Oil Crops Data: Yearbook Tables

Exports and imports—annual

Table 37—Supply and use: U.S. soybeans, soybean meal, and soybean oil, major foreign exporters, importers, and world, 2019/20–2022/23
Table 38—U.S. soybean exports by selected destinations (1,000 metric tons)
Table 39—U.S. soybean meal exports by selected destinations (1,000 metric tons)
Table 40—U.S. soybean oil exports by selected destinations (1,000 metric tons)

World production, supply, and disappearance—annual

Table 41—World oilseed supply and distribution, 2014/15–2022/23
Table 42—World vegetable oils supply and distribution, 2014/15–2022/23
Table 43—World protein meal supply and distribution, 2014/15–2022/23

Contact: Maria Bukowski and Aaron M. Ates, USDA, Economic Research Service, Market and Trade Economics Division.

Last updated: March 27, 2023.

Updates of these data and data covering more years and countries can be found in USDA, Economic Research Service, Data Products, Oil Crops Yearbook .
 Table 37—Supply and use: U.S. soybeans, soybean meal, and soybean oil, major foreign exporters, importers, and world, 2019/20–2022/23 1/
X44A0T

World less United States World less United States

United Major Major Total World United Major Major Total World
States exporters importers foreign 4/ States exporters importers foreign 4/
2/ 3/ 2/ 3/
Million metric tons
2019/20 2021/22 5/
Soybeans-- Soybeans--
Supply-- Supply--
Beginning stocks 24.74 62.70 21.34 89.42 114.16 Beginning stocks 6.99 55.21 34.56 93.04 100.03
Production 96.67 190.18 21.85 244.13 340.80 Production 121.53 180.82 20.16 236.61 358.14
Imports 0.42 5.46 131.91 164.70 165.12 Imports 0.43 4.43 123.78 156.64 157.08
Use-- Use--
Crush 58.91 89.10 119.98 253.21 312.12 Crush 59.98 91.37 116.28 252.97 312.95
Total 61.75 99.59 146.78 297.80 359.55 Total 62.77 102.01 143.88 299.51 362.27
Exports 45.80 110.91 0.34 119.76 165.56 Exports 58.72 87.26 0.42 95.26 153.98
Ending stocks 14.28 47.84 27.98 80.69 94.97 Ending stocks 7.47 51.19 34.20 91.53 99.00
Soybean meal-- Soybean meal--
Supply-- Supply--
Beginning stocks 0.37 6.75 3.02 15.36 15.72 Beginning stocks 0.31 6.67 2.002 14.29 14.60
Production 46.36 73.36 22.37 198.82 245.18 Production 47.01 76.04 22.60 198.56 245.57
Imports 0.58 0.03 37.36 62.20 62.78 Imports 0.59 0.79 38.13 65.44 66.03
Use-- Use--
Domestic 34.44 27.48 59.13 206.20 240.64 Domestic 35.35 29.16 59.85 208.16 243.51
Exports 12.55 46.13 0.99 55.32 67.87 Exports 12.27 47.74 1.13 56.17 68.44
Ending stocks 0.31 6.54 2.63 14.86 15.17 Ending stocks 0.28 6.60 1.77 13.97 14.26
Soybean oil-- Soybean oil--
Supply-- Supply--
Beginning stocks 0.81 1.09 1.26 3.87 4.67 Beginning stocks 0.97 1.28 1.67 4.30 5.27
Production 11.30 20.33 19.40 47.19 58.49 Production 11.86 20.68 18.89 47.18 59.04
Imports 0.15 0.56 7.10 11.34 11.48 Imports 0.14 0.59 6.57 11.32 11.46
Use-- Use--
