ISBN 978-93-340-5963-2 (Book)

ISSN 2229-547X (online)

𑒀
𑒫𑒱 𑒠𑒹 𑒯 𑓓𑓙𑓓 𑒧 𑒁𑓀𑒏 𑓐𑓑 𑒧𑒄 𑓒𑓐𑓒𑓔 ( 𑒩𑓂𑒭 𑓑𑓗 𑒧 𑒮 𑓑𑓙𑓗 𑒁𑓀 𑒏
𑓓𑓙𑓓)
[𑒫𑒱 𑒠𑒹 𑒯 (since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in ]

𑒫𑒱 𑒠𑒹 𑒯 𑒠𑒹𑒧𑒫𑒱 𑒪𑒲 𑒮 𑒫𑒱𑒯𑒞𑓂𑒨 𑒂𑒠𑒹 𑒪𑒲𑒢: 𑒧 𑒢𑒳𑒩𑓂𑒭 𑒫𑒱𑒧𑒯 𑒮𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵 � 𑒧𑓂

𑒫𑒱 𑒠𑒹 𑒯- 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒧 𑒠𑒹𑒧𑒫𑒱 𑒪𑒲 𑒣𑒰 𑒫𑒱 𑒏 𑒄-𑒣𑒰𑒫𑒱 𑒏

𑒮𑒧𑓂𑒣𑒰 𑒏: 𑒑𑒠𑒹 𑒢𑓂𑒠𑓂𑒩 𑒚𑒰 𑒏𑒳𑒩।

𑒌 𑒠𑒹𑒣𑒰 𑒏 𑒮 𑒫𑒱 𑒏 𑒩 𑒮𑒳𑒩𑒫𑒱 𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒫𑒱 । 𑒏 𑒣𑒰 𑒩 𑒃𑒙 (©) 𑒩𑒏𑒏 𑒫𑒱𑒪𑒲𑒫𑒱 𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳𑒧𑒫𑒱𑒞𑒏 𑒫𑒱 𑒢 𑒠𑒹𑒣𑒰 𑒏 𑒠𑒹𑒏 𑒠𑒹𑒢 𑒁𑓀𑒬𑒏 𑒨𑒰 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒫𑒱𑒞 𑒋
𑒫𑒱𑒩𑒏 𑒫𑒱 𑒑 𑒮𑒫𑒱𑒯𑒞 𑒃𑒠𑒹𑒪𑒲𑒏𑓂𑒙𑓂𑒩𑒰 𑒫𑒱𑒢𑒏 𑒁𑓀 𑒨𑒰 𑒫𑒱 𑒏, 𑒠𑒹𑒏 𑒠𑒹𑒢 𑒧 𑒧𑒮, 𑒁𑓀 𑒖𑓂𑒘𑒰 𑒢 𑒮𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒯𑒝 𑒣𑒳𑒢𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒠𑒹� 𑒑𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒝 𑒪𑒲 𑒠𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒩 𑒠𑒹𑒏 𑒠𑒹𑒢 𑒩𑒴𑒣𑒰𑒠𑒹𑒧
𑒣𑒳𑒢𑒩𑒳𑒞𑓂𑒣𑒰𑒣𑒰 𑒢 𑒁𑓀 𑒮𑒔𑒰 𑒩𑒢-𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮 𑒩𑒝 𑒠𑒹𑒢 𑒏𑒋𑒪𑒲 𑒮𑒠𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒫𑒱 ।
(c) 𑓒𑓐𑓐𑓐- 𑓒𑓐𑓒𑓔. 𑒮 𑒫𑒱 𑒏 𑒩 𑒮𑒳𑒩𑒫𑒱 𑒞। 𑒦𑒰 𑒪𑒲𑒮𑒫𑒱𑒩𑒏 𑒑 𑒠𑒹 𑒮𑒢 𑓒𑓐𑓐𑓐 𑒮 𑒨𑒰 𑒯𑒴𑒫𑒱𑒮𑒙 𑒣𑒰𑒩 𑒪𑒲
http://www.geocities.com/.../bhalsarik_gachh.html , http://www.geocities.com/ggajendra 𑒂𑒫𑒱 𑒫𑒱𑒪𑒲𑒏𑒣𑒰𑒩 𑒂
𑒁𑓀 𑒠𑒹𑒢 𑓕 𑒖𑒳𑒪𑒲 𑒃 𑓒𑓐𑓐𑓔 𑒏 𑒠𑒹𑒣𑒰 𑒮𑓂𑒙𑒙 http://gajendrathakur.blogspot.com/2004/07/bhalsarik-gachh.html 𑒠𑒹𑒏𑒩 𑒩𑒴𑒣𑒰𑒠𑒹𑒧
𑒃𑒢𑓂𑒙𑒙𑒩𑒠𑒹𑒢𑒙𑒣𑒰𑒩 𑒠𑒹𑒧𑒫𑒱 𑒪𑒲 𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒔𑒰 𑒢𑒞𑒧 𑒅𑒣𑒰𑒫𑒱 𑒞𑒏 𑒩𑒴𑒣𑒰𑒠𑒹𑒧 𑒫𑒱 𑒠𑓂𑒨𑒧 𑒢 𑒁𑓀𑒫𑒱 (𑒫𑒱𑒏 𑒫𑒱 𑒢 𑒠𑒹𑒪𑒲𑒪𑒲 http://videha.com/2004/07/bhalsarik-
gachh.html 𑒫𑒱𑒪𑒲𑒏𑒣𑒰𑒩, 𑒠𑒹 𑒞 wayback machine of https://web.archive.org/web/*/videha 258 capture(s) from
2004 to 2016- http://videha.com/ 𑒦𑒰 𑒪𑒲𑒮𑒫𑒱𑒩𑒏 𑒑 -𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒧 𑒠𑒹𑒧𑒫𑒱 𑒪𑒲 𑒥𑓂𑒪𑒰𑒪𑒲 𑒑 / 𑒠𑒹𑒧𑒫𑒱 𑒪𑒲 𑒥𑓂𑒪𑒰𑒪𑒲 𑒑𑒏 𑒋𑒑𑓂𑒩 𑒠𑒹𑒑𑒙𑒩)।
𑒄 𑒠𑒹𑒧𑒫𑒱 𑒪𑒲 𑒏 𑒣𑒰𑒫𑒱𑒯𑒪𑒲 𑒃𑒙𑒩𑒠𑒹𑒢𑒙 𑒣𑒰𑒫𑒱 𑒏 𑒫𑒱 𑒏 𑒏𑒩 𑒢 𑒧 𑒠𑒹𑒧 𑓑 𑒢 𑒩 𑓒𑓐𑓐𑓘 𑒮 ’𑒫𑒱 𑒠𑒹 𑒯’ 𑒣𑒰 𑒠𑒹𑒪𑒲। 𑒃𑒙𑒩𑒠𑒹𑒢𑒙𑒣𑒰𑒩 𑒠𑒹𑒧𑒫𑒱 𑒪𑒲 𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒧
𑒅𑒣𑒰𑒫𑒱 𑒫𑒱𑒞𑒏 𑒨𑒰 𑒫𑒱 𑒠𑒹 𑒯- 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒧 𑒠𑒹𑒧𑒫𑒱 𑒪𑒲 𑒣𑒰 𑒫𑒱 𑒏 𑒄 𑒣𑒰𑒫𑒱 𑒏 𑒫𑒱𑒩 𑒣𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒿𑒔𑒰𑒪𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒫𑒱 , 𑒠𑒹 http://www.videha.co.in/ 𑒣𑒰𑒩 𑒄 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒏 𑒫𑒱𑒬𑒞
𑒠𑒹𑒯 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒫𑒱 । 𑒂 “𑒦𑒰 𑒪𑒲𑒮𑒫𑒱𑒩𑒏 𑒑 ” 𑒪𑒲 𑒞𑓂𑒞 '𑒫𑒱 𑒠𑒹 𑒯' 𑒄-𑒣𑒰𑒫𑒱 𑒏 𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒏𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒏 𑒮𑒑 𑒠𑒹𑒧𑒫𑒱 𑒪𑒲 𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑓂𑒭 𑒏 𑒪𑒲 𑒞𑓂𑒞𑒏 𑒋𑒑𑓂𑒩 𑒠𑒹𑒑𑒙𑒩𑒏 𑒩𑒴𑒣𑒰𑒠𑒹𑒧
𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨𑒰𑒏𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒦𑒰𑓄 𑒩𑒯𑒪𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒫𑒱 ।
(c)𑓒𑓐𑓐𑓐- 𑓒𑓐𑓒𑓔. 𑒫𑒱 𑒠𑒹 𑒯: 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒧 𑒠𑒹𑒧𑒫𑒱 𑒪𑒲 𑒣𑒰 𑒫𑒱 𑒏 𑒄-𑒣𑒰𑒫𑒱 𑒏 (since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004). 𑒮𑒧𑓂𑒣𑒰 𑒏:
𑒑𑒠𑒹 𑒢𑓂𑒠𑓂𑒩 𑒚𑒰 𑒏𑒳𑒩। Editor: Gajendra Thakur. In respect of materials e-published in Videha, the Editor, Videha
holds the right to create the web archives/ theme-based web archives, right to translate/ transliterate
those archives and create translated/ transliterated web-archives; and the right to e-publish/ print-publish
all these archives. 𑒩𑒔𑒰𑒢 𑒏 𑒩/ 𑒮𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒯𑒏𑒞𑓂𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒰𑒢 𑒠𑒹𑒧 𑒫𑒱𑒪𑒲𑒏 𑒂 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒏 𑒫𑒱𑒬𑒞 𑒩𑒔𑒰𑒢 / 𑒮𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒯 (𑒮𑒣𑒰𑒝 𑒅𑒞𑓂𑒞𑒩 𑒫𑒱𑒨𑒰𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒩𑒔𑒰𑒢 𑒏 𑒩/ 𑒮𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒯𑒏𑒞𑓂𑒞
𑒧 ) [email protected] 𑒠𑒹𑒏 𑒠𑒹𑒧𑒪𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒠𑒹𑒙𑒔𑒰𑒠𑒹𑒧𑒝𑓂𑒙𑒏 𑒩𑒴𑒣𑒰𑒠𑒹𑒧 𑒣𑒰𑒚𑒰 𑒮𑒠𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒫𑒱 , 𑒮𑒑𑒠𑒹𑒧 𑒍 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒰𑒢 𑒮𑒫𑒱 ��𑒞 𑒣𑒰𑒫𑒱𑒩𑒔𑒰𑒨𑒰
𑒂 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒰𑒢 𑒠𑒹𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵𑒢 𑒏𑒋𑒪𑒲 𑒠𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒲 𑒠𑒹 𑒠𑒹𑒙 𑒠𑒹𑒮𑒠𑒹𑒯 𑒣𑒰𑒚𑒰 𑒫𑒱 । 𑒋𑒞𑓄 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒏 𑒫𑒱𑒬𑒞 𑒩𑒔𑒰𑒢 / 𑒮𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒯 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒏 𑒏 𑒣𑒰 𑒩 𑒃𑒙 𑒩𑒔𑒰𑒢 𑒏 𑒩/ 𑒮𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒯𑒏𑒞𑓂𑒞 𑒏 𑒪𑒲𑒑𑒠𑒹𑒧
𑒫𑒱 𑒂 𑒞𑓄 𑒩𑒔𑒰𑒢 𑒏 𑒩/ 𑒮𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒯𑒏𑒞𑓂𑒞 𑒏 𑒢 𑒧 𑒠𑒹𑒢 𑒁𑓀𑒫𑒱 𑒞𑒞𑓄 𑒄 𑒮𑒣𑒰 𑒏 𑒢 𑒁𑓀𑒫𑒱 । 𑒮𑒧𑓂𑒣𑒰 𑒏: 𑒫𑒱 𑒠𑒹 𑒯 𑒄-𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒏 𑒫𑒱𑒬𑒞 𑒩𑒔𑒰𑒢 𑒏 𑒠𑒹 -
𑒂𑒏 𑒃 / 𑒧-𑒂 𑒫𑒱𑒩𑒞 𑒠𑒹 -𑒂𑒏 𑒃 𑒏 𑒫𑒱𑒢𑒧 𑒝𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒫𑒱 𑒏 𑒩, 𑒌 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒂𑒏 𑒃 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳 𑒂 𑒫𑒱𑒪𑒲𑒣𑒰 𑒞𑒩𑒝 𑒂 𑒞𑒏 𑒠𑒹� 𑒠𑒹 -
𑒂𑒏 𑒃 𑒏 𑒫𑒱𑒢𑒧 𑒝𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒫𑒱 𑒏 𑒩; 𑒂 𑒌 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒂𑒏 𑒃 𑒏 𑒄-𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒏 𑒬𑒢/ 𑒫𑒱𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙-𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒏 𑒬𑒢𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒫𑒱 𑒏 𑒩 𑒩𑒠𑒹 𑒞 𑒫𑒱 । 𑒌 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒠𑒹𑒪𑒲 𑒠𑒹𑒏 𑒠𑒹𑒢
𑒩 𑒨𑒰𑓂𑒙𑒲𑒙 / 𑒣𑒰 𑒫𑒱𑒩𑒬𑓂𑒩𑒫𑒱𑒧𑒏𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒢 𑒠𑒹𑒢 𑒠𑒹 , 𑒠𑒹𑒮 𑒩 𑒨𑒰𑓂𑒙𑒲𑒙 / 𑒣𑒰 𑒫𑒱𑒩𑒬𑓂𑒩𑒫𑒱𑒧𑒏𑒏 𑒃𑒔𑓂𑒕𑒳𑒏 𑒩𑒔𑒰𑒢 𑒏 𑒩/ 𑒮𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒯𑒏𑒩𑓂 ��𑒞 𑒫𑒱 𑒠𑒹 𑒯𑒮 𑒠𑒹𑒢 𑒖𑒳 । 𑒫𑒱 𑒠𑒹 𑒯 𑒄
𑒣𑒰𑒫𑒱 𑒏 𑒏 𑒧 𑒮𑒠𑒹𑒧 𑒙 𑒁𑓀𑒏 𑒫𑒱𑒢𑒏𑒠𑒹𑒪𑒲𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒫𑒱 𑒠𑒹 𑒧 𑒮𑒏 𑓐𑓑 𑒂 𑓑𑓕 𑒫𑒱𑒞𑒫𑒱 𑒠𑒹𑒏 www.videha.co.in 𑒣𑒰𑒩 𑒄 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒏 𑒫𑒱𑒬𑒞 𑒏𑒋𑒪𑒲 � 𑒃𑒞
𑒁𑓀𑒫𑒱 ।
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Videha e-Journal: Issue No. 393 at www.videha.co.in

𑒮𑒧 𑒢 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒩 𑒣𑒰𑒩𑒧𑓂𑒣𑒰𑒩 𑒏 𑒫𑒱 𑒠𑓂𑒨 𑒣𑒰𑒫𑒱𑒞- 𑒫𑒱𑒔𑒰 𑒫𑒱 𑒠𑒹 𑒯 𑒮𑒧𑓂𑒧𑒰 𑒢𑒮 𑒮𑒧𑓂𑒧𑒰 𑒫𑒱𑒢𑒞 ��𑒩 𑒣𑒰𑒢𑒏𑒪𑒲 𑒪𑒲 𑒧𑒝𑓂𑒛𑒪𑒲 𑒠𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒩

𑒠𑒹𑒧𑒫𑒱 𑒪𑒲 𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑓂𑒭 𑒑𑒖𑓂𑒖𑒢𑒢 𑒮 𑒞 𑒨𑒰 𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑓂𑒭 𑒂𑒮 𑒞𑓂𑒣𑒰। 𑒯𑒢𑒳𑒧𑒢𑓂𑒞 𑒅𑒏𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒢- 𑒧 𑒢𑒳𑒩𑓂𑒭 𑒫𑒱𑒧𑒯 𑒮𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵𑒞 𑒧𑓂।

𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳𑒏𑓂𑒩𑒧

𑒌 𑒁𑓀𑒏𑒠𑒹𑒧 𑒁𑓀𑒫𑒱 :-

𑓑.𑓑.𑒑𑒠𑒹 𑒢𑓂𑒠𑓂𑒩 𑒚𑒰 𑒏𑒳𑒩- 𑒢𑒞𑒢 𑒁𑓀𑒏 𑒮𑒧𑓂𑒣𑒰 𑒏 𑒨𑒰

𑓑.𑓒.𑒁𑓀𑒏 𑓓𑓙𑓒 𑒣𑒰𑒩 𑒫𑒱𑒙𑒣𑓂𑒣𑒝

𑓒.𑒑𑒠𑓂𑒨

𑓒.𑓑.𑒏𑒳 𑒢 𑒏𑒝- 𑒯𑒫𑒱𑒢 𑒏 -𑒣𑒰𑒔𑒰-𑒣𑒰𑒩𑒠𑒹𑒧𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩

𑓒.𑓒.𑒣𑒰𑒩𑒧 𑒢 𑒪𑒲 𑒪𑒲 𑒏𑒝-𑒂𑒩𑓂𑒭 𑒜𑓃 𑒧 𑒮𑒏 𑒋𑒏 𑒬 𑒏 𑒧 𑒯 𑒞𑓂𑒧𑓂𑒨

𑓒.𑓓.𑒮𑒠𑒹𑒞 𑒩𑓂𑒭 𑒏𑒳𑒧 𑒩 𑒩 𑒨𑒰 ' 𑒠𑒹𑒙 𑒯 ' 𑒠𑒹𑒏𑒩 𑒨𑒰𑒩 '𑒪𑒲 𑒨𑒰 𑒙'
𑓒.𑓔.𑒪𑒲 𑒪𑒲 𑒠𑒹 𑒏 𑒧𑒞-𑒣𑒰 𑒠𑒹𑒩 𑒢 𑒧 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒫𑒱𑒧𑒪𑒲 / 𑒒𑒩-𑒒𑒮𑒩 /
𑒑 𑒠𑒹𑒩𑒢𑓂𑒙𑒙 : 𑒫𑒱 𑒠𑒹𑒯𑒢 𑒏

𑓒.𑓕.𑒩 𑒢𑓂𑒠𑓂𑒩 𑒢 𑒩 𑒨𑒰𑒝 𑒫𑒱𑒧𑒬𑓂𑒩-𑒮 𑒧 𑒏 𑒍𑒫𑒱𑒯 𑒣𑒰 𑒩 ( 𑒩 𑒯 𑒏

𑒅𑒣𑒰𑒢𑓂𑒨𑒰 𑒮)

𑓒.𑓖.𑒮𑒠𑒹𑒞 𑒩𑓂𑒭 𑒏𑒳𑒧 𑒩 𑒩 𑒨𑒰 ' 𑒠𑒹𑒙 𑒯 '- 𑒪𑒲𑒒𑒏 - 𑒮𑒠𑒹𑒯 𑒩 𑒫𑒱𑒯𑒢

𑓒.𑓗.𑒩 𑒢𑓂𑒠𑓂𑒩 𑒢 𑒩 𑒨𑒰𑒝 𑒫𑒱𑒧𑒬𑓂𑒩-𑒧 𑒞𑒵𑒬𑒩𑒝𑒧𑓂

𑓒.𑓘.𑒫𑒱𑒢𑒧𑒪𑒲 𑒏𑒝- 𑒁𑓀𑒫𑒱 𑒫𑒱𑒬 𑒠𑒹 𑒣𑒰 -𑓓𑓙

𑓓.𑒣𑒰𑒠𑓂𑒨

𑓓.𑓑.𑒧𑒳𑒢𑓂𑒢𑒰 - 𑒫𑒱𑒏 𑒯 𑒃𑒏

𑓓.𑓒.𑒩 𑒫𑒱𑒏𑒠𑒹𑒬 𑒩 𑒫𑒱𑒧𑒬𑓂𑒩-𑒢 𑒏 𑒩

𑓓.𑓓.𑒂𑒔𑒰 𑒨𑒰 𑒩 𑒧 𑒢 𑒧 𑒪𑒲-𑒁𑓀 𑒩 𑒮 𑒞 / 𑒦𑒰 / 𑒠𑒹𑒏 𑒧𑒢

𑓓.𑓔. . 𑒫𑒱 𑒨𑒰 𑒅𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒧 𑒢 𑒩- 𑒢 𑒫𑒱𑒣𑒰𑒞 𑒪𑒲 𑒯

 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 1

𑓑.𑓑.𑒑𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑓂𑒠𑓂𑒩 𑒚𑒰 𑒏𑒳𑒩- 𑒢𑒴𑒞𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒏 𑒮𑒧𑓂𑒣𑒰 𑒠𑒏 𑒨

𑓑.𑓒.𑒁𑓀𑒏 𑓓𑓙𑓒 𑒣𑒩 𑒙𑒱 𑒣𑓂𑒣𑒝𑒲

 𑒫𑒱
2 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑓑.𑓑.𑒑𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑓂𑒠𑓂𑒩 𑒚𑒰 𑒏𑒳𑒩- 𑒢𑒴𑒞𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒏 𑒮𑒧𑓂𑒣𑒰 𑒠𑒏 𑒨

𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒡𑒩 𑒏 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒮

𑒏𑒰 𑒧𑒹 𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩 𑒧𑒹 𑒡𑒩 𑒖𑒲 𑒏𑒰 𑒮𑒧𑒹 𑒮 𑒧𑒹 𑒟𑒱 𑒪𑒲 𑒏𑒰 𑒫 𑒣𑒠𑓂𑒨 𑒮𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒯 𑒁𑒟𑒱 । 𑒌

𑒧𑒹 𑓑.𑒦𑒟𑒱 𑒑𑒰 𑒨 (𑒧𑒹𑒯 𑒑𑒰𑒝𑒣𑒟𑒱 , 𑒬𑒰 𑒩𑒧𑒹 !, 𑒧𑒹𑒯 𑒟𑒱 𑒏𑒰𑒩 !,
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 3

