Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template.

In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva

Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Appendix
La pchit Sandrieuz an Michif is a Michif story first published by Norman Fleury and Peter Bakker
in 2004. Currently, it is the only available source providing an audio recording, its transcription and
English translation for a Michif text. Here, I provide the linguistic analysis of the text of the story
that served as a basis for my study of derivation in Michif as discussed in the main paper. In the
following text, the first line is the original transcription (Fleury & Bakker 2004) and the second line
is my transcription following the spelling conventions developed in Rosen & Souter (2009, 2015).
The third line contains the glosses and the fourth line is the original English translation. List of
abbreviations is provided in the paper in footnote number 4.

EXCERPT 1

Zha parii chi-achimoyaan mon istwaer

Zha parii chi-aachimoo-yaan mooñ istwaer
1SBJ ready CNJ-tell.story.AIt-CNJ.1S 1POSS.M.S story.M.INAN
I am ready to tell my story

pur awa la pchit fiy, la Sandrieuz kii-itaaw.

pur awa la pchit fiiy, la Sandrieuz kii-it-aa-w.
for this.AN DEF.F.S little.F girl.F.AN DEF.S.F Sandrieuz PST-say.TA-PASS.AI-IND.3S
about this little girl, Cinderella. This was said about her.

Kii-ishinihkaashow. Eekiikitimaahikaashot,
Kii-ishin-ikaashoo-w. Ee-kii-kitimaah-ikaashoo-t,
PST-see.TI-MED.AI-IND.3S CNJ-PST-abuse.TA-MED.AI-CNJ.3S
She was called like that. She was abused,

la pchit fiy awa, sitaet enn pchit orfalinn.

la pchit fiiy awa, sitaet en pchit orfalin.
DEF.F.S little.F girl.F.AN this.AN s/he.was INDEF.F.S little.F orphan.F.AN
the little girl. She was a little orphan.

O-paapaa-wa itekwenn
O-paapaa-wa itekwenn
3-father-POSS apparently
Her father apparently

kii-wiikimeeyiw onhin la faam-a

kii-wiikim-ee-yi-w ooñhiñ la faam-a
PST-marry.TA-DIR-POSS.SBJ-IND.3>4 that.AN.OBV DEF.F.S woman.F.AN-OBV
had been married to this woman

o-paapaa-wa sitet aen vaavv kii-wanih-ee-w sa faam.

o-paapaa-wa sitet aeñ vaav kii-wanih-ee-w sa faam.
3-dad-POSS was INDEF.M.S widow.M.AN PST-loose.TA-DIR-IND.3>4 3POSS.F.S woman.F.AN
Her father was a widower. He had lost his wife.

Site li mond rish nawachiko,

Site li mooñd rish nawachiko,
it.was DEF.M.S people.M.AN rich reasonably
They were reasonably rich people,

kom tapishko daen pale kii-wiiki-wak:

kom tapishko dañ palee kii-wiiki-w-ak:
as kind.of in palace.M.S PST-live.AI-IND.3-PL

1
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

they were living in a kind of castle:

enn gran, gran maenzon aan rosh.

en graañ, graañ maeñzooñ aañ rosh.
INDEF.F.S big.M big.M house.F.INAN in stone
a big, big stone house.

Ee-oshch-ikaat-eek anima la maenzon,

Ee-osh(ih)ch-ikaatee-k anima la maeñzooñ,
CNJ-make.AIt-MED.II-CNJ.0S that.INAN DEF.F.S house.F.INAN
This house had been built thus,

ee-oshikaat-eek kayaash dan langleteer.

ee-osh-ikaatee-k kayaash dan lañgleteer.
CNJ-make.AIt-MED.II-CNJ.0S long.time in England
it had been built thus a long time ago in England.

Iyave yaenk la rosh kahkiyaw keekwee kaa-oshtaa-cik lii maenzon

Iyave yaeñk la rosh kahkiyaaw keekwee kaa-osh(ih)taa-c-ik lii maeñzooñ
there.was only DEF.F.S stone.F.AN all what CNJ-make.AIt-CNJ.3-PL ART.PL house.F.INAN
It was only stones, all over the place. When they made houses,

avec lii rosh kii-aapachihee-wak kishpi ee-waashkahikee-cik.

avec lii rosh kii-aapachihee-w-ak kishpi ee-waashkahikee-c-ik.
with ART.PL stone.F.AN PST-be.used.AI-IND.3-PL at.that.time CNJ-make.houses.AI-CNJ.3-PL
they used rocks at that time when they built houses.

Safek awa lom, enn espes di rwe kaa-itaa-naan,

Safek awa lom, en espes di rwe kaa-it-aa-naan,
so this.AN man.M.AN INDEF.F.S kind.F.S of king.M.AN CNJ-say.TA-PASS.AI-IND.1PL.INCL
So this man, we call him a kind of a king,

site aen nom baen site

site aeñ nom baeñ site
it.was INDEF.M.S man.M.AN good it.was
he was a well-off man.

aen lord, kaa-kii-itaa-cik kayaash li mond.

aeñ lord, kaa-kii-it-aa-c-ik kayaash li mooñd.
INDEF.M.S lord.M.AN CNJ-PST-say.TA-PASS.AI-IND.3-PL long.time.ago DEF.M.S people.M.AN
he was a “lord”, as the people would say long time ago.

Sa faam, sa pramyer faam kii-wanih-eew

Sa faam, sa pramyer faam kii-wanih-ee-w
3POSS.F.S woman.F.AN 3POSS.F.S first woman PST-loose.TA-DIR-IND.3<4
He had lost his wife, his first wife

eekwa kiihtwam kii-wiiw-eew kii-wiikim-eew onhin la faam-a.

eekwa kiihtwam kii-wiiwi-w kii-wiikim-ee-w ooñhiñ la faam-a.
and.now again PST-take.wife.AI-IND.3S PST-marry.TA-DIR-IND.3>4 this.OBV DEF.F.S woman.F.AN-OBV
and now he had remarried. He had remarried this woman.

Siten enn moves faam, enn moves faam,

Site en moves faam, en moves faam,
she.was INDEF.F.S bad woman.F.AN INDEF.F.S bad woman.F.AN
She was a bad woman. A bad woman.

kii-machi-manitowi-w ana la faam,

2
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

kii-machi-manito-wi-w ana la faam,

PST-wicked-spirit-be.AI-IND.3S that.AN DEF.F.S woman.F.AN
She was a real devil, this woman. She was.

pi ilave trwaa fiy ana kii-ayaw-eew la faam,

pii ilave trwaa fiiy ana kii-ay-aw-ee-w la faam,
and there.were three daughter that.AN PST-have.AI-TA-DIR-IND.3>4 DEF.F.S woman.F.AN
And she had three daughters, this woman,

pi lii pchit fiy, lii fiy anikik site lii fiy pa drol
pii lii pchit fiiy, lii fiiy anikik site lii fiiy pa drol
and ART.PL little.F daugther.F.AN ART.PL girl.F.AN those.AN it.was ART.PL daughter.F.AN NEG funny
and these girls, these girls were not nice.

kii-machi-manitowi-wak wishtawaw.
kii-machi-manito-wi-w-ak wishta-waw.
PST-wicked-spirit-be.AI-IND.3-PL 3.EMP-PL
They too were mean.

Kii-kakwayikeeyimee-wak sakwa la pchit fiy awa, la Sandrieuz.

Kii-kakwaayik-eeyim-ee-w-ak sakwa la pchit fiiy awa, la Sandrieuz.
PST-great.hate-do.by.think.TA-DIR-IND.3>4-PL and.so DEF.F.S little.F girl.F.AN this.AN DEF.F.S Sandrieuz
They really hated the little girl this Cinderella.

kii-kwaayikeeyimee-wak la pchit fiy awa

kii-kawaayik-eeyim-ee-w-ak la pchit fiiy awa
PST-great.hate-do.by.think.TA-DIR-IND.AI.3>4-PL DEF.F.S little.F girl.F.AN this.AN
They abused this little girl

(ee)kii-kitamahee-wak sakwa
kii-kitamah-ee-w-ak sakwa
PST-abuse.TA-DIR-IND.3>4 and.so
They treated her badly

eeka la Sandrieuz o-paapa-wa ekota kaa-ayaa-yi-t.

eeka la Sandrieuz o-paapa-wa ekota kaa-ayaa-yi-t.
NEG DEF.F.S Sandrieuz 3-dad-POSS there CNJ-be.at.AI-POSS.SBJ-CNJ.3S
when Cinderella’s father was not there

Kii-atoshkahee-wak
Kii-atoshkaa-h-ee-w-ak
PST-work.AI-CAUS.TA-DIR-IND.3>4-PL
They made her work

parey kom aen nisklaav kii-kitimahee-wak.

paree kom aeñ nisklaav kii-kitimah-ee-w-ak.
similarly like INDEF.M.S slave.M.AN PST-abuse.TA-DIR-IND.3>4-PL
just like a slave. They abused her.

Namoya lii bitaen eekwa kii-miyee-wak.

Namoya lii bitaeñ eekwa kii-miy-ee-w-ak.
NEG ART.PL cloth.M.INAN also PST-give.TA-DIR-IND.3>4-PL
And they did not give her any clothes.

Lii bitaen kii-kishkam-wak li bel rob kahkiyaw keekwee

Lii bitaeñ kii-kishk-am-w-ak lii bel rob kahkiyaw keekwee
ART.PL cloth.M.INAN PST-wear.TI-THE.TI-IND.3-PL ART.PL nice.F dress.F.INAN all that
They wore the clothes, all the beautiful dresses.

3
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

pi lii fiy anikik kii-tipeeyimee-wak Cinderella la Sandrieuz-a

pii lii fiiy anikik kii-tipeeyim-ee-w-ak Cinderella la Sandrieuz-a
and ART.PL girl.F.AN those.AN PST-command.TA-IND.3>4-PL Cinderella DEF.F.S Sandrieuz-OBV
And those daughters were bossing around Cinderella. They gave Cinderella orders all the time

kii-mamishim-ee-wak maana la Sandrieuz awa kii-kitimah-ikocik ashay.

kii-mamishim-ee-w-ak maana la Sandrieuz awa kii-kitimah-iko-c-ik ashay.
PST-RED-tell.on.TA-DIR-IND.3>4-PL.SBJ usually DEF.F.S Sandrieuz this.AN PST-abuse.TA-INV-CNJ.4>3-PL.SBJ already
They always used to tell on Cinderella as if Cinderella abused them.

Safek o-maamaa-yiwiwa-wa la faam ana,

Safek o-maamaa-yi-wi-wa la faam ana,
therefore 3-mother-POSS.SBJ-be.AI-3S DEF.F.S woman.F.S that.AN
So this woman who was supposed to be her mother,

kii-kichinoochihee-w ee-pakamahwaa-t.
kii-kichi-noochih-ee-w ee-pakamahw-aa-t.
PST-big-treat.badly.TA-DIR-IND.3>4 CNJ-hit.TA-DIR-CNJ.3>4
always treated her badly, hitting her.

Kii-kitimahee-w anihi Sandrieuz-a

Kii-kitimah-ee-w anihi Sandrieuz-a
PST-abuse.TA-DIR-IND.3>4 this.OBV Sandrieuz-OBV
She abused this Cinderella.

EXCERPT 2

kitahtawee piko taanshitikwe kaa-ishpayihk,

kitahtawee piko taanishi eetikwe kaa-ishpayi-k
suddenly but how NEG CNJ-happen.INTR-CNJ.II.0
One day, however, I don’t know how it happened,

la Sandrieuz opaapaawa miina kiiwaniheew.

la Sandrieuz o-paapaa-wa miina kii-wanih-ee-w.
DEF.F.S Sandrieuz 3-father.M.AN-POSS also PST-lose.TA-DIR-IND.3S
Cinderella lost her father as well.

Kiinipiw ana lom, lom ana kiinipiw

kii-nipi-w ana lom, lom ana kii-nipi-w
PST-die.AI-IND.3S that.AN man.M.AN man.M.AN that.AN PST-die.AI-IND.3S
He died, this man died.

ekoshi, taandee chiwiikit?

ekoshi, taandee chi-wiiki-t?
so where CNJ-live.AI-3S
Then, where was she to live?

fule chi-wiicheeyaamaat onhin.

fule chi-wiichee-am-aa-t ooñhiñ
had.to CNJ-live.with.TA-APP.TA-DIR-CNJ.3>4 these.AN.OBV
She had to live with those people.

la vyey ana,
la vyey ana
DEF.F.S old.woman.F.AN that.AN

4
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

The old lady,

Cinderella site pa omaamaawa

Cinderella, site pa o-maamaa-wa
Cinderella was NEG 3-mother.F.AN-POSS
she was not Cinderella’s mother,

me kii-ohpikihikohk, kaa-itwaanaan
me kii-ohpikih-iko-hk ki-itw-aan-aan
but PST-raise.TA-INV-INDEF.AC 2-say.AI-IND.2.INCL-PL
but she was the one who had raised her, as we say,

parey kom kaa-itwaayaahk

paree kom kaa-itw-aa-yaahk
similarly as CNJ-say-DIR-CNJ.TA.1PL>3S
As it was told to us.

Sa stepmother anihi kiiyaayi

Sooñ stepmother anihi kii-yaayi
3POSS.M.S stepmother.F.AN that.AN.OBV PST-???
her stepmother she, ehm,

kii-chiishiheew lom-a
kii-chiishih-ee-w lom-a
PST-fool.TA-DIR-IND.3>4 man.M.AN-OBV
she had fooled the man

avan chi-nipi-yit, itwew

avan chi-nipi-yi-t, itee-w
before CNJ-die.AI-OBV.S-CNJ.3S say.AI-IND.3S
before he had died, it is said.