Domestic 10.12 12.37 25.78 46.88 57.00 Domestic 11.26 12.59 26.13 47.95 59.21
Exports 1.29 8.10 0.47 11.09 12.37 Exports 0.80 8.62 0.28 11.33 12.13
Ending stocks 0.84 1.51 1.50 4.43 5.27 Ending stocks 0.90 1.35 0.72 3.52 4.43
2020/21 5/ 2022/23 6/
Soybeans-- Soybeans--
Supply-- Supply--
Beginning stocks 14.28 47.84 27.98 80.69 94.97 Beginning stocks 7.47 51.19 34.20 91.53 99.00
Production 114.75 197.34 23.25 253.73 368.48 Production 116.38 198.10 23.66 258.77 375.15
Imports 0.54 5.92 133.39 165.01 165.55 Imports 0.41 8.02 129.53 164.99 165.39
Use-- Use--
Crush 58.26 90.25 122.10 257.73 315.98 Crush 60.42 91.54 120.50 259.62 320.04
Total 60.91 100.94 149.80 303.06 363.97 Total 63.69 101.15 149.84 307.44 371.13
Exports 61.67 94.95 0.27 103.33 164.99 Exports 54.84 104.50 0.37 113.56 168.40
Ending stocks 6.99 55.21 34.56 93.04 100.03 Ending stocks 5.72 51.66 37.18 94.29 100.01
Soybean meal-- Soybean meal--
Supply-- Supply--
Beginning stocks 0.31 6.54 2.63 14.86 15.17 Beginning stocks 0.28 6.60 1.77 13.97 14.26
Production 45.87 75.50 22.86 202.37 248.25 Production 47.66 76.13 22.38 203.81 251.47
Imports 0.71 0.26 37.25 63.73 64.44 Imports 0.54 0.12 38.10 63.75 64.30
Use-- Use--
Domestic 34.18 28.33 59.63 209.74 243.92 Domestic 35.74 29.90 59.47 213.13 248.88
Exports 12.41 47.30 1.12 56.93 69.34 Exports 12.43 47.20 1.09 55.76 68.18
Ending stocks 0.31 6.67 2.00 14.29 14.60 Ending stocks 0.32 5.75 1.68 12.65 12.96
Soybean oil-- Soybean oil--
Supply-- Supply--
Beginning stocks 0.84 1.51 1.50 4.43 5.27 Beginning stocks 0.90 1.35 0.72 3.52 4.43
Production 11.35 20.55 19.96 47.98 59.33 Production 11.88 20.57 19.95 48.33 60.21
Imports 0.14 0.74 6.77 11.57 11.71 Imports 0.14 0.53 6.30 10.81 10.94
Use-- Use--
Domestic 10.58 12.49 26.36 47.85 58.43 Domestic 11.82 12.59 25.76 47.54 59.35
Exports 0.79 9.02 0.21 11.83 12.61 Exports 0.23 8.76 0.21 11.60 11.82
Ending stocks 0.97 1.28 1.67 4.30 5.27 Ending stocks 0.88 1.09 1.00 3.52 4.40
1/ Data based on local marketing years except for Argentina and Brazil, which are adjusted to an October–September year. 2/ Major exporters include Brazil, Argentina,
Paraguay, and Uruguay for soybeans; Argentina, Brazil, and India for soybean meal; Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and the European Union (EU) for soybean oil. 3/ EU, China, Japan,
Mexico, and Southeast Asia for soybeans; European Union, Mexico, Southeast Asia, and Japan for soybean meal; China, India, Bangladesh, and North Africa for soybean oil.
4/ World imports and exports will not balance because of differences in local marketing years and time lags between reported exports and imports.
Therefore, world supply may not equal world use.
5/ Estimated. 6/ Projected.
Source: USDA, Economic Research Service using data from USDA, World Agricultural Outlook Board, World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates .
Last updated: 03/27/2023.