𑒧𑒹𑒯 𑒏𑒵𑒭𑓂𑒝!, 𑒧𑒹𑒯 𑒑𑒰𑒧𑒹 !, 𑒧𑒹𑒯 𑒏𑒰 𑒬𑒰 !, 𑒩 𑒁𑒫𑒡𑒧𑒹 , 𑒧𑒹𑒯 𑒖𑒲 𑒏𑒰 !, 𑒧𑒹𑒯 𑒮 𑒄!,

𑒯𑒩 𑒯𑒩 𑒯 𑒧𑒹 𑒫; 𑓒.𑒧𑒹𑒪𑒲 𑒏𑒰𑒑𑒰 (𑒂𑒯𑓂𑒫𑒰 ; 𑒯 𑒁𑒑𑒰 𑒂 𑒧𑒹 𑒛𑓃𑒰 𑒁𑒑𑒰 ;
𑒋-𑒧𑒹 𑒙𑒰 𑒏𑒰 𑒗𑒑𑒰𑒛𑓃𑒰 ; 𑒑𑒰 ; 𑒧𑒳𑒧𑒹 𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩-𑒑𑒰 ; 𑒁𑒧𑒹𑒨 𑒡 𑒧𑒹 𑒩 ; 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒬𑓂𑒢
𑒩 𑒮; 𑒧𑒹𑒮 𑒯𑒩; 𑒡𑒳-𑒖𑒲 ; 𑒂𑒋𑒪𑒲 𑒮𑒢𑓂𑒞; 𑒁𑒯 𑒏𑒰 𑓄 𑒢𑒳𑒏𑒰 𑒋𑒪𑒲
𑒩 𑒡 ; 𑒑𑒰 𑒮 𑒦𑒟𑒱𑒩 𑒑𑒰𑒑𑒰 𑒧𑒹𑒏𑒰); 𑒂 𑓓.𑒏𑒰 𑒫 𑒡 𑒩 (𑒮𑒧𑒹 𑒮; 𑒣𑒣𑓂𑒣𑒰 , 𑒣𑒩
𑒧𑒹𑒑𑒰 𑒪𑒲 𑒟𑒱𑒏𑒰𑒋’?; 𑒃𑒩 𑒧𑒹𑒏𑒰; 𑒂𑒑𑒰 , 𑒧𑒹 𑒣 𑒣𑒑𑒰𑒯 ; 𑒯 𑒟𑒱 𑒩𑒯𑒪𑒲
𑒟𑒱 𑒏𑒰 𑒧𑒹 𑒩; 𑒧𑒹𑒯 𑒮 𑒨; 𑒟𑒱𑒮𑒧𑒹 𑒯; 𑒮𑒧𑓂𑒫𑒰 ; 𑒟𑒱𑒫 𑒩; 𑒋, 𑒖𑒲 𑒃 𑒟𑒱 𑒧𑒹𑒨 ’;
𑒛𑓃𑒰𑒏𑒰 - 𑒛𑓃𑒰 ; 𑒧𑒹𑒙𑒰𑒛𑓃𑒰𑒩𑒏𑒰 𑒟𑒱𑒯 ; 𑒧𑒹𑒙𑒰𑒟𑒱𑒪𑒲𑒧𑒹 𑒛𑓃𑒰 𑒨𑒩 ; 𑒦 ; 𑒏𑒰 𑒩
𑒩𑒑𑒰𑒏𑒰 𑒟𑒱𑒯 ; 𑒧𑒹𑒯𑒩 𑒧𑒹𑒑𑒰𑒪𑒲 𑒑𑒰 𑒯 𑒩; 𑒏𑒰𑒧𑒹 𑒏𑒰 𑒩; 𑒯 𑒯 𑒮𑒦𑒙𑒰 ;
𑒫𑒏𑒰 𑒬𑒰𑒐 ; 𑒂𑒖𑒳𑒏𑒰 𑒟𑒱 ; 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒨 𑒞𑓂𑒩𑒰 ; 𑒣 𑒣𑒝- 𑒧𑓂𑒥𑒄 𑒬𑒰𑒯𑒩;
𑒫 𑒣 𑒩𑒫 ; 𑒫𑒞𑒳𑒟𑒱𑒩𑒨 𑒧𑒹 𑒟𑒱 𑒪𑒲; 𑒯 𑒂 𑒟𑒱𑒪𑒲𑒐 𑒏𑒰 ? ; 𑒟𑒱 𑒗 𑒧𑒹𑒑𑒰𑒪𑒲
𑒟𑒱𑒛𑓃𑒰𑒟𑒱 𑒨 ; 𑒁 𑒧𑒹𑒮 𑒯 𑒩𑒐 ; 𑒖𑒲𑒪𑒲𑒫 𑒨 𑒣𑒟𑒱𑒩𑒫 ; 𑒟𑒱𑒫𑒧𑒹 𑒬𑒰𑒩𑒏𑒰 𑒧𑒹 𑒪𑒲 ;
𑒂𑒞𑓂𑒧𑒰 𑒏𑒰 𑒧𑒹𑒐 𑒖𑒲) 𑒌 (𑓑.𑒦𑒟𑒱 𑒑𑒰 𑒨 , 𑓒.𑒧𑒹𑒪𑒲 𑒏𑒰𑒑𑒰 𑒂
𑓓.𑒏𑒰 𑒫 𑒡 𑒩 ) 𑒏𑒰 𑒮𑒧𑒹 𑒩 𑒁𑒟𑒱 ।
𑒪𑒲 𑒣𑒠𑓂𑒨 𑒧𑒹𑒮𑒧𑒹𑒯 𑒁𑒟𑒱 𑒂 𑒣𑒨 𑒫𑒩𑒝𑒏𑒰 𑒟𑒱 𑒢𑓂𑒞 𑒧𑒹𑒮𑒧𑒹𑒯 । 𑒟𑒱𑒫𑒧𑒹 𑒬𑒰𑒩𑒏𑒰 𑒧𑒹 𑒪𑒲
𑒧𑒹 𑒣𑒧𑒹𑒛𑓃𑒰 𑒟𑒱 𑒂 𑒁 𑒧𑒹𑒮 𑒯 𑒩𑒐 𑒧𑒹𑒮𑒧𑒹𑒯 𑒂 𑒧𑒹𑒮 𑒍 𑒟𑒱𑒪𑒲𑒧𑒹𑒐 𑒟𑒱 -
“ 𑒟𑒱𑒩𑒮𑒧𑒹 𑒏𑒰𑒩𑒋/ 𑒦 𑒋 𑒙𑒰𑒧𑒹 𑒏𑒰𑒩𑒋/ 𑒮 𑒏𑒰𑒙𑒰𑒧𑒹 𑒏𑒰𑒩𑒋”-
𑒏𑒰𑒧𑒹𑒯 𑒪𑒲 𑒯 𑒯 𑒩 । 𑒫𑒞𑒳𑒟𑒱𑒩𑒨 𑒧𑒹 𑒟𑒱 𑒪𑒲𑒏𑒰 𑒅𑒏𑒰𑒙𑒰 -𑒧𑒹𑒣 𑒯𑒳 𑒏𑒰
𑒧𑒹 𑒧𑒹𑒮 𑒯 𑒃 𑒟𑒱 । 𑒫 𑒮𑒦𑒧𑒹 𑒧𑒹𑒙𑒰 𑒧𑒹 𑒬𑒰, 𑒁𑒮 𑒧𑒹𑒯 𑒃 𑒧𑒹𑒪𑒲 𑒏𑒰
𑒂 𑒫 𑒣 𑒩𑒫 𑒏𑒰 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒧𑒹𑒏𑒰 𑒣 𑒏𑒰𑒟𑒱𑒫𑒧𑒹𑒏𑒰 𑒋𑒏𑒰𑒙𑒰 𑒧𑒹 𑒝𑓂𑒛 𑒧𑒹 𑒫𑒩𑒢𑓂
𑒫 𑒣 𑒩𑒫 𑒏𑒰 𑒋𑒏𑒰𑒙𑒰 𑒣𑓂𑒪𑒰 𑒮 𑒟𑒱𑒗 𑒣𑒧𑒹𑒛𑓃𑒰 𑒟𑒱 𑒂 𑒍 𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒳𑒥𑓂𑒡 𑒟𑒱 ।
𑒂𑒖𑒳𑒏𑒰 𑒟𑒱 𑒟𑒱 𑒧𑒹 𑒟𑒱 𑒁𑒟𑒱𑒑𑒰𑒪𑒲 𑒨 𑒞𑓂𑒩𑒰 𑒧𑒹𑒪𑒲𑒪𑒲 𑒧𑒹𑒣𑒙𑒰 𑒧𑒹𑒮𑒧𑒹 । 𑒏𑒰𑒧𑒹 𑒏𑒰
𑒩 𑒂𑒟𑒱 𑒧𑒹𑒑𑒰𑒪𑒲 𑒟𑒱 𑒖𑒲 𑓄 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒩 𑒧𑒳 𑒧𑒹𑒑𑒰𑒪𑒲 𑒟𑒱 ।
𑒟𑒱𑒛𑓃𑒰𑒟𑒱 𑒨 𑒧𑒹𑒏𑒰 𑒍 𑒃 𑒟𑒱 𑒣𑒏𑒰 𑒟𑒱𑒬𑒰𑒐 𑒏𑒰 𑒟𑒱 𑒧𑓂𑒥।
𑒧𑒳 𑒡𑒩 𑒧𑒹𑒏𑒰 𑒧𑒹𑒮 𑒟𑒱𑒡 𑒩𑒯𑒪𑒲 𑒫, 𑒧𑒹𑒖𑒲 𑒧𑒹𑒮 𑒧𑒹𑒮 𑒟𑒱𑒫𑒖𑓂𑒘𑒰 𑒣 𑒟𑒱𑒣 𑒩𑒯𑒪𑒲
 𑒫𑒱
4 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒁𑒟𑒱 , 𑒧𑒹𑒮 𑒧𑒹 𑒟𑒱𑒐 𑒍 𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒳𑒥𑓂𑒡 𑒟𑒱 , 𑒧𑒹𑒮 𑒂 𑒍 𑒟𑒱𑒪𑒲𑒐 𑒏𑒰 ?

𑒂 ’𑒂𑒞𑓂𑒧𑒰 𑒏𑒰 𑒧𑒹𑒐 𑒖𑒲’ 𑒧𑒹 𑒍 𑒬𑒰𑒟𑒱 𑒏𑒰 𑒮 𑒙𑒰𑒮𑓂𑒟 𑒟𑒱 𑒖𑒲 𑒃 𑒟𑒱 -
’ 𑒙𑒰𑒮𑓂𑒟 𑒦𑓄 𑒧𑒹𑒑𑒰𑒪𑒲 / 𑒮𑒧𑒳𑒠𑓂𑒩𑒏𑒰 𑒣 𑒟𑒱 𑒖𑒲𑒏𑒰 / 𑒣𑒯 𑒛𑓃𑒰𑒏𑒰 𑒂𑒏𑒵𑒟𑒱 𑒖𑒲𑒏𑒰 /
𑒏𑒰 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒏𑒵𑒟𑒱 𑒖𑒲𑒏𑒰 / 𑒮𑒨𑒏𑒰 𑒁𑒟𑒱𑒦𑒫 𑒟𑒱 𑒖𑒲𑒏𑒰 / 𑒢𑓂𑒠𑓂𑒩𑒏𑒰 𑒧𑒹 𑒟𑒱𑒪𑒲𑒏𑒰
𑒖𑒲𑒏𑒰 / 𑒧𑒹𑒩𑒑𑒰 𑒏𑒰 𑒠𑒵𑒟𑒱 𑒖𑒲𑒏𑒰 / 𑒑𑒰 -𑒫𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒳𑒏𑒰 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒦 𑒫 𑒖𑒲𑒏𑒰 ।’
𑒏𑒰 𑒧𑒹 𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩 𑒧𑒹 𑒡𑒩 𑒖𑒲 𑒏𑒰 𑒮 𑒪𑒲 𑒣𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒳 𑒟𑒱 𑒨𑒋𑒯 𑒬𑒰𑒟𑒱 𑒏𑒰 । 𑒧𑒹𑒖𑒲
’𑒁𑒟𑒱𑒑𑒰𑒪𑒲 𑒨 𑒞𑓂𑒩𑒰 𑒧𑒹𑒪𑒲𑒪𑒲 𑒧𑒹𑒣𑒙𑒰 𑒧𑒹𑒮𑒧𑒹 ’ 𑒟𑒱 𑒟𑒱 𑒏𑒰 𑒂 ’ 𑒧𑒹𑒩𑒑𑒰 𑒏𑒰
𑒠𑒵𑒟𑒱 𑒖𑒲𑒏𑒰 ’ 𑒙𑒰𑒮𑓂𑒟 𑒏𑒰 𑒏𑒰 𑒟𑒱 𑒖𑒲 𑒃 𑒁𑒟𑒱 ।
𑒧𑒹𑒬𑓂𑒫 𑒬𑓂𑒫 𑒩 𑒅𑒣𑒟𑒱 𑒭 𑒧𑒹 𑒄𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩𑒏𑒰 𑒞𑒳𑒪𑒲 𑒖𑒲 𑒑𑒰𑒩𑒮 𑒏𑒰𑒋𑒪𑒲 𑒧𑒹𑒑𑒰𑒪𑒲
𑒁𑒟𑒱 , 𑒂 𑒬𑒰𑒏𑒰𑒩 𑒨 𑒏𑒰𑒧𑒹𑒯 𑒟𑒱 𑒧𑒹𑒖𑒲 𑒖𑒲𑒏𑒰𑒩 𑒖𑒲 𑒏𑒰 𑒧𑒹𑒦 𑒧𑒹 𑒗𑒪𑒲
𑒧𑒹 𑒧𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒲 𑒑𑒰𑒩𑒏𑒰 𑒏𑒰𑒩 𑒮 𑒂𑒬𑓂𑒔𑒟𑒱𑒨 𑒧𑒹𑒯 𑒃 𑒟𑒱 । 𑒧𑒳 𑒏𑒰 𑒧𑒹 𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩
𑒧𑒹 𑒡𑒩 𑒖𑒲 𑒏𑒰 𑒂𑒞𑓂𑒧𑒰 𑒏𑒰 𑒧𑒹𑒐 𑒖𑒲 𑒮𑓂𑒣 𑒏𑒰𑒧𑒹𑒩 𑒁𑒟𑒱 𑒧𑒹𑒖𑒲 𑒍 𑒖𑒲 𑒏𑒰
𑒏𑒰𑒩 𑒮 𑒂𑒬𑓂𑒔𑒟𑒱𑒨 𑒧𑒹 𑒧𑒹𑒯 𑒃 𑒟𑒱 । 𑒂 𑒂𑒬𑒰 𑒏𑒰𑒩 𑒧𑒹𑒖𑒲 𑒍
𑒙𑒰𑒮𑓂𑒟 𑒧𑒹𑒯 𑒏𑒰 𑒟𑒱 𑒧𑓂𑒥𑒧𑒹𑒏𑒰 𑒁𑒟𑒱𑒑𑒰𑒪𑒲 𑒮𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒯𑒧𑒹 𑒂𑒩 𑒂𑒑𑒰 𑒜𑓃𑒰 𑒟𑒱 , 𑒏𑒰 𑒩𑒝
𑒯𑒳 𑒏𑒰𑒩 𑒮 𑒪𑒲 𑒣𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒳𑒧𑒹𑒏𑒰 𑒟𑒱 𑒧𑒹𑒪𑒲𑒪𑒲 𑒧𑒹𑒑𑒰𑒪𑒲 𑒟𑒱 ।

𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒬 𑒅𑒣 𑒡 𑒨𑒏 𑒞𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒙𑒱 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒝𑒲

𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒬 𑒅𑒣 𑒡 𑒨𑒏 𑒞𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒙𑒱 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒝𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒐𑒝𑓂𑒛𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱 𑒦𑒰 𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 - 𑓑.

𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒞𑓂𑒨𑒏𑓂𑒭 (𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒗𑒰𑒿 -𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒗𑒰𑒿 ), (𑓒) 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳 𑒢𑒴, (𑓓) 𑒅𑒣 𑒢𑒴 ( ��𑒪𑒢𑒴
𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒢𑒴 𑒃) 𑒂 (𑓔) 𑒬𑒥𑓂𑒠 (𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒏 𑒑 𑒯𑒲 )। 𑒖𑒹 𑒡 𑒖𑓂𑒘𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒣𑓂 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏
𑒄 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒮 𑒡𑒢𑒴 𑒌 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒐𑒝𑓂𑒛𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।

𑒐𑒝𑓂𑒛 𑒋𑒏
𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒞𑓂𑒨𑒏𑓂𑒭
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 5

𑒑𑒖𑒹 𑒬𑒏 𑒂𑒯𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒢𑒴: 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒬 𑒏 𑒂𑒯𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒄 𑒐𑒝𑓂𑒛 𑒬𑒳 � 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞

𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।𑒂 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒂𑒯𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒭𑒨𑒣𑒩 𑒬𑒳𑒩𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒄
𑒢𑒴𑒪 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒩𑓂𑒦𑒧𑒖𑒹 𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒢𑒴𑒏
𑒂𑒯𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒄 𑒏 𑒨 𑒣𑒝𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।

𑒂𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒂𑒯𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒣𑒩 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲

𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 , 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒮𑒏 𑒩 𑒞𑓂𑒧𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒩 𑒞𑓂𑒧𑒏 𑒮𑒑𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒏 𑒡 𑒮
𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒋𑒪 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 , 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋𑒏 𑒞 𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱
𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒂𑒯𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒣𑒩 𑒏𑒋𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪।
𑒂𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒏 𑒅𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒩: 𑒋𑒏𑒩 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒄 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹 𑒄 𑒂𑒯𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒣
𑒢𑓂𑒧𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑒨𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪/ 𑒯𑒲𑒋𑒞।

𑒂𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴, 𑒄 𑒞 𑒒𑒳� 𑒒𑒳�𑒖𑒹 𑒂 𑒞𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 , 𑒂 𑒍𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴

𑒏 𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰
𑒂𑒯𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒴 𑒬𑓂𑒨𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒠𑓂𑒡 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।
𑒂𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒏 𑒅𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒩: 𑒄 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒝𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒯𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒨 𑒣𑒝𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 � 𑒩𑒝𑒲
𑒖𑒹 , 𑒞𑒃𑒖𑒹 𑒠 𑒩𑒝𑒲𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳 𑒢𑒴 𑒬 𑒙𑒱 𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒪, 𑒄 𑒖𑒹
𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 𑒠𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒠𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒯𑒲
𑒂𑒯𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒏 𑒨 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒩𑓂𑒦𑒧 𑒏𑒋𑒪 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒄 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳 𑒢𑒴
𑒪𑒑 𑒍𑒪 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒃 𑒤𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋𑒏
𑒞 𑒄 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒨𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒩𑒴𑒣 𑒮 𑒃𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 , 𑒂 𑒂𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒤𑒪
𑒅𑒣𑒪𑒥𑓂𑒡 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।

𑒂𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫� 𑒄 𑒞𑒏 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩𑒞 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒄 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒖𑓂𑒘𑒰 𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱

 𑒫𑒱
6 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒯𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒏 𑒣𑒝𑒲 𑒦𑒰 � 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 , 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲-𑒮𑒧𑓂𑒥𑒢𑓂𑒡

𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒞𑒏𑒮 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒋𑒪 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।
𑒂𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒏 𑒅𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒩: 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒌 𑒞𑒏 (𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒯𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒨 𑒣𑒝𑒲 𑒏𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞
𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ) 𑒏 𑒮 𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒏 𑒂𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒬𑒏 𑒂𑒯𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 । 𑒧𑒳𑒠
𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒏 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒋𑒪
𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹 𑒌 𑒞𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒂𑒯𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒳𑒮𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒠 𑒩
𑒬𑒳𑒩𑒴 𑒏𑒋𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒂 𑒏𑒋𑒪 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।

𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒯𑒲 (𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒝𑒲 ), 𑒝𑒲 (𑒑 𑒨𑒢𑒴) 𑒂 𑒮𑓂 𑒙𑒱�𑒭𑓂𑒏 (𑒡 𑒢𑒴)

𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒄𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱 𑒬𑓂𑒫 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲
𑒏 𑒨 𑒮𑒧𑓂𑒣𑒰𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 , 𑒞 𑒏 𑒍 𑒣 𑒢𑓂𑒧𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒯𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒢𑒴/
𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲𑒋𑒞? 𑒂 𑒂𑒯𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒏𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒪 �𑒨
𑒮𑒧𑓂𑒣𑒰𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 , 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒩 𑒮 𑒥𑒰 𑒡 𑒍𑒃 𑒮 𑒡 𑒩𑒝𑒲
𑒂𑒯𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒠𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒯𑒲𑒋𑒞?

𑒌 𑒞𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒞𑒏𑒮 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒩𑓂𑒦𑒧 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒪 𑒄 𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒢𑓂𑒟𑒩𑓂𑒟, 𑓗-𑓘 𑒨 𑒥𑒰𑒐 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴!

(𑒮 𑒦𑒰: 𑒏 𑒪 𑒋 𑒣 𑒩: 𑒋𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒃𑒖𑒹 𑒣 𑒙𑒱 𑒨 𑒂𑒤 𑒃𑒙𑒱𑒝𑓂𑒛𑒨𑒢𑒴

𑒙𑒱𑒤𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒤 , 𑓑𑓙𑓙𑓓; 𑒮𑒞 𑒬 𑒢𑓂𑒠𑓂𑒩 𑒙𑒱 𑒠𑓂𑒨𑒰 𑒦𑒴𑒭𑒝𑒲: 𑒁𑓀 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 �𑒙𑓂𑒩𑒲 𑒂𑒤
𑒃𑒙𑒱𑒝𑓂𑒛𑒨𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒙𑒱 𑒏, 𑓑𑓙𑓒𑓑)

𑒮𑓂 𑒤𑒢𑒴 𑒋 . 𑒙𑒱𑒤𑒙𑒱𑒪𑓂𑒮 � 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒐 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟:

𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒐𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒣𑒘𑓂𑒖𑒲 𑒬 𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒐𑒮 𑒣𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱

𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒣𑒞𑓂𑒢𑒲 𑒂 𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒂 𑒋𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒪। 𑒋𑒏
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 7

𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒪𑒙𑒱 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒠𑓂𑒡 𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒐𑒏, 𑒡 𑒢𑒴। 𑒑𑒓𑓂 𑒖𑒹�𑒬 𑒮𑓂𑒣𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒩𑒴𑒣𑒮
𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒠𑓂𑒡 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒣𑓂𑒞 𑒏𑒨𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴, 𑒏𑒩 " 𑒑𑒠-𑒑𑒳𑒩𑒳"
𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 , 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮 𑒨𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒬𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒙𑒱𑒝𑒲𑒏 𑒮𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒪 𑒪
"𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒙𑒱 𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒙𑒱 𑒠𑓂𑒨𑒰 𑒪𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒮𑒩" 𑒏 𑒪𑒑𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒮 𑒏𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒯𑒲𑒋𑒞।

Genealogical records kept in Mithila suggest that he

had a wife and three sons and a daughter. One child
was the famous Nyaya author, Vardhamana. Gangesa
apparently achieved quite some fame during his
lifetime, referred to as "jagad-guru," which would be
the rough equivalent of "Distinguished University
Professor" for the educational institutions of his time.

[Phillips, Stephen, "Gangesa", The Stanford

Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2020 Edition),
Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL
= https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2020/entrie
s/gangesa/ ]

𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒬 𑒑𑒠𑒑𑒳𑒩𑒳 𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒣𑒩 𑒑𑒳𑒩𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒂 𑒣𑒩 𑒑𑒳𑒩 𑒏

𑒅𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒡 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒏𑓂𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒞𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑓂𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒞 ( �𑒠𑓂𑒡 𑒮𑓂𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒏
𑒣𑒩 𑒞 ) 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒏 � 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒣𑓂𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪𑒙𑒱 ।

𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒬𑒏 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒨 𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒂 𑒅𑒠𑒨𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒗𑒰𑒿

𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒬 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒥𑒰 𑒮 𑒂 𑒋𑒖𑒹 𑒮 𑒬𑒞 𑒥𑓂𑒠 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒂 𑒞𑒏𑒩
𑒠𑒳𑒭𑓂𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒮𑓂 𑒤𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒤𑒙𑒱𑒪𑓂𑒮 � 𑒮𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒨𑓂𑒨𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒨𑒏 𑒅𑒖𑒹𑒚𑒰𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒦𑒰 𑒬𑒣𑓂𑒞
 𑒫𑒱
8 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 । 𑒋𑒞 � 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑓂 𑒤𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒤𑒙𑒱𑒪𑓂𑒮 �

𑒞𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒙𑒱 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒝𑒲𑒏 𑒩𑒴 𑒐𑒝𑓂𑒛𑒏 𑒮𑒧𑓂𑒣𑒰𑒝𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒑𑓂𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳 𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒲 𑒩
𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 [Jewel of Reflection on the Truth about
Epistemology: A Complete and Annotated Translation
of the Tattva-cinta-mani, Bloomsbury Academic
(2020)]। 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒪 𑒥𑒰 .𑒣 . 𑒦𑒰𑒙𑓂𑒙 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒞𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒙𑒱 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒝𑒲𑒏
𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒮 𑓓 𑒐𑒝𑓂𑒛𑒏 𑒮𑒧𑓂𑒣𑒰𑒝𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳 𑒠 𑓒𑓐𑓒𑓑 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟
[𑓑. 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒞𑓂𑒨𑒏𑓂𑒭 (𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒗𑒰𑒿 -𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒗𑒰𑒿 ), (𑓒) 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳 𑒢𑒴, 𑒂 (𑓔) 𑒬𑒥𑓂 (𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒏
𑒑 𑒯𑒲 ); (𑓓) 𑒅𑒣 𑒢𑒴 (𑒞𑒳𑒪𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒢𑒴 𑒃)𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒙𑒱 [Word The
Sabdakhanda of Tattvacintamani- With Introduction,
Sanskrit Text, Translation And Explanation (2 Vols Set)
2005; Perception The Pratyaksa Khanda of The
Tattvacintamani 2012 (2 Vols Set); Inference the
Anumana Khanda of the Tattva Chintamani ( With
Introduction, Sanskrit text, Translation & Explanation
) (2 Vols Set) 2021 Published by Eastern Book Linkers,
Delhi]।

HONOUR KILLING OF GANGESH UPADHYAYA (FIRST

BY RAMANATH JHA, THEN BY UDAYANATH JHA
'ASHOK' (A PARALLEL HISTORY OF MITHILA AND
MAITHILI LITERATURE, WHY TODAY ITS NEED BEING
FELT MORE INTENSELY?)
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 9

I was not surprised, though I must have been when

I saw a monograph on Gangesh Upadhyaya, whose
copyright is being held by Sahitya Akademi, the
author of the monograph is Udayanath Jha ' Ashok'.
I thought that Udayanath Jha ' Ashok', who has been
given Bhasha Samman also, by the same Sahitya
Akademi, would do some justice. But truth and
research seem elusive in Sahitya Akademi
monographs, at least that I found in this monograph.

I searched and searched through chapters, that now

the author will show courage. But the author like
Ramanath Jha seems ashamed of the roots and
offspring of Gangesh Upadhyaya. He tries to confuse
the issue, but there is no confusion now at least since
2009. But in 2016 Sahitya Akademi seems to carry
out the casteist agenda. Udayanath Jha mockingly
pretends to search his name, lineage etc, where
nothing is there to search for, yet he could not
muster the courage, to tell the truth, and ends up
just repeating the facts in 2016 that Dineshchandra
Bhattacharya already has published way back in 1958.

The honour killing of Gangesh Upadhyaya by Prof.

Ramanath Jha is being taken forward by Sahitya
Akademi, Delhi in a most hypocritical way.
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Ramanath Jha's obscurantism vis-a-vis Panji is

evident from one example. The inter-caste marriage
in Panji was well known to him (but he chose to keep
the Dooshan Panji secret- which has been released
by us in 2009), and it was apparent that the great
navya-nyaya philosopher Gangesh Upadhyaya
married a "Charmkarini" and was born five years after
the death of his father (see our Panji Books Vol I &
II available at http://videha.co.in/pothi.htm ). Sh.
Dinesh Chandra Bhattacharya writes in the "History
of Navya-Nyaya in Mithila". (1958)

"The family which was inferior in social status is now

extinct in Mithila----- Gangesha's family is completely
ignored and we are not expected to know even his
father's name-----...As there is no other reference to
Gangesa we can assume that the family dwindled
into insignificance again and became extinct soon
after his son's death." [1958, Chapter III pages 96-
99), which is a total falsehood. He writes further that
all this information was given to him by Prof. R. Jha,
and he seemed thankful to him.

The following excerpt from Our Panji Prabandh (parts

I&II) is being reproduced below for ready reference:
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 11

𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒯𑒲𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒏 𑒏𑒝𑒲 𑒬𑒏। 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒩 𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩 -

𑒩𑒞𑓂𑒢𑒲 𑒏𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒢𑒴 𑒨𑒏 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒩 -𑒚𑒰 𑒏𑒳𑒩𑒏 𑒝𑒲
𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 1294 𑒄𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑓂𑒧 𑒂 . 1307 𑒄𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒢𑒴। .
𑒙𑒱𑒒𑒳𑒨 𑒮𑒳𑒠𑓂𑒠𑒲 𑒢𑒴 𑒞𑒳𑒑𑒪𑒏𑒮 1324-25 𑒄𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒣 𑒪 .
𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒥𑒰𑒢𑓂𑒡𑒏 𑒥𑓂𑒩𑒰 𑒯𑓂𑒧𑒝𑒲-𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒏 𑒣𑒘𑓂𑒖𑒲 𑒣𑒪 𑒨𑒢𑒴।, 𑒏 𑒨𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒂 𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒙𑒱 𑒨 𑒡
𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒡𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒏 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒣𑒏, 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒥𑓂𑒩𑒰 𑒯𑓂𑒧𑒝𑒲𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒑𑒳𑒝𑒲 𑒏𑒩 𑒗𑒰𑒿 , 𑒏𑒝𑒲
𑒏 𑒨𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪 𑒬𑒏𑒩𑒠𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫, 𑒂 𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒙𑒱 𑒨𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒙𑒱 𑒨𑒠𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳
𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒞𑒨 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒨�𑒏𑓂𑒞𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒯𑒲𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒮𑒂 𑒄 -
𑒯𑒲𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑓂𑒨𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒏 𑒬 𑒪 𑒯𑒲, 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑓂𑒨𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒏 𑒝𑒲 𑒬𑒏
𑓑𑓐𑓐𑓙 𑒬 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒠 𑒬𑒳𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒬𑒙𑒱𑒬 𑒬 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒭 -
...(𑒬 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑓑𑓐𑓑𑓙)𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒏 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒝𑓂𑒛𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒬 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑓑𑓒𑓔𑓘 𑒞𑒠𑒢𑒳𑒮 𑒩
𑓑𑓓𑓒𑓖 𑒄𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒥𑒰𑒢𑓂𑒡𑒏 𑒩-𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒘𑓂𑒖𑒲 .�𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒩𑒴𑒣𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒩𑓂𑒦𑒧𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴� 𑒨
𑒏𑒋𑒪𑒙𑒱 । 𑒣𑒳𑒢𑒴 𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒩𑒴𑒣𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰�𑒙𑒱𑒠𑓂𑒡 𑒙𑒱 𑒪 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒢𑒴
𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒬 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒡 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑓑𑓗𑓖𑓐 𑒄𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒬 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒋 .
𑒬 𑒐 𑒣𑒳𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒏𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒝𑒲𑒨𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰𑒍𑒪𑒙𑒱 । 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒣 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒘𑓂𑒖𑒲 𑒏 𑒩𑒮
𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒖𑒹 .𑒄 𑓑𑓖𑓗𑓘 𑒬 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑓑𑓖𑓐𑓐 𑒏𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒝𑒲𑒞)
𑒡 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠𑒖𑒹 𑓑𑓘𑓐𑓐 𑒄𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒋𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱 𑒨 (𑒏 𑒂𑒮𑒣 𑒮.
𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑓂𑒩𑒰 𑒯𑓂𑒧𑒝𑒲 𑒅𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒅𑒞𑓂𑒣𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪।

So, the Srotriyas as a sub-caste arose around 1800 CE

as per authentic panji files. Sh. Anshuman
Pandey [Gajendra Thakur of New Delhi provided me
with digitized copies of the genealogical records of
the Maithil Brahmins. The panjikara-s whose families
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have maintained these records for generations are

often reluctant to allow others to pursue their
records. It is a matter of 'intellectual property' to
them. I was fortunate enough to receive a complete
digitized set of panji records from Gajendra Thakur
of New Delhi in 2007. [Recasting the Brahmin in
Medieval Mithila: Origins of Caste Identity among the
Maithil Brahmins of North Bihar by Anshuman
Pandey, A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment
of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of
Philosophy (History) in the University of Michigan
2014].