“Ga-miyokanawaapamaaw
“Ni-a-miyo-kanawaapam-aa-w
1-FUT-good-look.after.TA-DIR-IND.3>4
“I will take good care of her”

ga-miyeukanaweeyimaaw ta fiy
ni-ka-miyo-kanaweeyim-aa-w ta fiiy
1-FUT-good-take.care.TA-DIR-IND.SAP>3 2POSS.F.S daughter.F.AN
I will keep your daughter well.

kaya naandaw iteyihta

kaya naandaw iteeyiht-a
NEG.IMP anything think.TI-IMP.2S
Don’t worry about that.

ta fiy mitoni gakanaweeyimaaw

ta fiiy mitoni ni-ka-kanaweeyim-aa-w
2POSS.F.S daughter.F.AN really 1-FUT-take.care.TA-DIR-IND.SAP>3
I will take care of your daughter very well.

kamiyoayaaw avek niyanaan.”

ka-miyo-ayaa-w avek niyaa-naan.”
FUT-good-to.be.AI-IND.3S with 1-PL
She will be well with us."

“Gamiyokanawaapamaanaan.”

5
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

“Ni-ka-miyo-kana-waapam-aa-n-aan.”
1-FUT-good-after-look.TA-DIR-IND.SAP>3-PL
“We will look after her very well.”

Maka kahkiyaashkit
Maaka (kaa-)kah-kiyaashki-t
but (CNJ-)-RED-lie.AI-CNJ.3S
But she was lying all the time

kiichiishiheew anihi lom-a ekoshi

kii-chiishih-ee-w anihi lom ekoshi
PST-fool.TA-DIR-IND.3>4 that.AN.OBV man.AN at.that.time
She deceived the man at that time.

Ekoshi, kwayesh kii-ishi-miyonipiw lom ana

Ekoshi, kwayesh kii-ishi-miyo-nipi-w lom ana
so correct PST-thus-good-die.AI-IND.3S man.M.AN that.AN
Thus, precisely, the man died in peace,

ekwa ekoshi kitahtawee piko mo wahyaaw ekota ohchi

eekwa ekoshi kitahtawee piko mo waahyaw eekota ohchi
at.that.point so suddenly but NEG far there from
that is when, one day, not far from there,

iyave aen rwe pi la renn

iyave aeñ rwe pii la ren
there.was INDEF.M.S king.M.AN and DEF.F.S queen.F.AN
there were a King and a Queen.

pi aen garson kii-ayawaaweewak

pii aeñ garsoñ kii-ayaw-ee-w-ak
and INDEF.M.S boy.M.S PST-have.TA-DIR-IND.3<4-PL
And they had a boy,

li praens awa.
li praens awa
DEF.M.S prince.M.AN this.AN
he was the prince.

Ekoshpi li mond kii-wiikihitowak

Ekoshpi li mooñd kii-wiiki-ito-w-ak
then DEF.M.S people.AN PST-marry.TA-REC.AI-IND.3>4-PL
At that time people married

kankisonte zheunn naandaw alantuur di vaen tan naandaw

kankisooñte zheunn naandaw alañtuur di vaeñ tan naandaw
when.they.were young about around of twenty year about
when they were young, when they were around twenty.

kii-mishkamaashowak
kii-mishk-am-aasho-w-ak
PST-find.TI-THE.TI-AC.FOC.AI-IND.3-PL
They found somebody for themselves

pi ekiiwikitochik sheemaak
pii ee-kii-wiki-ito-ch-ik sheemaak
and CNJ-PST-marry.TA-REC.AI-CNJ.3-PL now
and got married right away.

6
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

maaka ana li praens ilave

maaka ana li praeñs ilave
but that.AN DEF.M.S prince.M.AN had
But this Prince had...

ilite pleu vyeu kisa awa

ilite pleu vyeu kisa ana
he.was more old.M then.that this.AN
he was already older than that,

vaen deu, vaen trwaa zaan kii-ayaa-w

vaeñ deu, vaeñ trwaa zaañ kii-ayaa-w
twenty two, twenty three year PST-have.AI-IND.3S
he was 22, 23 years old.

Pi li rwe eekwa la renn iteewak

Pii li rwe eekwa la ren it-ee-w-ak
and DEF.M.S king.M.AN and DEF.F.S queen.F.AN say.TA-DIR-IND.3>4-PL.SBJ
And the King and the Queen said to him

“sapran chiwiikihitoyenn
“sapraañ chi-wiikih-ito-yen
it.is.necessary CNJ-marry.TA-REC.AI-CNJ.2S
“You have to get married.

naandaw ishipayiyaani
naandaw ishipayi-yaan-i
something.bad happen.II-CNJ.1S-COND
If something will happen to me,

ti vayet rwe pi tara pat faam

ti vayet rwe pii tara pat faam
you are.going.to.be king.M.AN and you.are.going.to.have NEG wife.F.AN
You will be King and you have no wife.

sapran enn faam chi-ayaawat

sapraañ en faam chi-aya-aw-a-t
it.is.neccessary INDEF.F.S wife.F.AN CNJ-have.AI-TA-DIR-CNJ.3>4
You have to have a wife.

lii zaanfaan sapran kiishta chi-ayaawaachik

lii zaañfaañ sapraañ kiishta chi-aya-aw-a-ch-ik
ART.PL children.AN it.is.necessary you.too CNJ-have.AI-TA-DIR-CNJ.SAP>3-PL.OBJ
You too have to have children.

namawiyek apre chi-otinahk opachip

(na)m(o)-awiyek apre chi-otin-ahk opachip
NEG-somebody after CNJ-take.TI-CNJ.INDEF.AC ???
There is nobody to take over,

chi-kanaweehtahk oma not palae

chi-kanaweeyiht-ahk oma not palee
CNJ-look.after.TI-CNJ.3S this.INAN 1POSS.PL palace.M.INAN
To look after our palace

pi tut notr terraen, noo sarvaan

pii tut not terraeñ, noo sarvaañ

7
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

and all 1POSS.PL property.M.INAN 1POSS.PL servant.M.AN

and all our land, our servants,

pi kahkiyaw noo solda.

pii kahkiyaw noo soldaa.
and all 1POSS.PL soldier.M.AN
and all our soldiers:

Sapran awiyek chikanaweyihtahk

Sapraañ awiyek chi-kanaweeyiht-ahk
it.is.necessary somebody look.after.TI-CNJ.3S
we need somebody to take care of it.

lii zanimo, lii zhvoo kishkohaanaanik

lii zanimoo, lii zhvoo ki-shkoh-aa-naan-ik
ART.PL animal.M.AN ART.PL horses.M.AN 2-???-DIR-IND.1&2>3-PL.OBJ
We have a lot of cattle and horses.

kitipeehteenaan anmas li terraen

ki-tipeeyiht-en-aan aañmas li terraeñ
2-own.TI-IND.non3-PL.INCL a.lot.of DEF.M.S property.M.INAN
We own a lot of land.

kitipeehteenaan ota.
ki-tipeeyiht-en-aan oota.
2-own.TI-IND.non3-PL.INCL here
We own it around here.

Lii pesan okik eekwa atoshkeewak

Lii pesaañ ookik eekwa atoshkee-w-ak
ART.PL peasant.M.AN these.AN and work.AI-IND.3-PL
Those peasants are working.

Sapra chitipeeyimaachik
Sapraañ chi-tipeeyim-a-ch-ik
it.is.necessary CNJ-rule.TA-DIR-CNJ.SAP>3-PL.OBJ
You will have to own them.

katipeeyihteen kahkiyaw oma.

ka-(ki-)tipeeyiht-en kahkiyaw oma.
FUT-(2-)rule.TI-IND.non3 all this.INAN
You will have to pay all of that.

kiya kamiyitinaan
kiya (ki-)ka-miy-iti-n-aan
you.EMPH (2-)FUT-give.TA-INV.1>2-IND.non3-PL.INCL
We give it to you,

sapra maaka chi-wiikihitoyen. Taapwee.

sapraañ maaka chi-wiikih-ito-yen. Taapwee.
it.is.neccessary but CNJ-marry.TA-REC.AI-CNJ.2S truly
But then you will have to get married.” It is true.

Tudaenku li rwe itweew:

todaeñkuu li rwe itwee-w
suddenly DEF.M.S king.M.AN say.AI-3S
Suddenly the King said:

8
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

“Kiishpin kiwiiweewin,
Kiishpin ki-wii-wiw-in
if IND-INT-take.wife.AI-IND.2S
“If you want to take a wife,

sapran enn mesazh kashipweetishahamaahk ota

sapraañ en mesazh ka-shipwee-tishah-amaahk oota
it.is.necessary IND.F.S message.F.INAN CNJ-away-send.TI-CNJ.1PL.EXCL here
I will have a message to be sent away here

kahkiyaw ookik lii fiy eekwanikik

kahkiyaw ookik lii fiiy eekwaanikik
all these.AN ART.PL daughter.F.AN those.AN
to all the girls.

wiishtawaaw kaakahkihcheyahkichik
wiishta-waaw kaa-kishchee(tee)ht-aa-ch-ik
them.EMPH-PL CNJ-respect.TA-PASS.AI-CNJ.3-PL
Those who are esteemed highly,

lii groo pale kaa-ayaachik wishtawaw.

lii groo palee kaa-ayaa-ch-ik wiishta-waw.
ART.PL big.M palace.M.INAN CNJ-have.AIt-CNJ.3-PL them.EMPH-PL
those who have big palaces.

Ekuta awiyak ka-kakweemishkaawaaw,

eekota awiyak (ki)-ka-kakwee-mishk-aw-aa-w,
then somebody (2-)FUT-try-find.TR-TA-DIR-IND.SAP>3
There you will try to find someone,

enn faam
en faam
INDEF.F.S wife.F.AN
a wife

Pi kawiihkohkaanaan
Pii (ki-)ka-wiihkohk-aan-aan
and (2-)FUT-invite.people.to.feast.AI-IND.SAP-PL.INCL
And we will invite people for a feast,

kawiihkomaanaanik chi-peeniimichik
(ki-)ka-wiihkom-aa-naan-ik chi-pee-niim-i-chik
(1&2-)FUT-invite.people.to.feast.TA-DIR-IND.SAP>3-PL.OBJ CNJ-come-dance.AI-CNJ.3-PL
we will invite them to come and dance.

enn bal, enn gros bal ka-ushtaanaan

en bal, en gros bal (ki-)ka-oshihtaa-n-aan
INDEF.F.S ball.F.INAN IND.F.S. big.F ball.F.INAN (1&2-)FUT-prepare.AIt-IND.SAP-PL
A Ball, a Grand Ball we will organize,

enn gros bal eekwanima

en gros bal eekwa anima
INDEF.F.S big.F ball.F.INAN and that.INAN
this Grand Ball.

site lii gros dans ekoshpi

site lii gros dans ekoshpi
there.were ART.PL big.F dance.F.INAN at.the.time

9
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

They held big dances at that time.

lii gros dans kii-ushihtaawak

lii gros dans kii-oshiihtaa-w-ak
ART.PL large.F dance.F.INAN PST-prepare.AIt-IND.3-Pl
They organized big dances,

enn gros gros silibraasyon

en gros gros silibraasyoñ
INDEF.F.S big.F big.F celebration.F.INAN
A really big celebration.

mihceet kiinipaheewak
mishcheet kii-nipaa-h-ee-w-ak
many PST-kill.AI-CAUS.TA-DIR-IND.3>4-PL.SBJ
They slaughtered many

lii vash, lii koshon, lii pul,

lii vash, lii kwashooñ, lii pul,
ART.PL cow.F.AN ART.PL pig.M.AN ART.PL chicken.M.AN
cows, pigs and chickens,

kahkiyaaw chi-miichichik la maanzhee aan mas

kahkiyaaw chi-miichi-ch-ik la maañzhii aañ mas
all CNJ-eat.AIt-CNJ.3-PL DEF.F.S food.F.INAN in great.quantity
all for them to eat. There was lots of food.

mihcheet li moond safek taapwee

mischeet li mooñd safek taapwee
many DEF.M.S people.M.AN so it.is.true
and many people, really.

EXCERPT 3

iyonve pat telefoon ekoshpi

iyooñve pat telefooñ ekoshpii
they.had NEG telephone.M.INAN at.the.time
At that time they did not have telephones.

pi iyonve pat lii let chishiipweechahahkik

pii iyooñve pat lii let chi-shipweeht-ah-ahk-ik
and they.had NEG ART.PL letter.F.INAN CNJ-send.TI-?-CNJ.TI.3-PL
And they did not have letters to send things around.

kiikwee ekoshpi li mond maana kiipimbahteewak

keekwee ekoshpii li mooñd maana kii-pimbahtaa-w-ak
something at.the.time DEF.M.S people.M.AN usually PST-run.AI-IND.3-PL
At that time people would run around

baendon aan zhwal eepaawihtamaawachik awiyak

obaeñdoñ aañ zhwal ee-paa-wiht-am-aw-aa-ch-ik awiyak
or in horse.M.AN CNJ-come-tell-THE.TI-TA-DIR-CNJ.3>4-PL.SBJ someone
or have someone on horseback to announce news

chipaawiihkohkeechik. Taapwee
chi-paa-wiihkohkee-ch-ik. Taapwee

10
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

CNJ-come-invite.people.to.feast.AI-CNJ.3-PL really
to invite people to come. Really.

la faam awa kaa-ohpikihaat Cinderella

la faam awa kaa-ohpikih-aa-t Cinderella
DEF.F.S woman.F.AN this.AN CNJ-raise.TA-DIR-CNJ.3>4 Cinderella
The woman who raised Cinderella

kii-wiihkomikaashow,
kii-wiihkom-ikaashoo-w,
PST-invite.TA-MED.AI-IND.3S
was invited for the feast,

pii sii fiy kii-wihtamaaweew

pii sii fiiy kii-wiht-am-aw-ee-w
and 3POSS.PL girl.F.AN PST-say-THE.TI-TA-DIR-IND.3>4
and she told her daughters about it.

maaka iteehtam
maaka iteeiht-am
but think.TI-THE.TI
But she thought

eeka Cinderella la Sandrieuz epeehtaakut

eeka Cinderella la Sandrieuz ee-peeht-aakwa-t
NEG Cinderella DEF.F.S Sandrieuz CNJ-hear.TI-PRED.II-CNJ.3S
little Cinderella should not hear it. (lit. that it is not heard (by)
Cinderella)

maka Sandrieuz kiipehtaweew

maaka Sandrieuz kii-peht-aw-ee-w
but Sandrieuz PST-hear.TI-TA-DIR.-IND.3>4
But Cinderella heard her

kiimonchiwihtamawaat
(ee-)kiimoochi-wiht-am-aw-aa-t
(CNJ-)secretly-tell-THE.TI-TA-DIR-CNJ.3>4
when she was telling it secretly

anihi lii fiy

anihi lii fiiy
those.AN.OBV ART.PL girl.F.AN
to the girls.

