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LUA Academy Prepared by: Bassel Yassine & Hussein Raad

Mathematics Exam
Duration: 4 hours G-12 General Sciences Section Sunday May – 2018
✓ This exam is comprised of seven obligatory questions
✓ The grade is over 40

Question 1 (Five Points)

In the space referred to a direct orthonormal system (O; 𝒊⃗, 𝒋⃗, ⃗𝒌⃗), consider the plane (P) with equation
2x + y – z + 2 = 0, the straight line (d) of parametric equations x = m – 1, y = −2m + 2 and z = m + 1,
where m is a real parameter and the point A(1; – 1; 3).
1. Find the coordinates of I the point of intersection between (P) and (d).
2. Consider in the plane (P) the circle (C) of center I and radius 𝑟 = √3.
a. Show that A belongs to the circle (C).
b. Write a system of parametric equations of the tangent (T) to (C) at A.
3. Show that the two straight lines (d) and (T) are not coplanar (skew).
√2 4+√2
4. Write equation of the plane (Q) parallel to (P) and passing through the point D ( 2 ; −√2; 2 ).
5. (Q) cuts (d) at the point B.
a. Determine the coordinates of the point B.
b. Show that AIB is an isosceles triangle with principal vertex I.

Question 2 (Five Points)

Consider the two integrals:
𝐞 𝐞
𝐈𝒏 = ∫ 𝒙(𝐥𝐧 𝒙)𝒏 𝒅𝒙 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐉𝒏 = ∫ 𝒏𝒙(𝐥𝐧 𝒙)𝒏 𝒅𝒙; 𝐰𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐞 𝒏 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐧𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐥 𝐧𝐮𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫
𝟏 𝟏
1. Using integration by parts, calculate Ii.
1
2. a. Establish the relation I𝑛+1 = 2 [𝑒 2 − (𝑛 + 1)I𝑛 ].
b. Deduce the exact value of I2.
3. a. Prove that for every natural number n, I𝑛 ≥ 0.
𝑒2
b. Deduce that for every natural number n, I𝑛 ≤ 𝑛+1.
c. Deduce lim I𝑛 .
𝑛→+∞
4. a. Verify that for every real number x ∈ [1; 𝑒], (ln 𝑥)𝑛+1 ≤ (ln 𝑥)𝑛 .
b. Study the sense of variations of the sequence (In).
𝑒2
5. Using the parts – 2.a – and – 4.b – show that I𝑛 ≥ 𝑛+3.
6. Deduce using the above results that li𝑚 𝐽𝑛 = 𝑒 2 .
𝑛→+∞

LUA academy – Prepared by: Bassel Yassine & Hussein Raad

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Question 3 (Five Points)

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗; ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝝅
Consider a triangle ABC such that (𝐂𝐀 𝐂𝐁) = .
𝟐
Let H be the orthogonal projection of C on (AB), let (d) be the perpendicular to (AC) at A, (CH)
meets (d) at the point F. Let AC = 4cm and BC = 3cm.
Let S be the direct plane similitude that transforms B onto C and C onto A.
1. Calculate the ratio k of S find its angle 𝛼.
2. Verify that H is the center of S.
3. Find the image of the point A by S.
4. By using the similitude S, show that HC 2 = HA × HB.
5. Let I, J and K be the midpoints of [BC], [AC] and [AD] respectively. Let S = h ∘ h.
a. Verify that IJK is right – angled at J.
b. Determine the nature of h and precise its characteristic elements.
c. Determine h(I) and then deduce that the points I, H and K are collinear.
6. The plane is referred to the system (C; u ⃗⃗, v ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 4u
⃗⃗) where CA ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 4v
⃗⃗ and CB ⃗⃗.
a. Determine the complex form of S and then deduce the affix 𝑧H of its center.
b. S – 1 is the inverse of S. Write the complex form of S.

Question 4 (Four Points)

An urn U contains three white balls and five black balls
An urn V contains four white balls and four black balls
Part A: A player throws a fair die with six faces numbered from one to six.
If he obtains the faces 1 and 2 he draws randomly one ball from U, else he draws one ball from B.
1. Calculate the probability that the player selects a white ball from U.
2. Calculate the probability of the event W:"The player draws a white ball".
3. The drawn ball was white, what is the probability that it came from urn U.
Part B: The player repeats the scenario done in part – A – two independent times, so that the
drawn ball in the first draw will be replaced back the urn.
For each white ball drawn the player gains an amount 𝜶 in $ and for each black ball drawn the
player loses an amount of 3$.
Let X be the random variable equal to the algebraic gain in $ of the player after the two drawings.
1. Verify that the possible values of X are 3𝛼, 𝛼 − 3 and −6.
2. Determine the probability distribution of X.
11 13
3. Verify that the mathematical expectation of X is given by E(X) = 12 𝛼 − 4 .
4. Determine the value(s) of 𝛼 so that the game is a fair play.