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 Table 38—U.S. soybean exports by selected destinations, 2013/14–2021/22
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Country/region 1/ 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19

China 27,301 29,516 30,562 36,119 28,194 13,407
Mexico 3,394 3,578 3,577 3,887 4,383 5,190
Egypt 505 596 261 939 2,331 2,661
Germany 1,396 1,085 2,332 1,287 1,034 1,440
Japan 2,018 2,171 2,282 2,476 2,190 2,348
Indonesia 2,012 1,930 2,286 2,499 2,561 2,580
Taiwan 1,222 1,434 1,462 1,477 2,016 1,845
Italy 79 0 137 190 328 757
Bangladesh 161 603 721 994 1,053 860
Thailand 491 517 550 1,040 1,505 1,545
Pakistan 0 314 167 624 1,661 1,075
Spain 1,028 919 1,271 661 1,000 1,847
South Korea 598 594 455 679 747 1,087
Vietnam 531 772 834 548 1,205 816
Netherlands 303 1,822 1,412 1,970 2,857 2,052
Colombia 139 530 522 556 657 638
Malaysia 251 327 377 451 481 657
Canada 287 234 254 344 381 953
Turkey 381 830 394 210 423 64
Tunisia 206 188 354 216 371 279
Costa Rica 102 271 308 259 313 302
Algeria 0 0 0 0 0 30
Portugal 171 405 67 58 218 604
Saudi Arabia 276 279 213 286 148 273
United Kingdom 159 257 233 130 124 320
All other countries 1,583 963 1,838 1,064 1,893 4,092
Total 44,594 50,136 52,869 58,964 58,071 47,721
1/ Market year is September–August. 2/ Estimate.
Source: USDA, Economic Research Service using U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Foreign Trade
Last updated: 03

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 Table 39—U.S. soybean meal exports by selected destinations, 2013/14–2021/22
X46A0T

Country/region 1/ 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19

Philippines 1,258 1,417 1,896 1,875 2,142 2,123
Mexico 1,476 1,840 2,213 1,714 1,821 1,751
Colombia 342 813 655 926 1,092 1,207
Canada 985 862 771 849 982 970
Ecuador 380 413 391 165 290 507
Guatemala 312 353 373 370 405 434
Venezuela 772 778 308 310 188 128
Dominican Republic 355 477 445 517 498 538
Morocco 171 147 152 141 571 323
Honduras 173 216 237 242 263 269
Japan 209 199 125 223 329 311
El Salvador 159 182 197 211 196 210
Panama 167 180 208 212 212 206
Nicaragua 68 113 121 113 105 116
Vietnam 350 450 159 250 641 618
Costa Rica 51 65 58 60 105 88
Sri Lanka 53 101 157 151 166 188
Jamaica 109 95 123 117 121 118
Thailand 380 725 556 347 507 126
Ireland 93 76 38 0 63 60
Myanmar 6 33 108 93 164 173
Taiwan 18 24 26 25 27 17
Peru 0 202 280 216 239 151
Belgium-Luxembourg 32 36 44 55 53 54
Israel 49 73 21 105 71 142
All other countries 2,535 2,022 1,182 1,217 1,467 1,312
Total 10,504 11,891 10,843 10,505 12,717 12,141
1/ Market year is October–September. 2/ Estimate.
Source: USDA, Economic Research Service using U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Foreign Trade Statistics
Last updated: 03/

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 Table 40—U.S. soybean oil exports by selected destinations, 2013/14–2021/22
X47A0T

Country/region 1/ 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19

India 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Korea 0 58 92 206 301 303
Mexico 190 245 236 265 167 126
Guatemala 33 46 49 43 72 87
Canada 32 29 16 23 21 22
Venezuela 19 62 50 32 48 1
Dominican Republic 121 117 119 150 152 139
Colombia 60 59 51 122 108 67
Jamaica 18 22 31 33 29 28
Algeria 0 0 25 15 0 0
Costa Rica 1 6 1 4 6 5
Honduras 0 1 0 2 5 4
El Salvador 5 6 1 7 7 10
Haiti 2 1 3 1 0 0
United Arab Emirates 2 6 4 3 4 4
Nicaragua 41 36 15 18 15 7
Kuwait 1 1 1 1 2 2
Saudi Arabia 1 2 6 3 3 6
Trinidad and Tobago 9 10 11 11 11 10
Panama 4 5 6 7 8 3
Hong Kong 8 1 1 6 0 0
Chile 2 0 0 0 0 1
The Bahamas 3 2 2 2 2 2
Jordan 0 0 0 1 2 1
Japan 4 3 3 3 3 2
All other countries 296 197 296 200 142 51
Total 852 914 1,017 1,159 1,108 880
1/ Market year is October–September. 2/ Estimate.
Source: USDA, Economic Research Service using U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Foreign Trade Statistics
Last updated: 03/2