Pi sii fii kiimayatishiyiw

Pii sii fiiy kii-mayiaatishi-w
and 3POSS.PL girl.F.AN PST-be.awful.AI-IND.3S
And her girls were not pretty.

si lii fiy led

si lii fiiy led
it.is ART.PL girl.F.AN ugly
They were ugly girls.

iyonve li gran zaray, li gros babinn

iyonve lii graañ zaray, lii gros babin
they.had ART.PL big.M ear.M.INAN ART.PL big.F lip.F.INAN
They had big ears, big lips.

11
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

kiimayaatishiwak. Isonte lii fiy led

kii-mayiaatishi-w-ak. Izooñte lii fiiy led
PST-be.ugly.AI-IND.3-PL they.were ART.PL girl.F.AN ugly
They were not good looking. They were ugly girls.

maka Cinderella, la Sandrieuz awa,

maaka Cinderella, la Sandrieuz awa,
but Cinderella DEF.F.S Cinderella this.AN
Cinderella, however,

sitenn bel fiy enn bel fiy

site en bel fiiy en bel fiiy
she.was INDEF.F.S pretty.F girl.F.AN INDEF.F.S pretty.F girl.F.AN
she was pretty, a pretty girl.

kiimiyonaakushiw. Sitenn bel bel pchit fiy

kii-miyo-inaakoshi-w. Sitet en bel pchit fiiy
PST-good-look.AI-IND.3S she.was INDEF.F.S pretty.F little.F girl.F.AN
She was good looking. She was a very pretty little girl.

taapwee la dans wii-itohtewak eekwa

taapwee la daañs wii-itohtee-w-ak eekwa
really DEF.F.S dance.F.INAN VOL-go.AI-IND.3-PL now
Really, now they would go to the dance.

Sapran lii rob chi-oshihtaachik

Sapraañ lii rob chi-oshihtaa-ch-ik
it.is.necessary ART.PL dress.F.INAN CNJ-make.AIt-IND.3-PL
They had to make dresses.

lii bel rob oonhin kii-oshihtaawak

lii bel rob ooñhiñ kii-oshihtaa-w-ak
ART.PL beautiful.F dress.F.INAN these.INAN PST-make.AIt-IND.3-PL
They were making beautiful dresses

chikishkahkik. Li rasaad, li paandaraj

chi-kishk-ahk-ik. Lii rasaad, lii paandaray
CNJ-wear.TI-CNJ.3-PL ART.PL bead.F ART.PL earring F.INAN
to wear. Beads, earrings

kahkiyaw kiikwee kiikishkamwak

kahkiyaaw keekwee kii-kishk-am-w-ak
all something PST-wear-THE-TI-IND.3-PL
They were wearing all kinds of things.

ekoshpi kahkiyaw kiikishkamwak

ekoshpi kahkiyaaw kii-kishk-am-w-ak
at.the.time all PST-wear-THE.TI-IND.3-PL
At that time they wore everything.

lii gros reuban dan leu zhveu

lii gros reubaañ dañ lii zhveu
ART.PL big.F ribbon.F.AN in ART.PL hair.INAN
Big ribbons in their hair

baen don kiikishkamwak kiikwee kom lii kuronn

12
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

obaeñdoñk kii-kishk-am-w-ak keekwee kom lii karon

or PST-wear-THE.TI-IND.3-PL something like ART.PL crown.F.INAN
or they wore things like crowns

ekushi aenkiishihuchik kayaash

ekoshi ee-kii-ishiho-ch-ik kayaash
and.then CNJ-PST-dress.AI-CNJ.3-PL long.time.ago
That is how they dressed a long time ago:

lii bel gran rob

lii bel graañ rob
ART.PL beautiful.F long.M dress.F.INAN
beautiful long dresses,

li gran rob baen kuloerii, lii bel rob

lii graañ rob baeñ kuleurii lii bel rob
ART.PL long.M dress.F.INAN well colorful ART.PL beautiful.F dress.F.INAN
colorful dresses, pretty dresses.

aan roon kiiushiteewan anihi lii rob

aañ rooñ kii-oshiht-ee-w-a anihi lii rob
in round PST-are.made-II-IND.3-PL those.INAN ART.PL dress.F.INAN
These dresses were made round.

wiishta awa la faam, wishta enn bel rob

wiishta awa la faam, wiishta en bel rob
she.too this.AN DEF.F.S woman.F.AN she.too INDEF.F.S pretty.F dress.F.INAN
The woman herself, she too had a beautiful

kishkam. Sii fiy chiwiikimaayit

kishk-am sii fiiy chi-wiikim-aa-yi-t
wear-THE.TI 3POSS.PL girlF.AN CNJ-to.marry.TA-DIR-OBV-CNJ.4S>5
dress. As she was trying to marry her daughters off

oonhin li praens-a
ooñhiñ li praens-a
these.AN.OBV DEF.M.S prince.M.AN-OBV
to this prince.

kaakweewiikitaheew
kaakwee-wiikihtaa-h-ee-w
try-get.married.AI-CAUS.TA-DIR-IND.3>4
She would try to let him marry one of them,

sii fiy kaakwee-meekit oonhin

sii fiiy kaakwee-meeki-t ooñhiñ
3POSS.PL girlF.AN try-give.away.AI-CNJ.3S these.AN.OBV
as she would try and give her daughters as his wife.

Cinderella wiya kitimaakoshiw.

Cinderella wiya kitimaa-koshi-w.
Cinderella she.EMP abuse-PRED.AI-IND.3S
Cinderella however was pitiful.

namo kakii-ituhtew wiya. Namo wihkomikaashow.

moya ka-kii-itohtee-w wiiya. moy(a) wihkom-ikaashoo-w.
NEG FUT-PST-go.AI-IND.3S she.EMP NEG invite.TA-MED.AI-IND.3S
She was not be able to go. She had not been invited.

13
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

“mahpo” iteehtam la faam “namo kishkeehtam”

mahpo iteeiht-am la faam namo kishkeeyiht-am
?? think.TI-THE.TI DEF.F.S woman.F.AN NEG knowTI-THE.TI
“She wouldn’t know,” the woman thought. “She does not know about it”,

itwew taapwee teepwaateewak la Sandrieuz

itwee-w taapwee teepwaa-t-ee-w-ak la Sandrieuz
say.AI-IND.3S really yell-TR-TA-IND.3>4-PL.SBJ DEF.F.S Sandrieuz
she said. Really, they were yelling at Cinderella

“not bitaen nata!”

“not bitaeñ naat-a!”
1POSS.PL cloth.M.INAN fetch.TI-IMP.2S
“Get our clothes!”

“shuushkohonn not rob!” Taapwee awa,

“shooshkwah-en not rob!” Taapwee awa,
iron-TI-IMP.2S 1POSS.PL dress.F.INAN really this.AN
“Iron our dresses!” Really

Fule trwa lii fiy eekwa la faam

Fule trwaa lii fiiy eekwa la faam
it.was.needed three ART.PL girl.F.AN and DEF.F.S woman.F.AN
The three girls and the woman,

omaamaawa fule chi-mitoni-chimiyohooyit

o-maamaa-wa fulee chi-mitoni chi-miyo-ho-yi-t
3.mother.POSS it.was.needed CNJ-really CNJ-good-dress.AI-OBV-CNJ.3S
their mother, they had to be dressed very nicely.

chi-miyonaakushiyit so taapwee
chi-miyo-naakoshi-yi-t so taapwee
CNJ-good-look.AI-OBV-CNJ.3S so really
So that they would look good really.

Me li boo zhvoo ayaaweew awa la faam awa

Mee lii boo zhvoo aya-aw-ee-w awa la faam awa
but ART.PL beautiful.M horses.M.AN have.AI-TA-DIR-IND.3S this.AN DEF.F.S woman.F.AN this.AN
But she had good horses, this woman.

Li boo zhvoo kii-ayaaweew awa la faam rish

Lii boo zhvoo kii-aya-aw-ee-w awa la faam rish
ART.PL beautiful.M horses.M.AN PST-have.AI-TA-DIR-IND.3S this.AN DEF.F.S woman.F.AN rich
This rich woman had good horses

Site lii zhvoo anihi Cinderella opaapaawa sii zhvoo

Site lii zhvoo anihi Sandrieuz o-paapaa-wa sii zhvoo
it.was ART.PL horses.M.AN those.AN.OBV Sandrieuz 3-father-POSS 3POSS.PL horses.M.AN
These horses were Cinderella’s father’s horses.

kahkiyaaw sii vwacheur otaapaheew anihi

kahkiyaaw sii vwacheur otaapah-ee-w anihi
all 3POSS.PL carriage.F.AN ride.TA-DIR-IND.3>4 those.AN.OBV
Also all the carriages She was riding them,

sii boo zhvoo iyave aen servan

14
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

sii boo zhvoo iyave aeñ sarvaañ

3POSS.PL beautiful.M horses.M.AN there.was INDEF.M.S servant.M.AN
his good horses. She had a servant.

iyave lii boo zhvoo.

iyave lii boo zhvoo.
there.was ART.PL beautiful.M horses.M.AN
They had good horses.

kii-shipweepayiwak la
kii-shipwee-payi-w-ak la
PST-leave-move.AI-IND.3-PL DEF.F.S
And they took off,

asphinaen dan la bal oma

ashpi-n-aan dañ la baal oma
go.away.AI-IND.3-PL to DEF.F.S ball.F.INAN this.INAN
Away to the ball.

ee-ituhteechik da li gran palae.

ee-itohtee-ch-ik dañ li graañ palee.
CNJ-go.AI-CNJ.3-PL to DEF.M.S big.M palace.M.INAN
They went to the big palace.

safek Sandrieuz wiya maatoow, namoya shipweehteehikaashow

safek Sandrieuz wiya maatoo-w, namo shipweehtee-h-ikaashoo-w
so Sandrieuz 3.EMP cry.AI-IND.3S NEG leave.AI-INCR.TA-MED.AI-IND.3S
So Cinderella, she was crying. They had not taken her along.

maatoow kashkeeyihtam
maatoo-w kashkeeiht-am
cry.AI-IND.3S be.sad.TI-THE.TI
She was crying. She was sad about it.

kashkeeyimeew omaamaawa, opaapaawa

kashkeeim-ee-w o-paapaa-wa
miss.TA-DIR-IND.3S 3.father.POSS
She missed her mother, her father.

maachi-kishkishiw o-paapaa-wa. “Baapaa kiinipiw

maachi-kishkishi-w o-paapaa-wa. “B(p)aapaa kii-nipoo-w
begin-remember.AI-IND.3S 3-father-POSS father PST-dieAI-IND.3S
She started to think about her father. “My father is dead.

gitimaakishin, beyaakon
ni-kitimaak-ishi-n, ni-peyaako-n
1-miserable-AI-IND.non3.S 1-be.alone.AI-IND.non3.S
I am pitiful, I am alone!

gitimaahikaawin.”
kitimaah-ikaawi-n.”
abuse.TA-PASS.AI-IND.1S.
I am abused!”

EXCERPT 4

Tudaenku la faam awa

15
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

tudaeñku la faam awa

suddenly DEF.F.S woman.F.AN this.AN
Suddenly this woman

lii mazhii gaa-ush(ih)tachik

lii maazhii kaa-osh(ih)taa-ch-ik
ART.PL magic REL-make.AIt-CNJ.3-PL
who is able to perform magic appeared.

kitahtawee kaawaapamaat oonhin la faam-a

kitahtawee kaa-waapam-aa-t ooñhiñ la faam-a
suddenly REL-see.TA-DIR-CNJ.3S>4 this.OBV DEF.F.S woman.F.AN-OVB
Suddenly she saw this woman.

ekota niipawiw awa la faam

ekota niipawi-w awa la faam
there stand.AI-IND.3S this.AN DEF.F.S woman.F.AN
There was this woman standing.

iyave son bwaa anima

iyave sooñ bwaa anima
there.was 3POSS.M.S stik.M.INAN that.INAN
She had this stick of hers.

aen pchi bwa aan noor kii-ayaaw

aeñ pchi bwaa aañ noor kii-ayaa-w
INDEF.M.S little.M stick.M.INAN in gold PST-have.AIt-IND.3S
She had a little golden stick

Ekwanahi enn faam aan mazhii

Eekwa en faam aañ maazhii
then INDEF.F.S woman.F.AN in magic
She was a fairy

sii mazhii ushihtaat awa la

sii maazhii oshihtaa-t awa la
3.POSS.PL magic.INAN make.AIt-CNJ.3S that.AN DEF.F.S
who performs magic.

sit' enn bonn... enn bonn faam

sitet en bon… en bon faam
it.was INDEF.F.S good INDEF.F.S good woman.F.AN
It was a good person, a good woman.

Nawachiku la Sandrieuz sheek(ih)ikow

Nawachiko la Sandrieuz sheekih-iko-(t)
to.some.extent DEF.F.S Sandrieuz scare.TA-INV-CNJ.4>3
To some extent Cinderella was scared by her.

kushtam. Kikway uuma?

kosht-am. Keekwee oma?
to.be.afraid.TI-THE.TI what this.INAN
She was afraid. “What is that?"