Later these Panji Manuscripts were uploaded to

Videha Pothi at www.videha.co.in and google books
in 2009).

The so-called Maharajas of Darbhanga were

permanent settlement zamindars of Cornwallis, and
there were so many in British India, but in Nepal
there were none. In the annexure of our book (Panji
Prabandh vol I&II), we have attached copies of
genealogy-based upgradation orders (proof of
upgradation for cash). So, before 1800 CE, there
was no srotriya sub-caste in British India and there is
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 13

no such sub-caste within Maithil Brahmins in Nepal

part of Mithila even today. Srotriya before that
referred to following some education stream in
British India, in Nepal it still has that meaning.

ORIGINAL PANJI REFERENCES ARE PLACED BELOW:

DOOSHAN PANJI- THE BLACKBOOK

𑓔𑓙.

𑓑𑓘𑓘𑓒/ 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒝𑓂𑒛𑒩 𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒨 𑒠𑒢𑒴

𑒞𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒝𑒲 𑒠𑒢𑒴𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒬𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒄 𑒩𑒞𑓂𑒢𑒲 𑒏𑒩𑒏- 𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒬

𑒏 𑒩𑒏𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒬 𑒞𑒵𑒏 (𑒁𑓀𑒖𑓂𑒘𑒰 𑒞)

𑒪𑓂𑒪𑒦𑒰 𑒦𑒰 𑒃 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩

𑒖𑒹

𑓒𑓑𑒏 𑒩𑒏 𑒑𑒠𑓂𑒑𑒳�𑒩𑒳 𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒬 𑒠𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒞𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒙𑒱 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒝𑒲 𑓑𑓐//

𑒠𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒞𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒙𑒱 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒝𑒲 𑒏 𑒩𑒏

𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒬𑒏 𑒪𑓂𑒪𑒦𑒰 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞𑒵 𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒣𑒘𑓂𑒔 𑒭 𑒞𑒞 𑒞𑒞𑓂𑒫
𑒙𑒱 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒝𑒲 𑒏 𑒩𑒏 𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒬 𑒞𑓂𑒣𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫- 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒡 𑒏 𑒮𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒏
𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒑𑒖𑒹 𑒪𑒙𑒱

𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒞𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒙𑒱 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒝𑒲 𑒏 𑒩𑒏 ō ō 𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒬

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"𑒞𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒙𑒱 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒝𑒲 𑒏 𑒩𑒏 𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒬𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒭𑒨𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒐 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒢𑒴 .𑒣 . .

॥"𑒅𑒣𑒪𑒥𑓂𑒡 𑒣𑒘𑓂𑒖𑒲 𑒮

𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞𑒵 𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒣 𑒭 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒬 𑒞𑓂𑒣𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒃𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒣𑓂𑒩

𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒨𑒏𑒳 𑒙𑒱𑒣 :

𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒘𑓂𑒖𑒲 𑓓𑓙 𑒠𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒑𑒠𑒑𑒳𑒩𑒴 𑒑𑒳𑒩𑒴 𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒬 𑒮𑒳𑒞 𑒨 𑓒-

𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒨 𑒮 𑒨 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒞𑓂𑒨 𑒮𑒳𑒞 𑒮 𑒡𑒳𑒏𑒩 𑒣𑒞𑓂𑒢𑒲

𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒘𑓂𑒖𑒲 𑓓𑓓𑓙 𑒑𑒠𑒑𑒳𑒩𑒴 𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒬 𑒮𑒳𑒞 𑒮𑒳𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒦𑒰𑒝𑓂𑒛 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒮 𑒮 𑓓-
.𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒞𑓂𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒠 ॥ 𑒣𑒳 𑒮𑒳𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒩 𑒙𑒱 𑒪 𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒞𑓂𑒢𑒲 𑒋 𑒮𑒳𑒞
𑒮 𑒑𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩। 𑒁𑓀 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒳𑒣𑒢𑒴𑒦𑓂𑒩𑒰 𑒞𑒵 𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒬𑒩𑓂𑒧𑓂𑒧 𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑓂𑒫𑒔𑒙𑒱 𑒞𑓂𑒣
𑒙𑒱 𑒪 𑒑𑓂𑒩

𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒘𑓂𑒖𑒲 𑓓𑓐. 𑒠𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒅𑒣 𑒨𑒏 𑒩𑒏 𑓕= 𑒠𑓂𑒡 𑒢𑒴 .𑒣 .

. . -𑒮𑒳𑒞 𑒐𑒝𑓂𑒛 𑒪 𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒮𑒳𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒬 𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒣𑒞𑓂𑒢𑒲 𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒬
𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒬𑒩𑓂𑒧𑓂𑒧 /𑒮𑒳𑒣𑒢𑒴 / �𑒠𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒢𑒴

Gangesh, the author of the Tattvachintamani, wrote

one text equivalent to 12,000 texts. Now come to the
fact mentioned in the Panji- it clearly states that
Gangesh of Tattvachintamani was born five years
after the death of his father and he married a tanner,
so why did Ramanath Jha hide this from Dinesh
Chandra Bhattacharya? Vardhamana, son of Gangesh,
calls Gangesh sukavikairavakananenduh. But the
conspiracy under which the poems of a famous
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 15

scholar like Gangesh are not available today is clear

from the example given above. Vasudev of Bengal
was a classmate of Pakshadhar Mishra of Mithila, he
came to study in Mithila, passed
the shalaka examination and received the title
of sarvabhaum. Vasudeva memorised
the tattvachintamani of Gangesh and
the nyayakusumanjali karika of Udayana. Pakshadhar
and other Mithila teachers did not allow writing
(copying) tattvachintamani. Raghunath Shiromani, a
disciple of Vasudeva, took the right of certification
after he defeated his guru Pakshadhar Mishra in a
scriptural debate (shastrartha). The Navya
Nyaya school was founded in Navadvipa by
Vasudeva-Raghunath. Pakshadhar Mishra was a
contemporary of Vidyapati (distinct from the Padavali
writer who was of the pre-Jyotirishwar period) who
wrote in Sanskrit and Avahatta. And the arrival of
Mithila students of Bengal from Bengal stopped after
Raghunath Shiromani. Gangesh Upadhyaya
enjoyed 'param guru' as well as 'jagad guru' titles,
the highest titles of the time and as per Panji only
Vacaspati Mishra II was the other person who
enjoyed the title of 'param guru'. The extinction of
Navya-Nyaya School from Mithila, as described
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above, was a revenge of nature against the honour

killing of Gangesh Upadhyaya and his family.

[Translation of the Maithili Short Story,

'Shabdashastram' (based on the true Panji records of
Gangesh Upadhyaya) was done by the author
Gajendra Thakur himself: published as 'The Science
of Words' Indian Literature Vol. 58, No. 2 (280)
(March/April 2014), pp. 78-93 (16 pages) Published
By: Sahitya Akademi]

-Gajendra Thakur, editor, Videha (be part of

Videha www.videha.co.in -send your WhatsApp no to
+919560960721 so that it can be added to the
Videha WhatsApp Broadcast List.)

𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒞 [email protected] 𑒣𑒩 𑒣𑒚𑒰 𑒅।

𑓑.𑓒.𑒁𑓀𑒏 𑓓𑓙𑓒 𑒣𑒩 𑒙𑒱 𑒣𑓂𑒣𑒝𑒲

𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒗𑒰𑒿
𑒂𑒠𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒨 𑒮𑒣 𑒠𑒏 𑒝𑓂𑒛𑒪, 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑓓𑓙𑓒 𑒁𑓀𑒏 𑒣 𑒪। 𑒑𑓂𑒩�𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒣𑓂
( .) 𑒙𑒱 𑒋𑒢𑒴 𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒏"𑒁𑓀𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒣𑒨 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑓂𑒘𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒠𑒵𑒙𑒱𑒭𑓂𑒙𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒝𑒲"
𑒮𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱 𑒭𑒨 𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒐 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮𑒢𑓂𑒢𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪। 𑒌 𑒞𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒏
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 17

𑒙𑒱 𑒭𑒨 𑒣𑒩 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒬𑒭𑒖𑓂𑒘𑒰 𑒠𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒩 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒝𑒲𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒐 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪 𑓐

𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒂 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒯𑒲 𑒠𑒳𑒢𑒳 𑒥𑒰𑒡 𑒄 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒣 𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒠 𑒗𑒰𑒿 '𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒏𑒳𑒪' 𑒖𑒹𑒏
𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒣 𑒪 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒪 𑒪𑒒𑒳�𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒏 𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒩 𑒏𑓂𑒭
𑒂 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒑𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒂 𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒮 𑒡𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒮𑒥𑒰 𑒣𑒩 𑒣𑒩𑒨 𑒥𑒰𑒪
𑒠𑒳𑒭𑓂𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒑𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮 𑒠𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒅𑒚𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒞
𑒏𑒳 𑒩 𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒏'𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒮 𑒮𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒞' 𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒏𑓂𑒭𑓂𑒨 𑒖𑒹 𑒬𑒯𑒲𑒩, 𑒏𑒮𑓂𑒥𑒰
𑒮𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒮𑒑 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒂 𑒍𑒄 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒑
𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒠𑒪𑒄𑒞 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒝𑒲 𑒏𑓂𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒮
𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪। 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒠 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒳 𑒩 𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒏'𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒣 𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒮
𑒂 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒝𑒲 ' 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒣𑒝𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒐। 𑒏𑒳𑒪 𑒙𑒱 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒪
𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒥𑒰 𑒐𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱 𑒡𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪, 𑒙𑒱 𑒭𑒨 𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒳 𑒂 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒬𑒪
𑒠𑒳𑒢𑒳 𑒩𑒴𑒣 𑒖𑒹 । 𑒮 𑒠𑒩।

𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒞 [email protected] 𑒣𑒩 𑒣𑒚𑒰 𑒅।

𑓒.𑒑𑒠𑓂𑒨𑒰
 𑒫𑒱
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𑓒.𑓑.𑒏𑒳 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒝𑒲- 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟 -𑒣 -𑒣𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩

𑓒.𑓒.𑒣𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒪 𑒏𑒝𑒲-𑒂𑒭 𑒮𑒏 𑒋𑒏 𑒠𑒬 𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒞𑓂𑒧𑓂𑒨
𑓒.𑓓.𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒭 𑒏𑒳 𑒩 𑒩 𑒨 '𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 ' 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒩 𑒨𑒩 '𑒪 𑒨 '
𑓒.𑓔.𑒪 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒞-𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱 𑒪 / 𑒒𑒳𑒩-𑒒𑒳�𑒮𑒩 /
𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒢𑓂𑒟 : 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟
𑓒.𑓕.𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑓂𑒠𑓂𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒨𑒝𑒲 𑒙𑒱 -𑒮 𑒏 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒩 (𑒡 𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒏
𑒅𑒣𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒮)
𑓒.𑓖.𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒭 𑒏𑒳 𑒩 𑒩 𑒨 '𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 '- 𑒪𑒒𑒳�𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟 - 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒠𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴
𑓒.𑓗.𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑓂𑒠𑓂𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒨𑒝𑒲 𑒙𑒱 - 𑒞𑒵𑒬𑒩𑒝𑒲𑒧𑓂
𑓒.𑓘.𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒏𑒝𑒲- 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒐 𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒣 -𑓓𑓙
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 19

𑓒.𑓑.𑒏𑒳 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒝𑒲- 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟 -𑒣 -𑒣𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩

𑒏𑒳 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒝𑒲
𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟 -𑒣 -𑒣𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩

𑒣𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒩 𑒏 𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒞𑒏 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒥𑒰𑒝𑓂𑒛𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒮𑓂𑒮𑒰

𑒮𑒥𑒰 𑒣𑒯𑒳 𑒨 𑒪𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 , 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒣 𑒮 𑒤 𑒙𑒱 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏।
𑒣𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒩𑓂𑒧𑓂𑒧𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒣𑒩𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏।
𑒣𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒂𑒦𑒰 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒨 𑒪𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒬 𑒒𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒣𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒏
𑒮 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩𑒨 𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏। 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒣𑒮 𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪 𑒣𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒩
𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒋𑒏 𑒅𑒣 𑒨 𑒮𑒳𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒑 𑒏 𑒣𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒞 𑒮𑒢𑒴
𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒮𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒥𑒰 𑒅𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒒𑒳'𑒩𑒏 𑒣𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒏𑒩𑒨
𑒪 𑒑𑒪। 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒏𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒥𑒰�𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒣𑒩 𑒣𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒥𑒰 𑒏-
𑒣𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒩 𑒂𑒥𑒰 "𑒣 -𑒣𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩" 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 !!

𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒞 [email protected] 𑒣𑒩 𑒣𑒚𑒰 𑒅।

 𑒫𑒱
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𑓒.𑓒.𑒣𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒪 𑒏𑒝𑒲-𑒂𑒭 𑒮𑒏 𑒋𑒏 𑒠𑒬 𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒞𑓂𑒧𑓂𑒨

𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 21
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22 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in
𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 23
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 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 25

𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒞 [email protected] 𑒣𑒩 𑒣𑒚𑒰 𑒅।

𑓒.𑓓.𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒭 𑒏𑒳 𑒩 𑒩 𑒨 '𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 ' 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒩 𑒨𑒩 '𑒪 𑒨 '
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𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒭 𑒏𑒳 𑒩 𑒩 𑒨 '𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 ' 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒩 𑒨𑒩 '𑒪 𑒨 '

8-11-2016

𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒠 : 𑒏 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴

𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑒞𑒏 𑒃𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒯𑒲 𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒠 '𑒥𑓂𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒢𑒴 ' 𑒂𑒍𑒩 '𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴

𑒪𑒮 ' 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒮𑒖𑒹 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒪 𑒏𑒢𑒴
𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒪 𑒃𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒯𑒲 𑒮 𑒏𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒞। 𑒂𑒚𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒧𑓂𑒥𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒂𑒚𑒰 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒑 𑒩
𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒡 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴𑒪 𑒮 𑒃 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒖𑒹 500
𑒂𑒍𑒩 1000 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒪𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒞। 𑒃 𑒥𑓂𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒢𑒴 ,
𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒪𑒮 𑒂𑒍𑒩 𑒂𑒞𑒏 𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒏 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪 𑒩𑒴 �
𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒬 𑒁𑓀 𑒏𑓂 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪। 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲-𑒅𑒣𑒢𑒴𑒨𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒪।
23 𑒄 𑒮 30 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒮𑒧𑓂𑒥𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪 𑒮 𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪।
𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒐 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒚𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲। 𑒮 𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒦𑒰 � 𑒖𑒹�𑒪
𑒏 𑒏 𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒪𑒑 500 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒒𑒳𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒣 𑒪
𑒪। 𑒨𑒏 𑒧𑒳 𑒃𑒪 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀 𑒪𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒞
𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪। 𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒃 𑒮𑒏 𑒮 𑒣𑒩
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 27

𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰। 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒑𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒏 𑒣𑒯𑒳𑒪𑒯𑒳 ।𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒏 𑒐�𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒮 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒏 𑒏 �

𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒣𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒣𑒞 𑒪𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒮
𑒏 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒞, 𑒣𑒩𑒘𑓂𑒔 𑒆 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � -𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒖𑒹� 𑒖𑒹 ।
𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒠𑒳𑒂𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒩 - 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒂𑒥𑒰 � 𑒣 𑒞।𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒞 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒐
𑒅𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒃 𑒒𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒏 �। 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒳 𑒡𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒪 - 𑒖𑒹�𑒪
𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒋𑒏-𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒮𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒡𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒞 𑒋𑒏-𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒠𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒪𑒯𑒳
𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒣 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒍𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒨 𑒪𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒞।

500 𑒂𑒍𑒩 1000 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒩 𑒣𑒳𑒩𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒠𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 ,

-𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒏 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒂𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒬 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲-𑒅𑒣𑒢𑒴𑒨𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒬𑒳𑒦𑒰-𑒧𑒳𑒯𑒴𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒢𑓂𑒟𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒪
𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪 𑒯𑒲 । 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒏 -𑒏𑒳 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪 । 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒴𑒏𑒪
𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 -𑒐𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒣 𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪। 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴-
𑒖𑒹𑒚𑒰𑒏 𑒨𑒪 𑒠𑒳𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒯𑒲 -𑒠𑒳𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒣 𑒪𑒏। 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒏 -𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒏 𑒮𑒑
𑒦𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒑 𑒏 � 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒏 𑒪 𑒃𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒑 𑒏 �
𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒬 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒑𑒖𑒹 𑒪𑒏। 𑒖𑒹 𑒡𑒡 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩
𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒡𑒡 𑒖𑒹 𑒣 𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪 ,𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒠𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒯𑒲 � 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒦𑒰
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪, 𑒖𑒹 -𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒪 𑒠𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒏 � 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪।
𑒏𑒧𑓂𑒣𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪। 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒪𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒮 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒮 𑒅𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒃𑒙𑒱 𑒨 𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒏𑒧𑒳𑒬𑓂𑒞𑒞 𑒋𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴
𑒣𑒏𑒖𑒹 𑒪 𑒯𑒲।

𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 '𑒥𑓂𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒢𑒴 ' 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒪। 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒪𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒏 �

𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒞। 𑒣𑒩𑒘𑓂𑒔 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒬𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒣 𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪। 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏
𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒏, 𑒬 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒏 𑒂𑒍𑒩 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏 𑒩𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒤 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒬 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒯𑒲।
 𑒫𑒱
28 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒑 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒂𑒪 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪। 𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒃 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒑𑓂𑒩 𑒤 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪 ।

𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒮 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒏-𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒙𑒱 𑒢𑒴𑒑
𑒅𑒮𑓂𑒮𑒰𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒞 𑒏 𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒯𑒲𑒏। 𑒪 𑒦𑒰 𑒏 𑒂𑒍𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒠 𑒮। 𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒏 𑒏 𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱 𑒢𑒴𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒚𑒰𑒢𑒴
𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪। 𑒦𑒴𑒐 𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒬 𑒖𑒹 । 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒨 𑒮𑒳𑒏𑒳 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴
𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒃 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑒞𑒏 𑒃𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒯𑒲 𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏।

𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒞 [email protected] 𑒣𑒩 𑒣𑒚𑒰 𑒅।

𑓒.𑓔.𑒪 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒞-𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱 𑒪 / 𑒒𑒳𑒩-𑒒𑒳�𑒮𑒩 /

𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒢𑓂𑒟 : 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟

𑒪 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒞
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 29

𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱 𑒪 / 𑒒𑒳𑒩-𑒒𑒳�𑒮𑒩 / 𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒢𑓂𑒟 : 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟

𑓑
𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱 𑒪
𑒮 '𑒅𑒣𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒮 ' 𑒂 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒩 𑒢𑒴 '𑒙𑒱𑒤𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰 ' 𑒋𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑒒𑒳 𑒮 𑒨𑒖𑒹𑒏
𑒁𑓀𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰𑒩 𑒪 𑒮 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒏 𑒬𑒢𑒴 𑒍 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮 𑒩𑒝𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒨। 𑒐𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒮
'𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 ' 𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒞𑓂𑒨 𑒩𑒞𑓂𑒢𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳𑒣𑒪 𑒪 𑒪 𑒏
𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒋𑒏 𑒣𑒨 𑒨 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒏। 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒬𑒨 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒬𑒢𑓂𑒢𑒞 𑒏 𑒑𑒣𑓂𑒣 𑒖𑒹
𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒪 𑒥𑒰𑒩𑒐 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒞 𑒂𑒞𑓂𑒧𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟 " 𑒙𑒱 𑒪 𑒎𑒩 𑒙𑒱�𑒞𑒢𑒴
𑒠𑒩" 512 𑒣 𑒏 𑒣𑒪 𑒏 𑒠 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒮 𑒅𑒣𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒮 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩
𑒢𑒴 𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒞𑓂𑒨 𑒏𑒳 𑒩 𑒠 𑒮(𑒦𑒰 .𑒣𑓂𑒩.𑒖𑒹𑒮.) 𑒂𑒍𑒩 𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒞𑓂𑒨 𑒮𑒮
𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒩 𑒂𑒩. 𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒏' 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒮𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑓂𑒘𑒰 𑒣 𑒚𑒰𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒮𑒏𑒪 𑒙𑒱 ।
𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒪𑓂𑒪 𑒮 𑒮𑒢𑓂𑒟 2023 𑒖𑒹 143 𑒣𑒭𑓂𑒙𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒮𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵𑒩𑒝𑒲'𑒏 𑒠
395 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒡 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒞 𑒏𑒨𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒏 ISBN
9788195994939 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒣𑓂𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒏। 𑒮𑒢𑓂𑒟 1931 𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒥𑒰 𑒩
𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒋𑒪 𑒪, 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒪𑒙𑒱 𑒣𑒩𑒠 𑒣𑒩
𑒙𑒱𑒤𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰 𑒋𑒪 ' 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒩 𑒢𑒴 ' 𑒩𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒬𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒬 𑒩 𑒮 𑒯𑒴 40 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒩
𑒠𑒬𑒏𑒖𑒹 𑒮 𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒂𑒢𑒴𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒂𑒄 𑒍 𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒨 𑒌 𑒡𑒩 𑒡 𑒣𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒅𑒣𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒮 𑒂 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒮𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒯𑒲 , 𑒢𑒴 𑒂 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒞
𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒏 𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒩 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑓐 𑒪 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒬𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒠𑓂𑒦𑒳�𑒞
𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒢𑒳𑒐𑒏 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒠𑒅𑒥𑒰𑒩𑒣𑒢𑒴, 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒏 𑒏
𑒂𑒠𑒬 𑒂 𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒨 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒯𑒲𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒍𑒣𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒏 𑒣 𑒏 𑒡
𑒮 𑒥𑒰 𑒮𑒏𑓂𑒭𑓂𑒧𑒞 𑒣 𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒝𑒲 𑒏𑒨𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒢𑒴 𑒨𑒏 ��𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒙𑒱 𑒨
,𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒨𑒏 - 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑓂𑒪𑒏 𑒍 𑒁𑓀𑒩𑒴𑒝𑒲 𑒂 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒨 𑒧𑒳𑒐 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒏,
𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒬𑒏 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒠𑒬𑒏 𑒂
 𑒫𑒱
30 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒣 𑒚𑒰𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒣 𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒞। 𑒅𑒢𑒴𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒮𑒏

𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒏𑒨𑒪 𑒣𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒣 𑒋𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒏
𑒋𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒮𑒳𑒂 𑒮𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒩𑒴𑒝𑒲 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏, 𑒙𑒱 𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞 𑒂
𑒏 𑒏 𑒏𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒑𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 । 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒁𑓀𑒩𑒴𑒝𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒡 𑒞𑓂𑒣 �
𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱 𑒩 𑒣 𑒦𑒴𑒙𑒱 𑒏' 𑒙𑒱 𑒨 𑒮𑒑 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒨 𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒄 । 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒚𑒰
𑒙𑒱 𑒨 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒞 𑒂 𑒅𑒠 𑒩 𑒠 𑒖𑒳𑒥𑒰𑒏 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒑 𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒳𑒡 𑒩
𑒂𑒢𑒴𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪 𑒑𑓂𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒞𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒢𑒴,𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒐𑒥𑒰 𑒅 𑒑𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒝𑒲 𑒂
𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒪𑒐 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒮 𑒮 𑒥𑓂𑒩𑒰𑒯𑓂𑒧 𑒨 𑒡𑒩 𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒠𑒳𑒬
𑒙𑒱𑒪𑓂𑒪𑒏 𑒩 𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒂 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒂𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒮𑒏 𑒏 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞
𑒖𑒹 𑒏। 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒥𑓂𑒩𑒰𑒯𑓂𑒧 𑒨 𑒣 𑒪𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒏𑒮𑓂𑒧𑒰 𑒞𑓂𑒣 𑒡 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒨 𑒙𑒱 ।, 𑒖𑒹𑒮
𑒁𑓀𑒞𑒩𑒑 𑒠𑒵𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒨� 𑒣 𑒚𑒰𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒬𑒭 𑒂𑒏𑒭𑒝𑒲 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒃 । 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒣 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒚𑒰 𑒙𑒱 𑒨 𑒏 𑒮𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒩𑒲 𑒩𑒳𑒣 𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒩𑒴𑒝𑒲 𑒋𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒪𑒑 𑒩𑒴𑒣𑒖𑒹
𑒮 𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒄 । 𑒑𑓂𑒩 𑒮𑒳𑒡 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒭𑒏 𑒏 𑒨𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒣𑒬𑓂𑒔𑒰 𑒞 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒞
𑒑𑓂𑒩 𑒝𑒲 𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒩𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒨 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒙𑒱 । 𑒣 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒏 15-16
𑒨𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒏𑒋 𑒑𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒞𑒩𑒴𑒝𑒲 𑒏𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒆 𑒣 𑒞 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 ,𑒮 𑒂𑒞𑓂𑒧 𑒨𑒞
𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴। 𑒋𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒋𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒂
𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒣 𑒩𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒩 𑒨 𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒣
𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒢𑒴। 𑒁𑓀𑒩𑒴𑒝𑒲 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒨 𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒠𑒵𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒂𑒠𑒩
𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒣 𑒩𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒠𑒩𑒠𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒮 𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒞 𑒃𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲
𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒏𑒠𑒩 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।
𑒣𑒩 𑒤 𑒮 𑒂 𑒎𑒐𑒙𑒱𑒡 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞
𑒨। 𑒐� 𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒠𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒢𑒴 𑒂 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒩
𑒂 𑒬𑓂𑒨𑒏𑒞 𑒣 𑒪 𑒣𑒩 𑒑𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒙𑒱 𑒠 𑒯𑒲
𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒬𑒳 𑒣𑒳 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒞 𑒨। 𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 31

𑒮 𑒪𑒏 𑒍 𑒥𑒰𑒔𑓂𑒔𑒰 "𑒂𑒢𑒴 " 𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒮𑒑 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒠𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒩

𑒂𑒥𑒰𑒌𑒏 𑒞 𑒩𑒴𑒑𑓂𑒝𑒰𑒝𑒲 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒩𑒴𑒝𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒪𑒪 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒂
𑒥𑒰 𑒪𑒏 𑒠𑒪 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒮𑒩 𑒃𑒏। 𑒂 𑒍
𑒥𑒰𑒔𑓂𑒔𑒰 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 - 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒧𑓂𑒥 𑒡𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩। 𑒮𑒳𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒠 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒔𑓂𑒔𑒰 𑒮
𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒞𑒵𑒣𑓂𑒞 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒨 𑒂 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒞 𑒣𑒩 𑒮 𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒠𑒳𑒪 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟-
𑒪 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒥𑒰𑒔𑓂𑒔𑒰 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒨 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒩𑒴𑒝𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 -
𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒣𑒩𑒮𑓂𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒞 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏। 𑒖𑒹 𑒠𑓂𑒨𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒙𑒱 '𑒨 𑒞 𑒩 ' 𑒏 𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒩
𑒂𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒏 𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒬 '𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒨 𑒑𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹
𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒡𑒏 𑒮𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒳𑒦𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒅𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒄𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒮𑒩 𑒋𑒏 𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒝𑒲
𑒠 𑒨𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒨 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒮𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒐�𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰 𑒪 𑒠𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒞 𑒮 𑒮𑒳𑒩
𑒁𑓀𑒨𑒪 𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒮𑓂 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 - 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒡𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒣 𑒩𑒪
𑒞𑒥𑒰𑒏 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒳𑒪 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴
𑒩𑒯𑒲 , 𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒚𑒰𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒞 𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒮𑒑 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱 𑒪 𑒏𑒩
𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒪 । 𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒦𑒰 𑒏 𑒣𑒨 𑒨 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒪 𑒄 ।

𑓒
𑒒𑒳𑒩 - 𑒒𑒳�𑒮𑒩
𑒒𑒳𑒩 - 𑒒𑒳�𑒮𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒅𑒣𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒮 𑒥𑒰 . 𑒦𑒰 𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵𑒩 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳𑒣 𑒩 �
𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒖𑒹𑒬𑒐𑒩 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒏 𑒬𑒢𑒴 𑒣 𑒢𑒴 𑒮 2019 𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒞 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹
157 𑒣 𑒖𑒹 𑒏, 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒠 200 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒏। 𑒌 𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒏
𑒅𑒣𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒮𑒏 𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑓐 𑒥𑒰 𑒮𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒚𑒰 𑒏𑒳𑒩 𑒂 𑒨- 𑒤� 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒠
𑒂 𑒖𑒹 𑒦𑒰 𑒨 𑒪𑒏𑓂𑒭𑓂𑒧 𑒚𑒰 𑒏𑒳𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑓂𑒧𑒰𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒮 𑒣𑒝𑒲 𑒏𑒨𑒪 𑒯𑒲
𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒥𑒰 . .𑒦𑒰 𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵𑒩 𑒑 𑒒𑒳𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒞 𑒋𑒏
𑒮𑓂𑒫 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒏𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒩𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒞 , 𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒞𑓂𑒨𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴𑒏
𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒑𑒞𑒖𑒹 - 𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒑𑒢𑓂𑒡, 𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒩𑒑 � 𑒐 𑒅𑒚𑒰 ,
 𑒫𑒱
32 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒠𑒳𑒬𑓂𑒧𑒢𑒴 𑒂 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒅𑒠𑓂𑒡 𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒐𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒨

𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒑𑒩𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 ,𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒡 𑒙𑒱𑒞𑓂𑒧𑒏 𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒥𑒰𑒢𑓂𑒡 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲
𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒙𑒱 । 𑒏𑒥𑒰 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒮 (𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒏 � ) 𑒂
𑒏 𑒏𑒵𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒍 𑒮𑒮𑓂𑒧𑒰𑒩𑒝𑒲 , 𑒅𑒣𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒮 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒏 𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒏𑒵𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒙𑒱 । 𑒦𑒰 𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵𑒩
𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒙𑒱 𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒙𑒱 𑒠𑓂𑒨𑒰 𑒪𑒨 - 𑒧𑒳 𑒤𑓂𑒤𑒤𑒩𑒣𑒳𑒩 𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒭𑒨𑒖𑒹
𑒮𑓂𑒢𑒰 𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒏 𑒏𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒞𑒑𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴
𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒞 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒏𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒲𑒢𑓂𑒟। 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴𑒏
𑒏𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒄 𑒙𑒱 , 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒠𑒩𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒮𑓂𑒖𑒹 𑒬𑒢𑒴 𑒮
𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒪𑒙𑒱 । 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒅 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒐𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴
𑒤� 𑒪𑒣𑒩 𑒮 ( 𑒡𑒳𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 ) 𑒖𑒹 15 𑒄 1957 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑓂𑒫0 𑒤𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒂
𑒥𑒰 𑒮𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒚𑒰 𑒏𑒳𑒩 𑒏 𑒒𑒳𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒯𑒲 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒑
𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 𑒣𑒝𑒲 - 𑒮𑒳𑒑 𑒣𑒙𑓂𑒙 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒏 𑒨𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒝𑒲
𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒞𑓂𑒨𑒏 𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒨𑒝𑒲 𑒨 𑒠 𑒏 𑒅𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।
𑒮𑒠𑓂𑒨𑒰𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒞 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒒𑒳𑒩 - 𑒒𑒳�𑒮𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒦𑒰 𑒭 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒏'
𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒏 𑒬𑒏 𑒨 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒞 𑒬𑒩𑒙𑒱 � 𑒖𑒹 𑒡𑒩 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟- " 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒳𑒞
𑒅𑒣𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒮 ' 𑒒𑒳𑒩- 𑒒𑒳�𑒮𑒩 ' 𑒑𑓂𑒩 𑒝𑒲 𑒁𑓀 𑒪𑒏 𑒋𑒏 𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟
𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒳𑒞 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒒𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒄 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒍𑒏𑒩
𑒅𑒠𑓂𑒒𑒰𑒒𑒳 𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒨𑒪 𑒄 । 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 , 𑒏𑒩𑒴𑒝𑒲 , 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑓂𑒢𑒰𑒯𑒲 ,
𑒞𑓂𑒮𑒪 , 𑒞𑓂𑒨 𑒑 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒏 𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒪𑒏 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 , 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 '𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒏
𑒮𑒯𑒲 𑒞 ,𑒮𑒳𑒪𑒦𑒰𑒞 𑒍 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒡 𑒮𑒳𑒑𑒢𑓂𑒡 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒠𑒦𑒳𑒞 𑒩𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒠𑒵𑒙𑒱𑒭𑓂𑒙𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒩
𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒄𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒦𑒰 𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵𑒩 𑒏 𑒅𑒣𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒮'𑒏 𑒬𑒳𑒦𑒰𑒮𑒖𑓂𑒘𑒰 𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒂𑒃𑒢𑒴-
𑒙𑒱𑒣 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒥𑒰𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒬𑒫𑓂𑒠𑒠 '𑒒𑒳𑒩-𑒒𑒳�𑒮𑒩 ' 𑒩 𑒐𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ,𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒬𑒫𑓂𑒠𑒠𑒏 𑒅𑒔𑓂𑒔𑒰 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒠𑒧𑓂𑒣𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒨 -𑒖𑒹 𑒪𑒖𑒹
𑒁𑓀𑒡 𑒙𑒱𑒑𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒞 𑒡 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒡𑒩 𑒏 𑒩𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒨
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 33

𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒞𑓂𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒞 𑒑𑒳𑒠𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒥𑒰 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒩𑒐𑒣𑒳𑒩 𑒋 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴

𑒄 । 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒒𑒳𑒩-𑒒𑒳�𑒮𑒩 𑒅𑒣𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒮 𑒣𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒣 𑒚𑒰𑒏 𑒩𑓂𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟 ,
𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒏𑒞 𑒂 𑒙𑒱 𑒪𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒝𑒲 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰𑒡𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒂𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹
𑒒𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒐𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒪𑒑 𑒄 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒯𑒲 𑒞 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱
1980 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒠𑒬𑒏𑒖𑒹 𑒪 � 𑒄 ।𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒍 45 𑒮 𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒑𑓂𑒩 𑒝𑒲
𑒖𑒹𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒬𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑓂𑒨𑒞 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒑𑒩𑒤𑓂𑒤𑒞𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒏। 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒚𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒬 𑒬𑒥𑓂𑒠 𑒮𑒥𑒰𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪
𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒪 𑒑𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒣𑓂𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏। 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒧𑒳𑒠𑓂𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒞𑓂𑒩𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒮
𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒬𑒫𑓂𑒠𑒠𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒪 𑒁𑓀 𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒦𑒰 � 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒂 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒏 𑒬𑒏
𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒤 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒨𑒖𑒹 � 𑒏𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒍𑒢𑒴 𑒅𑒣𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒮𑒏 𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒞 𑒑 -
𑒒𑒳𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨�𑒏𑓂𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰𑒨 𑒥𑒰 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒞(𑒧𑒳𑒯𑒲 𑒩 ) 𑒂 𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒩 𑒙𑒱�𑒏 𑒑 𑒞
𑒮 𑒮𑒧𑓂𑒣𑒰�𑒝𑒲 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒒𑒳𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒒𑒳 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒞𑒵𑒦𑒰 𑒭 𑒏 𑒬𑒫𑓂𑒠𑒠 𑒂
𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒩𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒝𑒲 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒝𑒲 𑒮 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒨𑒩𑓂𑒟 -:
𑒁𑓀 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒂 𑒡𑒡𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒞𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒏 ।" 𑒁𑓀𑒣 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏
𑒖𑒹 - 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 ।" 𑒄𑒞𑒩𑒏 𑒣 𑒢𑒴 𑒦𑒰 𑒞𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 -
� 𑒖𑒹𑒪 � 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪।" 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒬 𑒪- 𑒃𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒏 𑒪।" 𑒧𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒩
𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒥𑒰 - 𑒏𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 -𑒦𑒰 𑒞 " 𑒯𑒲 𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒣𑒳𑒩𑒐 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲!" 𑒴
𑒖𑒹𑒡 𑒄𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒪 𑒯𑒲 - 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒏𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒪 𑒯𑒲।" 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒒𑒳 𑒅𑒢𑒴𑒞 𑒮
𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 ।" 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒨 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒲 𑒏 !" 𑒄 𑒁𑓀𑒑𑒳𑒩 𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒃
𑒞𑒃𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒒𑒳 𑒯𑒲...! 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒯𑒲 � 𑒏 � - 𑒞𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒞𑒳𑒂𑒄𑒢𑒴
𑒏𑒃𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒋𑒪 𑒯𑒲।"
"𑒯𑒲𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒞𑒃𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒩 𑒤𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒨𑒪 - 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒪' 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒞𑒥𑒰𑒄
𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒨 ।" 𑒩𑒥𑒰𑒩𑒪 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒨 𑒂𑒃 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒏𑒃 𑒣𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒨 ..... । 𑒪𑒃
𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒨 𑒖𑒹 - 𑒡𑒩𑒞 𑒡𑒨𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒃 𑒨...! 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒨
𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒢𑒴 " । 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒨
 𑒫𑒱
34 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒢𑒴 " । 𑒠𑒳𑒪𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒨 𑒏 𑒩𑒴𑒮𑒪 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒮𑒳𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒖𑒹 - 𑒐𑒩

𑒣𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒪 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 ।" 𑒂𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴
𑒑𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒑𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒏 , 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒋।
𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒞𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒯𑒲 𑒡𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒮𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒮𑒪
-𑒞𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒃 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒨।" .. 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒖𑒳𑒪 𑒯𑒲 ,𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒥𑒰 𑒩
, 𑒢𑒴- 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒤𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒅𑒠 𑒮 - 𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒮𑒳𑒡 𑒂𑒋 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒑 𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒂
𑒏 𑒮 - 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴- 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒤𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒅𑒠 𑒮 ।" 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒩 𑒑 𑒢𑒴𑒘
𑒖𑒹 𑒪𑒅 𑒮𑒳𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒨 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒃𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒩 - 𑒑𑒠 𑒬 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒏
𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒃 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒮𑒳𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒨 𑒪𑒃𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒩......!" 𑒮𑒩𑒪 𑒮𑒳𑒣 𑒩
𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒘 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒥𑒰𑒆 𑒖𑒹𑒩 , 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒥𑒰𑒆 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒥𑒰𑒆 𑒖𑒹𑒩 ....! " 𑒋𑒪𑒄
𑒬𑒳𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒪𑒑𑒢𑒴 𑒬𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒬𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 । .... 𑒠𑒳𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒯𑒲 𑒡 𑒖𑒹𑒩-𑒡 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒨𑒆 𑒮𑒮𑒳𑒩
𑒑𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒨 । ....𑒥𑒰 𑒅 𑒪 𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒂𑒅 - 𑒠 𑒄 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 -𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒐 𑒆....।
𑒋𑒏 -𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒩 𑒢𑒴,𑒠𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒨 - 𑒢𑒴,𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒠𑒢𑒴 , 𑒩𑒴 - 𑒩, 𑒣 𑒖𑒹 -
𑒣 𑒝𑓂𑒛 , 𑒚𑒰 - 𑒙𑒱𑒚𑒰𑒯𑒲 𑒩,𑒮 𑒞 -𑒣𑒳𑒩 𑒣𑒞 𑒪, 𑒂𑒚𑒰 -𑒩𑒞𑒢𑒴, 𑒢𑒴 -
𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒯𑒲, 𑒠𑒬 - 𑒁𑓀 𑒞 𑒩 , 𑒋𑒑 𑒩𑒯𑒲 - 𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒳 𑒢𑒴, 𑒥𑒰 𑒩𑒯𑒲-𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒨 , 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒩𑒯𑒲-
𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒡 𑒢𑒴, 𑒖𑒹 𑒠𑒯𑒲 - 𑒢𑒴𑒆, 𑒣 𑒩𑒯𑒲 - 𑒩 𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒣, 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒯𑒲-𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩
𑒑 𑒩, 𑒮 𑒯𑒲 - 𑒩 𑒮𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩, 𑒁𑓀𑒚𑒰 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒧𑓂- 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 , 𑒅𑒢𑒴 𑒮
- 𑒏𑒢𑓂𑒨 , 𑒥𑒰 𑒮 -𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒑𑒄 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 - 𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒒𑒳𑒩।"
𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒩 - 𑒤𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹 .. 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹
𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀 𑒩 𑒖𑒹 ... 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴....
𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 -𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 - 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 - 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒮𑒏𑒳 � 𑒢𑒴 ।" 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒃𑒨𑒂 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒑 𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒨 ... �
𑒮 𑒪 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒨 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲... । 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒏 -𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲... 𑒖𑒹 𑒪
𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒙𑒱 -𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒙𑒱 𑒐𑒃𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲....!
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 35

" 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒳 𑒮𑒞𑓂𑒮𑒑 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒄? 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒳 𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒏𑒵𑒣 𑒮𑒳𑒪𑒦𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒄॥"

𑒅𑒣𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒮𑒏 𑒩 𑒌 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒨𑒏 𑒩𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒋𑒏 𑒠𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒨 𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏
𑒏𑒣 𑒩𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒙𑒱 𑒝𑒲 𑒏𑒨𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒨𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰
𑒏𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒦𑒰𑒭𑒣𑓂𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏। 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒞
𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒬𑒢𑓂𑒢𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒄 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒞𑒞𑓂𑒏𑒰 𑒪 𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒪
𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏। 𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒬𑒭 𑒩𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒦𑒰 𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵𑒩 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒬𑒪 𑒏 𑒏 𑒨𑒪 ।
𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒌 𑒞𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒠𑓂𑒩𑒭𑓂𑒙 -:
'𑒢𑒴 𑒪 ' 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒮𑒥𑒰 । 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒯𑒲 𑒬𑒩𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪
𑒃𑒞 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏, 𑒞 𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒠𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒮 𑒃𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒪𑒏 𑒂
𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏।
𑒦𑒴𑒞𑒏 𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒑 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒂 𑒪𑒑 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒪
𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒒𑒳�𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒏। '𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 ' 𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪
𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒥𑒰 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒨 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪
𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒍 𑒩 𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒃 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒑𑒪 𑒮 𑒨 𑒪𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒧𑒳𑒩 𑒗𑒰𑒿�𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴,
𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒨𑒪 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒂𑒩 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒐 𑒃𑒞।
𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒞 𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒮 𑒃𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏 ' 𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒏' 𑒂𑒑𑒳 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒚𑒰
𑒏𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒏। 𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒚𑒰 𑒦𑒰𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒧𑒳𑒩 𑒅𑒚𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏
𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒮 𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪𑒃 𑒍𑒏𑒩 ।' 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒞 𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪
𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒚𑒰 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒨 𑒯𑒲 𑒦𑒰' 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏। 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒮 𑒢𑒴 𑒩
𑒦𑒰𑒦𑒰 - 𑒦𑒰𑒦𑒰 𑒐𑒙𑒱𑒮 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏। 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰 '𑒏
𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒏𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒮𑒏𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒠𑒳𑒢𑒴
𑒃 𑒏 𑒧𑒳𑒩𑒴𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒚𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏। 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒩𑓂𑒧𑓂𑒧𑒞
𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱 ।
𑒅𑒣𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒮𑒏 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑒵𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 ,𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒪
𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒮𑒳𑒐 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒠𑒳𑒐 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒍
 𑒫𑒱
36 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒦𑒰𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒄- 𑒠𑒳𑒐 𑒢𑒴

𑒂𑒩𑓂𑒦𑒧 𑒂 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒠𑒳𑒐𑒠। 𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒅𑒣𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒡 𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒩𑓂𑒦𑒧
𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒳𑒐𑒠 𑒝𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒞 𑒂𑒐𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒠𑒳𑒐𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒐 𑒪
𑒄 । 𑒂𑒍𑒩 𑒏𑒠 𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒠𑒳𑒐𑒠 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒂𑒩𑒦𑒰 𑒯𑒳𑒁𑓀𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒮 𑒣𑒢𑒴
𑒮𑒳𑒐 𑒨 𑒤𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒄 𑒣𑒖𑒹 । 𑒌 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑓂𑒩𑒰 𑒯𑓂𑒧𑒝𑒲 𑒮𑒩𑒏 𑒩 𑒏𑓂 𑒩
𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒂 𑒮 𑒝𑒲 𑒦𑒴𑒮𑓂𑒫 𑒮𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒬𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒴𑒣 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏
𑒖𑒹𑒬 𑒭𑒝𑒲 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒪 ,𑒥𑒰𑒑𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰 𑒪 ,𑒙𑒱𑒬 𑒥𑒰 𑒪 ,
𑒡𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒪 𑒙𑒱 𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞𑒏 𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒦𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒂 𑒠𑒳𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒩𑒪𑒑
𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒮𑒐 -𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴𑒤 𑒮𑒥𑒰 𑒮 𑒞 , 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒏𑒢𑒴 ,𑒣𑒳𑒢𑒴 , 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒨 � ,
𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒂 𑒡𑒳𑒂 𑒮𑒥𑒰 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 -𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒨𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑
𑒨। 𑒌 𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒡𑒳𑒂 𑒞 𑒍𑒯𑒴 𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒨 � 𑒁𑓀𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒠
𑒂 𑒌 𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒍𑒯𑒴 𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒌𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒣𑒳𑒩𑒳𑒐 𑒌𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒃,𑒖𑒹
𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒞 𑒠𑒳𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏 𑒯𑒲। 𑒐𑒖𑒳𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒠𑒢𑒴
𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒩 𑒣𑒩 𑒏𑒳 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 ,𑒙𑒱 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮 𑒏𑒚𑒰 𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒪
𑒏 𑒅 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱 । 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒞 𑒥𑒰 𑒪 𑒥𑒰 𑒪 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒪 𑒪
𑒖𑒹𑒠- 𑒏𑒯𑒳 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒞𑒩𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒠𑒬 𑒦𑒰' 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒖𑒹 ।
𑒑 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒩 𑒣𑒩𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒞 𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒚𑒰� 𑒚𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒣 𑒣
𑒪𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒒𑒳 𑒢𑒴 𑒪𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒑𑒄 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒒𑒳 𑒣 𑒯𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒞
𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒩𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒩𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪 𑒮𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮𑒑 𑒂𑒨𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏; 𑒖𑒹 𑒞𑒳𑒩𑒞
𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒞𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒞 𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒒𑒳 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒪𑒪 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞
𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒨। 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒒𑒳𑒩-𑒒𑒳�𑒮𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒞𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒂𑒑 𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒮𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒍 𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒪𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩
𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒣𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒂 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒨
𑒏 𑒪 𑒏 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮𑒑 𑒬 𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒚𑒰𑒮𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒑
𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒮𑓂𑒣𑒞 𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒧𑒰𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒡𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒮𑒢𑒴 𑒑𑒣𑓂𑒣
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 37

𑒮𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒪 𑒑𑒪 𑒮 𑒨 𑒑𑒳𑒠𑒬 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒯𑒲𑒢𑓂𑒟। 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒄 -𑒦𑒰𑒙𑓂𑒚𑒰 𑒣𑒩

𑒂𑒞𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒩𑒢𑒴 𑒞 𑒏𑒣 𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒪 𑒐 𑒧𑓂𑒯𑒲𑒏
𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒣𑓂𑒞𑒞 𑒁𑓀 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒩 𑒏𑒵𑒣 𑒣 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴𑒪
𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪। 𑒨 𑒠𑒠 𑒬𑓂𑒞𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒍 𑒑𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒩𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒮 𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒒𑒳𑒩𑒧𑒳𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴 𑒦𑒰'
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏। 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒣 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒞𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒐𑒖𑒹 𑒂 𑒯𑒲 𑒨𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵� 𑒪𑒖𑒹
𑒣𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒢𑒴। 𑒦𑒰 𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒣 𑒩𑒪 𑒞𑒥𑒰𑒏 𑒖𑒹
𑒥𑒰𑒔𑓂𑒔𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒣𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒂 𑒏𑒖𑒹 𑒅𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒪-𑒙𑒱 𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒏
𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒮𑓂𑒮𑒰 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒮 𑒨 𑒒𑒳𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒨 𑒮 𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒂
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒪 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒚𑒰𑒑 𑒮 𑒣𑒩 𑒪 𑒋।𑒙𑒱 𑒨 𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒂𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒞
𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒮𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒠 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏। 𑒂𑒖𑒳𑒏 𑒮 𑒨𑒖𑒹 𑒄 𑒌𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒏 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟
𑒦𑒰' 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।

𑓓
𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒢𑓂𑒟 : 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟
𑒩 𑒣𑒳𑒩 𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒠𑒳𑒪 𑒮𑒠𑒮𑓂𑒨 � 𑒢𑒴 𑒋𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒨। 𑒮 𑒞 𑒣𑒳𑒩
𑒣 𑒨𑒞'𑒏 𑒄 𑒑 𑒂𑒐𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑓐 14 𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒭𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒏𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰𑒨।
𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒑 𑒬 𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒣 𑒂𑒩𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒝𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒞𑒏
𑒧𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒨 𑒣𑒠𑒣𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒦𑓂𑒨𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒯𑒲𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒏 𑒏𑓂𑒭 ' 𑒪
𑒢𑒴𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒢𑒴 ' 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒤𑒪 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒢𑓂𑒟 𑒮𑒩𑒏 𑒩𑒏 𑒧𑒳𑒐
𑒋𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏। 𑒮𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒬𑒖𑒹 𑒐𑒥𑒰 𑒌 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑓂𑒘𑒰 𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒐 𑒮
𑒙𑒱 𑒪 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒮𑒏𑒪 𑒩 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒏 𑒣 𑒮 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒬𑒞 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒬 𑒁𑓀 𑒥𑒰 𑒩
-𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒏 , 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒨 - 𑓐 𑒣𑒩 𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒢𑓂𑒟 𑒣𑒩𑒥𑒰𑒏 𑒐 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪। 𑒢𑒴𑒪 𑒮
𑒬𑒳𑒠𑓂𑒡 𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒪 𑒋𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒋𑒪! 𑒣𑒩 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒢𑓂𑒟
𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒩 𑒮𑒑 𑒁𑓀𑒣 𑒨 𑒦𑒰' 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒌 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒏𑓂𑒣 � 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒒𑒳 𑒪 - 𑒒𑒳𑒣𑒪
𑒣𑒩 𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒬 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒨 𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒏 𑒨𑒏𑒞 𑒋𑒏 𑒠𑒩𑒐 𑒮𑓂𑒞
 𑒫𑒱
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𑒣 𑒢𑒴 -𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒪𑓂𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒚𑒰𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒏। 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒨 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 ! 𑒅𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒳 𑒙𑒱�𑒮

𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒞𑒥𑒰 𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒨𑒪 𑒂 𑒣𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒏𑒨 𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒖𑒹 � 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒏।
𑒂𑒖𑒹 𑒠𑒏 𑒣𑒩 𑒮𑒩𑒏 𑒩 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒩𑒑 𑒏 𑒂𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒣 𑒖𑒹 𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒢𑓂𑒟 𑒏
𑒮𑒑 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏।

𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒞 [email protected] 𑒣𑒩
𑒣𑒚𑒰 𑒅।
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 39

𑓒.𑓕.𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑓂𑒠𑓂𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒨𑒝𑒲 𑒙𑒱 -𑒮 𑒏 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒩 (𑒡 𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒏

𑒅𑒣𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒮)

𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑓂𑒠𑓂𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒨𑒝𑒲 𑒙𑒱

𑒮 𑒏 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣 𑒩 (𑒡 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒅𑒣𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒮)

𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒮𑒳𑒩 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒩𑓂𑒑 𑒨 𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒝𑒲𑒬 𑒗𑒰𑒿 (𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒝𑓂𑒛 𑒪 𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒪)𑒏 𑒮𑓂𑒧𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒖𑒹 , 𑒮 𑒠𑒩

𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒲 𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞!
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-6-

𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 𑒮 𑒮𑒣𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒪 । 𑒋𑒞𑒋 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒮𑓂𑒫 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒞 𑒪

। 𑒢𑒴 𑒑𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒳𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒨𑒣 𑒮 𑒪𑒋 𑒏𑒋 𑒮 𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒮𑒳𑒐-𑒮𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒡 𑒏
𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒞 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒃𑒞 𑒪 । 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒋𑒪
𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒨𑒣 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴𑒪,𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴
𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒚𑒰𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒪 । 𑒄 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒪𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒩
𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪 । 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒖𑒹 𑒚𑒰 -𑒚𑒰
𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒂 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒣𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒩 𑒮 - 𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒳 𑒮𑒳𑒪𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒪 ,𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴
𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒆𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰
𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒏𑒩 𑒞𑒳𑒪𑒢𑒴 𑒞𑓂𑒨� 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒋
𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟,𑒍 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒍 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏।
𑒃𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏 𑒞𑓂𑒨� 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 𑒂 𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒞𑒩 ।

𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 ? 𑒏 𑒍 𑒮𑒦𑒰

𑒣𑒳𑒝𑒲 𑒞𑓂𑒧 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟? 𑒏 𑒍 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒏𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒏𑒵𑒣 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 ? 𑒏 𑒋𑒞𑒯𑒳
𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏? 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒯𑒲
𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒨 𑒋𑒞𑒋 𑒢𑒴 । 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒞 𑒪𑒣 𑒞𑒩 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒮 𑒨
𑒞 𑒪𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒏𑒩𑒞 ।

𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒂𑒑𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑓂𑒚𑒰 𑒂

𑒋𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒐𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒋𑒪 । 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑓂𑒚𑒰 𑒣 𑒋 𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒞 ।

" 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒞𑓂𑒨� 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒏 𑒤 𑒃𑒪 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 , 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒖𑒹� 𑒯𑒲𑒩
𑒙𑒱 𑒭𑒨𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒝𑒲𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱 𑒪𑒥𑒰 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒏 �
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 41

𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒮𑒪 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒧𑓂𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒏𑒋 𑒩 𑒐𑒯𑒲।
𑒋𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒮 𑒮 𑒮𑓂𑒨 𑒏 𑒮 𑒡 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒯𑒲।"

"𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒂 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒝𑒲𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒞

𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒏𑒩𑒞?"