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Economic Research Service, USDA
 Table 41—World oilseed supply and distribution, 2014/15–2022/23
X48A0T

Item 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20

Million metric tons
Copra 5.32 5.13 5.46 5.94 6.06 5.92
Cottonseed 44.36 35.62 39.28 45.26 43.08 43.63
Palm kernel 16.53 15.91 17.33 18.73 19.50 19.36
Peanuts 41.79 41.27 45.93 47.10 46.62 48.17
Rapeseed 70.43 68.84 69.59 75.32 72.93 69.71
Soybeans 321.25 315.83 350.56 343.48 362.99 340.80
Sunflowerseed 39.28 40.75 48.39 48.01 50.66 54.20
Total 538.96 523.35 576.53 583.83 601.84 581.79
Imports
Copra 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.13 0.20 0.15
Cottonseed 0.67 0.69 1.01 0.87 0.73 0.81
Palm kernel 0.07 0.06 0.07 0.18 0.16 0.14
Peanuts 2.52 3.29 3.19 3.08 3.53 4.34
Rapeseed 14.32 14.11 15.80 15.72 14.64 15.71
Soybeans 124.42 133.71 145.18 154.11 146.02 165.12
Sunflowerseed 1.62 2.11 2.46 2.38 2.89 3.34
Total 143.73 154.11 167.84 176.47 168.17 189.62
Exports
Copra 0.12 0.15 0.17 0.16 0.18 0.28
Cottonseed 0.73 0.73 0.86 0.89 0.84 0.88
Palm kernel 0.04 0.04 0.09 0.16 0.07 0.08
Peanuts 3.42 3.63 3.90 3.50 3.83 4.93
Rapeseed 15.11 14.40 16.15 16.60 14.68 15.98
Soybeans 126.44 132.83 147.66 153.35 149.19 165.56
Sunflowerseed 1.68 2.13 2.68 2.76 3.21 3.69
Total 147.53 153.92 171.51 177.43 171.99 191.39
Crush
Copra 5.28 5.10 5.38 5.88 6.03 5.76
Cottonseed 33.45 28.07 29.10 33.73 32.80 33.70
Palm kernel 16.46 15.85 17.20 18.66 19.45 19.40
Peanuts 16.54 16.65 17.53 18.11 18.00 19.20
Rapeseed 67.09 66.70 67.42 68.50 68.09 68.53
Soybeans 265.15 275.66 288.45 295.46 298.75 312.12
Sunflowerseed 35.67 36.80 43.33 44.17 46.52 49.33
Total 439.64 444.83 468.42 484.50 489.64 508.04
Ending stocks
Copra 0.08 0.05 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.06
Cottonseed 1.74 0.88 1.40 1.96 1.88 1.68
Palm kernel 0.29 0.25 0.26 0.23 0.27 0.18
Peanuts 4.23 3.36 4.29 5.16 5.07 4.69
Rapeseed 7.32 6.25 5.21 8.05 9.80 7.60
Soybeans 79.46 79.48 95.42 99.62 114.16 94.97
Sunflowerseed 2.97 2.84 3.53 2.88 2.69 3.03
Total 96.08 93.10 110.16 117.96 133.95 112.21
1/ Estimate. 2/ Forecast.
Source: USDA, Economic Research Service using data from USDA, Foreign Agricultural Service, Production, Supply and Distribution .