Taanshi eekwa chi-ishipayiyaan? Taanshi eekwa chi-ishpayihk?

Taanshi eekwa chi-ishipayi-yaan? taanshi eekwa chi-ishpayi-k?
how then CNJ-happen.AI-CNJ.1S how then CNJ-happen.II-CNJ.0S
What is going to happen to me now? What is going to happen?

16
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Ganipon ahpo eetikwee.

ni-ka-nipo-n eetikwee.
1S-FUT-die.AI-IND.1S apparently
Maybe I am going to die.

enn aanzh chi awa ee-peenaashit?”

en aañzh chiiñ awa ee-pee-naashi-t?”
INDEF.F.S angel.F.AN Q that.AN CNJ-come-fetch.TA-CNJ.3>1
Is she an angel who has come to get me?”

Iteehtam eeniput
iteeiht-am-Ø ee-nipo-t
think.TI-THE.TI-IND.3S CNJ-die.AI-CNJ.3S
She thought she was going to die.

Maaka la faam awa itew: “Kaya sheekishi!

maaka la faam awa itee-w: “Kaaya sheeki-sh-i!
but DEF.F.S woman.F.AN that.AN say.AI-IND.3S IMP.NEG fear-be.AI-IMP
But this woman said: “Have no fear for me!

Kaya kushta!” Aen-peewiichihitaan, itweew

kaaya kosht-a!” Ni-ka-pee-wiichih-it-aan, itwee-w
IMP.NEG afraid.TI-IMP 1-FUT-come-help.TA-DIR-CNJ.1>2 say.AI-3S
Don’t be afraid!” “I have come to help you,” she said.

La Sandrieuz wiya
la Sandrieuz wiiya
DEF.F.S Sandrieuz her
Cinderella,

kihchiwiinaniyiw sa rob
kihchi-wiinan-iyi-w sa rob
much-be.dirty.II-OBV.S-IND.0 3POSS.F.S dress.F.INAN
her dress was all dirty

ayish ee-atushkee-t
ayish ee-atoshkee-t
because CNJ-work.AI-CNJ.3S
because she worked so hard.

wiinaniyiw sa rob
wiinan-iyi-w sa rob
be.dirty.II-OBV.S-IND.0 3POSS.F.S dress.F.INAN
Her clothes had become dirty.

Tut dishirii, la rob anima

tut dishirii, la rob anima
all apart DEF.F.S dress.F.INAN that.INAN
All torn apart, that’s how her clothes were.

lii vyeu suyii kiikishkam

lii vyeu suyii kii-kishk-am
ART.PL old shoe.INAN PST.put.on.TI-THE.TI
She was wearing old shoes.

sii zhveu noochikowitew

sii zhveu noochiikoitew

17
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

3POSS.PL hair everywhere.II-IND.0

Her hair was all over the place.

sii zhveu onhin ayishpayiniyiw

sii zhveu ooñhiñ ash-payin-iyi-w
3POSS.PL hair those.INAN ?messed?-move.II-POSS.SBJ-IND.0
Her hair was all messed up,

ohpeeshtikwaneew ana la Sandrieuz

ohpw-ishtikwanee-w ana la Sandrieuz
up-head.AI-IND.3S this.AN DEF.F.S Sandrieuz
She has her head up in the air, Little Cinderella

“Ah baen,” itew, “Kiishpin kinuuhtetuhtaan la daans -

“Ah baeñ,” itee-w. “Kiishpin ki-noohte-itohtaa-n la daañs
INT good say.AI-IND.3S if 2-wish-go.AI-IND.non3 DEF.F.S dance.F.INAN
“Well,” she said, “If you wish to go to the dance -

kimaaton eewiituhteeyin
ki-maato-n ee-wii-itohtee-yen
2-cry.AI-IND.non3 CNJ-INT-go.AI-CNJ.2S
you are crying because you want to go to the

la dans,” itew, Ka-ituhtaan.

la dans,” itee-w, Ka-itohtaa-n
DEF.F.S dance.F.INAN say.AI-IND.3S FUT-go.AI-IND.non3
dance”, she said, “then you will go.

Kawiichiihitin.” La Sandrieuz itweew:

ka-wiichih-iti-n.” La Sandrieuz itwee-w
FUT-help.TA-INV-IND.1>2 DEF.F.S Sandrieuz say.AI-IND.3
I will help you.” Cinderella said to her:

“Maaka zha pat bitaen chi-ishinaakushiyaan”, iteew

“Maaka zha pat bitaeñ chi-ish-inaakoshi-yaan”, itee-w
but 1S NEG cloth.M.INAN CNJ-so-look.like.AI-CNJ.1S say.AI-IND.3S
“But I don’t have clothes to make me look good,” she said.

“Zha pat zhvoo. Pa mwayaen nete kaa-ituhteeyaan”,

“Zha pat zhvoo. Pa mwayaen neete kaa-itohtee-yaan”,
1S NEG horses.AN NEG way there CNJ-go.AI-CNJ.1S
“I have no horses. It is impossible for me to go there”,

itweew. “Awena kaa-itohtahit?

itwee-w. “Awena kaa-itohtaa-h-it?
say.AI-IND.3S who CNJ-go.AI-CAUS.TA-CNJ.3>1
she said. “who is going to take me there?”

“Baen,” itew: “Kamiyitin

“baen”, itee-w: “Ka-miyi-iti-n
good say.AI-IND.3S FUT-give.TA-INV-IND.1>2
“Well,” she said to her: “I will give it to you.

Kahkiyaw kaa-nihtaweehtaman
Kahkiyaaw kaa-nihtaw-eeyiht-aman itwee-w
everything CNJ-able-do.by.thinking.TI-IND.2S say.AI-IND.3S
Everything that you need,

18
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

kamiyitin,” itwew.
ka-miy-iti-n,” itwee-w.
FUT-give.TA-INV-IND.1>2 say.AI-IND.3S
I will give you,” she said.

Enn shans taapweehtaweew

En shaañs taapw-eeiht-aw-ee-w
INDEF.F.S chance.F.INAN truth-do.by.thinking.TI-TA-DIR-IND.3>4
A lucky thing that she believed her.

Kiyaam taapweehtaweew
Kiyaam taapw-eeiht-aw-ee-w
OK truth-do.by.thinking.TI-TA-TA.DIR-3>3'
That is OK, she believed her.

“gawiichihik”, itwew
“ni-ka-wiichih-ik”, itwee-w
1-FUT-help.TA-IND.INV.3>1 say.AI-IND.3S
“She will help me”, she said

“Kaskihtaa-chi gaawiichihik”, itwew,

“Kaskaskihtaa-ch-ik ni-ka-wiichih-ik”, itwee-w,
be.able.AI-CNJ.3-PL 1-FUT-help.TA-IND.INV.3>1 say.AI-IND.3S
If she can, she will help me,” she said.

“Ana ga-taapweehtawaaw”,
“Ana ni-ka-taapw-eeiht-aw-aa-w”,
that.AN 1-FUT-truth-do.by.thinking.TI-TA-DIR-IND.1>3
“I will believe her”.

iteehtam chi-ka-kiyaashkimikut
it-eeiht-am chi-ka-kiyaashkim-iko-t
NULL-do.by.think.TI-THE.TI CNJ-FUT-lie.TA-INV-CNJ.4>3
She thought she had been lying to her.

taanshi ee-ohchi-payihk
taanishi chi-ishpayi-hk
what CNJ-happen.II-CNJ.3S
What is going to happen?

taanishi chikakii-ushihaat awa lii zhvoo

taanishi kaa-ishi-oshihaa-t awa lii zhvoo
what CNJ-so-make.AIt-CNJ.3S this.AN ART.PL horse.AN
How could she make those horses,

baendon aen servan baendon enn kariol.

baeñdooñ aeñ servaañ baeñdooñ en kariol
or INDEF.M.S servant.M.AN or DEF.F.S carriole.F.INAN
or a servant or, or a carriole,

baendon enn vwacheur? taanishi kaaishushihaat awa

baeñdooñ en vwacheur? taanishi kaa-ish-oshihaa-t awa
or INDEF.F.S carriage.F.INAN how CNJ-so-make.VAIt-CNJ.3S this.AN
or a carriage? When can she make all that?”

Iteyihtam
it-eeiht-am
NULL-think.TI-THE.TI

19
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

she thought.

EXCERPT 5

Taapwee, avek soo bwaa anima, Tawayiwa!

taapwee avek sooñ bwaa anima, ataawaa-yi-wa
in.truth with 3POSS.M.S stick.M.INAN that.INAN get.AI-obv-IND.4S
Really, with her magic stick there it was!

tahweew... eekoshi kaa-ishimiyohot

tahw-ee-w eekoshi kaa-ishi-miyoho-t
point.to.TA-DIR-IND.3S>4 right.away CNJ-so-well.dressed-CNJ.3S
She pointed at her. Right away she looked well!

parey kom enn praenses ilave dii bel rasaad

paree kom en praeñses ilave dii bel rasaad
similarly like INDEF.F.S princess.F.AN she.had INDEF.PL beautiful.F beads.F
Just like a princess. She had beautiful beads

pi dii pandaray pi enn bel kuronn

pii dii pandaray pii en bel kuron
and INDEF.PL earrings and INDEF.F.S beautiful.F crown.F.INAN
and earrings and a beautiful crown

kiiwaashishoow
kishii-waashi-shoo-w
intense-shine-AI.FIN-RFX.AI-IND.3S
She was really glittering.

la kuronn anima waashipayin

la kuronn anima waashi-payi-n
DEF.F.S crown.F.INAN that.INAN light-move.INTR-IND.II.0S
The crown was shining.

lii boo suyii oohii kishkam aan vit miina

lii boo suyii ooñhiiñ kishk-am-Ø aañ vit miina
ART.PL beautiful.M shoes.M.INAN these.INAN wear.TI-THE.TI-IND.3S in glass.F.INAN also
She was wearing beautiful shoes made of glass.

lii boo suyii kishkam

lii boo suyii kishk-am-Ø
ART.PL beautiful.M shoe.M.INAN wear.TI-THE.TI-IND.3S
She was wearing beautiful shoes.

iyave lii pchi pyii, awa la Sandrieuz

iyave lii pchi pyii awa la Sandrieuz
there.was ART.PL small.M feet.M.INAN this.AN DEF.F.S Sandrieuz
She had small feet, Cinderella.

Namo lii groo pyii kii-ayaaw

Namo lii groo pyii
NEG ART.PL big.M feet.M.INAN
She did not have big feet.

lii pchi pyii kii-ayaaw ana. “Baen,” itweew

lii pchi pyii kii-ayaa-w ana baeñ itw-ee-w

20
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

ART.PL small.M feet.M.INAN PST-haveAI-IND.3S that.AN well say.AI-IND.3S

She had small feet. “Well,” she said.

“Kamiyitin miina enn vwacheur

Ka-miy-iti-n miina en vwacheur
FUT-give.TA-INV.1>2 also INDEF.F.S car.F.INAN
“I will also give you a carriage,

enn kariol eekwa kamiyitin

en kariol eekwa ka-miy-iti-n
INDEF.F.S carriole.F.INAN and FUT-give.TA-INV-1>2
a carriole I will give you.

iyave aen gros sitruj nda ashteew

iyave aeñ gros sitruj anda ashtee-w
there.was INDEF.M.S big.F pumpkin.F.INAN there stand.II-IND.3S
There was a big pumpkin, it was right there

enn pumpkin ekuta tawaham eekwanima miina

en pumpkin ekota tawah-am-Ø eekwanima miina
INDEF.F.S pumpkin.F.INAN there point.TR-THE.TI-IND.3S that.INAN also
A pumpkin she pointed at that as well.

tawaham omishishi
tawah-am omishish
point.TR-THE.TI just.like.this
She pointed at it just like this

kitahtawee aen bel vwacheur eekuta

kiiitahtawee aeñ bel vwacheur eekota
suddenly.there.was INDEF.M.S beautiful.F carriage.F.INAN right.there
Suddenly there was a beautiful carriole.

Aen kariol ita kaa-aashteek

aeñ kariol ita kaa-aashtee-k
INDEF.M.S carriole.INAN there CNJ-stand.there.II-CNJ.3S
A beautiful carriole was standing there.

Baen, iyave pat zhvoo

Baeñ iyave pat zhvoo
well there.was NEG horses.AN
Well, she did not have horses.

Me iyave lii pchi frenn

me iyave dii pchi frend
but there.was INDEF.PL little.M friend.M.AN
But she had little friends.

Awa la...la Sandrieuz iyave lii pchi zamii,

awa la Sandrieuz iyave lii pchi zamii
this.AN DEF.F.S Sandrieuz there.was ART.PL little.M friend.M.AN
Cinderella had small friends,

lii pchi frenn. Lii surii kii-ayaweew

lii pchi frenn lii surii kii-ayaaw-ee-w
ART.PL little.M friend.M.AN ART.PL mice.M.AN PST-have.TA-DIR-IND.3S>4
small buddies. She had mice.

21
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

sis lii pchi surii kii-ayaweew.

sis lii pchi surii kii-ayaaw-ee-w
six ART.PL little.M mice.M.AN PST-have.AI-IND.3S
Six little mice, she had.

“Ah baen,” itweew

Ah baeñ itwee-w
ah well say.AI-IND.3S
“Well,” she (the fairy) said

Akwanikik savayet tii zhvoo”, itweew

Akwanikik savayet tii zhvoo itwee-w
those.AN it.will.be 2POSS.PL horses.AN say.AI.IND.3S
“Those ones will be your horses,” she said

Akwanikik savayet tii zhvoo.