"𑒴 𑒥𑒰 𑒐 𑒯𑒲 । 𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏 𑒣 𑒖𑒹 𑒣 𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳

𑒞 𑒞𑓂𑒨� 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒣𑒨 𑒣𑓂𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 । 𑒢𑒴𑒪𑒯𑒳
𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒠𑒵𑒙𑒱𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒪𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒞𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒙𑒱𑒣 𑒙𑒱 𑒩
𑒏𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒏, 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒞𑒩 𑒥𑒰�𑒖𑒹𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒞𑒯𑒲।"

"𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏? 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒯𑒲?"

"𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒍𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰 𑒞? 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒂𑒑-𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒏।

𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒠𑒵𑒙𑒱𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒙𑒱𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒞𑒯𑒲 ,𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒦𑓂𑒩𑒰 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹 𑒞𑒯𑒲
।"

"𑒍!"

𑒯𑒲 𑒅𑒞𑓂𑒮�𑒏𑒞 𑒮 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒪 𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒠𑒥𑒰𑒍𑒪𑒯𑒳 ।

𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒑𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒮 𑒩
𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒠𑒥𑒰𑒥𑒰𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒑𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒠𑒩 𑒏𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒑
𑒩𑒑- 𑒩𑒦𑒰𑒮𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒞 ।

"𑒍 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ? -𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 । 𑒞 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒞

𑒍 𑒠𑒵𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒤𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒃𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 । 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒑𑒢𑒴 𑒂 𑒬𑒩𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒚𑒰
𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒮 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪 ।
 𑒫𑒱
42 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

" 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏, 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 ?"-𑒬𑒩𑒠 𑒥𑒰 𑒪 ।

"𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒏 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒞 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒞 𑒪-𑒣 𑒞𑒩

𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒴 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒂 𑒯𑒲 𑒩
𑒁𑓀𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒍𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒲 𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 , 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋𑒏?"-𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰 𑒪𑒯𑒳 । 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒮𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒑𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒮 𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒂 𑒬𑒩𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒞- 𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒠𑒵𑒬𑓂𑒨
𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒯𑒲। "𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒞 𑒋𑒏𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒘𑓂𑒗𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏 । 𑒂𑒥𑒰
𑒠𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒒𑒳 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒢𑒴 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏? 𑒬𑒩𑒠𑒮𑒢𑒴 𑒤𑒮 𑒠
𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒯𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 ?"- 𑒄 𑒥𑒰 𑒞𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴
𑒅𑒖𑒹𑒚𑒰𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 । 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒄 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒤𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒂𑒋𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏? 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒳𑒪 𑒦𑒰𑒋
𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒪 𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒠𑒥𑒰𑒍𑒪𑒯𑒳 ।

𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒠𑒥𑒰𑒥𑒰𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒏𑒩 𑒪 𑒩𑒴𑒣𑒡 𑒩 𑒣𑒳𑒩𑒳𑒭

𑒅𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒏𑒣𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒩
𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒮 𑒒𑒳� 𑒋 𑒪 𑒑𑒪 । 𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒦𑒰𑒨 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒏 𑒏𑓂𑒣 �𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲 𑒩
𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒪 । 𑒄 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒞 𑒂𑒤𑒠𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 । 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒏𑒩 ?

"𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 ?"

" 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒬𑓂𑒢 -𑒅𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒩 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒣𑒩𑒣𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 । 𑒦𑒰

𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃 , 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒏𑒩𑒋 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒖𑒹 ।"

"𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒋𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋𑒏 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ?"

" 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒪 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒠-𑒁𑓀𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒍 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒪𑒏।

𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒑 𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒞 𑒏𑒭𑓂𑒙𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒥𑒰
।"
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 43

𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒩 𑒐𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏 । 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱 𑒣𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒂𑒖𑒹

𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒐𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒍
𑒁𑓀𑒠𑒵𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀 𑒏𑓂 𑒍𑒯𑒲 𑒚𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳 । 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴
𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑒣𑒩 𑒞𑒩𑒯𑒲-𑒞𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒏 - 𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒳 𑒩 𑒐𑒪 𑒪 । 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹
𑒪𑒣𑒳𑒂 𑒐𑒃𑒞𑒯𑒳 । 𑒞𑒳𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒪𑒣𑒳𑒂 𑒋𑒏 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒐𑒪 𑒪
। 𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒪𑒣𑒳𑒂 𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒋𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴
𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒍 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒮 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒖𑒹 𑒠𑒏
𑒑𑒡𑒨�𑒏𑓂𑒞 𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒁𑓀𑒩 𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒞𑒩𑒪 𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒳 𑒮 𑒦𑒰𑒩𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒑𑒪 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 ।
𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒠𑒏 𑒑𑒡 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒏 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ?- 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴-𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒋
। 𑒞 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒏𑒞𑒯𑒳𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒥𑒰 𑒂𑒋𑒪 -

"𑒄 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒩𑒮। "

"𑒍! 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒏 ?"

"𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲 𑒣 𑒥𑒰𑒋 𑒪𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳 ।"

𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒞-𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒍 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒩𑒮𑒏 𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒮 𑒮 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪।

𑒞𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒠𑒏 𑒠𑒵𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒞 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒞 𑒪 । 𑒠 𑒮𑓂𑒞, 𑒋𑒏-𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒮𑒩𑒮
𑒋𑒏𑒏 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪।

"𑒄 𑒞 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒑𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒑 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।"

𑒬𑒩𑒠𑒏𑒮𑒑 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒞𑒩𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒩

𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱 𑒂 𑒅𑒚𑒰𑒪𑒯𑒳-
 𑒫𑒱
44 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

"𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒑𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒏𑒩𑒴 𑒞 𑒮 ।" 𑒎 𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒪

𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒍 𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒮 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒑𑒙𑓂𑒙 𑒖𑒹𑒡𑒪𑒏 । 𑒏𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒌𑒏 𑒍
𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒪𑒏 ।

" 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒂 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒋𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒡𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 ?"

"𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒪𑒏 𑒠𑒞 ।"

"𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।"

"𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒮 𑒡 𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒋 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।"

𑒯𑒲 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒠𑒥𑒰 𑒏𑒋 𑒏𑒞𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴

𑒠𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏 । 𑒪𑒋𑒯𑒲 ,𑒄 𑒞 𑒂𑒍𑒩 𑒑 𑒥𑒰 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒞𑒋
𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳? 𑒅𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒞-𑒣𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒏𑒞𑒯𑒳 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳 ।
𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒏𑒞𑒯𑒳 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪। 𑒩𑒴𑒏 𑒞 𑒁𑓀 𑒩 𑒑𑒳𑒣𑓂𑒣।
𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒏𑒞𑒯𑒳 𑒐𑒙𑒱𑒮 𑒣 𑒪 । 𑒆𑒣𑒩-𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒞𑒯𑒳 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒪 । 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒋𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒐𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒮𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒋𑒪 । 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒂𑒮
𑒪 𑒑𑒪 𑒪 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒂𑒑 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒞 । 𑒞 𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒖𑒹
𑒦𑒰𑒨 𑒍𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒥𑒰 𑒮𑒳𑒢𑒴 𑒋𑒪-

"𑒐𑒥𑒰𑒩𑒠 𑒩! 𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒑 𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒖𑒹 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒮 𑒋𑒥𑒰।"

"𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒞 𑒄 𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒐𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒋𑒪, 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒍 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪

𑒪𑒯𑒳।"

"𑒄 𑒁𑓀𑒡𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏 । 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒮𑓂𑒣𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒃𑒞

𑒖𑒹 𑒏, 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒃𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 ।"
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 45

"𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 ? 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒂 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒋𑒢𑒴

𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋𑒏 𑒣𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 ?"

"𑒯𑒲 , 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒦𑒳 ।"

"𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞 ।“

"𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒥𑒰 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒍 । 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒂𑒃-𑒏 𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒪𑒏

𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹 । 𑒍 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒍𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।"

"𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒂 𑒋 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳 ।"

"𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒨𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒠𑒳𑒐

𑒥𑒰𑒩𑒠 𑒮 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒋 𑒮𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳 । 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒴 𑒑𑒳 𑒙𑒱𑒩
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳।"

"𑒯𑒲 𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒝𑓂𑒛𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒋 𑒮𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳?"

"𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒏? 𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲

𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒝𑓂𑒛𑒠 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒥𑒰 𑒪 𑒅𑒖𑒹𑒚𑒰𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏? 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒝𑓂𑒛𑒠 𑒢𑒴𑒮
𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒏? 𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒡𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒂 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱
𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋𑒏? 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒮𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑒪 𑒣𑒩
𑒥𑒰 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏,𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒏 𑒠𑓂𑒡 𑒂 𑒣𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒏 ,𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴
𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏। 𑒂 𑒏𑒏 𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒣 𑒞 । 𑒍𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒤 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒙𑒱
𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒁𑓀𑒮𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒬𑒳𑒠𑓂𑒡 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴? 𑒁𑓀𑒞-𑒁𑓀𑒞
𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒪 𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 । 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒭 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒞 𑒖𑒹�𑒞
𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒏 𑒂𑒍𑒩 𑒦𑒰𑒃𑒋 𑒏 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞
 𑒫𑒱
46 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 ? 𑒑 𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒏 𑒪𑒖𑒹

𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒑𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒞 ।"

" 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒏𑒩𑒴 । 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 ।

𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒏𑒩𑒞? 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞 𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒏𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒦𑒰
𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ?" । "

" 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒞𑓂𑒨� 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 । "

"𑒄 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒨 ?"

"𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒨-𑒁𑓀𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒨𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒥𑒰 𑒏𑒩𑒋 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏?"

" 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒏𑒩𑒞?"

" 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒪!

"𑒌!"

"𑒂𑒍𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒏𑒩𑒞?"

𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒏 𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒪𑒏 𑒠𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒅𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰𑒞 𑒏𑒋𑒪

𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳।

-7-

"𑒮𑒩𑒏 𑒩! 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮 𑒑𑒪𑒞 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 ।"

 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 47

"𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒩 𑒮 𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒩 𑒋𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋𑒏 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒯𑒲? 𑒄 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴

𑒞𑓂𑒨� 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒪 𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒲 । 𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒚𑒰
𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒮𑓂𑒫 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 । 𑒋 𑒯𑒲𑒩-𑒍 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒲 𑒞 𑒞𑒳𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒣𑒏 𑒪
𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒲 ।"

"𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒋𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋𑒏 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ?"

"𑒄 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒦𑓂𑒩𑒰 𑒯𑒲 । 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒍 𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩𑒞 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴

𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 । "

"𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒞 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒮𑒳𑒐 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒞 ।"

"𑒃𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒑 𑒥𑒰 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒯𑒲 । 𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒞

𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒯𑒲 ।"

"𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒮 𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒎𑒏 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒞

𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒋 𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।"

"𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒴 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒪𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 । 𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒏𑒏𑒩 𑒮 𑒨

𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒪 𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒞। 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 । 𑒍 � 𑒖𑒹
𑒮 𑒡 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 । 𑒴 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒑𑒪𑒞-𑒮𑒪𑒞 𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒠𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒞 𑒪𑒯𑒲𑒏
। 𑒍 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒭𑓂𑒏𑓂𑒩𑒱𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒂 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒡𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒖𑒹 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒏𑒯𑒲 ।"

"𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏? 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒞 𑒩𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒞

𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒂𑒃𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒥𑒰 ।"
 𑒫𑒱
48 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

"𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒲? 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒯𑒲,𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴

𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒞𑒯𑒲। 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒞 𑒣 𑒢𑓂𑒧𑒏 𑒏 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒏 �
𑒤𑒪 𑒤𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।"

""𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒏𑒪 𑒝𑒲 𑒏𑒩𑒴 । 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒆𑒣 𑒨 𑒏𑒩𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒯𑒲 𑒩

𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒚𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒑 𑒩 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒑 𑒋।"

"𑒖𑒹 𑒑 𑒩...? 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒪𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲?𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰

𑒖𑒹 𑒑 𑒩𑒏 𑒑𑒳 𑒃𑒮 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 । 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹�𑒏
।'

"𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒂𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏?"

"𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒤 𑒃𑒪 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒝𑒲𑒨𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒩 𑒦𑒰𑒋

𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒖𑒹𑒡𑒨 𑒩 𑒐𑒯𑒲 । 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒄 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒐𑒯𑒲 । 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒏
𑒪 𑒑𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 । 𑒡 𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒋𑒏𑒩 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 । 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒑 𑒥𑒰
𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒲 𑒞 𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒲 𑒂 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒋 ।"

𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒥𑒰 𑒪 𑒏 𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒣 𑒞

𑒂 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒐 𑒋𑒏 𑒠𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒞 । 𑒎 𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰 ! 𑒦𑒰𑒏 𑒠𑒋 𑒃𑒖𑒹 𑒞
𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒩𑒴𑒏 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒋 𑒪 𑒑𑒪 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒪 𑒏𑒩 𑒮𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒪
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒄 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒅𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒑 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱
। 𑒩𑒴𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑒞 𑒏 𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒃𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒨 𑒮
𑒮 𑒨𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒢𑒴 ,𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒞 𑒒𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮𑒪 𑒍 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒐 �𑒮
𑒡𑒞𑒩 𑒭𑓂𑒙𑓂𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒳𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒞? 𑒂𑒃-𑒏 𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒪 𑒢𑒴 𑒦𑒰𑒋
𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒍𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒏𑒵𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒍𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � -𑒙𑒱𑒏 �
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 49

𑒑𑒳𑒝𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 -𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒪 𑒏𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 । 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒄

𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒁𑓀 𑒥𑒰 𑒨 , 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲।

𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒮 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒚𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒋𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒐𑒥𑒰 । 𑒍𑒢𑒴

𑒣𑒳 𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒐𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒖𑒹 𑒍 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒥𑒰 𑒤 𑒙𑒱
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒍𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒪𑒤 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒬𑒳𑒩𑒳 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।

𑒃𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒪𑒐𑒢𑒴𑒣𑒳𑒩 𑒂 𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒳𑒩𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹

𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴𑒪 𑒣𑒳𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒋𑒪 । 𑒍𑒞𑒋 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒒𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒩-
𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒮 𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒪𑒑 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।

"𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞 𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱 𑒠 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 । 𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞 𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒁𑓀 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 ।"

𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞𑒏 𑒪𑒯𑒲 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒒𑒳�𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪 𑒯𑒲 ।

𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑓂𑒟-𑒖𑒹𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 । 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒍
𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒮𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒣𑒳𑒪𑒏 𑒠𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒦𑒰 𑒑 𑒣𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒒𑒳𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱
। 𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒩𑒠𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒏 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।

𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 । 𑒨𑒠𑓂𑒨𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒣 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒪𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲 𑒩

𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒞𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒙𑒱𑒣 𑒑 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏,𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒪𑒏 ,𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪
𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒮𑒏 𑒞 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒂 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒞 ,𑒮𑒯𑒲
𑒮 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒞 𑒂 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑓂𑒘𑒰 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒏 । 𑒄 𑒥𑒰�𑒖𑒹𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒏𑒩𑒋 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒋𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 । 𑒩𑒴𑒩 𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒙𑒱𑒏 �
𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒘𑓂𑒗𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒞 । 𑒁𑓀𑒮𑒪 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒞 𑒍𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒞 𑒪 𑒑𑒞 । 𑒧𑒳𑒠
𑒋𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 ? 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒄 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒪 𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒍
𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏𑒯𑒳 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒑𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒃𑒮𑒏𑒳𑒪𑒏 𑒩𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒪 𑒃𑒞
𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒪 । 𑒏𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑓂𑒟-𑒖𑒹𑒣𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒠 𑒪,𑒖𑒹 𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒞𑒋 𑒯𑒲𑒋
 𑒫𑒱
50 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒃𑒞 𑒪 । 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒃𑒞

𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒪𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒂 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒑𑒳𑒣𑓂𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏
𑒏𑒳𑒠𑒥𑒰 ? 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲 𑒪𑒣𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒑 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒋𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴
𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 -

" 𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒄 𑒯𑒲 𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒣 𑒪

?"

𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒮𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 -" 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒮𑓂𑒧𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒏 𑒏𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪

𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ,𑒂 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒮 𑒩 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲
𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 ? 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒍 𑒏𑒋 𑒏𑒞𑒋 𑒋𑒥𑒰?𑒮𑒮 𑒩𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒍
𑒋𑒥𑒰 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴-𑒂𑒣𑒮? 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒅𑒣 𑒨 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒮
𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 । "

𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞-"𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒞 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒨 𑒮 𑒮𑓂𑒨 𑒚𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴

? 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑓂𑒟 । 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒄 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒥𑒰�𑒙𑒱𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒍
𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒨𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒖𑒹𑒬𑒭 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏
𑒑𑓂𑒩 ?"

𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒮𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞-"𑒮𑒥𑒰 𑒪 𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒨𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒏?"

"𑒞 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒏?"

"𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒞𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰�𑒠𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞

𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪, 𑒞 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒍 𑒪𑒯𑒲 𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒠𑒵𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 । 𑒏
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪, 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑓂𑒘𑒰 𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 ।
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 51

𑒋𑒢𑒴 𑒠𑒵𑒬𑓂𑒨-𑒁𑓀𑒠𑒵𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒒𑒳 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒮 𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀 𑒙𑒱𑒦𑒰𑒞 𑒪𑒯𑒳।

𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒪𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒪𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒪
। 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒪𑒑𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒍𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒪𑒂 𑒍 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒑𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪
𑒞 𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒏 । 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒐𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒭𑓂𑒙
𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒞𑒯𑒳 𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒠 𑒍 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒮𑒩 𑒃𑒞 𑒪 । 𑒖𑒹𑒞
𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒏 𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒧𑓂𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒏𑒋 𑒩 𑒐𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒩𑒴𑒩
𑒪।

𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒬𑓂𑒔𑒰𑒨 𑒄 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒬𑒭 𑒪 । 𑒏 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒋𑒏𑒩

𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒬𑒭𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒍 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 ,𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴
𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒏𑒋 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒬𑒳𑒩𑒳𑒋𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰�𑒙𑒱𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒞𑒯𑒳 ।
𑒃𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒐 𑒋𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩𑒮 𑒠𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 ।
𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒍𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒍𑒞𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒏 𑒦𑒰 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪
𑒪। 𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞𑒏 𑒪𑒯𑒲 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒖𑒹 "𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒞𑓂𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲" 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞
𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒂𑒑 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒁𑓀𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒪𑒏 𑒏 𑒞𑒖𑒹
𑒣𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒮 𑒑𑒣𑓂𑒣 𑒏𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪 𑒯𑒲 । 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒄 𑒏 ? 𑒍 𑒞 𑒥𑒰
𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒑 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪 𑒯𑒲 । 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 । 𑒮 𑒨𑒏 𑒑𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒏
𑒞 𑒪-𑒣 𑒞𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒞 𑒪 𑒑𑒋 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲
𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒋 𑒏 𑒪𑒣 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒑 𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒋𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒋𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒪𑒖𑒹
𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒞𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ? 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹
𑒩𑒴𑒩 𑒍𑒯𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒮𑓂𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 । 𑒖𑒹𑒮 -𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒏 𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒖𑒹�
𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒐 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒠𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒎 𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰! 𑒪𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴
𑒣𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒮𑒏 𑒮 𑒨𑒩𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲- 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒋 𑒁𑓀𑒥𑒰 𑒂𑒥𑒰
𑒪 𑒑𑒪-

"𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒞? 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒍𑒪𑒯𑒳 ?"

 𑒫𑒱
52 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

"𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏?"

"𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒏 𑒩𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒩𑒴। 𑒏 𑒣𑒳 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒥𑒰

𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒄 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒞?"

"𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒠 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒑 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ?"

"𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒑 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 , 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒞𑓂𑒨� 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒏
𑒮 𑒨𑒏 𑒑𑒝𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 । 𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒏𑒏 𑒋𑒏𑒣𑒪𑒖𑒹
𑒋𑒞𑒋 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒐 𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।"

"𑒍! 𑒄 𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒠𑓂𑒦𑒳�𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।"

"𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 , 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 , 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒐 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒏𑒋 𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀।
𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮 𑒡 𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒑 𑒏𑒩𑒴 । 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒪𑒑 𑒠
𑒁𑓀 𑒮𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒞𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒞 ।"-
𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒍 𑒁𑓀𑒥𑒰 𑒪𑒳𑒣𑓂𑒞 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 ।

-8-

𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒂 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒏 𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒮 𑒩𑒐𑒪 𑒏𑒥𑒰 𑒠

𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒐𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒣𑒩 𑒮𑒳𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒃𑒞 𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒏 -𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩
𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒩𑒮 𑒩 𑒐𑒪 𑒪 । 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒍 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 । 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲𑒩
𑒮 𑒂𑒋𑒪 𑒋𑒏 𑒮 𑒮 𑒅𑒚𑒰𑒍𑒪𑒏 𑒂 𑒑 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 । 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒮𑒩
𑒮 𑒮 𑒑 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 । 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒞𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒮 𑒮 𑒣𑒩 𑒮 𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪 ।
𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒩𑒮𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒦𑒰 𑒮 𑒍 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒞-𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒑 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒃𑒞
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 53

𑒪 । 𑒩𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒮 𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒍 𑒠𑒏 𑒠𑒵𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒪 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪

𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒯𑒲 𑒞𑒩 𑒠𑒋 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒥𑒰 𑒍𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒂 𑒮 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒠𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒎
𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰! 𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒒𑒳 𑒦𑒰 𑒞𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹�𑒢𑒴
𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒋 𑒪 𑒑𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒑𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴 𑒪𑒑𑒖𑒹
𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒞-𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒂𑒑 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒃𑒞𑒯𑒳 । 𑒋𑒞𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒋
𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒮𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒞 -

"𑒏 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒑𑒢𑒴 , 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒑𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒩 𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 । 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴

𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒏 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒞𑓂𑒨� 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪
।"

𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒞𑒯𑒳,𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒥𑒰�𑒙𑒱𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒌𑒏 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒋𑒏

𑒁𑓀𑒠𑓂𑒦𑒳�𑒞 𑒮𑒳𑒠𑒩 𑒞𑒩𑒳𑒝𑒲 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒃𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 । 𑒍 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒠𑒨𑒏
𑒣𑒩 𑒏 𑒪 𑒯𑒲 । 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒃𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪
𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱 𑒡 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒝𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴
𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒯𑒲? 𑒮𑒳𑒑𑒡𑒮 𑒮𑒣𑒝𑒲 𑒞 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒪 ।

"𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 ?"

"𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒣𑒳𑒩𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒠𑓂𑒡 𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒞𑒏 𑒖𑒳𑒭 ।"

"𑒍! 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒮𑓂𑒫 𑒑𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।"

𑒖𑒳𑒭 𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒩𑒮𑒏 𑒠 𑒮 𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟

। 𑒋𑒏 𑒮 𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒑 -𑒑 𑒁𑓀𑒠𑒩 𑒏𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒂 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒮𑒩
𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟।

"𑒯𑒲 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒏 𑒮 𑒮 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 � 𑒏𑒪 "

 𑒫𑒱
54 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

"𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒏 𑒂𑒍𑒩 𑒮𑒯𑒲 ।"

𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒩𑒮𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒮𑒩 𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒠 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒏 �

𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 । 𑒖𑒳𑒭 𑒏 𑒮𑒑 𑒩𑒑 -𑒩𑒦𑒰𑒮 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒏 𑒪 𑒍𑒏𑒩
𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 । 𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏,𑒖𑒳𑒪𑒳 𑒦𑒰𑒋
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒃𑒞 𑒪,𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒃𑒞 𑒪।

"𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒯𑒲 । 𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒏𑒋 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴

𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒮 𑒮 𑒣𑒩 𑒮 𑒮 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒃𑒞 𑒪𑒯𑒲 । 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 �
𑒮𑒧𑓂𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒏𑒋 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒞𑒯𑒲 ।"

"𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 ?"

" 𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞, 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒮𑓂 𑒩 ।"

"𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒏𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 ? 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒞 𑒪𑒯𑒲 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴

𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒳𑒪 𑒪𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒪 𑒪 𑒑𑒪 𑒪 । 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒏
𑒑𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒂 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪 ।"

" 𑒍 𑒞 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒣𑒳𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।"

" 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒋 𑒏 𑒪 𑒣 𑒄 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒋𑒪 𑒪 ।"

"𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒄 𑒑𑒣𑓂𑒣-𑒮𑒣𑓂𑒣 । 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒍 𑒮𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒞𑒯𑒲 𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒪𑒖𑒹

𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒲 ।"

"𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋𑒏? '

 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 55

" 𑒄 𑒁𑓀𑒡𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏 । 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒩 𑒮 𑒑𑒣𑓂𑒣 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏

𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒡𑒏𑒵𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 ।"

"𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋𑒏?"

"𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒏𑒥𑒰 𑒃𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣 𑒯𑒲 । 𑒦𑒰 𑒑𑒯𑒲 ......"

-9-

𑒁𑓀𑒡𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒴𑒏 𑒞 𑒁𑓀 𑒖𑒹𑒩-𑒁𑓀 𑒩 𑒪 । 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒮

𑒠𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒂𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒤𑒮𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 । 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒂𑒞𑓂𑒧
𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒂𑒃𑒞 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒏𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒬 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 ,𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒳𑒐
𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲,𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒮 𑒢𑒴, 𑒑𑓂𑒩 ,𑒁𑓀𑒦𑒰 𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒮𑓂𑒞 । 𑒞𑓂𑒨� 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒯𑒲 𑒞 � 𑒙𑒱
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒞𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒙𑒱𑒣 𑒍𑒏𑒩𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒍𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀 𑒏𑒪 𑒪 । 𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴
𑒚𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒯𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒯𑒲? 𑒁𑓀𑒮𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒄
𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒍 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒡𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒥𑒰-𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒞 𑒥𑒰
𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒪। 𑒍 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞-𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞
𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪 । 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒣𑒩 𑒙𑒱 𑒬𑓂𑒫 𑒮 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏
। 𑒞𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒍 𑒤𑒋𑒠 𑒅𑒚𑒰𑒍𑒪𑒏 𑒂 𑒖𑒹𑒒𑒳 𑒪 𑒏𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒏 । 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰-
𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒐� 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪। 𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴
𑒏 𑒏𑒋𑒪 𑒋 । 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴
𑒪𑒞? 𑒞 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞 𑒍𑒞𑒋 𑒣𑒯𑒳 𑒪 𑒯𑒲 । 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒞 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏
𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒣𑒳𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒪 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒃 𑒩 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐
 𑒫𑒱
56 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒁𑓀𑒡𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒏 𑒞𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒪𑒠 𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪 𑒯𑒲 । 𑒄𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒏 𑒞𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩

𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒨𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑓂𑒨𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒍 𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱 𑒁𑓀𑒡𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋𑒏 𑒃𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟?

𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒋 𑒯𑒲𑒩-𑒍 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒏 𑒂 𑒯𑒲

𑒏𑒞𑒋𑒮 𑒏𑒞𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒏 𑒃𑒞 𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒞 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒍 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴
𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒌𑒏 । 𑒏𑒞𑒯𑒳-𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴-𑒏𑒞𑒯𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒃𑒞
𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒂 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒂 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 "- 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒮
𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒡𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑒣𑒩 𑒚𑒰 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒙𑒱 𑒞𑒏
𑒁𑓀𑒥𑒰 𑒮𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒋𑒪 ।

"𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 ?"