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 Table 42—World vegetable oils supply and distribution, 2014/15–2022/23
X49A0T

Item 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20

Million metric tons
Production
Coconut oil 3.31 3.20 3.37 3.69 3.78 3.62
Cottonseed oil 5.06 4.25 4.42 5.12 4.94 5.09
Olive oil 2.41 3.12 2.49 3.29 3.16 3.15
Palm oil 62.00 58.85 65.17 70.56 74.17 73.04
Palm kernel oil 7.31 7.01 7.61 8.25 8.58 8.53
Peanut oil 5.36 5.39 5.68 5.87 5.82 6.21
Rapeseed oil 27.42 27.35 27.58 28.13 27.80 28.13
Soybean oil 49.34 51.64 53.97 55.27 56.07 58.49
Sunflowerseed oil 14.97 15.47 18.30 18.58 19.61 21.13
Total 177.18 176.28 188.60 198.76 203.93 207.38
Imports
Coconut oil 1.82 1.61 1.54 1.75 1.86 1.84
Cottonseed oil 0.08 0.06 0.05 0.09 0.10 0.10
Olive oil 0.90 0.90 0.93 1.09 1.10 1.31
Palm oil 44.48 42.38 46.38 46.79 50.54 47.48
Palm kernel oil 2.81 2.64 2.71 2.88 3.01 3.02
Peanut oil 0.25 0.25 0.23 0.25 0.30 0.31
Rapeseed oil 3.95 4.12 4.55 4.83 5.18 5.80
Soybean oil 10.15 11.73 11.24 9.99 10.98 11.48
Sunflowerseed oil 6.33 7.33 9.31 9.15 9.65 11.72
Total 70.78 71.02 76.95 76.83 82.70 83.05
Exports
Coconut oil 1.94 1.58 1.79 1.76 2.14 1.88
Cottonseed oil 0.15 0.07 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.11
Olive oil 0.97 0.92 0.97 1.12 1.18 1.47
Palm oil 47.40 43.90 49.03 48.76 51.75 48.49
Palm kernel oil 3.24 3.02 3.10 3.12 3.40 3.29
Peanut oil 0.26 0.25 0.28 0.28 0.31 0.32
Rapeseed oil 4.07 4.17 4.64 4.83 5.26 5.87
Soybean oil 11.18 11.83 11.46 10.77 11.48 12.37
Sunflowerseed oil 7.44 8.18 10.75 10.32 11.51 13.47
Total 76.64 73.91 82.10 81.07 87.12 87.28
Consumption
Coconut oil 3.18 3.13 3.19 3.41 3.53 3.62
Cottonseed oil 5.00 4.35 4.33 5.05 4.96 5.07
Olive oil 2.75 2.87 2.75 2.86 2.93 3.03
Palm oil 57.85 59.39 61.05 65.95 70.94 71.07
Palm kernel oil 7.00 6.61 7.17 7.77 8.25 8.17
Peanut oil 5.35 5.37 5.52 5.70 5.92 6.22
Rapeseed oil 26.92 28.26 28.93 28.96 28.13 28.17
Soybean oil 47.73 52.08 53.55 54.38 55.25 57.00
Sunflowerseed oil 14.26 15.12 16.39 17.40 18.02 18.93
Total 170.02 177.17 182.88 191.48 197.92 201.29
Ending stocks
Coconut oil 0.44 0.54 0.47 0.74 0.72 0.67
Cottonseed oil 0.22 0.11 0.16 0.22 0.20 0.21
Olive oil 0.39 0.62 0.33 0.73 0.88 0.85
Palm oil 10.84 8.80 10.22 12.87 14.90 15.86
Palm kernel oil 0.82 0.84 0.87 1.10 1.05 1.13
Peanut oil 0.25 0.27 0.40 0.53 0.43 0.41
Rapeseed oil 6.66 5.70 4.21 3.37 2.95 2.82
Soybean oil 4.56 4.02 4.24 4.36 4.67 5.27
Sunflowerseed oil 2.54 2.05 2.60 2.61 2.33 2.77
Total 26.73 22.95 23.49 26.52 28.12 29.98
1/ Estimate. 2/ Forecast.
Source: USDA, Economic Research Service using data from USDA, Foreign Agricultural Service, Production, Supply and Distribution.