Akwanikik savayet tii zhvoo
those.AN it.will.be 2POSS.PL horses.AN
“Those ones will be your horses

Blaan lii zhvoo ka-ayaawaawak, itweew,

blaañ lii zhvoo ka-ayaaw-aa-w-ak itwee-w
white ART.PL horse.AN FUT-have.TA-DIR-IND.SAP>3 say.AI-IND.3S
White horses you will have”, she said

avek lii boo harnwe miina

avek lii boo harnwe miina
with ART.PL beautiful.M harness.M as.well.as
“with good harnesses as well as

lii boo zartelaazh, itweew

lii boo zartelaazh, itwee-w
ART.PL beautiful.M bridles.M.INAN say.AI-IND.3S
good bridles”, she said.

“Kamiyitin kahkiyaw miina”, tahweew..

“Ka-miy-iti-n kahkiyaaw miina”, tahw-ee-w…
FUT.give.TA-DIR-IND.1>2 all as.well point.TA-DIR.3>4
“I will give you all that as well”, and she pointed..

Kitahtawee mænskuchipayiwak okik aan zhvoo

Kitahtawee maenskuchi-payi-w-ak ookik aañ zhvoo
suddently change-move.INTR-IND.AI.3-PL those.AN in horses.AN
Suddenly they turned into horses

lii boo zhvoo

lii boo zhvoo
ART.PL beautiful.M horses.M.AN
beautiful horses

sis lii boo zhvoo otaapaheew

sis lii boo zhvoo otaapah-ee-w
six ART.PL beautiful.M horses.M.AN drag.TA-DIR-IND.3>4
six good horses They were hitched to

uta dan la kariol, dan la vwacheur.

ota dañ la kariol, dañ la vwacheur.
here in DEF.F.INAN carriole.F.INAN in DEF.F car.F.INAN

22
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

the carriage, the carriole.

Taapwee awena chi-pamihaat eekwa

Taapwee awena chi-pamihaa-t eekwa
really who CNJ-drive.AI-CNJ.3S now
Really, who was now going to drive

ohi la kariol pi lii zhvoo?

oohiñ la kariol pii lii zhvoo?
these.AN.OBV DEF.F.S carriole.F.INAN and ART.PL horses.AN
this carriage and the horses?

Sapran awiyak chi-pamihaat. Iyave aen shyaen

sapraañ awiyak chi-pamihaa-t. Iyave aeñ shyaeñ
its.necessary someone CNJ-drive.AI-CNJ.3S there.was INDEF.M.S dog.M.AN
She needed someone to drive. There was a dog,

aen boo shyaen kii-ayaweew aen vyeu shyaen

aeñ boo shyaeñ kii-ayaw-ee-w aeñ vyeu shyaeñ
INDEF.M.S good.M dog.M.AN PST-have.TA-DIR-IND.3>4 INDEF.M.S old dog.M.AN
A good dog, she had an old dog

ana la Sandrieuz son shyaen

ana la Sandrieuz sooñ shyaeñ
that.AN DEF.F.S Sandrieuz. 3POSS.M.S dog.M.AN
It was Cinderella’s dog.

eekwa miina la faam twahikeew site ekwani

eekwa miina la faam twah-ikee-w site ekwani
now again DEF.F.S woman.AN.F point.TR-GEN.AI-IND.3S that.was that
Now again this woman pointed at things. That was the one

chi-paminaat lii zhvoo li draiv, ekwana lom

chi-paminaa-t lii zhvoo, li draiv, ekwana lom
CNJ-drive.AI-CNJ.3S ART.PL horses.AN DEF.M.S driver.INAN this man.AN
to drive the horses, the driver, this man

ekwana servan kii-miyohoow

ekwana servaañ kii-miyoho-w
this servant.AN PST-good.dress.AI-IND.3S
this servant was well dressed

miina lii boo bitaen kiikishkam

miina lii boo bitaeñ kii-kishk-am
and.also ART.PL beautiful.M clothes.M.INAN PST.wear.TI-THE.TI
He also had beautiful clothes

aen boo shapoo ana li ga, hee

aeñ boo shapoo ana li ga, hee
INDEF.M.S beautiful.M hat.M.INAN that.AN DEF.M.S guy.M.AN INT
A nice hat this guy had on.

lii boo gaan kahkiyaw. Ekuta pooshapiw

lii boo gaañ kahkiyaaw. Ekota poosh-api-w
ART.PL beautiful.M glove.M.INAN all there get.aboard-sit-IND.3S
He was wearing beautiful mittens and all. There he is sitting

dan li gran shiiz aan laer nete “Haw,” itweew

23
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

dañ li graañ shiiz aañ laer neete “Haw”, itwee-w

in DEF.M.S big.M chair.M.INAN in air there INT say.AI-IND.3S
in the big seat up there. “Haw!”, she said

“Pooshi kishta,” iteew “Pooshi nda.

“Poosh-i kiishta,” it-ee-w “Poosh-i anda
get.aboard.AI-IMP you.too say-DIR-IND-IND.3>4 get.aboard.AI-IMP there
“Embark, you too,” she said to her. Get in here.

Ta tii zhvoo, ta too servan

ta tii zhvoo, ta tii servaañ
you.have 2POSS.PL horses.AN you.have 2POSS.PL servant.AN
You have your horses, you have your servant

Ta ta vwacheur,” iteew
ta ta vwocheur itee-w
you.have 2POSS.F.S car.F.INAN say.AI-IND.3S
You have your carriage,” she said

“Ta pooshi eekwa, pooshapi,” itweew

“Ta poosh-i eekwa poosh-api,” itw-ee-w
you.have embark-IMP and.then get.aboard-sit-IMP say.TA-DIR-IND.3>4
Get in now, sit down inside,” she said.

“Yaenk enn shooz kawiihtamaatin,” itweew

“Yaeñk en shooz ka-wiihtam-aa-ti-n,” itw-ee-w
only INDEF.F.S thing.F.INAN FUT-tell.about.TI-TA-INV-IND.SAP>3 say.TA-DIR-3>4
“There is only one thing I have to tell you,” she said.

“Aashey sitaar oma la,” itweew.

“Aashey si taar oma la,” itw-ee-w
already it.is late this.INAN ??? say.TA-DIR-IND.3>4
“It is already late now,” she said

Kayaash kamaachipayik anima li bal,” iteew

Kayaash ka-maachi-payi-k anima li bal,” itee-w
long.ago CNJ-start-move.INTR-CNJ.II.0 that.INAN DEF.M.S ball.M.INAN say.AI-IND.3S
A long time ago the Ball started,” she said to her

“Niimiwak uma ashey,” itweew.

“Niimi-w-ak oma ashey,” itw-ee-w
dance.AI-IND.3-PL this.INAN already say.TA-DIR-IND.3>4
“They are already dancing now,” she said.

“Maenwi kasheeweew ana la larloozh,” itweew,

“Maenwi ka-sheewee-w ana la larloozh ,” itw-ee-w,
midnight FUT-ring.II-IND.0 that.AN DEF.F.S clock.F.INAN say.TA-DIR-IND.3>4
“At midnight that clock will ring”, she said.

“duz fwe sapran kaasheeweet ana la lozh,” itweew

“duz fwe sapraañ kaa-sheewee-t ana la loozh,” itw-ee-w
twelve times it.takes CNJ-ring.II-CNJ.3S that.AN DEF.F.S clock.F.INAN say.TA-DIR-IND.3>4
“Twelve times it has to ring, this clock”, she said

“Sapran chi-peekiiweeyen
“Sapraañ chi-pee-kiiwee-yen
it.takes CNJ-come-be.home.AI-CNJ.2S
“Then you will have to come home.

24
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Sheemaak peekiiwee,” iteew

sheemaak pee-kiiwee,” itee-w
immediately come-be.home.AI.IMP say.AI-IND.3S
Go home immediately,” she said to her.

maka noo wiiwiihtamaweew

maka noo wii-wiiht-amaw-ee-w
but NEG VOL-tell.about.it-APP.TA-DIR-IND.3>4
But she did not tell her

taanishi chi-ishi-payihk kaya peekiiweechi.

taanishi chi-ishpayi-hk kaaya pee-kiiwee-t-i
in.what.way CNJ-happen.II-CNJ.0 do.not come-be.home.AI-CNJ.3S-SJ
what would happen if she did not come home.

EXCERPT 6

safek taapwee
safek taapwee
so really
So really

nda dan la dans, dan la bal nda

nda dañ la dans dañ la bal
there in DEF.F.S dance.F.INAN in DEF.F.S ball.F.INAN
there at the dance, at the ball,

li praens awa kahkiyaw anihi wichimushtaweew.

li praens awa kahkiyaaw anihi wichi-moshtawee-w.
DEF.M.S prince.M.AN that.AN all those.OBV together.with-dance.AI-IND.3S
the prince was dancing with all of them, he dances with them.

Niimiw avek anihi lii fiy anihi.

Niimi-w avek anihi lii fiiy anihi.
dance.AI-IND.3S with those.AN.OBV ART.PL girl.F.AN those.AN.OBV
He dances with these girls.

kaakweemishkawaat
(kaa-)kakwee-mishk-aw-aa-t
(CNJ-)try-find.TI-TA-CNJ.3S
He was going to try and find

Enn faam chi-wiikimaat

En faam chi-wiikim-aa-t
INDEF.F.S woman.F.AN CNJ-marry.TA-DIR-CNJ.3S
a woman to marry with.

me lii faam anihi

me lii faam anihi
but ART.PL woman.F.AN those.AN.OBV
But these women,

lii fiy anihi kaa-mayaatishichik

lii fiiy anihi kaa-mayaatishi-ch-ik
ART.PL girl.F.AN thoseAN.OBV CNJ-be.ugly.AI-CNJ.3-PL

25
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

these girls were all looking bad.

lii fiy led aniki ekuta ayaawaawak

lii fiiy led anikik ekota ayaa-w-ak
ART.PL girl.F ugly those.AN there be.there.AI-IND.3-PL
Those ugly girls were there.

shemaak wii kaakweemushtaweewak

shemaak wii-kakwee-moshtaw-ee-w-ak
right.away VOL-try-dance-AI-IND.3-PL
Immediately they were trying to dance

chikakweeniimit avek ana li praens tutdaenku

chi-kakwee-niimi-t avek ana li praens tudaenku
CNJ-try-dance.AI-CNJ.3S with that.AN DEF.M.S prince.M.AN suddenly
She tried to dance with the prince. Suddenly,

meekwach li praens awa aen-niimit

meekwach li praens awa ee-niimi-t
while DEF.M.S prince.M.AN this.AN one-dance.AI-CNJ.3S
while the Prince was dancing,

keekway peehtam
keekway peeht-am
what hear-THE-TI
he heard something

teepweew ana li gaa dan la port

teepwee-w ana li gaa dan la port
call.AI-IND.3S that.AN DEF.M.S man.M.AN in DEF.F.S door.F.INAN
The man at the door was calling.

iyave lii zom eekwa kanaweehtahkik la port

iyave lii zom eekwa kanaw-ee(yi)ht-ahk-ik la port
there.were ART.PL man.M.AN also look.after-do.by.mind.TI-CNJ.3-PL DEF.F.S door.F.INAN
There were men who guarded the door

nda niipawiwak oki lii solda

nda niipawi-w-ak ookik lii solda
there stand.AI-IND.3-PL these.AN ART.PL soldier.M
They were standing there, these soldiers

Iteew li rwe, iteew

It-ee-w li rwe, it-ee-w
say.TA-DIR-IND.3S>4 DEF.M.S king.M.AN say.TA-DIR-IND.3S>4
The King, he said to him.

“Peeyak miina ota takopayiw enn fiy” itweew,

“Peeyak miina oota tako-payi-w en fiiy” itw-ee-w,
one.more also here arrive-move.AI-IND.3S INDF.F.S girl.F.AN say.AI-THE.AI-IND.3S
“One more girl has arrived here”, he said,

“aen-pee-niimit,” itweew.
“aen-pee-niimi-t,” itwee-w.
CNJ-come-dance.AI-CNJ.3S say.AI-IND.3S
“who comes for the dance,” he said.

Waapameew awa ee-teepweeyit

26
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Waapam-ee-w awa ee-teepwee-yi-t

see.TA-DIR-IND.3S>4 this.AN CNJ-call.AI-OBV-CNJ.3S
He saw the one who had been calling.

peehtaaweew li praens aapaanaapiw

peeht-aw-ee-w li praens aapam-api-w
hear.TI-TA-DIR-IND.3>4 DEF.M.S prince.M.AN see.TA-sit.AI-IND.3S
The Prince heard him. He was observing her.

waapameew. Boy, katawaashishishiw awa

waapam-ee-w. Boy, katawaashishi-w awa
see.TA-DIR-IND.3>4 boy was.beautiful.AI-IND.3SG this.AN
He saw her. Boy, she was good-looking.

enn bel fiy, iyave lii boo bitaen

en bel fiiy Iyave lii boo bitaeñ
INDEF.F.S beautiful.F girl.F.AN she.had ART.PL beautiful.M clothes.M.INAN
A pretty girl, she had beautiful clothes

kiishkam aen-miyohoot
kiishk-am ee-miyohoo-t
wear.TI-THE.TI-IND.3S CNJ-dress.well.AI-CNJ.3S
She was wearing them, looking well-dressed.

Lii rasaad kahkiyaw

Lii rasaad kahkiyaw
ART.PL bead.F all
All beads,

sa kuronn ayaaw,
sa kuronn ayaa-w,
3POSS.F.S crown.F have.AIt-IND.3S
she had her crown,

sheemaak akaawaateew akaawaateew

sheemaak akaawaa-t-ee-w akaawaat-ee-w
right.away wish.AI-TR-DIR-IND.3>4 wish.AI-TR-DIR-IND.3>4
right away he desired her. He desired her.

kawaapishin nda,
aka(a)w-aapishi-n nda,
wish-be.by.sight.AI-IND.3S there
He liked the way she looked right there,

kaawaapamaat awa la bel fiy anihi

kaa-waapam-aa-t awa la bel fiiy anihi
CNJ-see.TA-DIR-CNJ.3S this.AN DEF.F.S beautiful.F girl.F.AN that.AN.OBV
when he saw this beautiful girl.