LUA academy – Prepared by: Bassel Yassine & Hussein Raad

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Question 5 (Five Points)

The space is referred to a direct orthonormal system (O; 𝐢⃗, ⃗𝐣).
Let (P) be the parabola of focus O and directrix (d): x = −𝟐.
1. Show that the equation of the parabola (P) is y2 = 4(x + 1).
2. Draw (P).
3. (P) meets the axis of ordinates at the points J and K where yJ > 0.
Let (T) and (T') be the tangents to the parabola (P) at the points J and K respectively.
Prove that (T) and (T') intersect at a point on the directrix (d).
4. Let A and B be two distinct points of (P) of ordinates 2a and 2b respectively such that the
tangents (TA) and (TB) to (P) at A and B are perpendicular.
a. Verify that a × b = – 1.
b. Write the equation of (AB) and then deduce that as a varies (where 𝑎 ≠ 0) the straight
line (AB) passes through a fixed point.
c. Let K be the point of intersection between the two tangents (T A) and (TB).
Determine the coordinates of the point K and then deduce that as a varies (where 𝑎 ≠ 0),
K varies of a fixed straight line to be determined.

Question 6 (Four Points)

The two parts of this question are independent

Part A
Let 𝜶 be a real number such that 𝟎 < 𝜶 < 𝟐𝝅 and let 𝒏 be a natural number.
Consider the two sums S and S' defined by:
S = 𝟏 + 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜶 + 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝟐𝜶 + … … … … + 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝒏𝜶 and S' = 𝟏 + 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝜶 + 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝟐𝜶 + … … … … + 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒏𝜶
Let P = S + iS'.
1. Prove that P = 1 + 𝑒 i𝛼 + 𝑒 i2𝛼 + … … … … . +𝑒 i𝑛𝛼 .
2. Write P in terms of n and 𝛼 (use the sum rule of geometric sequence).
𝑛+1 𝜋
𝑛+1 i( 𝛼+ )
3. Write the exponential form of 𝑒 i𝛼 − 1 and show that 𝑒 i(𝑛+1)α − 1 = 2 sin ( 2 𝛼) 𝑒 2 2 .

𝑛
i 𝛼 sin(𝑛+1
2 𝛼)
4. Deduce that P = 𝑒 2 × .
sin(12𝛼)
5. Deduce S and S'.

Part B
Let 𝒖 and 𝒗 be two complex numbers such that |𝒖| = |𝒗| = 𝟏.
𝑢+𝑣
1. Show that 𝑤 = 1+𝑢𝑣 is real.
cos(𝜃−𝜃′
2 )
2. Let 𝜃be an argument of 𝑢 and 𝜃′ be an argument of 𝑣. Show that 𝑤 = .
cos(𝜃+𝜃′
2 )

LUA academy – Prepared by: Bassel Yassine & Hussein Raad

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Question 7 (Twelve Points)

Part A
𝟏
Consider the function 𝒇 defined over ℝ by 𝒇(𝒙) = (𝒙 + 𝟑)𝒆−𝟐𝒙 and designate by (C) its
representative curve in an orthonormal system (O; 𝐢⃗, ⃗𝐣).
1. Calculate lim 𝑓(𝑥) and lim 𝑓(𝑥).
𝑥→−∞ 𝑥→+∞
2. Determine 𝑓 ′ (𝑥)
and then setup the table of variations of 𝑓.
3. Trace the curve (C).
4. Verify that the equation 𝑓(𝑥) = 3 admits two distinct roots, one of them is 0 and the other is
denoted by 𝛼 such that −2 < 𝛼 < −1.5.
5. Determine graphically according to the real parameter m the existence and the numbers of roots
𝑥
of the equation 𝑥 + 3 = 𝑚𝑒 2.
6. Let S(t) be the area of the region bounded by (C), the axis of abscissas, the axis of ordinates and
the straight line with equation x = t, where t > 0.
𝑡 1
a. Using integration by parts, express in terms of t the integral I = ∫0 𝑥 𝑒 −2𝑥 𝑑𝑥.
b. Write S(t) in terms of t and then deduce lim S(𝑡).
𝑡→+∞
Part B
𝟏
Consider the function h defined over ℝ by h(x) = 𝟑 (𝒆𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏).
1. Verify that the two equations ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑥 and 𝑓(𝑥) = 3 are equivalent.
1
2. Show that ℎ′ (𝛼) = 2 (𝛼 + 3).
3. Find ℎ"(𝑥) then study the variations of ℎ′ (𝑥).
4. Set up the table of variations of the function ℎ(𝑥).
5. Consider the interval I = [ – 2 ; 𝛼].
a. Prove that for every x ∈ I, then ℎ(𝑥) ∈ I
1 3
b. Verify that : 2 ≤ ℎ′ (𝑥) ≤ 4.
𝟏 𝟑
c. Deduce that 𝟎 ≤ 𝟐 (𝜶 − 𝒙) ≤ 𝒉(𝜶) − 𝒉(𝒙) ≤ 𝟒 (𝜶 − 𝒙). Hint: Integrate the result of the
previous part.
Part C
𝒖𝟎 = −𝟐
Consider the sequence (𝒖𝒏 ) defined by {
𝒖𝒏+𝟏 = 𝒉(𝒖𝒏 )
1. Verify by mathematical induction that for every natural number n we have 𝑢𝑛 ∈ I.
𝟑
2. Prove that ∀𝑛 ∈ ℕ, 𝟎 ≤ 𝜶 − 𝒖𝒏+𝟏 ≤ (𝜶 − 𝒖𝒏 ).
𝟒
𝒏
𝟑
3. Deduce that 𝟎 ≤ 𝜶 − 𝒖𝒏 ≤ (𝟒) .
4. Deduce lim 𝑢𝑛.
𝑛→+∞

LUA academy – Prepared by: Bassel Yassine & Hussein Raad