49 1988
Griffith-Joyner

200m
Gender Name Time Year
Male Usain Bolt 19.19 2009
Female Florence 21.34 1988
Griffith-Joyner

400m
Gender Name Time Year
Male Wayde van 43.03 2016
Niekerk
Female Marita Koch 47.60 1985

800m
Gender Name Time Year
Male David Rudisha 1:40.90 2012
Female Jarmila 1:53.28 1983
Kratochvílová
1500m
Gender Name Time Year
Male Hicham El 3:26 1989
Guerrouj
Female Genzebe 3;50.07 2015
Dibaba

3000m
Gender Name Time Year
Male Daniel Komen 7:20.67 1996
Female Wang Junxia 8:06.11 1993

Marathon
Gender Name Time Year
Male Eliud Kipchoge 2:01:39 2018
Female Brigid Kosgei 2:14:04 2019

Shot Put
Gender Name Length Year
Male Ryan Crouser 23.37 m (76 ft 8 2021

in)
Female Natalya 22.63 m 1987
Lisovskaya (74 ft 2+ 3 ⁄ 4
in)
Discus
Gender Name Length Year
Male Jürgen Schult 74.08 m 1986
(243 ft 1 ⁄ 2 in)
Female Gabriele 76.80 m 1988
Reinsch (251 ft 11 1 ⁄ 2
in)

Javelin
Gender Name Length Year
Male Jan Železný 98.48 m (323 ft 1996
1 in)
Female Barbora (237 ft 1 1 ⁄ 2 2008
Špotáková in)

Pole Vault
Gender Name Mark Year
Male Armand 6.18m 2020
Duplantis
Female Yelena 5.06m 2009
Isinbayeva

High Jump
Gender Name Mark Year
Male Javier 2.45 m (8 ft 1 ⁄ 1993
Sotomayor 4 in)
Female Stefka 2.09 m 1987
Kostadinova (6 ft 10 1 ⁄ 4 in)
Long Jump
Gender Name Mark Year
Male Mike Powell 8.95 m 1991
(29 ft 4 1 ⁄ 4 in)
Female Galina 7.52 m (24 ft 8 1988
Chistyakova in)