EXCERPT 7

Sheemaak anihi la faam pooni-niimiw

sheemaak anihi la faam pooni-niimi-w
now that.AN.OBV DEF.F.S woman.F.AN quit-dance.AI-IND.3S
Right away he quit dancing with the woman

27
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Dan li boor ashiweepineew

Daañ li bor shiweepin-ee-w
in DEF.M.S side.M.INAN throw.TA-DIR-IND.3>4
He threw her aside,

oonhin kaaniimiyit avek

oonhiñ kaa-niim-iyi-t avek
these.AN.OBV CNJ-dance.TA-OBV.S-CNJ-3>4 with
the one he was dancing with,

Ana la fiy ana

ana la fiiy ana
that.AN DEF.F.S girl.F.AN that.AN
that girl

La fiy ana kaamayaatishit ana

la fiiy ana kaa-mayaatishi-t ana
DEF.F.S girl.F.AN that.AN CNJ-ugly.be.AI-3S.F.S that.AN
That girl was ugly.

naateew anihi la fiy

naat-ee-w anihi la fiiy
go.get-TA-IND.3>4 that.AN.OBV DEF.F.S girl.F.AN
He went for the other girl

Sheemaak kaawaapashin
Sheemaak kaawaapishin-Ø
immediately CNJ-attracted.by.sight.AI-IND.3S
immediately he found something beautiful in her.

Ila tombe aan namur

Ila tombe aañ namur
he.has fallen in love.F.INAN
He had fallen in love.

shakiheew onhi sheemak niimiwak

shakih-ee-w oonhiñ sheemak niimi-w-ak
love.TA-DIR-IND.3>4 that.AN.OBV right.away dance.AI-IND.3-PL
He was in love with that one, right away, they were dancing

Tweehoniimiwak wiikaakweekitoteew
Tweehoo-niimi-w-ak wii-kakwee-kitoo-t-ee-w
bird(landing)-dance.AI IND-3S.PL VOL-try-talk.AI-TR-DIR-3>4
They were dancing like birds. He wanted to try and talk to her.

maaka namo sheemaak kitoteew chi-kaakweechimaat

maaka namo sheemak kitoo-t-ee-w chi-kaakwee-chim-aa-t
but NEG right.away talk.AI-TR-DIR-3>4 CNJ-ask.TA-DIR-CNJ.3>4
But he does not speak right away to ask her

“Taanishi ishinihkaashoyen? Taande ohchichiyen?”

Taanishi ishin-ikaashoo-yen? Taande ohchii-yen
what call.TR-MED.AI-CNJ.2S where be.from.AI-CNJ.2S.S
What is your name? Where do you come from?

Namoya kakweechimeew
Namoya kakwee-chim-ee-w
NEG try-ask.TA-DIR-IND.3>4

28
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

He does not ask her

taapwee chiihkeehtamwak chiihki-niimiwak

taapwee chiihk-ee(yi)ht-am-w-ak chiihki-niimi-w-ak
really enjoy-do.by.think.TI-THE.TI-IND.3-PL enjoy-dance.AI-IND.3-PL
really, they were happy, they were dancing happily

Miyeuhtamwak.
miyeuht-am-w-ak
like.TI-THE.TI-IND.3-PL
they liked it

Chiihkeehtamwak la meuzeuk
chiihk-ee(yi)ht-am-w-ak la meuzik
enjoy-do.by.think-TH.TI-IND.3-PL DEF.F.S music.F.INAN
they enjoyed the music

miyeuhtamwak ana kaa-nakishkaatochik

miyeuht-am-w-ak ana kaa-nakishk-aa-to-ch-ik
like.TI-THE.TI-IND.3-PL that.AN CNJ-meet-TA-REC-CNJ.3-PL
they were happy to meet each other

wiishta Cinderella la Sandrieuz anihi miyaapishin,

wiishta Cinderella la Sandrieuz anihi miy-aapishin-Ø
her.too Cinderella DEF.F.S Sandrieuz that.AN.OBV like.by.sight.AI-IND.3S
Cinderella too she liked the way he looked

shakiheew ohi la praens-a wishta

shakih-ee-w oohiñ li praens-a wishta
love.TA-DIR-IND3>4 that.AN.OBV DEF.F.M prince.M.AN-OBV him.too
she loved the prince too

nama naandaw maaka wii-itweew

ma naanda-w maaka wii-itwee-w
NEG happen.II-IND.0S but VOL-say.AI-IND.3S
but she was not going to say that

tutdaenku la klosh ana larlozh ana kaashiweet

tudaeñku la klosh ana larlozj ana kaa-sheewee-t
suddenly DEF.F.S bell.F.AN that.AN clock.F.AN that.AN CNJ-ring.AI-CNJ.3S
suddently that clock was ringing

si kom en gros klosh anima ee-shiweet

si kom en gros klosh anima ee(ñ)-sheewee-t
it.is as INDEF.F.S big.F bell.F.AN that.INAN CNJ-ring.AI-CNJ.3S
it was, like, a big bell that sounded

ana la relozh: klong, klong! Tudaenku wah

ana la rlozh: klong, klong! Tudaeñku wah
that.AN DEF.F.S clock.F.AN klong, klong suddenly wah
The clock did: klong, klong! Suddenly: wah

Sapran chi-kiiweeyaamooyaan chi-kiiweeyaan

sapraañ chi-kiiwee-yaamoo-yaan chi-kiiwee-yaan
necessary CNJ-home-flee.AI-CNJ.1S CNJ-go.home.AI-CNJ.1S
I have to run home to go home

Gii-ishi-wihtamaak

29
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Ni-kii-ishi-wiihtam-aa-ik
1-PST-so-tell.TI-TA-IND.INV.3S>1
that was told to me

ana la bon faam ana itwew

ana la bon faam ana itw-ee-w
that.AN DEF.F.S good.F woman.F.AN that.AN say.TA-DIR-IND.3>4
by the fairy, she had said that to her

taapwee, tapashiiw
taapwee tapashii-w
really flee.AI-IND.3S
really, she fled

Wayawiiyaamow nda dan la palae ohchi

wayawii-yaamoo-w anda daañ la palee ohchi
go.out-flee.AI-IND.3S there in DEF.F.S palace.F.INAN from
she ran out of the palace

li praens awa teepweew, teepwaatikow

li praens awa teepwee-w, teepwaa-t-ikoo
DEF.M.S prince.M.AN this.AN yell.AI-IND.3S yell.AI-TR-IND.INV.4>3
the prince was shouting, calling to her

“Pee-asheekiiwee! Pee-asheekiiwee”, iteew

“Pee-ashee-kiiwee! Pee-ashee-kiiwee” itee-w
come-back-return.AI come-back-return.AI say.AI-IND.3S
come back here! come back here!, he said

“Kaashichipiteek!” iteew sii solda.

“Kaashchi-pit-ihk!” it-ee-w sii soldaa
grab.pull.TR-IMP.2PL>3S say.TA-DIR-IND.3S>4 3POSS.PL soldier.M.AN
Grab her!”, he said to his soldiers

pamwayaen.
pamwayaen.
no.way
it is impossible

Eekwa piistikwashkwahteew dan so kariol nda

Eekwa piihti-kwashkwahti-w daañ sooñ kariol anda
then enter-jump.AI-IND.3S into 3POSS.M.S carriage.F.AN there
She jumped into her carriage there

li draiver awa, li servan

li draiver awa, li servaañ
DEF.M.S driver.M.AN this.AN DEF.M.S servant.M.AN
the driver, the servant

pashiteehweew lii zhvoo

pashiteehw-ee-w lii zhvoo
whip.TA-DIR-IND.3S>4 ART.PL horses.AN
He whipped the horses

pashiteehweew kut fwet tapashiiwak

pashiteehw-ee-w kud fwet tapashii-w-ak
hit.TA-DIR-IND3S shot.of whip.INAN flee.AI-IND.3S-PL
He hit them with the whip, they fled

30
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

shuuhkeeyaamowak sako shuuhkeepayiwak

shoohki-yaamo-w-ak sako shoohki-payi-w-ak
strong-flee.AI-IND.3SPL really strong-move.AI-IND.3S-PL
they ran fast, really they moved quickly

avan chitakoshihk wiikiwahk

avañ chi-takoshi-hk wiiki-w-ak
before CNJ-arrive.AI-CNJ.3 be.home.AI-IND.INDEF.AC
before they arrived at the house

kahkiyaw ana mishchikopayiw ana miina

kaahkiyaw ana meeshkochi-payi-w ana miina
all that.AN change-move.AI-IND.3S that.AN again
all of her had turned back to normal again

la sitruy ekuta kaapahkishihk

la sitruy ekota kaa-pahkishi-hk
DEF.F.S pumpkin.F.AN there CNJ-fall.AI-CNJ.3S
The pumpkin fell there

lii surii ekuta kaapahkishikihkik

lii surii ekota kaa-pahkishi-hk-ik
ART.PL mice.AN there CNJ-fall.AI-CNJ.3-PL
The mice fell there.

lom awa, kaakiilomiwit

lom awa kaa-kii-lom-iwi-t
man.AN this.AN CNJ-PST-man.AN-become.AI-CNJ.3S
The man, who had turned into a man

li shyaen wishta kiihtwam

li shyaeñ wiishta kiihtwam
DEF.M.S dog.M.AN him.too again
he was a dog again.

mishchikopayiw aan shyaen. Aah, la poovr Cinderella.

meeshkochi-payi-w aeñ shyaeñ. Aah, la poovr Cinderella
change-move.AI-IND.3S INDEF.M.S dog.M.AN oh DEF.F.S poor Cinderella
The dog too had turned into a dog. Oh, poor Cinderella.

EXCERPT 8

ekwanima piko kaa-kanaweehihtahk site soo suyii,

ekwanima piko kaa-kanaweeiht-ahk site sooñ suyii
and.that only CNJ-look.after.TI-CNJ.3S it.was 3POSS.M.S shoe.M
The only thing that she had kept was her shoe,

aan vit. Maaka henn kiiwanihtaaw

aañ vit. Maaka hen kii-wanihtaa-w
of glass.F but one PST-lose.AI(t)-IND.3S
made of glass. She had lost one

kaa-tapashiit kiiwanihtaw
kaa-tapashii-t kii-wanihtaa-w
CJN-flee.AI-CNJ.3S PST-lose.AI(t)-IND.3S

31
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

She had lost one when she was hurrying away. She had lost it

dret da la palae nda dan lii zeskalyii

dret dañ la palee anda dañ lii zeskalyii
right in DEF.F.S palace.F.INAN there on ART.PL stairs
right in the palace on the stairs.

ekuta kii-wanihtaaw muushahkinam ekwanima li præns

ekota kii-wanihtaa-w mooshahkin-am ekwanima li praens
so.there PST-lose.AI(t)-IND.3S pick.up.TI-IND.3S right.that.INAN DEF.M.S prince.M.AN
It was there she had lost it. He picked it up, the Prince.

eekwanima kii-waapahtam li suyii eetikwee

eekwanima kii-waapaht-am li suyii eetikwe
right.that.INAN PST-see.TI-IND.3S DEF.M.S shoe.M.INAN apparently
He apparently saw the shoe.

“A baen la, taanishi kaa-tootamaahk?” Itweew awa li praens.

“A baeñ la, taanishi kaa-toot-am-aahk?” Itwee-w awa li praeñs.
INT well there what CNJ-do.TI-THE.TI-CNJ.1PL say.AI-IND.3S this.AN DEF.M.S prince.M.AN
“Well, now, what do we do?” Said the Prince. “I have one shoe, however.”

“hen aen suyii dayaan, maaka” opaapa-wa itweew

“hen aeñ suyii d-ayaa-n, maaka o-paapa-wa itw-ee-w
one INDEF.M.S shoe 1-have.AI(t)-IND.non3 but 3-father-POSS say.TA-DIR-IND.3>4
He said to his father,

li rwe: “Aa, mahpo gikisheewimaw

li rwe: “Aa, mahpo gii-kisheeyim-aa-w
DEF.M.S king INT even 1.PST-know.TA-DIR-IND.SAP>3
the King: “I don’t even know her.

namoya giikakweechimaaw son non,

namo gii-kakwee-chim-aa-w sooñ noñ
NEG 1.PST-manage-ask.TA-DIR-IND.SAP>3 3POSS.M.S name.M.AN
I did not ask her name,

taandee ee-wiikit, taanishi ee-ishinihkaashut

taandee ee-wiiki-t, taanishi ee-ishin-ikaashoo-t
where CNJ-live.AI-CNJ.3S how CNJ-see.TI-MED.AI-CNJ.3S
where she lives, how she is called.”

Nakataweehtamwak eekwa. Kiyaam....

Naakataweeiht-am-w-ak eekwa. Kiyaam
ponder.TI-THE.TI-IND.3-PL now let.it.be
They were trying to figure it out. What can you do?

“Omishi ka-tahkamikishonaan”, iteew,

“Oma ishi-ka-tahkamikishi-naan”, itee-w,
this.INAN thus-FUT-behave.AI-IND.1PL.INCL say.AI-IND.3S
This is what we will do,” he said to him.

“li suyii uma kaa-kanaweehtaman

“li suyii oma kaa-kanaweeiht-aman
DEF.M.S shoe.M.INAN this.INAN CJN-look.after.TI-CNJ.2S
“This shoe that you kept,

kapapaawiicheewaawak ookik tii servan

32
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

(ki-)ka-papaa-wiicheew-aa-w-ak ookik tii servaañ

(2-)FUT-wandering.around-go.with.TA-DIR-IND.2>3-PL these.AN 2POSS.PL servant.AN
You will go around with your servants.

dan lii palae oonhin papaakiyokaan, itweew

dañ lii palee oonhiñ (ki-)ka-papaa-kiyokaa-n, itw-ee-w
in ART.PL palace.F.INAN these.INAN (2-)FUT-around-visit.AI-IND.non3 say.TA-DIR-IND.3>4
Visit the people in the palaces,” he said.