" 𑒄 𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒨 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒯𑒲 ।"

"𑒥𑒰�𑒖𑒹𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒅 । 𑒮 𑒤-𑒮 𑒤 𑒏𑒯𑒴 ।"

"𑒃𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।"

" 𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒥𑒰�𑒙𑒱𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒩𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋

𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒞 ?"

"𑒄 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏 ।"

"𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏?"

"𑒁𑓀𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒭𑓂𑒙"

"𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏।"
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 57

"𑒪𑒋𑒯𑒲 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒬𑓂𑒢𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲

𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒪𑒑𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 ।"

"𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲?"

" 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒬𑓂𑒢𑒏 𑒅𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒩 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒨𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒋 𑒠𑒋 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 ।"-𑒋𑒞𑒥𑒰

𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒍 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒮 𑒪𑒳𑒣𑓂𑒞 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒯𑒲 । 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒃𑒞- � 𑒃𑒞
𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒏 𑒬 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒞𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒃𑒖𑒹 𑒞𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒋𑒪 । 𑒯𑒲
𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒪𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪𑒯𑒳 । 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒝𑒲𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒖𑒹
𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒋 𑒯𑒲𑒩-𑒍 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒥𑒰।

"𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒞?"

" 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏?"

" 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒨𑒙𑒱𑒞 ।"

"𑒍 𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒠𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒄 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒮 𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।"

"𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒠𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒞?"

"𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴?"

"𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒏 ?"

"𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒞 𑒮𑓂𑒣𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒎𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒂𑒑𑒏 𑒩𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒮 𑒤

𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒋 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰�𑒙𑒱𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒮𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒑𑒞 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒯𑒲
𑒏𑒞𑒯𑒳 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒂𑒃𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 ।"
 𑒫𑒱
58 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

"𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰�𑒙𑒱𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒏 𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒨𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒏

𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏?"

"𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒨𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒍𑒏 𑒣 𑒞 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟�𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 ।"

"𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲? "

" 𑒋𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰�𑒖𑒹𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒅 ।"

" 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹�𑒢𑒴
𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒞? 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒞? 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒋𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒬𑓂𑒢𑒏 𑒮𑒑 𑒚𑒰
𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰।"

" 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋𑒏?"

"𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒃𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒨𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।"

𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒮𑒥𑒰 𑒪- 𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒮𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒩𑒳𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒩 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳 ।

𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒑𑒳𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒠𑒨 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 । 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴
𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 -

"𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒨𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲, 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒣 𑒏 𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒧𑓂 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।

𑒋𑒏𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒋 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 । 𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒋 𑒮𑒏 𑒞
𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒏𑒋 � 𑒏𑒪 । 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒍 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒏𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱
।"

"𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒮 𑒧𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒞? 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒮𑓂𑒞

𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒏 𑒞 𑒏𑒯𑒴।"
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 59

"𑒩𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒭𑓂𑒙𑒋𑒮 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।"

"𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒂 𑒂 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒞?"

"𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒞 𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒏𑒩𑒴 ।"

𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒍 𑒁𑓀𑒥𑒰 𑒪𑒳𑒣𑓂𑒞 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 । 𑒏𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳

𑒍 𑒣𑒮 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒂𑒋𑒪, 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒥𑒰 𑒩 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳 ।
𑒩𑒴𑒏 𑒞 𑒋 𑒯𑒲𑒩-𑒍 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒂𑒃𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒩
𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒤𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 , 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒨𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒮 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒨 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒞𑒨 𑒏𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒧𑓂𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒏𑒋 𑒩 �।
𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑒪 𑒝𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।

"𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒞𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒞 𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒨𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒏

।"

𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒮𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒚𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒏𑒋 𑒏 𑒢𑒴 ।

𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴-

"𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱 𑒡 𑒞 ! 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒣𑒩 𑒠𑒨 𑒏𑒩𑒴 । "

𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒮 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒡𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒩 𑒚𑒰

𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳 । 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒃𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒋-?"

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 𑒫𑒱
60 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒧𑓂𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒏𑒋 𑒩𑒐𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒏𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒯𑒲

𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒞𑒯𑒳 𑒏𑒞𑒋? 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒑 𑒪 ,𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 ,𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰 � 𑒂 ।
𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒠𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒡 𑒖𑒹
𑒏 𑒂𑒍𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒮 𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ?𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒲
𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒮𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒌𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒞𑓂𑒨� 𑒮 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒞 𑒦𑒰𑒋
𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒏 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒮 𑒮𑓂𑒨 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒞 𑒞
𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒌 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒳𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒪𑒐𑒢𑒴𑒣𑒳𑒩
𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲-𑒥𑒰𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒯𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒯𑒲 । 𑒥𑒰 𑒞
𑒍𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 । 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒬-𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒬𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒮𑒦𑒰
𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒙𑒱 𑒠𑓂𑒨𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟,𑒮 𑒨𑒏 𑒒𑒳 𑒞-𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒒𑒳 𑒞 𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 ।
𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒞𑓂𑒨� 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒞
𑒁𑓀𑒏𑒞 𑒮𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒏𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 ।

𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒋𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒞 𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒬𑓂𑒨 । 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒂 𑒂

𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒡𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒏 𑒠𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒣𑒩 𑒣 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 । 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒠,𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒞𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒑
𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 । 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒏 𑒩𑒏 𑒮𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒡 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒯𑒲
𑒮𑒦𑒰 ,𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 । 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒂𑒮,𑒦𑒴𑒐𑒮 𑒣 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪
𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 । 𑒮 𑒡 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 । 𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞- � 𑒃𑒞
𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 । 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒡𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 । 𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒏
𑒠𑒬 𑒣𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒠𑒨 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।

𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩-𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒅𑒪𑒙𑒱 -𑒣𑒳𑒪𑒙𑒱 𑒏𑒋 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏

𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒮𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒮𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒍𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 । 𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞
𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒏 𑒪 𑒩𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒞 𑒪 𑒯𑒲 । 𑒁𑓀𑒮𑒪𑒖𑒹
𑒍 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒪 𑒯𑒲 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒪𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 61

𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒮𑒖𑒹 𑒠𑒢𑒴𑒬 𑒪 𑒤 𑒃𑒪 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑓂𑒧𑓂𑒧 𑒪 । 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴

𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒡 𑒡𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞𑒩 𑒮 𑒤 𑒃𑒪𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒋 𑒯𑒲𑒩-𑒍 𑒯𑒲 𑒦𑒰𑒋
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏। 𑒞𑒏𑒩 -𑒣 𑒞 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒋𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩
𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒑𑒳𑒞 𑒣𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒮𑒏𑒪 । 𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒞 𑒪 𑒯𑒲
𑒙𑒱 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴,𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒪𑒏 𑒏𑒵𑒣 𑒣 𑒪 𑒯𑒲 ।
𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒍 𑒞 𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒪 𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 ।
𑒏𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒮,𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟�𑒮, 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒢𑒴 -𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 । 𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒑𑒣𑓂𑒣
𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒮 𑒏𑒩 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒮𑒑 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒑𑒩𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒏𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒦𑒰𑒨 𑒯𑒲
𑒩𑒴𑒣 𑒡𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒞 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒏𑒣𑒏 𑒃𑒞 𑒪𑒯𑒳 । 𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞 𑒏 𑒏
𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒂 𑒂𑒑 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒃𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴-𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹
𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞 𑒞 𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒐 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒪 𑒯𑒲 । 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒃𑒮 𑒩 𑒮
𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒥𑒰�𑒖𑒹𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒮 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰�𑒙𑒱𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒌𑒏 𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴?

𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒑𑒋 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒚𑒰𑒏 𑒢𑒴 । 𑒏 𑒪𑒏

𑒬 𑒦𑒴𑒞 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒩𑒴𑒏 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒂 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪𑒯𑒳 । 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴
𑒋𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒋𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒪𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮𑒪 𑒪𑒯𑒳 । 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒋𑒏
𑒩𑓂𑒑𑒠𑒬𑒏 𑒪 𑒑𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒬 𑒮 𑒏 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒙𑓂𑒙𑒏 𑒪।
𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒮 𑒆𑒣𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒬 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒬 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒅𑒖𑓂𑒖𑒩 𑒩𑒑𑒏 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒙𑓂𑒙𑒏 𑒪
𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒐𑒪 𑒪-𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 । 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒏 𑒏 𑒩 𑒩𑒑𑒏
𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒙𑓂𑒙𑒏 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴𑒪 𑒪 𑒂 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹
𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒐𑒪 𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒡𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏। 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒮 𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒁𑓀𑒩 𑒂 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒁𑓀𑒩 𑒩𑒑𑒏
𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒙𑓂𑒙𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒣𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒐𑒪 𑒪 𑒞𑓂𑒨� 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 । 𑒞𑓂𑒨� 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒬 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒗𑒰𑒿
𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪 । 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒮 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒑𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒪 𑒯𑒲 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴-𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴
𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒖𑒹 𑒄 𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒠𑓂𑒦𑒳�𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒋𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒏 �
 𑒫𑒱
62 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒏 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒞𑓂𑒏𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒦𑒰𑒋

𑒋, 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒚𑒰𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒑 𑒋।

𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 � 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳 । 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮𑒥𑒰 𑒏

𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒧𑓂𑒥𑒩𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒎 𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒞𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰
𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒩𑒞𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒥𑒰 𑒂𑒥𑒰𑒋 𑒪 𑒑𑒪-" 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒪𑒏 𑒠𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏
𑒮𑓂𑒫 𑒑𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒂 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒞𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒦𑒰 𑒭 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒍𑒪 𑒃𑒏
𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒒𑒳 𑒭𑒝𑒲 𑒮𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒏 𑒪 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒞 𑒏𑓂𑒭
𑒏𑒩𑒋 𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪 । 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒑𑒳𑒞 𑒃 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 । 𑒯𑒲 �𑒣 � 𑒣
𑒮𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒯𑒳 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒒𑒳 𑒭𑒝𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒏 𑒞𑒩 𑒠𑒋
𑒥𑒰 𑒪𑒯𑒳↓-

"𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒄 𑒏𑒯𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 -𑒏 𑒮𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒡

𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒂 𑒋𑒏𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒍𑒪 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒮
𑒋𑒏𑒩 𑒣𑒏 𑒅𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒏 ।"

" 𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒄 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒂 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲

𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒄 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒬𑓂𑒢 𑒏𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 ।"

"𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒤 𑒏𑒩𑒴 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒮 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒮 𑒨 𑒏 𑒙𑒱

𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 । 𑒏𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � , 𑒏𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।"

"𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒨𑒙𑒱𑒞 । 𑒋𑒏𑒩 𑒮 𑒣𑒖𑒹 � 𑒥𑒰

𑒁𑓀𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏 । 𑒄 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒏𑒋 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞
। 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒨𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒬 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒚𑒰 𑒏𑒮 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒋 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 ।"

"𑒋𑒏𑒩 𑒮 𑒡 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲?"

 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 63

"𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒳𑒩 𑒂 𑒪𑒐𑒢𑒴𑒣𑒳𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒑𑒣𑓂𑒣 𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲

𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒮𑒩𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒑 𑒁𑓀 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒋। 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒋𑒯𑒲
𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒦𑓂𑒨𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒪𑒑 𑒞 𑒩 𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒮 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒃𑒞
।"

"𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒏𑒩 ?"

" 𑒡 𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒮𑒳𑒢𑒴 । 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱
𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒞𑒩𑒠𑒵𑒙𑒱𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒨 𑒮𑒳𑒐𑒣 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒮𑒏
। 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒮 𑒡𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 । 𑒋𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒃𑒞
, 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒡 𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒮𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒞 𑒅 । 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒮 �𑒨 𑒏
𑒮 𑒡 𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒞 ।"

𑒞𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒍 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒞𑒩𑒯𑒲-𑒞𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒮𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒡

𑒂𑒍𑒩 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒣𑓂𑒞 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒥𑒰𑒋
𑒪𑒑𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒬𑒳𑒩𑒳𑒋𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟-

" 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒞 𑒋𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑓂𑒣 �𑒪 𑒃𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒅𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒑 𑒏𑒋 � 𑒏𑒪 ।

𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒁𑓀 𑒮𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒪𑒑 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒞𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒄 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒣𑒯𑒲
𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒭𑓂𑒏𑓂𑒩𑒱𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰 𑒞𑒮 𑒮 𑒡 𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰। "
𑒞𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒍 𑒡𑒩 𑒡𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒯𑒲 । 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒏 �
𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 "-𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴।

" 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒩𑒮𑒐 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒂𑒮 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩𑒮

𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒯𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒡 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒐𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒞
𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒏 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒂𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒥𑒰 𑒏
 𑒫𑒱
64 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒠𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑓂𑒘𑒰 𑒮 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒯𑒲

𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒪 𑒏𑒪 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 ।"

𑒞𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒍 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒂 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒏 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒯𑒲 । 𑒯𑒲

𑒮𑒞𑒏 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒍𑒋𑒯𑒲 । 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑓂𑒟
𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 । 𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒡 𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 , 𑒖𑒹𑒬𑒭 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒤� 𑒩 𑒦𑒰𑒋
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪।

𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒞 [email protected] 𑒣𑒩 𑒣𑒚𑒰 𑒅।

𑓒.𑓖.𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒭 𑒏𑒳 𑒩 𑒩 𑒨 '𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 '- 𑒪𑒒𑒳�𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟 - 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒠𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴

 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 65

𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒭 𑒏𑒳 𑒩 𑒩 𑒨 '𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 '

𑒪𑒒𑒳�𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟 - 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒠𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴

𑒂𑒖𑒳 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒨 𑒞 𑒂𑒨𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒠 𑒪 𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒩 । 𑒁𑓀𑒮𑓂𑒮𑒰 -𑒣𑒔𑓂𑒔𑒰 𑒮 𑒏 𑒪 𑒮

𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒨 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒞। 𑒑 𑒞-𑒢𑒴 𑒠 𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒖𑒹 । 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒩 𑒂𑒖𑒳
𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒞। 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒦𑒰 � 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪। 𑒨 𑒏𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒑𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒒𑒳𑒩 𑒖𑒹
𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒏 । 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒨𑒪 𑒢𑒴 𑒏-𑒮-𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒮 𑒢𑒴
𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒃 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒦𑒰𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒩 𑒑𑒣𑓂𑒣 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏।
𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒂𑒨𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒑 𑒩-𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒃 𑒅𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒪। 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒩 𑒂𑒍𑒩 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒃 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒒𑒳 𑒢𑒴
𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒃 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒴𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳𑒭𑓂𑒏 𑒮𑒑।

"𑒯𑒲 𑒐 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 । 𑒍𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒏𑒯𑒲 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒮𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰

।"
𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒃 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒥𑒰 𑒪 𑒯𑒲।
𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳𑒭𑓂𑒏 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒙𑓂𑒩𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒩 𑒃 𑒢𑒴𑒪 𑒣𑒩 𑒏𑓂𑒐𑒰 𑒠 �𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮 𑒞 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 �
𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒨𑒪 𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒏𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒪 𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒑𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒩 𑒏𑓂𑒐𑒰
𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳𑒭𑓂𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒩 , 𑒣𑒩𑒘𑓂𑒔 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒠𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒩 𑒃 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒩
 𑒫𑒱
66 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒏 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒝𑒲 𑒂𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒪 ।

𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒃 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒂𑒨 𑒦𑒰𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒏 � 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒐

𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳𑒭𑓂𑒏 � 𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒯𑒲 𑒣 𑒩𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒐 𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒨 𑒩
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪। 𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒥𑒰 𑒄
𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳𑒭𑓂𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒄 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒞 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 । 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒠𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒅 𑒞
𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।

𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒥𑒰 𑒄 𑒃 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳𑒭𑓂𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒄 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴

𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒥𑒰 । 𑒍 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒭 𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒤𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒯𑒲 । 𑒣𑒩𑒘𑓂𑒔 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩
𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒪 । 𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒥𑒰 𑒄 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒑𑒪 𑒥𑒰𑒩𑒐 𑒮 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒙𑓂𑒩𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒑
𑒏𑒩 � 𑒪𑒑𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒍 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒮 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒏𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒪 𑒌𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳𑒭𑓂𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒄
𑒍𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒏 । 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒍 𑒅𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒬 𑒖𑒹𑒠 �
𑒪𑒑𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒍𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒩𑒏 𑒯𑒲 । 𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰
𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒨𑒞 𑒖𑒹 ।
𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒞 [email protected] 𑒣𑒩 𑒣𑒚𑒰 𑒅।
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 67

𑓒.𑓗.𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑓂𑒠𑓂𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒨𑒝𑒲 𑒙𑒱 - 𑒞𑒵𑒬𑒩𑒝𑒲𑒧𑓂

𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑓂𑒠𑓂𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒨𑒝𑒲 𑒙𑒱

𑒞𑒵𑒬𑒩𑒝𑒲𑒧𑓂

𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒏 𑒐 𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒞 𑒏 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒃

𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒪। 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒨 𑒏 𑒮 𑒨𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒚𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹
 𑒫𑒱
68 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒮 𑒮𑓂𑒨 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 । 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒏 𑒮 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒑

𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒮 𑒨 𑒪𑒑𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴,𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒅𑒣 𑒩𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒮𑒳𑒡 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒐𑒢𑒴
𑒍 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩𑒮 𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒢𑒴 𑒃 𑒬𑒳𑒩𑒴 𑒏𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒞 𑒋𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟-
“𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒏 𑒐 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒏 𑒨𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞
।”
”𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒏। 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒠𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏 𑒞
𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰।”
𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒮𑒩𑒏 𑒩𑒏 𑒃𑒮𑒣𑒠 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒃 𑒣𑒩 𑒏𑒋
𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒒𑒳𑒩𑒏 𑒅𑒣𑒪𑒥𑓂𑒡𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒋𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴
𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒑𑒮 𑒢𑒴𑒍 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒪𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒠𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒪 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒏 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒑 𑒩
𑒋𑒑 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒪 𑒏𑒋 𑒐 𑒪 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏। 𑒢𑒴𑒍𑒮 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒋𑒪। 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹
𑒖𑒹 𑒠𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒪𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒪𑒑-𑒁𑓀𑒪𑒑 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒐𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩
𑒂𑒩𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒝𑒲 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰𑒋 𑒣 𑒪। 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒋𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒚𑒰𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳
𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏। 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒪 𑒅𑒣𑒪𑒥𑓂𑒡 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲,𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒪 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒞𑒳𑒩𑒞
𑒂𑒢𑒴𑒪 𑒃𑒢𑒴 𑒂𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒞 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒏
𑒂 𑒣𑒮 𑒏 𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒃 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒞𑒏𑒩
𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴-
“𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒨 !𑒮𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒞 ।”
“𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒞?”
“𑒋 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒂𑒅। 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒎 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒏।”
𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒅𑒞𑓂𑒮�𑒏𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒣 𑒣 𑒪𑒑
𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒑𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒯𑒳 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒮 𑒣 𑒥𑓂𑒪𑒳
𑒏𑒋𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒍
𑒂𑒬𑓂𑒔𑒰𑒨 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒠 𑒄 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪।
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 69

𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒪। 𑒋𑒑 𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒪𑒏 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒁𑓀𑒐𑒢𑒴

𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒏𑓂𑒣 � 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒪। 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴
𑒏 𑒐 𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒃, 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒃 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒃,𑒙𑒱𑒏
𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒑 𑒩 𑒏𑒩 । 𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲
𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒨𑒏𑒩 𑒙𑒱 𑒦𑒰 𑒑𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒑𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒞𑒥𑒰
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒪। 𑒮𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒡𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒡𑒏 𑒩 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒯𑒲
𑒂𑒬𑓂𑒔𑒰𑒨 𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒳𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒐𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴।
𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒪𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒮𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒞𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲
𑒋𑒑 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒪 𑒏𑒋 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒑 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪।
𑒖𑒹 𑒑 𑒩 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪। 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒂 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏
𑒠𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒮𑒏 𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒃𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪। 𑒂𑒥𑒰
𑒏 𑒐 𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒞 𑒏 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒑 𑒩 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒪। 𑒢𑒴𑒍 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒪
𑒏𑒋 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒃 𑒯𑒲 𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒑 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒯𑒳𑒖𑒹 𑒞। 𑒞𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒠
𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒮 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒞। 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠
𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒂𑒍𑒩 𑒏𑒋𑒪 𑒋𑒞। 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒐 𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒞 𑒏
𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒯𑒲 𑒠𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒪 𑒏𑒋 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒞
𑒏 𑒐 𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒞 𑒏 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴
𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒬𑒭 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴𑒣 𑒂𑒢𑒴𑒪 𑒃𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴
𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒃 𑒬𑒳𑒩𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏। 𑒁𑓀𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒳, 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒪 𑒏𑒋 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒐
𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒞 𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒬𑒭𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒂𑒢𑒴𑒪 𑒃𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒏 𑒍𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏। 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒨 𑒣 𑒮𑒋 𑒋𑒏 𑒩𑒳𑒣𑒨
𑒠𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒠 𑒩𑒳𑒣𑒨 𑒂𑒢𑒴𑒪 𑒃𑒢𑒴 𑒦𑒳𑒑𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪 𑒏
𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒬𑒭 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒞
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪,𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒞 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒐𑒩 𑒣 𑒦𑒰𑒋
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒐 𑒩,𑒐 𑒮 ,𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒪 𑒪 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒞𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒏 𑒃𑒞𑒮𑒦𑒰
 𑒫𑒱
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𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒏𑒩 ? 𑒯𑒲 𑒞 𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒮 𑒢𑒴 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒃

𑒒𑒳 𑒖𑒹 𑒣 𑒥𑒰। 𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒮 𑒨𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒩𑒠𑓂𑒠𑒲 𑒏𑒩 𑒋𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒦𑒰 𑒩
𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒋𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒃 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒤𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒙𑒱 𑒏
𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒑 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒣𑒩 𑒩𑒳𑒣𑒨 𑒣𑒮 𑒦𑒰𑒋
𑒋। 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒤𑒙𑒱𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴-𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏
𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒲 𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒞!
𑒞𑒳𑒩𑒞 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒏𑓂 𑒩 𑒪𑒑 𑒪𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒐
𑒅𑒙𑒱𑒚𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴,𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒐 𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴,𑒮𑒠 -𑒐 𑒮 𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒏𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴।
𑒏𑓂 𑒩𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒠𑒥𑒰 𑒃 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒐𑒪𑒏। 𑒞𑒳𑒩𑒞 𑒠𑒥𑒰 𑒃 𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒑 𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒮𑒳𑒡 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒋 𑒪𑒑𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴।
𑒂𑒢𑒴 𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒞 𑒥𑒰 𑒩𑒯𑒲
“𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲।“-𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴-𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒪𑒯𑒳।
𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒮𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒮𑒳𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪
𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴,𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒐 𑒩 𑒅𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴,𑒮𑒠 -𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒐 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒏
𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒪 𑒪 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒪 𑒑𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒩 𑒡𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 ।
𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒍 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒪 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒮 𑒞𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹
𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒃𑒁𑓀𑒛𑓂𑒛𑒰 𑒣𑒯𑒳 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒍 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒒𑒳𑒩𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒠
𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒮 𑒞𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒃 𑒁𑓀𑒛𑓂𑒛𑒰 𑒣𑒯𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒡𑒩 𑒡𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰
𑒏 𑒮𑒣𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒮 𑒢𑒴𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑒃𑒢𑒴 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒠𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒖𑒹
𑒮𑒳𑒩𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒃 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒮𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒡𑒞 𑒠𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒪𑒑
𑒣𑒯𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒃 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏
𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒏 𑒮 𑒨 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏। 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒅 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒒𑒳 ,𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴𑒣𑒩
𑒑𑒣𑓂𑒣-𑒮𑒣𑓂𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒪 𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒃 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 71

𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱 𑒑 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒒𑒳 𑒭𑒝𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒞𑒳𑒩𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒖𑒹

𑒂𑒑𑒋 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒞-𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴-𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴
𑒮 𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒪𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒃 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒏𑒖𑒹
𑒨 𑒏 𑒮𑒑 𑒅𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪।
𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒅𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒏 𑒪
𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒬 𑒡𑒩𑒞 𑒠𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒃𑒞 𑒪। - 𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒳𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪
𑒪। 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒏 𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒍𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒮𑓂𑒞
𑒑𑒑𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒃 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮𑒪 𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒢𑒴
𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒪 𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒣 𑒥𑒰 । 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒬𑒢𑓂𑒨𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱 𑒪 𑒢𑒴
𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪। 𑒮 𑒏 𑒩𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒩 𑒏 𑒩𑒏 𑒩𑒳𑒣 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰𑒩𑒝𑒲𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒯𑒲𑒑 𑒠𑒵𑒬𑓂𑒨
𑒮𑒠𑓂𑒨𑒰 𑒅𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰𑒞 𑒪।
𑓙 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒪 𑓒𑓐𑓒𑓔𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒍 𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱 𑒏𑒋 𑒠𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒪𑓂𑒪 𑒮
𑒅 𑒪 𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒃 𑒯𑒲 𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒑 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒃
𑒮 𑒢𑒴 𑒪𑒋 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒏 𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒛𑓂𑒛𑒰 𑒣𑒩 𑒅𑒞 𑒪। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰
𑒅𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒞 𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒂 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒂𑒮 𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒋𑒏
𑒒𑒳 𑒖𑒹 𑒮 𑒣 𑒥𑓂𑒪𑒳 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒑𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒯𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒏
𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒂𑒩𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒝𑒲𑒏 𑒏 𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒣
𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒪𑒑 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒂𑒩𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒝𑒲 𑒣𑒳𑒩 𑒪,𑒁𑓀𑒪𑒑-
𑒁𑓀𑒪𑒑 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒪𑒑-𑒁𑓀𑒪𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒚𑒰𑒩 । 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒏𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒞
𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 -
“𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒂𑒩𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒝𑒲 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒏 ?”
𑒯𑒲 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒃𑒮 𑒩 𑒥𑒰�𑒙𑒱𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏।
“𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲,𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲। 𑒂𑒩𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒝𑒲 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒯𑒲 ।”
𑒍 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒮 𑒋𑒏 𑒏𑒑 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪𑒏 ।
“𑒂𑒩 𑒏 𑒑 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒠𑒖𑒹 𑒠𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒥𑒰।“
 𑒫𑒱
72 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒥𑒰 𑒠𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒞𑒣𑒩 𑒡 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒁𑓀𑒮𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴

𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒃𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏। 𑒍
𑒞 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒨 𑒣 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒪। 𑒥𑒰 𑒠𑒖𑒹 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑓂𑒨𑒏 𑒩𑒏
𑒮𑒑 𑒍𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒌𑒏।
𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒃 𑒁𑓀𑒛𑓂𑒛𑒰 𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒏 𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒮 𑒑𑒣𑓂𑒣-
𑒮𑒣𑓂𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒪 𑒑𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒋𑒏𑒩 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒨 𑒏
𑒖𑒹 𑒑 𑒩 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒑 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏-
“𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒏 𑒐 𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒞 𑒏 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।
𑒂𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒏 𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒯𑒲𑒩
𑒒𑒳� 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒥𑒰 𑒠𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑 𑒂 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒣𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 ।
𑒏 𑒴 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒒𑒳� 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒯𑒲? ”
“𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 ?𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒞 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒃𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏। ”
“𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒐 𑒪 𑒑𑒞?”
“𑒂𑒃 𑒏 𑒐 𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒞 𑒏 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩 𑒋𑒥𑒰। 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒠
𑒦𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩 𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒞 𑒂 𑒂𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒣 𑒩 𑒪 𑒑𑒞 𑒒𑒳� 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒥𑒰।”
“𑒐 ?”
“𑒁𑓀𑒚𑒰 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒋 𑒪 𑒑𑒞।”
“𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒏। 𑒴 𑒋𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒯𑒲। 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒴𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒨 𑒩 𑒦𑒰𑒋
𑒃𑒞 । 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒥𑒰।”
𑒑𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒅𑒣 𑒮 𑒪।
𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒞 𑒏𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒪। 𑒁𑓀𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒳,𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒪𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰
𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒨 𑒩 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒍𑒢𑒴 𑒞 𑒏 𑒐 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒬𑒭 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴
𑒣𑒳𑒩 𑒏 𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴𑒪 𑒪, 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒠𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒪𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑒳𑒏 𑒣𑒯𑒲𑒩𑒏।
𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒂𑒃𑒋 𑒏 𑒐 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒠 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳।
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 73

“𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒮 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱 𑒩 𑒪𑒑 𑒍𑒪 𑒋।“-𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰

𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒪𑒯𑒳।
𑒪𑒑𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒂𑒡 𑒒𑒳 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒏 𑒐 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩 𑒪𑒑
𑒣𑒯𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒋𑒏 𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪।
𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴-
“𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒑 𑒩 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒏 ?”
“𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒋𑒞 ,𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒋𑒏𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒩𑒳𑒣𑒨 𑒪 𑒑𑒞।”
“𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲। 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒮 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴?”
“𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒬𑓂𑒔𑒰𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒩𑒯𑒴। 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒞𑓂𑒨𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒏 𑒃𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।”
𑒠𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒏 𑒣 𑒯𑒲 -𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒍
𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒢𑒴 -𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒢𑒴 𑒒𑒳� 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒏 𑒐 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒏 𑒪 𑒦𑒰 𑒑𑒖𑒹
𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 𑒑𑒦𑒰𑒑𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒪। 𑒑𑒦𑒰𑒑𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹
𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒪 𑒑𑒪 𑒃𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪𑒯𑒳।
𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒍𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒞𑒏 𑒣 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰𑒍𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒞𑒏𑒩
𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮 𑒠 𑒂 𑒤𑒪𑒏 𑒮𑒑 𑒋𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒮𑒩 𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏
𑒮𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒣 𑒮𑒋 𑒩𑒳𑒣𑒨 𑒂𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒮𑒩 𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒏 𑒞 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴-𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴
𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮 𑒠 𑒪𑒋 𑒏𑒋 𑒞 𑒏 𑒋𑒏𑒚𑒰 𑒚𑒰 𑒏𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒂 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴
𑒑𑒦𑒰𑒑𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒯𑒲।
“𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒋𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒞 𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒏𑒩𑒴। 𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮 𑒠 𑒏𑒋 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰
𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 ।“
𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒮 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒍 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒥𑒰 𑒪𑒣𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒨𑒪
𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒮 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏।
𑒁𑓀𑒮𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒨𑒪𑒏 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒥𑒰 𑒪𑒣𑒩 𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏।
𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒞 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒐𑒙𑒱𑒮 � 𑒏𑒪 𑒪। 𑒋𑒏 𑒥𑒵𑒠𑓂𑒡 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴
 𑒫𑒱
74 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒨𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒞𑒏

𑒥𑒰�𑒙𑒱𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒌𑒏। 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒣 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒍 𑒤� 𑒙𑒱
𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏,𑒐𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲,𑒥𑒰 𑒪 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒍 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒂 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒨𑒪𑒏
𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒥𑒰 𑒪𑒣𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪
𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒍 𑒏𑒞𑒯𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒎𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪।
𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒳𑒏 𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒍 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏
𑒂𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒥𑒰 𑒠𑒖𑒹 𑒍𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � -𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒂𑒩 𑒣 𑒏𑒩𑒍𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴।
𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒠 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒅𑒞𑓂𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒏𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳
𑒞 𑒏 𑒃 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒍𑒮𑒋 𑒩𑒳𑒣𑒨 𑒂𑒩 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳
𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏 𑒣 𑒮 𑒣𑓂𑒞 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪।
𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮 𑒠 𑒏𑒋 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒩
𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮 𑒠 𑒪𑒋 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒮 𑒥𑒰 𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒒𑒳 𑒪𑒑
𑒠𑒳𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒏𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒒𑒳 𑒍𑒪𑒯𑒳𑒂 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩𑒮 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒏 𑒏𑒋
𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒠 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳।
𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒏 𑒮𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒑𑒮 𑒏 𑒐 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒦𑒰𑒨 𑒍𑒢𑒴 𑒦𑒰 𑒏
𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒂𑒮 𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒑𑒦𑒰𑒑𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒪𑒑 (𑒧𑒳𑒠
𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒩) 𑒮 𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒞 𑒏 𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳, 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒪 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒮𑒩𑒖𑒹
𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒂𑒍𑒩 𑒣 -𑒣 𑒚𑒰𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳, 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒯𑒲 𑒩
𑒪। 𑒞 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒮𑒞𑒳𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒏 𑒮 𑒨
𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒦𑒰𑒏𑓂𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒦𑒰 𑒪। 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹
𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒏𑒯𑒲 𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒬𑒭𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴𑒏
𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩-𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪। 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒣 𑒒𑒳 𑒮 𑒨 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒑
𑒮𑓂𑒫 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒑 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒩 𑒪। 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒬𑒭 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴𑒏
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 75

𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒏 𑒮𑒑 𑒠𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒪𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩𑒮 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒮 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲

𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳।
𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒂 𑒦𑒰 𑒞𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒏 𑒡 𑒢𑒴 𑒂𑒑𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒳𑒏𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒡𑒏
𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒡𑒏 𑒩𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒣𑒨 𑒙𑒱𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒥𑒰 𑒪। 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒮𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒏 �
𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒪। 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒦𑒰 𑒞𑒩 𑒃𑒞 𑒏 𑒪 𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒞
𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒠 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒍𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒁𑓀𑒐𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒳 𑒍 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒏𑓂𑒞𑒩𑒙𑒱 𑒞
𑒪, 𑒩𑒴𑒏 𑒞 𑒠𑒳𑒩𑓂𑒑𑒡 𑒏𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪। 𑒏𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒤 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒭
𑒑𑒩𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒝𑒲𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒞 𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒏𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪।
𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒡 𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒩 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒞𑓂𑒨 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒏
𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒨𑒣𑒝𑒲 𑒂 𑒁𑓀 𑒢𑒴 𑒨 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏। 𑒄 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒁𑓀𑒥𑒰𑒮𑓂𑒮𑒰
𑒥𑒰𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒯𑒲 । 𑒞𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒑𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒞 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟।
𑒃𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒦𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳।
𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒦𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩 𑒣𑒯𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲 ।
𑒄 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩 𑒏 𑒐 𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒞 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒪𑒮 𑒋𑒏
𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒩 𑒤 𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒪 𑒣 𑒞𑒏 𑒂𑒩 𑒆 𑒦𑒰 𑒑𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰𑒞
𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒩𑒴𑒏 𑒞𑒏 𑒞 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒮𑒳𑒩𑒧𑓂𑒨 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒞
𑒠𑒳𑒩𑓂𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞 𑒄 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒧𑒳𑒐 𑒂𑒡 𑒙𑒱𑒞𑓂𑒧𑒏 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹
𑒮 𑒋𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒪 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒋𑒞𑒋 𑒁𑓀𑒥𑒰�𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒪 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒦𑒰
𑒞𑒩 𑒏 𑒮 𑒢𑒴 𑒍𑒪 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒏 𑒞 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒬 𑒞
𑒪। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒏 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳,𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒪 𑒍𑒞𑒋
𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒮 𑒞 𑒏 𑒂𑒩 𑒡𑒢𑒴
𑒞𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒮 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒮𑒳𑒞𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒏𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒡 𑒢𑒴
𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒣𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏। 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 𑒂𑒋𑒪,𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒍 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒳𑒞𑒪
𑒣 𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪।
𑒦𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩
 𑒫𑒱
76 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳 । 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒞 𑒂𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒚𑒰 𑒪𑒋 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒨 𑒩 𑒪।

𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒨 𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩
𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒋 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒮 𑒑𑒳𑒂𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒨 𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒪 𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒞𑒏𑒩
𑒥𑒰 𑒠𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒦𑒰𑒃𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪।
“𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒪।“-𑒍 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒏𑒪-
𑒖𑒹𑒚𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒂𑒋𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒣𑒯𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒂𑒖𑒳𑒏 𑒅𑒣𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒥𑓂𑒡𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞
𑒮𑒞𑒳𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒩𑒯𑒲 ,𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒞𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒋 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲 ।
𑒠𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒪 𑓒𑓐𑓒𑓔𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒨 𑒩 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲 ।
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑒳𑒏 𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒞 𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒑𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒏 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒮𑒳𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒪
𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒋। 𑒏𑒞𑒯𑒳 𑒏𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒞 -𑒣𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒪। 𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒏
𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒪𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒩𑒴𑒏 𑒞 𑒍𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒪
𑒪। 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒮𑒳𑒞𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒋। 𑒥𑒰 𑒠𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒠𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒏 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰
𑒖𑒹 𑒡𑒩 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒠𑓂𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰
𑒖𑒹 𑒏-𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲,𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲, 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒧𑒳𑒠
𑒃𑒞𑒙𑒱 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒮,𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒡𑒩𑒤𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲,𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒞𑒢𑒴 𑒍 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲। 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹
𑒏 𑒪𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒋। 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲 𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴
𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒠 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳।
𑒂𑒃 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒮 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒅 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒏 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏
𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒢𑒴 𑒪। 𑒅 𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑓂𑒩𑒰𑒯𑓂𑒧𑒣𑒳 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒠𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒣 𑒣𑒩
𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹 𑒅 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰𑒞 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒠𑓂𑒡 𑒙𑒱𑒬 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒃𑒞
𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰𑒞 𑒠𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒂𑒏 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒠𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏।
𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑓑𑓖𑓙𑓔 𑒄. 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒂𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒬 𑒣𑒩 𑒑𑒠 𑒡𑒩
𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒍𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪, 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑓑𑓘𑓖𑓗 𑒖𑒹 𑒦𑒴𑒏𑒣 𑒮 𑒄 𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 77

𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒙𑓂𑒙 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒪 𑒂𑒏𑒵𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒋।, 𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒮𑒙𑒱 𑒨

𑒏 𑒩 𑒑𑒩𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒣𑒳𑒝𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒬𑒪𑒏 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒨𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏। 𑒥𑓂𑒩𑒰𑒯𑓂𑒧𑒣𑒳 𑒖𑒹 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴
𑒏 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪। 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒅𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒪 𑒏𑒋
𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒂𑒑 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒣𑒯𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒏। 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒍 𑒅 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒋
𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒮𑓂 𑒩𑒏 𑒣𑒞 𑒪𑒑𑒍𑒪𑒏। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑓂 𑒩 𑒣𑒩 𑒣𑒯𑒳𑒖𑒹 𑒞
।𑒠 𑒥𑒵𑒠𑓂𑒡 𑒨 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒍 𑒋𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴
𑒮𑓂 𑒩 𑒪। 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒞 𑒋𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒮𑒏 𑒠𑒮𑒋 𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒧𑒳𑒠
𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒣𑒏 𑒩𑒴 𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒅 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒪𑒋 𑒋𑒞
𑒂 𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒂𑒢𑒴𑒞। 𑒂𑒩 𑒨 𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒞 𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒩𑒋 𑒣 𑒞।
𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒨 𑒩 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒍𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒠𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴
𑒮𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒢𑒴। 𑒞𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒮𑓂 𑒩 𑒐�𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪।
𑒥𑓂𑒩𑒰𑒯𑓂𑒧𑒣𑒳 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒞 𑒮𑓂 𑒩𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒂𑒢𑒴 𑒨 𑒠𑒵𑒬𑓂𑒨
𑒪। 𑒩𑒴𑒏 𑒞 𑒬 𑒞 𑒂 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒞 𑒩𑒝𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒑 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒞
𑒮𑓂 𑒩𑒏 𑒠𑒵𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒞 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒞 𑒪। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒪𑒮 𑒣𑒢𑓂𑒠𑓂𑒩𑒯𑒲
𑒙𑒱 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒅 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩 𑒪𑒑 𑒣𑒯𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒮𑓂 𑒩 𑒩𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪
𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒚𑒰 𑒮 𑒥𑒰 𑒪। 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒣𑒩𑒮 𑒅𑒞𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒂
𑒏𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒭𑓂𑒙𑒏𑒩 𑒏 𑒪। 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒋𑒮𑒏 𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒍 𑒠𑒳𑒢𑒴
𑒨 । 𑒥𑒰𑒑 𑒪𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒑 𑒮 𑒂𑒋𑒪 𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒣𑒞𑓂𑒢𑒲 𑒯𑒵𑒠𑒨𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒑
𑒅𑒞𑓂𑒮 𑒯𑒲𑒣 𑒏 𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒴𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒢𑒴। 𑒞𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒙𑒱𑒣
𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒂𑒑 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒥𑒰 -𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒳𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒃𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒪𑒯𑒳।
𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒮𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒯𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒩𑒯𑒲 ,𑒂𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒯𑒲 ।
𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 -𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳।
𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � -𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒣 𑒍𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴,𑒣
𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒝𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰𑒍𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒨𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒮 𑒡
𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒍 𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒝𑒲
 𑒫𑒱
78 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒂𑒢𑒴 𑒠 𑒨𑒏 𑒪। 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒮 𑒅𑒚𑒰𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒦𑒰𑒋

𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪। 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒮𑓂 𑒩𑒮 𑒣𑒮 𑒪। 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒏 𑒪 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒁𑓀𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒳,𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒪𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒣𑒮 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳।
𑒮𑓂 𑒩𑒣𑒩 𑒅𑒞𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒂 𑒥𑒰 𑒠𑒳𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒪 𑒏 𑒪। 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲
𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒂𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒪। 𑒮𑓂 𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 -𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒢𑒴
𑒐�𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒪 𑒪। 𑒪𑒑𑒣 𑒮𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒐𑒪 𑒣 𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒩𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒣𑒏𑒙𑒱 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒣𑒩
𑒣𑒯𑒳 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒪। 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 -𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒣𑒮 𑒮𑓂 𑒩𑒣𑒩 𑒣𑒯𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪
𑒥𑓂𑒩𑒰𑒯𑓂𑒧𑒣𑒳 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒮 𑒨 𑒣𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪। 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒍 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩
𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒟𑓂𑒫𑒲 𑒣𑒩 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒩𑓂𑒑𑒏 𑒂𑒢𑒴 𑒪𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪𑒯𑒳, 𑒧𑒳𑒑𑓂𑒡 𑒪𑒯𑒳
। 𑒞 𑒥𑒰𑒞𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑓂 𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒏-
“𑒅𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒅 ।“
𑒒𑒳 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒮𑓂 𑒩𑒮 𑒅𑒞𑒩𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒖𑒹
𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒞 𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒏𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒮
𑒂𑒑 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳।
𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒦𑒴𑒐 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪। 𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒐 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰
𑒩𑒴𑒩 𑒪। 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒂𑒑 𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰। 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒯𑒲
𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒌𑒏। 𑒁𑓀𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒳,𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒪𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒋𑒏 𑒪𑒣 𑒢𑒴𑒑𑒯𑒲 𑒪𑒑
𑒍𑒞𑒋 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒮 𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒐 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒳𑒏𑒪। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰, 𑒯𑒲 𑒣 𑒪𑒯𑒳।
𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒏 𑒂𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒣𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒠𑒏 𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒐 -𑒩𑒮𑒑𑒳𑒪𑓂𑒪
𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒯𑒲 𑒣 𑒪𑒏। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒠𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒥𑒰 𑒠𑒖𑒹
𑒣𑒞 𑒪 𑒑𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒃𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏। 𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒐 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠
𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒤� 𑒩𑒞 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒩
𑒥𑓂𑒩𑒰𑒯𑓂𑒧𑒣𑒳 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒏 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒣 𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒂 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪𑒯𑒳
𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳। 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒝𑒲 𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒋𑒏𑒮𑒋
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 79

𑒣 𑒮 𑒮 𑒪 𑒣𑒳 𑒏𑒋𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪। 𑒮𑒢𑓂𑒟 𑓑𑓙𑓖𑓐𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒏𑒩 𑒣𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒝𑒲

𑒏𑒋𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒤𑒑𑒳𑒂 𑒂 𑒢𑓂𑒧 𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒏 𑒮 𑒨 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒭𑓂𑒙
𑒂𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒋𑒪 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒤𑒑𑒳𑒂𑒏
𑒂𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒵𑒭𑓂𑒝𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲𑒮
𑒢𑒴 𑒍𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒢𑓂𑒧 𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒞 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒮
𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮 𑒠𑒏 𑒩𑒴𑒣𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒐 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒁𑓀 𑒮𑒩
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒪। 𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒐 𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒑 𑒏 𑒏𑒳𑒙𑓂𑒙 𑒣𑒩 𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒞
𑒪,𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒐 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒪 𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒥𑒰 𑒩 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮 𑒠
𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪𑒯𑒳।
𑒅 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒮 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲𑒮 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒞
𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟, 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒠𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒃 𑒬𑒳𑒩𑒴 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩
𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪। 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒒𑒳�𑒙𑒱 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒪𑒯𑒳।
𑒞𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒙𑒱𑒣 𑒒𑒳�𑒩𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒬 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳 । 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩
𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒂𑒋𑒪। 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒳𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒃𑒞
𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒬 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒏 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒬 𑒧𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒯𑒲।
𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒂 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒏 𑒪𑒡 𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞
𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒑 𑒏𑒋 𑒙𑒱𑒬 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒂 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒏 𑒩𑒳𑒣𑒖𑒹
𑒮𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳, 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹
𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒏 𑒪 𑒮𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒂 𑒣𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒠
𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞- 𑒃𑒞 𑒏 𑒪 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒯𑒲𑒩𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒦𑒰𑒢𑓂𑒢
𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒣𑒳𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒂𑒏 𑒩-𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒏 𑒩𑒏 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒪। 𑒂𑒮 𑒮𑒯𑒲𑒩𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒞
𑒦𑒰 𑒭 𑒏𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳𑒩 𑒑 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒋𑒪।
𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒐𑒥𑒰 𑒩 𑒞𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒣𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒪। 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒚𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒙𑓂𑒙𑒣𑒩
𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒂𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒮𑒙𑒱 𑒂 𑒦𑒰 𑒭 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒐𑒪 𑒪। 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒨
 𑒫𑒱
80 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒦𑒰 𑒭 𑒖𑒹 𑒑𑒣𑓂𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒮𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒃𑒞 𑒪। 𑒏

𑒡𑒳𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 ,𑒠𑒩𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒏 𑒮𑓂𑒫 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ?𑒅𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒩
𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒞 ।
𑒨 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒣𑒳 𑒏
𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒪 𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒍 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒏 𑒏𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪
𑒪। 𑒏𑒳𑒪𑒙𑒱 𑒪 𑒏𑒋 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒍 𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒂𑒠 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒋𑒪 । 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒏 𑒩
𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒴𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏, 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒍 𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒂 𑒍
𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒋। 𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒂 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏। 𑒖𑒹𑒮
𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒏𑒋 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑 𑒂 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒣𑒳 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒏
𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒞 𑒣𑒳 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏। 𑒍 𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪
𑒪।
“𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒋𑒥𑒰।“- 𑒍 � 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒥𑒰 𑒪।
“𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒐 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏?”
“𑒨𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒣 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃 𑒞 𑒍𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩
𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒙𑒱 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 । 𑒏𑒞𑒯𑒳 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒞। 𑒨𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒏𑒩 𑒞 𑒍 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒪 𑒑𑒞।”
“𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏𑒯𑒳। 𑒋𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒣𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒢𑒴 𑒃
,𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒍𑒞𑒋 𑒒𑒳� 𑒢𑒴 𑒃 ,𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒋𑒖𑒹 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒢𑒴 𑒃
𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒐𑒩 𑒣 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒋𑒞 𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴? 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩
𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒂𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒩𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒏
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒮 𑒮𑒳𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒥𑒰,𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒒𑒳�𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒥𑒰। 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒮𑒩
𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒙𑒱 𑒋𑒥𑒰।”
“𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒂𑒩 𑒪 𑒑𑒞, 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒠𑒳𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒦𑒰 𑒂𑒚𑒰
𑒯𑒲 𑒩।”
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 81

“𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲।”

𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒍 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒮 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞
𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒋𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒮 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒃। 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪-“𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑𑒖𑒹
𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏,𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒣𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒐𑒔𑓂𑒔𑒰𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏।
𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴,𑒪𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒩𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒬 𑒖𑒹 ।
𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒞 𑒍 𑒑𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒏𑒠 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰
𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏।“
𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒍 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒯𑒲𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰
𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏-
“𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲। 𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒞𑒖𑒹� 𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲
𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒮𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒥𑒰।”
𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒑 𑒥𑒰 𑒃𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒍 𑒞𑒳𑒩𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒨 𑒩 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒧𑒳𑒠
𑒣 𑒮𑒋 𑒩 𑒙𑒱 𑒬𑒳𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒏𑓂𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒞। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏। 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒄 𑒖𑒹 𑒍 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒋𑒪।
𑒃𑒞- 𑒃𑒞 𑒍 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒏-
“𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒣 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒋𑒥𑒰। 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒨 𑒩
𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰।”
“𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒏।”
𑒣𑒮 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒍 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒴𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒩
𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒪 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒞 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒐𑒩 𑒣
𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒠𑒠,𑒂𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � ,𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒮 𑒮𑓂𑒨 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴।
𑒠𑒥𑒰 𑒃 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒂 𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳।
“𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒠𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒏𑒥𑒰?𑒨𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴
𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒐𑒩 𑒣 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴?”
𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒋 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏। 𑒄𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲
 𑒫𑒱
82 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒒𑒳𑒩𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒮 𑒣

𑒋𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒞।
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒅𑒙𑒱𑒚𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲
𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒳 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒮𑓂𑒫 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒏-“𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒚𑒰 𑒏
, 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 ।”𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒮𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒅𑒮 𑒮
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪। 𑒯𑒲 𑒞𑒳𑒩𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏-“𑒮 𑒨𑒣𑒩 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰
𑒃𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲।”
“𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒏।”
𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒣 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒨 𑒩 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒮 𑒨𑒖𑒹 𑒍𑒞𑒋 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒑 𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒪।
𑒁𑓀𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒳, 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒞 𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒏𑒋
𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒂 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞
𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒣𑒳 𑒏 𑒨 𑒣𑒩 𑒂𑒑 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒮𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒬 𑒞 𑒪।
𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒮𑒳𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒋। 𑒄 𑒞 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒃𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑒳𑒏
𑒣𑒯𑒲𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒩 𑒮 𑒏 𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒩 𑒬𑒳𑒩𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒍𑒯𑒲
𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒏 𑒨𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰 । 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒪𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒒𑒳 𑒪𑒨𑒏
𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒮 𑒂𑒮 𑒂 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒮𑒩 𑒮 𑒪𑒑 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒮 𑒏𑒏 𑒋𑒏
𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒒𑒳 𑒪𑒨। 𑒖𑒹 𑒒𑒳 𑒪𑒨 𑒪𑒞 𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒮𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰
𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒩𑒬𑓂𑒔𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒮𑒐 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒋𑒪। 𑒋𑒏 𑒡
𑒮𑓂𑒙𑒱 𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒋𑒪,𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩 𑒋𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒋𑒪। 𑒨𑒙𑒱𑒠
𑒏𑒞𑒯𑒳 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒏𑒋𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒞 𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒏 𑒨 𑒩𑓂𑒑𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒋
𑒪। 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 -𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒂𑒑 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒢𑒴 -𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒢𑒴 𑒑𑒪-
𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪। 𑒩𑒴𑒏 𑒞 𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒁𑓀𑒩 𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒠𑒵𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒞
𑒪। 𑒖𑒹 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒪। 𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒬 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒚𑒰 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 83

𑒪। 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪। 𑒍

𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒩𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒧𑒳𑒐 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪
𑒪। 𑒪𑒑𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒮 𑒞 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰𑒞 𑒂𑒨𑒏𑒩
𑒙𑒱 𑒦𑒰 𑒑𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒑𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒯𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒋
𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒌𑒏। 𑒃𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒣 𑒪𑒯𑒳।
𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒪 𑒮𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒂 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒣𑒳 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒠 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳।
𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒣𑒳 𑒏 𑒮 𑒏 𑒩𑓂𑒑𑒮 𑓕𑓗 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒩𑒤 𑒏
𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒄 𑒨 𑒁𑓀𑒞𑓂𑒨𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒮 𑒏𑒏 𑒠𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒠𑓂𑒦𑒳�𑒞
𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒏𑒵𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒠𑒨𑒮 𑒦𑒰𑒩𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 -𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 𑒤 𑒏
𑒪𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒣 𑒞𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒁𑓀𑒮𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑𑒏 𑒨
𑒁𑓀𑒠𑓂𑒦𑒳�𑒞 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒏𑒵𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒏 𑒠𑒵𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒮 𑒦𑒰𑒩𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒋𑒏 𑒮 𑒋𑒏 𑒠𑒵𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴
𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪,𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒯𑒳, 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴
𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒃𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒳𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒞 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩
𑒠𑒵𑒬𑓂𑒨𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒞𑒯𑒳 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 ।
𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑 𑒮𑒯𑒲𑒩𑒮 𑒪𑒑𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒠𑒮𑒙𑒱 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮𑒞𑒯𑒲𑒮
𑒆 𑒣𑒩 𑒁𑓀 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒏 𑒦𑓂𑒨� 𑒣𑓂 𑒃 । 𑒄 𑓑𑓙𑓖𑓖 𑒩
𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒏 𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒒𑒳𑒮 𑒂 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒞 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒍𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒒𑒳 𑒞
𑒮 𑒢𑓂𑒨𑒞 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒪 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒞 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰𑒏 𑒢𑒴
𑒖𑒹 𑒒𑒳 𑒪𑒨 𑒩 𑒐𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑 𑒮𑒯𑒲𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒣𑒝𑒲𑒞 𑒮
𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒪 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒑𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒬𑒏 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲
𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒪 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।
𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲𑒬𑒑𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒨 𑒑 𑒪𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒣 𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒒𑒳 𑒪𑒨𑒏 𑒣 𑒐 𑒮 𑒣𑒯𑒲
𑒙𑒱 𑒪 𑒏 𑒮𑒄 𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 , 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒋𑒏𑒩 𑒮𑒄
𑒪𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒣 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲𑒬𑒑𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒨 𑒑 𑒪𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒣 𑒞𑒏
𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒪𑒑𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑓑𑓐𑓓𑓓 𑒤 𑒏 𑒆 𑒄𑒮 𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒞
 𑒫𑒱
84 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒦𑒰 𑒑𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱 𑒦𑒰 𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒁𑓀𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒳,𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒪𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒣 𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒢𑒴

𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒮𑓂 𑒩 𑒤 𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।

𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒏 𑒬𑒳𑒩𑒳𑒋𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒣 𑒮𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒮 𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑓑𑓕

𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒩 𑒠𑒩 𑒁𑓀 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰𑒞 𑒏𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒧𑓂𑒣𑒰𑒣 𑒖𑒹 𑒪 𑒮 𑒏𑒮
𑒏𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒤 𑒏 𑒒𑒳 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒠𑒵𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒏𑒖𑒹 𑒏
𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒧𑓂𑒣𑒰𑒣 𑒖𑒹 𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒢𑒴𑒩 𑒙𑒱 𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।
𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒪 𑒩𑒳𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒮 𑒏𑒏 𑒏 𑒞𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑒃𑒏
𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒏𑒞 𑒠 𑒦𑒳𑒙𑓂𑒙 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒏 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪। 𑒦𑒴𑒐 𑒪𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒋। 𑒯𑒲 𑒠𑒳𑒢𑒴
𑒏𑒃𑒏 𑒦𑒳𑒙𑓂𑒙 𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒪 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒐 𑒃𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒂
𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒠𑓂𑒦𑒳�𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒠𑒵𑒖𑒹𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒯𑒳।

