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Tutorial Sheet: II: by Avinash Singh (Ex IES, B.Tech IITR)

The document derives several equations related to the motion of inviscid fluids. It provides equations for pressure fields, velocities of surfaces over time, and times required to fill cavities under various force conditions.

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Vaibhav Jaiswal
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33 views2 pages

Tutorial Sheet: II: by Avinash Singh (Ex IES, B.Tech IITR)

The document derives several equations related to the motion of inviscid fluids. It provides equations for pressure fields, velocities of surfaces over time, and times required to fill cavities under various force conditions.

Uploaded by

Vaibhav Jaiswal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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By Avinash Singh (Ex IES, B.

Tech IITR)

Tutorial Sheet: II
Equations of Motion of Inviscid fluids

1. Derive Euler’s dynamical equations of motion in cartesian coordinates.

2. A liquid is contained between two parallel planes, the free surface is circular cylinder of
radius ‘a’ whose axis is perpendicular to the planes. All the liquid within a concentric
circular cylinder of radius ‘b’ is suddenly annihilated; prove that if Π be the pressure at
the outer surface, the initial pressure at any point on the liquid distant ‘r’ from the center
log 𝑟𝑟−log 𝑏𝑏
is Π � �.
log 𝑎𝑎−log 𝑏𝑏

3. A mass of liquid of density 𝜌𝜌 whose external surface is a long circular cylinder of radius
a which is subject to a constant pressure Π, surrounds a coaxial long circular cylinder of
radius b. The internal cylinder is suddenly destroyed; show that if v is the velocity at the

2Π�𝑏𝑏2 −𝑟𝑟 2 �
internal surface, when the radius is r, then 𝑣𝑣 2 = � �𝑟𝑟2 +𝑎𝑎2 −𝑏𝑏2 �
�.
𝜌𝜌𝑟𝑟 2 �log �
𝑟𝑟2

4. A sphere is at rest in an infinite mass of homogeneous liquid of density 𝜌𝜌, the pressure
at infinity being P. If the radius R of the sphere varies in such a way that 𝑅𝑅 = 𝑎𝑎 +
𝑏𝑏 cos 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 , 𝑤𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑏𝑏 > 𝑎𝑎, show that pressure at the surface of the sphere at any time is 𝑃𝑃 +
𝑏𝑏𝑛𝑛2 𝜌𝜌
(𝑏𝑏 − 4𝑎𝑎 cos 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 − 5𝑏𝑏 cos 2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛).
4

5. A steady inviscid incompressible fluid flow has a velocity field 𝑢𝑢 = 𝑓𝑓𝑥𝑥, 𝑣𝑣 = −𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓, 𝑤𝑤 =
0, where 𝑓𝑓 is a constant. Derive an expression for the pressure field 𝑝𝑝(𝑥𝑥, 𝑦𝑦, 𝑧𝑧) if the
�.
pressure 𝑝𝑝(0,0,0) = 𝑝𝑝0 and 𝑭𝑭 = −𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝒌𝒌

𝜇𝜇
6. An infinite mass of fluid is acted on by a force 3 per unit mass directed to the origin. If
𝑟𝑟 2

initially, the fluid is at rest and there is cavity in the form of the sphere 𝑟𝑟 = 𝑐𝑐 in it, show
1
2 2 5
that the cavity will be filled up after an interval of time�5𝜇𝜇� 𝑐𝑐 4 .

7. An infinite fluid in which a spherical hollow of radius a is initially at rest under the action
of no forces. If a constant pressure Π is applied at infinity, show that the time of filling
1 5
𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 2 Γ� �
up the cavity is 𝑎𝑎 �6Π� 64 .
Γ� �
3

By Avinash Singh (Ex IES, B.Tech IITR) 1|Page


4
8. A mass of fluid of density 𝜌𝜌 and volume � � 𝜋𝜋𝑐𝑐 3 is in the form of spherical shell. A constant
3

pressure Π is exerted on the external surface of the shell. There is no pressure on the
internal surface and no other forces act on the liquid. Initially the liquid is at rest and
the internal radius of the shell is 2c. Prove that the velocity of the internal surface when
1
1 2
14Π 23
its radius is c, is � 3𝜌𝜌 1 � .
23 −1

A mass of perfect incompressible fluid of density 𝜌𝜌 is bounded by concentric spherical


surfaces. The outer surface is contained by a flexible envelope which exerts continuously
uniform pressure Π and contracts from radius 𝑅𝑅1 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑅𝑅2 . The hollow is filled with a gas
obeying Boyle’s law, its radius contracts from 𝑐𝑐1 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑐𝑐2 and the pressure of the gas is initially,
𝑝𝑝1 . Initially the whole mass is at rest. Prove that, neglecting the mass of the gas, the velocity
𝑣𝑣 2
𝑣𝑣 of the inner surface when the configuration 𝑅𝑅2 , 𝑐𝑐2 is reached is given by =
2
𝑐𝑐13 1 𝑐𝑐 3 Π 𝑝𝑝1 𝑐𝑐 𝑐𝑐
𝑐𝑐23
�3 �1 − 𝑐𝑐23 � 𝜌𝜌 − 𝜌𝜌
log 𝑐𝑐1 � /(1 − 𝑅𝑅2 )
1 2 2

By Avinash Singh (Ex IES, B.Tech IITR) 2|Page

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