“Kapapaadawahchikaan, itew kaakishkeehtaman

“(Ki-)ka-paa-ndawahchikaa-n, itee-w kaa-kishkeeiht-aman
(ki-)FUT-around-scout.AI-IND.non3 say.AI-IND.3S CNJ-know.TI-CNJ.2S
“You will scout around. So that you will know it.

mishkawachi ana la fiy chiteepishaahk

mishk-aw-a-ch-i ana la fiiy chi-teepishk-ahk
find.TI-TA-DIR-CNJ.2>3-SJ that.AN DEF.F.S girl.F.AN CNJ-fit.TI-CNJ.3S
If you find the girl whom fits

uma li suyii ka-wiikimaaw”, itweew,

oma li suyii ka-wiikim-aa-w”, itw-ee-w,
this.INAN DEF.M.S shoe.M.INAN FUT-marry.TA-DIR-IND.3>4 say.TA-DIR-IND.3>4
this shoe. You will marry her”, he said,

“Savayet ana la fiy”. Safek taapwee kiiweew awa la faam

Savayet ana la fiiy. Safek taapwee kiiwee-w awa la faam
will.be that.AN DEF.F.S girl.F.AN so really go.home.AI-IND.3S this.AN DEF.F.S woman.F.AN
“That will be the girl.” So really the woman had gone home,

La mazhisyenn ana la vyey, la faam ana,

La mazhisyenn ana la vyey, la faam ana,
DEF.F.S witch.F.AN that.AN DEF.F.S old.F.AN DEF.F.S woman.F.AN that.AN
The old lady was a witch, this woman.

kaa-machimanitu-iwit avek sii fiy,

kaa-machi-manito-iwi-t avek sii fiiy,
CNJ-evil-spirit-be.AI-CNJ.3S with 3POSS.PL daughter.F.AN
that devilish woman with her daughters,

kiiweew avek sii trwa fiy. Ekota ee-takushihkik

kiiwee-w avek sii trwa fiiy. Ekota ee-takoshi-hk-ik
go.home.AI-IND.3S with 3POSS.PL three daughter.F.AN there CNJ-arrive.AI-CNJ.3-PL
She had gone home with her three daughters. When they had arrived there,

namoya kii-kishkeehtamwak
namoya kii-kishkeeiht-am-w-ak
NEG PST-knowTI-THE.TI-IND.3-PL
they did not know

eekwa taanshi kaa-kii-tahkamihkak eewako la dans,

eekwa taanshi kaa-kii-tahkami-hk awa la dans,
and what CNJ-PST-behave.AI-CNJ.INDEF.AC this.AN DEF.F.S dance.F.AN,
what had happened to her at the dance.

la bal eekii-itohteet, namoya kiishkeehtamwak Cinderella wiya

la bal ee-kii-itohtee-t, namoya kiishkeeiht-am-w-ak Cinderella wiiya
DEF.F.S ball.F.AN CNJ-PST-go.AI-CNJ.3S NEG know.TI-THE.TI-IND.3-PL Cinderella her.EMPH
That she had been to the ball they did not know. Cinderella, however

33
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

La Sandrieuz maatoow, nawachiko sheekishiiw

La Sandrieuz maatoo-w, nawachiko sheekishi-w
DEF.F.S Sandrieuz cry.AI-IND.3S partly be.scared.AI-IND.3S
Cinderella was crying, she was a little scared.

kiikway kiishpin kishkeehtahkik? itweew kakishkeehtamwak

keekway kiishpin kishkeeiht-ahk-ik? itw-ee-w ka-kishkeeiht-am-w-ak
what if know.TI-CNJ.3-PL say.TA-DIR-IND.3>4 FUT-know.TI-THE.TI-IND.3-PL
“What if they know?”, She said. “They will know it.”

gamooshtinikwak ahpotikwee gamooshtinikwak, itweew

ga-mooshtin-ik-ok ahpotikwee ga-mooshtin-ik-ok, itw-ee-w
1.FUT-catch.TA-IND.3>SAP-PL maybe 1.FUT-catch.TA-IND.3>SAP-PL say.TA-DIR-IND.3>4
“They may even catch me, maybe. They may even catch me”, she thought.

sapran kaya naandaw chii-itweeyaan itweew

sapraañ kaaya naandaw chi-itwee-yaan itwee-w
it.is.necessary NEG anything CNJ-say.AI-CNJ.1S say.AI-IND.3S
“I am not going to be able to say anything”, she said

ngakaataan ooma li suyii. Taapwee kii-kaataaw.

ni-ka-kaataa-n ooma li suyii. Taapwee kii-kaataa-w.
1.FUT-hide.AI(t)-IND.non3 this.INAN ART.PL shoe.M.S really PST-hide.AI(t)-IND.3S
“I will hide the shoe.” So she hid the shoe.

EXCERPT 9

ah tutdaenku kaapakahamikeet awiyek dan leu port nda

ah tudaeñku kaa-pakah-am-ikee-t awiyek dañ leu port anda
oh suddenly CNJ.hit.TI-THE.TI-GEN.AI-CNJ.3S someone on 3PL.POSS.PL door.F.INAN there
Oh suddenly somebody knocked on their door

pi kii-kiishkeehtamwak lii nuvel ashay kii-peehtamwak

pii kii--kiishkeeiht-am-w-ak lii nuvel ashay kii-peeht-am-w-ak
and PST-know.TI-THE.TI-IND.3-PL ART.PL news.INAN already PST-hear.TI-THE.TI-IND.3-PL
And right there they heard the news. They had already heard about it,

ee-aachimochik nda dan li vilazh

ee-aachimoo-ch-ik anda dañ li vilaazh
CNJ-tell.AI-CNJ.3-PL there in DEF.M.S village.M.INAN
because people spoke about it in the village.

La faam awa kiipeehtam maaka wiitahkamikiishichik

la faam awa kii-peeht-am-Ø maaka wii-tahkamikiishi-ch-ik
DEF.F.S woman.F.AN this.AN PST-hear.TI-THE.TI-IND.3S but VOL-be.up.to.something.AI-CNJ.3-PL
The woman had heard it. But they were going to retrieve the shoe.

li praens awa kaakweemishkawaat

li praeñs awa kaakwee-mishk-aw-aa-t
DEF.M.S prince.M.AN this.AN try-find.TI-TA-DIR-CNJ.3S
The prince was trying to find

aniki kaakiiohchinimihaat
anihi kaa-kii-ohchi-nimi-h-aa-t
that.AN.OBV CNJ-PST-with-dance.AI-TA-DIR-CNJ.3>4

34
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

the person that he had danced with.

aen-kii-ohchimushtawaat oonhin.
aeñ kii-ohchi-moshta-w-aa-t ooñhiñ.
INDEF.M.S PST-with-dance.TA-DIR-IND.3>4 this.AN.OBV
The one he had danced with.

Tudaenku la vyey ana itwew: “hee, takoshiniwak!

Tudaeñku la vyey ana itwee-w “hee, takoshini-w-ak!
Suddenly DEF.F.S old.one.F.AN that.AN say.AI-IND.3S INT arrive.AI-IND.3-PL
Suddenly the woman said: “Hey, they are coming!”

Takopayiwak ookik! Ngakataaw la Sandrieuz!

Tako-payi-w-ak ookik! Ni-ka-kaat-aa-w la Sandrieuz!
arrive-move.AI-IND.3-PL these.AN 1-FUT-hide.TR-DIR-IND.SAP>3 DEF.F.S Sandrieuz
“They arrive! I will hide Cinderella.

Gakataw!”, itweew
Ga-kaat-aa-w!” itwee-w
FUT-hide.TR-DIR-SAP>3 say.AI-IND.3S
Put her away!” she said.

Gapishcheeminaaw dan la shamb aan laer, itweew.

ni-ka-(paash)chi-weepin-aa-w dañ la shañb aañ leer itwee-w
1-FUT-over-throw.TR-DIR-IND.SAP>3 in DEF.F.S room in air say.AI-IND.3S
“I will throw her in the attic,” she said.

Kii-paapishkaham la port. Kiidoo-ashtaaw.

(kii-)kipaapishkah-am-Ø la port. Kii-doo-ashtaa-w.
(PST-)lock.TI-THE.TI-IND.3S DEF.F.S door.F.INAN PST-go-place.AI(t)-IND.3S
She locked the door. She went and placed it there.

iyave enn tab nda uta ashtaw anima la klii

iyave en taab anda oota ashtaa-w anima la klii
there.was DEF.F.S table.F.INAN there there put.there-AI(t)-IND.3S that.INAN DEF.F.S key.F.INAN
There was a table there. And that is where she put the key

asheehkiiweepahtaw aan baa aen-doo-kitotaat onhin: “haw

ashee-kiiwee-pahtaa-w aañ baa eeñ-doo-kito-t-aa-t ooñhiñ: “haw
backwards-home-run.AI-IND.3S in low CNJ-go-talk.AI-TR-DIR-CNJ.3>4 these.AN.OBV hi
She ran back downstairs, to go and talk to them. “Hi!

“Parey-ishok!”, iteew sii fiy

“pree-isho-k!”, itw-ee-w sii fiiy
ready-be.AI-IMP.2PL say.TA-DIR-IND.3>4 3POSS.PL daughter.F.AN
Get yourselves ready”, she said to her daughters

“parey kayaanawaaw”, itweew

“pree ki-ayaa-n-awaaw”, itweew
ready 2-be.AI-IND.non3-PL say.TA-DIR-IND.3>4
“You prepare yourselves”, she said

“sapran parii kaa-ayaayeek,” itweew

“sapraañ parii kaa-ayaa-yeek,” itweew
necessary ready CNJ-be.AI-CNJ.2PL say.TA-DIR-IND.3>4
“You have to be ready,” she said.

“Kakweekishkamok anima li suyii

35
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

“kaakwee-kishk-am-ok anima li suyii

try-fit.TI-THE.TI-IMP.2S that.INAN DEF.M.S shoe.M.INAN
“Try to fit the shoe.

kiishpin kaawiikimaawaaw ana li praens, onvayet baen, on va yet rish,”

kiishpin ki-wiikim-aawaaw ana li praeñs, on vayet baeñ, on vayet rish,”
if 2-marry.TA-IND.2PL>3 that.AN DEF.M.S prince.M.AN 1PL will.be well, 1PL will.be rich
If the prince will marry one of us, we will be well, we will be rich,”

teew kiimiyeuhtamwak ee-liirishiwichik ookik

itweew kii-miyeuht-am-w-ak ee-li-rish-iwi-ch-ik ookik
say.TA-DIR-IND.3>4 PST-like.TI.THE.TI-IND.3-PL CNJ-DEF.M.S-rich-be.AI-CNJ.3-PL these.AN
she said to them. They liked to be rich, these people

safek taapwee tahkunamwak anima li suyii daen tetdariyee.

safek taapwee tahkon-am-w-ak anima li suyii dañ tetdariyee
so truly hold.TI-THE.TI-IND.3-PL that.INAN DEF.M.S shoe.M.INAN in pillow
So truly they held that shoe on a pillow.

daen kusaen kii-ayaawak.

dañ aeñ kusaeñ kii-ayaa-w-ak.
on INDEF.M.S cushion.M.INAN PST.have.AI(t)-IND.3-PL
On a cushion they had it.

ekuta kii-ashtaaw anima li suyii.

ekota kii-ashtaa-w anima li suyii.
right.there PST-place.AI(t)-IND.3 that.INAN DEF.M.S shoe.M.INAN
That’s where they had that shoe.

Li praens ayaaw eekwa. Taapwee kaakweekishkam ookik.

Li praeñs ayaa-w eekwa. taapwee kaakwee-kishkam-Ø ookik.
DEF.M.S prince.M.AN be.there.AI-IND.3S also indeed try-fit.TI-THE.TI-IND.S3 these.AN
The prince was there as well. Indeed they tried to fit it.

Lii gran pyii lon kii-ayaawak anikik lii fiy

lii graañ pyii looñ kii-ayaa-w-ak anikik lii fiiy
ART.PL big.M foot.M.INAN long PST-have.AI-IND.3-PL those.AN ART.PL girl.F.AN
They had big, long feet, those girls.

Lii groo pyi graa henn ana, lii pyii maeg henn oot.
lii groo pyii graañ hen ana, lii pyii maeg henn oot.
ART.PL big.M foot.M.INAN fat.M one that.AN ART.PL foot skinny one other
One of them had big fat feet, fat feet,

pi ana aen gro pyii kishkam mooo

pii ana aeñ groo pyii kishkam-Ø mooo
then that.AN INDEF.M.S big.M foot.M.INAN wear.TI-THE.TI-IND.3S NEG
The one with big feet, she tried it. Ay!

pii kaakweekishkam “no, namo kashkihtaan

pii kaakwee-kishk-am-Ø “no, namo (ki-)kashkihtaa-n
then try-fit.TI-THE.TI-IND.3S no NEG (2-)able.AI-IND.non3.S
Then she tried and fit it. “No, you are not able

chi-kishkaman anima”, ichikaashow.

chi-kishk-am-an anima ich-ikaashoo-w
CNJ-fit.TI-THE.TI-CNJ.2S that.INAN say.AI-MED.AI-IND.3S
to fit that one,” she was told.

36
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

“wii, gateepishkeen,” iteew. Li suyi tudaenku

“wii, ni-ka-teepishk-een”, itee-w. li suyii tudaeñku
yes 1-FUT-fit.TI-IND.non3S say.AI-IND.3S DEF.M.S shoe.M.INAN suddenly
“Yes, it fits my feet,” she said to them. Suddenly the shoe

kashkweepayihk oote li suyii. Ayish namo kwayesk kiishkam, heen

kwaashkwee-payi-hk oota li suyii. Ayish namo kwayesh kiishk-am-Ø, heeñ
jump-move.AI-CNJ.0S here DEF.M.S shoe.M.INAN because NEG correct fit.TI-THE.TI-IND.3S INT
flew off right there. Because she did not fit it.

keekach patinamwak. Safet yaenk aan vit anima li suyii

keekaach patin-am-w-ak. Safet yaeñk aañ vit anima li suyii
almost drop.TR-THE.TI-IND.3-PL it.was only in glass.F.INAN that.INAN DEF.M.S shoe.M.INAN
They almost dropped it. It was made of only glass, this shoe.

kaakiipiikohtin. Kashchipitam anima li suyii.

kaa-kii-piikohti-n. Kahchipit-am-Ø anima li suyii.
CNJ-PST-break.while.falling.II-IND.0S grab.TI-THE.TI-IND.3S that.INAN DEF.M.S shoe.M.INAN
It could have fallen into pieces. He grabbed the shoe.