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 Table 43—World protein meal supply and distribution, 2014/15–2022/23
X50A0T

Item 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20

Million metric tons
Production
Copra meal 1.75 1.70 1.78 1.95 2.00 1.91
Cottonseed meal 15.32 12.92 13.38 15.52 15.03 15.50
Fish meal 4.69 4.51 4.88 4.77 4.76 4.64
Palm kernel meal 8.54 8.25 8.91 9.68 10.09 10.15
Peanut meal 6.57 6.61 6.99 7.23 7.18 7.66
Rapeseed meal 38.72 38.59 38.80 39.44 39.23 39.55
Soybean meal 208.58 216.26 226.35 232.70 233.99 245.18
Sunflowerseed meal 16.18 16.60 19.49 20.02 20.94 21.73
Total 300.34 305.45 320.59 331.30 333.22 346.31
Imports
Copra meal 0.67 0.56 0.51 0.74 0.58 0.43
Cottonseed meal 0.26 0.25 0.28 0.34 0.36 0.33
Fish meal 2.51 2.44 3.06 3.05 3.08 3.09
Palm kernel meal 6.50 5.82 6.55 6.97 7.36 7.22
Peanut meal 0.03 0.02 0.13 0.06 0.10 0.13
Rapeseed meal 6.01 5.69 6.18 6.47 7.14 7.97
Soybean meal 61.26 63.13 61.63 63.42 63.64 62.78
Sunflowerseed meal 5.57 5.98 7.12 6.84 8.08 8.56
Total 82.80 83.89 85.44 87.87 90.33 90.50
Exports
Copra meal 0.74 0.58 0.54 0.71 0.68 0.43
Cottonseed meal 0.36 0.32 0.42 0.51 0.45 0.42
Fish meal 2.28 2.21 2.59 2.69 2.65 2.67
Palm kernel meal 6.60 6.47 6.79 7.40 7.96 7.88
Peanut meal 0.05 0.05 0.16 0.10 0.12 0.18
Rapeseed meal 6.07 5.70 6.26 6.68 7.22 7.72
Soybean meal 64.66 65.82 65.35 65.77 68.02 67.87
Sunflowerseed meal 5.87 6.24 7.61 7.16 8.17 8.84
Total 86.63 87.40 89.71 91.01 95.27 96.02
Consumption
Copra meal 1.68 1.69 1.74 1.93 1.91 1.91
Cottonseed meal 15.22 12.91 13.17 15.28 15.07 15.43
Fish meal 4.87 4.73 5.36 5.13 5.20 5.05
Palm kernel meal 8.42 7.77 8.58 9.08 9.52 9.39
Peanut meal 6.55 6.55 6.99 7.19 7.14 7.62
Rapeseed meal 38.59 38.46 38.61 39.14 39.39 39.62
Soybean meal 201.89 213.74 222.22 228.98 230.08 240.64
Sunflowerseed meal 15.77 16.39 19.00 19.35 20.66 21.36
Total 293.00 302.25 315.67 326.09 328.96 341.02
Ending stocks
Copra meal 0.13 0.12 0.14 0.19 0.18 0.19
Cottonseed meal 0.21 0.15 0.22 0.28 0.15 0.12
Fish meal 0.27 0.27 0.25 0.25 0.24 0.26
Palm kernel meal 0.58 0.40 0.48 0.64 0.61 0.70
Peanut meal 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.04
Rapeseed meal 1.00 1.13 1.42 1.52 1.27 1.45
Soybean meal 14.42 14.24 14.82 16.19 15.72 15.17
Sunflowerseed meal 1.50 1.45 1.45 1.79 1.98 2.07
Total 18.13 17.81 18.82 20.89 20.20 19.97
1/ Estimate. 2/ Forecast.
Source: USDA, Economic Research Service using data from USDA, Foreign Agricultural Service, Production, Supply and Distribution.

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Oil Crops Yearbook/OCS-2020
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Economic Research Service, USDA