“Okee,” iteew. Namo kashkihtaan.

“Okay”, itw-ee-w. Mo (ki-)kashkihtaa-n anima.
okay say.TA-DIR-IND.3>4 NEG (2-)be.able.AI-IND.non3 that.INAN
“Okay,” he said to her, “You cannot wear it.”

“Kiya eekwa”, itew loot ana la fiy.

“Kiiya eekwa”, itw-ee-w loot ana la fiiy.
you now say.TA-DIR-IND.3>4 other that.AN DEF.F.S girl.F.AN
“It’s your turn”, he said to the other girl.

Kahkiyaaw anihi lii trwa fiy namo kiiteepishkamwak.

Kahkiyaaw anihi lii trwa fiiy mo kii-teepishk-am-w-ak
all those.AN.OBV ART.PL three girl.F.AN NEG PST-fit-THE.TI-IND.3-PL
All of these three girls did not fit it.

EXCERPT 10

La Sandrieuz wiya kaakweekiichiiw neetee ohchi.

La Sanderieuz wiya kakwee-kichii-w neetee ohchi.
DEF.F.S Sandrieuz she.EMPH try-escape.AI-IND.3S over.there from
Cinderella, she tried to escape from there.

Kipahikaashow. Lii surii anikik

Kipah-ikaashoo-w. Lii surii anikik
lock.TI-MED.AI-IND.3S ART.PL mice.M.AN those.AN
She was locked up. The mice

pii li shyaen kaakweewiichihikow.

pii li shyaeñ kakwee-wiichih-iko-w.
and DEF.M.S dog.M.AN try-help.TA-DIR-IND.4>3
and the dog tried to help her.

Pi i yave aen groo sha nwaer nda.

Pii iyave aeñ groo shaa nwaer anda.
and there.was INDEF.M.S big.M cat.M.AN black there

37
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

And there was a big black cat there.

La faam ana soo sha,

La faam ana sooñ shaa,
DEF.F.S woman.F.AN that.AN 3POSS.M.S cat.M.AN
It was the woman’s cat,

aen vrae moo– machimanituwit ana li sha,

aeñ vrae moo/ machi-manito-wi-t ana li shaa,
INDEF.M.S right ??? bad.spirit.AI-be.AI-CNJ.3S that.AN DEF.M.S cat.M.AN
a real da.... devil was this cat,

parey kom la faam ana.

parey kom la faam ana.
same like DEF.F.S woman.F.AN that.AN
he was just like the woman.

Kaakweenipaaheew anihi lii surii, haen

Kaakwee-nipah-ee-w anihi lii surii, haeñ
try-kill.TA-DIR-IND.3>4 those.AN.OBV ART.PL mice.M.AN INT
He tried to kill these mice,

lii surii anihi kaakweenipaaheew.

lii surii anihi kaakwee-nipa-h-ee-w.
ART.PL mice.M.AN those.AN.OBV try-kill.TA-DIR.IND.3>4
he wanted to kill them.

Li shyaen awa, aen vyeu shyaen aata,

Li shyaeñ awa, aeñ vyeu shyaeñ aata,
DEF.M.S dog.M.AN this.AN INDEF.F.S old dog.M.AN although
The dog, even though he was an old one,

nashahawateew anihi li sha-wa.

na(wa)shwaa-t-ee-w anihi li shaa-wa.
chase.AI-TR-DIR-IND.3>4 that.AN.OBV DEF.M.S cat.M.AN-OBV
he ran after this cat.

Li sha ana kiipahkishin aan laer nda ohchi.

Li shaa ana kii-pahkishi-n aañ laer anda ohchi.
DEF.M.S cat.M.AN that.AN PST-fell.down.AI-IND.3S in air there from
The cat fell down from up in the air.

Kii-nipaahishin ana ahpo eetikwee,

Kii-nipaa-ishi-n ana ahpo etikwee,
PST-sleep.AI-AI-IND.3S this.AN maybe I.guess
Maybe he fell dead, I don’t know,

ubaendoon kiiwiishakishin naandaw li sha

obaeñdooñ kii-wiishakishi-n naandaw ana li shaa
or PST-hurt.bad.AI-IND.3S something that.AN DEF.M.S cat.M.AN
or else the cat was badly hurt.

“Aahkameeyimok”, iteew.
“Ahkameeyim-ok”, it-ee-w.
keep.on.work.TA-IMP.2PL say-TA-IND.3>4
“Go on”, she said.

“Aahkameeyimok”, iteew lii surii oonhin.

38
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Ahkameeyimo-k itee-w lii surii ooñhiñ.

keep.on.AI-IMP.2PL say-TA-IND.3>4 ART.PL mice these.AN.OBV
“Keep on,” she said to the mice.

“Kaakweemishkamok anima la klii”, iteew.

“Kakwee-mishkam-ok anima la klii”, it-ee-w.
try-find.TI-IMP.2PL that.INAN DEF.F.S key.F.INAN say.TA-DIR-IND.3>4
“Try to find the key!” she said to them.

Taapwee, andisur la port sheekoyaamoowak aniki li surii,

Taapwee andisur la port sheekoyaamoo-w-ak aniki lii surii,
really underneath DEF.F.S door.F.INAN ???.AI-IND.3-PL those.AN ART.PL mice.M.AN
Really, they run underneath the door, these mice,

kwashkohtiwak dan la tab nda mishkamwak.

kwaashkwati-w-ak dañ la tab anda mishk-am-w-ak.
jump.AI-IND.3-PL on DEF.F.S table.F.INAN there find.TI-THE.TI-IND.3S-PL-AI
they jumped on the table. There they found it.

Sapran chi-kaakwee-otapeechik. Kishikwan anima la klii.

Sapraañ chi-kaakwee-otaapee-ch-ik. Kishikwa-n anima la klii.
necessary CNJ-try-drag.AI(t)-CNJ.3-PL be.heavy.II-IND.0S this.INAN DEF.F.S key.F.INAN
They had to try and drag it. It was heavy, this key.

Enn gros klii. Kishikwan, wiichihiitowak eekwa.

En gros klii. Kishikwa-n, wiichih-ito-w-ak eekwa.
INDEF.F.S big.F key.F.INAN be.heavy.II-IND.0S help.TA-REC.AI-IND.3-PL then
It was a big key. As it was heavy, they helped each other.

Cinderella eekwanima miiyikashow. Paashtenam la port.

Cinderella eekwanima miiy-ikaashoo-w. Paashteen-am-Ø la port.
Cinderella that.INAN give.TA-MED.AI-IND.3S open.TI-THE.TI-IND.3S DEF.F.S door.F.INAN
Cinderella got it from them. She opened the door.

Meeshchi wii-shipweehteechik ookik li praens pi sii servan,

Mishchit wii-shipweehtee-ch-ik ookik li praens pii sii servaañ,
just.about VOL-leave.AI-CNJ.3-PL these.AN DEF.M.S prince.M.AN and 3POSS.PL servant.M.AN
They were just about to go out, the prince and his servants,

otee waapamiku la faam ana teepweew:

otee (ee-)waapam-iko-w la faam ana teepwee-w:
over.there (CNJ)-see.TA-INV-CNJ.4>3 DEF.F.S woman.F.AN that.AN shout.AI-IND.3S
when they realized she was there. The woman shouted:

“aenh, sipa! Moo. no peeyak aen ...

aeñ sipa! Moo. No peeyak aeñ...
INT I.don't.know NEG NEG one INDEF.M.S
“Yes, I don’t know, no, she is no...

La fiy ana, site yaenk aen servant ana. Kiyaam.

La fiiy ana site yaeñk aeñ servaañ ana. Kiiyaam.
DEF.F.S girl.F.AN that.AN she.is only INDEF.M.S servant.M.AN that.AN think.nothing.of.it
That girl, she is just a servant. It doesn’t matter.

Kaya nipaachiihkaw awa la fiy”, iteew.

Kaaya napaachiihkaw ana la fiiy", it-ee-w.
do.not molest.TA this.AN DEF.F.S girl.F.AN say.TA-DIR-IND.3>4
Don’t bother that girl,” she said to them.

39
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

“No, noo,” iteew li praens.

"No noo," it-ee-w li praens.
NEG NEG say.TA-DIR-IND.3>4 DEF.M.S prince.M.AN
“No, no,” the Prince said to her.

Tut lii fiy nyweehtam chi-kaakweekishkahkik

tot lii fiiy nd-weeiht-aen chi-kaakwee-kishk-ahk-ik
all ART.PL girl.F.AN 1-want.TI-IND.non3 CNJ-try-fit.TI-CNJ.3-PL
All the girls have to try

anima li suyi”, iteew.

anima li suyii”, it-ee-w.
that.INAN DEF.M.S shoe.M.INAN say.TA-DIR.IND.3>4
the shoe,” he said to her.

Taapwee, teepwaateew. Lii fiy ookik kishiwasiwak.

Taapwee, teepwaa-t-ee-w. Lii fiiy ookik kishiwaashi-w-ak.
really shout.AI-TR-DIR-IND.3>4 ART.PL girl.F.AN these.AN angry.AI-IND.3-PL
Really, he called her. They daughters were angry.

weepineewak.... Cinderella la Sandrieuz. Aahkweepiniwak.

weepin-ee-w-ak… Cinderella la Sandrieuz. (K)weepin-ee-w-ak.
pushed.TA-DIR-IND.3>4-PL.SBJ Cinderella DEF.F.S Sandrieuz pushed.TA-DIR-IND.3>4-PL.SBJ
They pushed Cinderella. They pushed her.

Kiyaam. Kishkam anima teepishkam li suyi.

Kiiyaam. Kishk-am-Ø anima teepishk-am-Ø li suyii.
never.mind put.on.TI-THE.TI-IND.3S that.INAN fit.TI-THE.TI-IND.3S DEF.M.S shoe.M.INAN
Never mind. She put it on, and the shoe fitted her.

EXCERPT 11

Eekoshi la Sandrieuz tutdaenku sitaen enn praenses.

Eekoshi la Sandrieuz todaeñku sitaen en praeñses.
thus DEF.F.S Sandrieuz suddenly she.was INDEF.F.S princess.F.AN
Thus Cinderella suddenly became a Princess.

Kiiwiikimeew ana li praens.

Kii-wiikim-ee-w ana li praeñs.
PST-marry.TA-DIR-IND.3>4 that.AN DEF.M.S prince.M.AN
She married the Prince.

Kiipeepichiweew dans li palae.

Kii-piihtikweepichi-w dañ li palee.
PST-move.AI-IND.3S in DEF.M.S palace.M.INAN
She moved into the palace.

kii-shipweehtaheew sii suurii, pi so shyaen,

kii-shipweehta-h-ee-w sii surii, pii sooñ shyaeñ,
PST-leave.AI-CAUS.TA-DIR-IND.3>4 3POSS.PL mice.M.AN and 3POSS.M.S dog.M.AN
She took her mice and her dog along,

ite laa, ite baen pur tut bon, eekoshi kii-kishinipiw.

ite laa, ite baeñ pur tot boñ, eekoshi kii-ishi-nipo-w.
they.were there, there.were good for all good until PST-thus-die.AI-IND.3S

40
 Mazzoli, Maria (accepted), Secondary derivation in the Michif verb: Beyond the traditional Algonquian template. In Perez, Danae M. and Eeva
Sippola (eds), Postcolonial varieties in the Americas. Berlin/Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

then they were well forever, until she died of old age.

Sitenn renn apre. Pii moohkaach kiihtwaam kiiwaapameew

Site en renn apre. Pii moo-hkaach kiihtwam kii-waapam-ee-w
s/he.was INDEF.F.S queen.F.AN after and NEG-ever again PST-see.TA-DIR-IND.3>4
She became a Queen after. And never again she saw

anihi la moves faam pi sii fiy.

anihi la moves faam pii sii fiiy.
that.AN.OBV DEF.F.S bad woman.F.AN and 3POSS.PL daughter.F.AN
the evil woman and her daughters.

zhame kiihtwam kii-waapameew. Eekoshi kiimiyeuyihtam.

zhamee kiihtwam kii-waapam-ee-w. Eekoshi kii-miyeuiht-am-Ø.
never again PST-see.TA-DIR-IND.3>4 finally PST-like.TI-THE.TI-IND.3S
Never. Finally she was happy.

ekwanima listweer kaakii-aachimoyaan kayaash niishta kaa-apishiishiyaan

ekwanima listweer kaa-kii-aachimoo-yaan kayaash niishta kaa-apishiishi-yaan
that.INAN story.F.INAN CNJ-PST-tell.AI-CNJ.1S long.ago me.too CNJ-be.small.AI-CNJ.1S
This story that I told you when I too, long ago, was small,

kii-achimostaakowiyaan nuhkum pii

kii-achim-oo-staa-ikawi-yaan nohkom pii
PST-tell.TA-MID.RFLX.AI-BEN.TA-PASS.AI-CNJ.1S my.gradmother.F.AN and
was told by my late grandmother and

ni-mushum-ipan nuhkum ekii-aachimochik. Eekoshi.

ni-moshom-ipan ee-kii-aachim-oo-ch-ik. Eekoshi.
my-grandpa-late CNJ-PST-tell.TA-MID.RFLX.AI-CNJ.3-PL that.is.it
grandfather when they were telling stories. That’s it.

41