𑒪𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒣 𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒒𑒳 𑒪𑒨𑒏 𑒣 𑒐 𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒩

𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒣 𑒮 𑒥𑒰 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒩 𑒤 𑒏 𑒁𑓀 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰𑒞 𑒋𑒏
𑒂𑒬𑓂𑒔𑒰𑒨 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒪𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒣 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏। 𑒄 𑒖𑒹 𑒒𑒳 𑒪𑒨𑒏 𑒣 𑒐 𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒮
𑒂𑒏𑒭𑒝𑒲 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒑𑒐𑒩𑒑 𑒣 𑒏𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒣 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨
𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒠𑓂𑒡 𑒮𑒳𑒠𑒩 𑒣 𑒏𑒏 𑒦𑒰 𑒞𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒋𑒏𑒩 𑒆 𑒄 𑓑𑓐𑓐𑓑 𑒤
𑒄 𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑒞𑒏 𑒮 𑒞 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒮 𑒆 𑒪𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒣 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏। 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।
𑒪𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒣 𑒞 𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒩 𑒨 𑒪𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒣 𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏। 𑒄 𑒪𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒣 𑒞 𑒠 𑒁𑓀𑒪𑒑-
𑒁𑓀𑒪𑒑 𑒡 𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒮𑒩𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒞 𑒏 𑒪 𑒋𑒏-𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒮𑒩𑒖𑒹
𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒏𑒋 𑒂𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒮 𑒂𑒑 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।
𑒋𑒏𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒣𑒳 𑒏 𑒂𑒮𑒣 𑒮𑒏 𑒯𑒲𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒣𑒝𑒲
𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒒𑒳�𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩-𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒑𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒬𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒖𑒹𑒏
𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒮 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞-
“𑒍𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐। 𑒥𑒰𑒑𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒬𑒖𑒹 𑒪𑒃 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒂𑒃
𑒍𑒏𑒩𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒏 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒏। 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒅𑒞𑓂𑒮 𑒏𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒞।”
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 85

𑒂𑒥𑒰𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒦𑒴𑒐 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏। 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒪

𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒣𑒝𑒲 𑒬 𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒪𑒨 𑒂𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒩𑒴𑒙𑓂𑒮𑒮 𑒪𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪।
𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒦𑒰 𑒪,𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒑 𑒥𑒰 𑒪। 𑒪𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 𑒋𑒖𑒹 𑒚𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।
𑒪। 𑒯𑒲 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒮 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒠𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒣𑒳𑒩 𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒏
𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒏 𑒪𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒣𑒳𑒩 𑒏 𑒋𑒮 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒍 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒣𑒳 𑒪𑒏-
“𑒂𑒡 𑒒𑒳 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒞 𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒏𑒩𑒋 𑒣 𑒞।”
“𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲। ”
“𑒯𑒲 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒠 𑒥𑒰𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏,𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒏 𑒮𑒐 �
𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏,𑒂 𑒍 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒪 𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒏। 𑒯𑒲 𑒞𑒳𑒩𑒞 𑒂𑒢𑒴𑒪 𑒃𑒢𑒴
𑒦𑒳𑒑𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏। 𑒍 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒣𑒳𑒩 𑒠𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒏। 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒠
𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒳𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒋𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒠𑒐𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏। 𑒍 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒢𑒴
𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪𑒏 𑒂 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒏-
“𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒮 𑒅। 𑒯𑒲 𑒂𑒡 𑒒𑒳 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒥𑒰।
𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒂𑒡 𑒒𑒳 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒍 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪𑒏।
𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒞𑒳𑒩𑒞 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒪𑒑 𑒣𑒯𑒳𑒖𑒹 𑒞 । 𑒍 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮𑒥𑒰 𑒏
𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒮 𑒃𑒮 𑒩 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒣𑒩 𑒏𑒋
𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒞 𑒋𑒏 𑒮 𑒋𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒏𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒒𑒳� 𑒋
𑒪 𑒑𑒪। 𑒞𑒩𑒯𑒲- 𑒋। 𑒖𑒹 𑒞𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮 𑒑𑓂𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴
𑒐 𑒃, 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒐 𑒃। 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒂 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒦𑒴𑒞𑒣
𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒏 𑒮𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴
𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒍𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒂 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒂𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒦𑒰 𑒍𑒮 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒮
𑒩 𑒏𑒵𑒭𑓂𑒝 𑒂 𑒏 𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪। 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰
𑒍𑒞𑒋 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒣𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒪।
𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒋 � 𑒏𑒪
 𑒫𑒱
86 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒪। 𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒠 𑒋 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒮 𑒣𑒮 𑒨 𑒬𑒳𑒩𑒴 𑒏𑒋 � 𑒏𑒪 𑒪।

𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒍𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒑𑒩 𑒠𑒵𑒬𑓂𑒨𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒞-𑒮𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒞 𑒪𑒑𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹
𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒑𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒯𑒳𑒙𑒱 � 𑒏𑒪 𑒪𑒯𑒳।
𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒑𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒯𑒲- 𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒪𑒑𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒢𑒴𑒍 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒖𑒹 𑒮
𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒏 𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑𑒮 𑒩 𑒣𑒳 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑
𑒂 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒂𑒮𑒣 𑒮𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒡𑒏 𑒬 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒧𑒳𑒐 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒯𑒲 ।
𑒂𑒃 𑒃𑒞- 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒪 𑒣𑒯𑒳 𑒪𑒯𑒳।
𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒞 𑒩𑒳𑒣𑒨 𑒠𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒬 𑒢𑒴 𑒑𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒏𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒪𑒖𑒹
𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒬 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑒋 𑒪𑒋 𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒠 𑒩𑒳𑒣𑒨 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒮 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।
𑒏𑒢𑒴𑒪 𑒂𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒬𑒣𑒩 𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒨 𑒮𑒩 𑒞𑒞𑓂𑒏𑒰 𑒪 𑒢𑒴 𑒂𑒨�𑒏𑓂𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳।
𑓑𑓘𑓙𑓔 𑒭 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒝𑒲 𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒪𑒏 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒠𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒏𑒋𑒪 𑒖𑒹
𑒮𑒳𑒠𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒩𑒴𑒏 𑒞 𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒪𑒏 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒪।- 𑒪 𑒑𑒪 𑒤𑒪𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒮𑒳𑒠𑒩
𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 𑒚𑒰 𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒣𑒪 𑒏 𑒚𑒰𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒪𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।
𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒐�𑒂 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒞 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟
𑒒𑒳�𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒣𑒨 𑒏𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒡 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒨𑒢𑒴𑒏
𑒙𑒱𑒒𑒳 𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒍𑒞𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒴𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟।
𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑 𑒤 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒩 𑒣𑒢𑓂𑒠𑓂𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑𑒮-
𑒩𑒳𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒪𑒑 𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒪 𑒅𑒙𑒱 𑒨 𑒁𑓀 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰𑒞 𑒮 𑒏𑒣𑒩 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑓒𑓒𑓐
𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏। 𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒪 𑒏𑒵𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑒒𑒳 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑𑒏 𑒄 𑒣𑒮𑒩𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒩𑒖𑒹
𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒅𑒞𑒣𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒪𑒙𑒱 𑒠𑓂𑒨𑒰�𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒝𑒲 𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒪𑒏 𑒏𑒵𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒂𑒩 𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒨𑒩 𑒩𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒮 𑒣𑒮𑒩𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒪𑓂𑒫𑒢𑒴 𑒪। 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒏𑒋𑒪
𑒐𑒮 𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱 𑒬 𑒪 𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒪𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒏 𑒑𑒳𑒝𑒲 𑒥𑒰
𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 87

𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐 𑒃𑒞 𑒩𑒑𑒏 𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒁𑓀𑒩 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒪𑒏 𑒅𑒙𑒱 𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹

𑒣𑒮𑒩𑒪 𑒩𑒴𑒏 𑒞 𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒪𑒏 𑒅𑒙𑒱 𑒨 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।
𑒥𑒵𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒮𑒦𑒰, 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒏 । 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒣𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒨 𑒏𑒩
𑒅𑒞𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒃 , 𑒁𑓀𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒪𑒏
𑒋। 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒍𑒪 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴 । 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃 𑒚𑒰 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒮
𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒪 𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒮 𑒢𑒴 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒧𑒳𑒠 , 𑒖𑒹𑒚𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩
𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒠𑒳𑒒𑒳 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒑 𑒪 𑒣𑒩 𑒮𑒞𑒳𑒪𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱 । 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒮 𑒮𑓂𑒨
𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒪। 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰�𑒙𑒱𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒍 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒄 𑒪। 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞
𑒑𑒳𑒂𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒠 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒮 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒏 𑒪𑒏
𑒩𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒍𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒪। 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒂𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒪। 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒏, 𑒍𑒋𑒯𑒲
𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒞 𑒂𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒪। 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩𑒮 𑒠𑒵𑒬𑓂𑒨𑒮𑒦𑒰
𑒣𑒳 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒂𑒑-
“𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒒𑒳 𑒪𑒨 𑒣𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒮𑒮 𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞
𑒯𑒲?𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒩 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒣𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒮 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒬𑒭 𑒢𑒴
𑒒𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒏 ?”
“𑒏 𑒏𑒯𑒴 ?𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒠 𑒏 𑒮 𑒨𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒏
𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑 𑒋𑒥𑒰 𑒩𑒴𑒩 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏। 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒋 𑒂𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱 𑒏
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒨 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒣𑒯𑒳 𑒥𑒰𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒏।
”
“𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴?”
“𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑 𑒮𑒯𑒲𑒩𑒏 𑒪𑒑 𑒣𑒯𑒳 𑒪𑒯𑒲 �
𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒮 𑒩𑒴𑒏 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒒𑒳𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒲𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒞𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒙𑒱𑒣 𑒯𑒲𑒋।
𑒥𑒰 𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒂𑒑 𑒏𑒋, 𑒣𑒏𑒙𑒱 𑒣𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒮 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒏 𑒂𑒑 𑒏𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒧𑒳𑒠
𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒖𑒹 𑒪𑒏। 𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒪𑒮 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪 𑒏 𑒩𑒳𑒣𑒨 𑒮𑒋 𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪𑒏।
𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒮𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒋। 𑒐𑒔𑓂𑒔𑒰𑒩 𑒣𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒮 𑒍 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪। 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒮 𑒣𑓂𑒞 𑒋𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰 𑒞
 𑒫𑒱
88 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒂𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒏। 𑒏𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒃𑒪𑒣𑒩 𑒣𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏

𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒮𑒋 𑒍𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪𑒏। 𑒣𑒏𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒣𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒮𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒩𑒯𑒲
𑒑𑒪𑒏 𑒩𑒳𑒣𑒨 । 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒨 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒯𑒲
𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒮 𑒥𑒰�𑒖𑒹𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒏𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏। 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒣𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒮𑒏 𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒪
𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏। 𑒩𑒳𑒣𑒨 𑒠𑒮𑒋 𑒍𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒏𑒋 𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒍 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏
𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒐 𑒢𑒴𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒃𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒪𑒪। 𑒂𑒠 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒂 𑒍 𑒧𑒳𑒠
𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒏 𑒂 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒏-“𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒮𑓂𑒨 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒯𑒲। 𑒨𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒮
𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒋 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲। ”𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒮𑒯𑒲
𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒪𑒪। 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒪 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪। 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒮 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒠
𑒣𑒯𑒳 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒑𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒅𑒢𑒴
𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴।”
𑒩 𑒃𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒋𑒪 𑒂𑒥𑒰
𑒑𑒣𑓂𑒣 𑒞𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒪।- 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒮𑒣𑓂𑒣
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒍𑒞𑒋 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒣𑒯𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒑𑒯𑒲
𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒑 𑒦𑒰 𑒍𑒏 𑒮𑒞𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒨 𑒏 𑒮𑒤𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒂 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳
𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒙𑒱
𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒃(𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒞𑓂𑒢𑒲𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩 𑒙𑒱 )
𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩𑒏 𑒏 𑒐 𑒨 𑒏 𑒠 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒮𑓂𑒧𑒰𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒨 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮𑒑 𑒪
𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒎𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒃𑒮 𑒮𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒂 𑒂𑒠𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒨
𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒏 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒡𑒩 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒙𑒱 𑒮𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 -
𑒒𑒳 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴𑒨 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒥𑒰 𑒏𑒋
𑒩𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒯𑒲 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒏 𑒨𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴𑒋𑒮 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒩
𑒦𑒰 𑒃(𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒞𑓂𑒢𑒲𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩 𑒙𑒱 ) 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒍
𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒮 𑒪𑒮 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒄𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒪 𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒍
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 89

𑒏 𑒐 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒮 𑒖𑒳 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒍 𑒞 𑒏 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰

𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒏𑒋 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒏 𑒨𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪,𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒏𑒙𑒱
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪,𑒮 𑒣 𑒥𑓂𑒪𑒳 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒑 𑒩 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒏
𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒑𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒞𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒃𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒞 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒏 𑒠𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒩𑒖𑒹
𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 ,𑒍 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒢𑒴।𑒏𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲। 𑒍𑒢𑒴
𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒋𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒨 𑒋 𑒃 𑒏𑒙𑒱 𑒬𑓂𑒢𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒞
𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒢𑒴। 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒃𑒪 𑒢𑒴𑒥𑒰𑒩
𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮 𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳 । 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹
𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒋𑒪। 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩
𑒩।
𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑓒𑓐𑓒𑓔 𑒏𑒋 𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒑 𑒃𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴
𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒃𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒂𑒋𑒪।
“ 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒨 𑒏 𑒏 𑒨𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 ?
𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒅𑒞𑓂𑒮�𑒏𑒞 𑒮 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 ।“
“𑒢𑒴𑒍 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒪𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 ।𑒁𑓀𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒑 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪
𑒖𑒹 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒙𑒱 𑒏𑒋 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰।”
𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳, 𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳,𑒙𑒱𑒏 �
𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒋 𑒮𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴।
� 𑒏𑒪 । 𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒍 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒪 𑒏𑒋 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒞 𑒆𑒣𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒋
𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒐 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒂𑒋𑒪। 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒯𑒲
𑒙𑒱 𑒮𑒏 𑒪 𑒥𑒰 𑒠𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏। 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒯𑒲𑒪𑓂𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞
𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒒𑒳 𑒮𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒮𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒮
𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒪𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩
𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒂𑒋𑒪। 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒑𑒣𑓂𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪-
 𑒫𑒱
90 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

“𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 । 𑒞 𑒏 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞

𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒮𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳।”
“𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒏𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒂𑒅। 𑒂𑒢𑒴𑒚𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒋𑒏
𑒚𑒰𑒯𑒲𑒩𑒪 ?𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒩𑒯𑒴। 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒒𑒳𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒮𑒯𑒲 ,𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒑
𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰𑒑𑒣𑓂𑒣,-𑒮𑒣𑓂𑒣 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰।”
“𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒞 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫। 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒑 𑒩 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪
𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒍𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰
𑒁𑓀𑒥𑒰𑒮𑓂𑒮𑒰 𑒂𑒋𑒥𑒰। 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴
𑒪 𑒑𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।”
“𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒏। 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒥𑒰। 𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒑 𑒮
𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒪𑒋 𑒂𑒢𑒴𑒥𑒰।”
𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒃𑒏 𑒂𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒍𑒢𑒴 𑒍 𑒯𑒲 𑒩
𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒎𑒞 𑒦𑒰 𑒃 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟,𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒮𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲। 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒮 𑒪
𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏,𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒞𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏,𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒍 𑒍 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒦𑒰 𑒍
𑒩𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟,𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒒𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒭𑓂𑒙𑒞 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ,𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱
𑒁𑓀𑒦𑒰 𑒦𑒴𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒢𑒴𑒍𑒮 𑒪 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒦𑒰𑒞 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒂𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒑 𑒣𑒩
𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮 𑒪𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒍 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒑 𑒏 𑒮𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵𑒞 𑒣 𑒚𑒰𑒬 𑒪 𑒮
𑒅𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒩 𑒡 𑒏 𑒣𑒩 𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒣 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹
𑒙𑒱𑒏 � -𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒋𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒙𑒱𑒏
𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒢𑒴-
“𑒣𑒖𑒹 𑒤 𑒩𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒪,𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒐 𑒦𑒰 𑒃 𑒏𑒙𑒱�𑒮𑓂𑒧𑒰𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒪।”
𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒄 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒑𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒍𑒯𑒲 𑒮 𑒨𑒖𑒹
𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒮 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒏 𑒮 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒍𑒞𑒋
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 91

𑒥𑒰 𑒍𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒢𑒴। 𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀 𑒮𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒤𑒋𑒠 𑒅𑒚𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒍 𑒑 𑒮

𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒠 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒯𑒲।𑒞𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒖𑒹 𑒍 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒮
𑒣 𑒮 𑒭𑒮 𑒍𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒠 𑒯𑒲𑒪
𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴, 𑒡𑒳𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒍 𑒋𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒞 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴।
𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴𑒍𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒮 𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒏- 𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒡𑒳𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 ,𑒑 𑒃𑒖𑒹𑒞
𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟।
𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒃𑒏 𑒮𑒒𑒳𑒭𑒏 𑒑 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒨𑒠𑓂𑒨𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒣 𑒍
𑒮𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵𑒞 𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟,𑒞𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒙𑒱𑒣 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒏𑒋 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒑𑓂𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒏𑒋
𑒮𑒞 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒑𑓂𑒩 𑒡 𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒔𑓂𑒔𑒰 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒙𑒱 𑒭𑒨 �𑒬𑒢𑒴
𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒄 𑒏 𑒍 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒪𑒯𑒲 𑒮 𑒪 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒢𑒳𑒭 𑒏
𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒪 𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒒𑒳 𑒢𑒴 𑒒𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹
𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒠𑒬 𑒂 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒬 𑒥𑒰𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏। 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴
𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏। 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒞𑒏 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒂 𑒙𑒱 𑒞
𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒍 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒋𑒏 𑒢𑒴
𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒍 𑒭 𑒨 𑒏𑒋 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒥𑒰 𑒞𑒮 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒏𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒍 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒮𑒒𑒳𑒭𑒏
𑒮 𑒨 𑒪। 𑒋𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒞 𑒪। 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒢𑒴
𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪 𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒍 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒏𑒏 𑒏 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞
𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟,𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒃 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒃 𑒞𑒳𑒩𑒞 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰
𑒅𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰𑒞 𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒞𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 � 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒢𑒴। 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒑𑒩
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒮𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒍𑒯𑒲 𑒚𑒰 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒋𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒠𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒮
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒍 𑒮𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵𑒞𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒬𑓂𑒢 𑒣𑒳 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒢𑒴।
𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒃 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒬𑓂𑒢𑒏 𑒅𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒩 𑒮𑒯𑒲 -𑒮𑒯𑒲 𑒠𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒢𑒴। 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩
𑒮𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵𑒞𑒏 𑒖𑓂𑒘𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒂 �𑒙𑒱𑒠𑓂𑒡 𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒮 𑒍 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒦𑒰 𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏
 𑒫𑒱
92 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒃 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒍 𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒃

𑒬𑒳𑒩𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒁𑓀𑒐𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒳 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴
𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒃𑒏 𑒏 𑒏𑒃𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒏
𑒂 𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒃𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴।
𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒃 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒏 𑒦𑒰 𑒋𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏
𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩 𑒡𑒩𑒥𑒰𑒍𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒍 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴-𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒮
𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒁𑓀𑒐𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒳 𑒍 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒋𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒡 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩
𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒣 𑒪𑒢𑒴-𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒭𑒝𑒲 𑒏𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒍 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞
𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒣𑓂𑒞 𑒏𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒋𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒞 𑒮𑒒𑒳𑒭 𑒏𑒋 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴
𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒪𑒙𑒱 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒋𑒏 𑒞
𑒅𑒠 𑒯𑒲𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒃।
𑒢𑒴𑒍 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒪 𑓒𑓐𑓒𑓔 𑒏𑒋 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒯𑒳 𑒪 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒩
𑒍 𑒂𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒣𑒩 𑒂𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒦𑒰 𑒃𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪।
𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒍𑒞𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒴,𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒋𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒚𑒰𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒏
𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒞 𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒏𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏
𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒒𑒳𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒣 𑒚𑒰 𑒏𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒏 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴,𑒂𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒚𑒰 𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴𑒏
𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒒𑒳� 𑒪 𑒏
𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑 𑒋𑒥𑒰,𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒣𑒳 𑒋𑒥𑒰 । 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒥𑒰।
𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒥𑒰𑒮𑓂𑒮𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰। 𑒯𑒲 𑓑𑓒 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒪𑒏 𑒋𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹
𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑𑒮 𑒣𑒮 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒋 𑒙𑒱
𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒃𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒂𑒋𑒪। 𑒍 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒯𑒲-
“𑒯𑒲 𑒮 𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 । 𑒣𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒖𑒹�
𑒪𑒥𑒰।”
“𑒁𑓀𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒏𑒪 । 𑒂𑒃 𑒏𑒞𑒯𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒢𑒴 𑒃
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 93

𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒃𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒍𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒮𑓂𑒫 𑒑𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।”

“𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲। 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒂𑒚𑒰 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴
𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰।”
“𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒏।”
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒂𑒋𑒪। 𑒍 𑒢𑒴𑒍 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴𑒏
𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒁𑓀𑒍𑒞 𑒯𑒲। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒚𑒰 𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒍 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒨 𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒧𑒳𑒠
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒙𑒱 𑒪𑒦𑒰𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒃𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒋𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒩 𑒦𑒰𑒋
𑒂𑒋𑒪 𑒪। 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒠𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒍 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒏
𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒑𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒯𑒳 𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑒒𑒳 𑒑 𑒪। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒩
𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒞 𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒞𑒳𑒩𑒞 𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒮 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒑𑒣𑓂𑒣-𑒮𑒣𑓂𑒣 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞
𑒂𑒡 𑒒𑒳 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒂 𑒮𑒣𑒩 𑒣𑒯𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏
𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒃𑒏 𑒮 𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒏 𑒮𑓂𑒫 𑒑𑒞𑒖𑒹 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒑
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒠𑒳𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒢𑒴,𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒞, 𑒣𑒳𑒞𑒯𑒳,𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 ,𑒣𑒞𑓂𑒢𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒖𑒹
𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒏𑒩 𑒝𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒪। 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒃
𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒒𑒳 𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒮𑓂𑒧𑒰𑒩𑒝𑒲, 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮𑒒𑒳𑒭 𑒑 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒮𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞
𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒏 𑒦𑒰 𑒍 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴
𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒑𑒣𑓂𑒣-𑒮𑒣𑓂𑒣𑒖𑒹 । 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒨 𑒩 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰
𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒣𑒝𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒏 𑒩𑒏
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒂𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲-𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒣 𑒢𑒴-𑒮𑒳𑒣 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏।
𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒪𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒅𑒣𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒬𑒳𑒩𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪।
𑒋𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒐𑒥𑒰 𑒞 � 𑒙𑒱 𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒃𑒏 𑒏𑒳𑒏𑒳𑒩𑒏
𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒝𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒨 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱 𑒪𑒥𑒰 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪
𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏 । 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒍 𑒩𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪। 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪,𑒦𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒠𑒳𑒪 𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪। � 𑒣 𑒣 𑒣 𑒪 𑒪। 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒃 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞-
 𑒫𑒱
94 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒪 𑒩 𑒏𑒋 𑒥𑒰𑒎𑒮𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒐�𑒍𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴।

𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒂𑒋𑒪। 𑒍 𑒋 𑒯𑒲𑒩-𑒍 𑒯𑒲𑒩
𑒒𑒳� 𑒋 𑒪 𑒑𑒪। 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒮 𑒂𑒬𑓂𑒔𑒰𑒨 𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒑𑒪 𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞
𑒏 𑒪 𑒍 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒮 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒑𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒮
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒍 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒢𑓂𑒢𑒯𑒳 𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒨 𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒪। 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞
𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒍 𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒪𑒮 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒑 𑒮 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒏𑒋𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒞𑒏𑒩
𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵 𑒣𑒩 𑒏𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒃𑒏 𑒑 𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒮
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒏𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒍𑒪 𑒏𑒋 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒋𑒥𑒰।
𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒍 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒑 𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒠 𑒏𑒃𑒋
𑒏𑒋 𑒢𑒴𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒋𑒮 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒩𑒏 𑒮𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒖𑒹
𑒙𑒱𑒒𑒳 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒠 𑒃 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠
𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒮 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒑 𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒮 𑒂𑒑 𑒥𑒰 𑒪𑒯𑒳।
𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒃 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒩𑒏 𑒮𑒠𑒮𑓂𑒨𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮𑒑
𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒍𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒮 𑒨 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒏 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒨 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒮𑓂𑒧𑒰𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒨
𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒝𑒲 𑒪। 𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴𑒞𑓂𑒫,𑒮𑓂𑒫 𑒑𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒂𑒞𑒳𑒩𑒞
𑒂 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒏 𑒍 𑒡𑒳𑒨 𑒂𑒖𑒳𑒏 𑒮 𑒨𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒠𑒳𑒪𑒦𑒰 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।
𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒁𑓀𑒞𑓂𑒨𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮𑒢𑓂𑒢𑒞 𑒣 𑒏 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰
𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒮 𑒣𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒋𑒪 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒏 𑒪 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩
𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒁𑓀𑒮𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒃
𑒋𑒏 𑒮𑒤𑒪 𑒮𑒒𑒳𑒭𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒨𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒞𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒅𑒚𑒰 -
𑒣 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐-𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒑 𑒋𑒏 𑒮𑒳𑒠𑒩 𑒂 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒬𑒮𑒢𑒴 𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒚𑒰𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒣𑒩 𑒣𑒯𑒳𑒙𑒱
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟,𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒬𑒮𑒢𑒴 𑒨 𑒅𑒣𑒪𑒫𑓂𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒡 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒣𑓂𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴
𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴,𑒍 𑒯𑒵𑒠𑒨𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒅𑒠 𑒩 𑒂 𑒦𑒰 �𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒄𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩
𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒞𑒞 𑒮𑒳𑒐 𑒂 𑒮𑒣𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒩 𑒐𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒮𑒋𑒯𑒲
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 95

𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒢𑒴 ।
𑒂𑒬 𑒭 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱 𑒩
𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒮 𑒨𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒦𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒋 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒪
𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩
𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒮𑒥𑒰�𑒏𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒮𑓂 𑒏𑒋𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒏 𑒐 𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩 𑒪𑒑𑒏
𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒂𑒬 𑒭 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟-
“𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒮𑒥𑒰�𑒏𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒏� 𑒐 𑒖𑒹 ।”
“𑒂𑒃𑒋 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒯𑒳 𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒏 𑒐 𑒦𑒰𑒑 𑒞 𑒏 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴𑒏
𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒦𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒠𑒬𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒋 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 ।”
“𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮𑒢𑓂𑒢𑒞 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒞। 𑒏𑒞𑒋 𑒩��𑒏𑒪 ।”
“𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰𑒞 𑒮 𑒣 𑒥𑓂𑒪𑒳 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒑𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 ।”
𑒑𑒣𑓂𑒣-𑒮𑒣𑓂𑒣 𑒦𑒰𑒃𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒙𑒱 -𑒏𑒙𑒱 𑒃।
𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒏 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒡𑒞 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒃𑒞 𑒪।
“𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩-𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒣𑒯𑒳𑒖𑒹 𑒞 ।
𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒑𑒣𑓂𑒣 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰।”
𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒣𑒏 𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒍 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒦𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒩 𑒠𑒩𑒦𑒰𑒑
𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒍𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒮 𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒣𑒯𑒳 𑒪 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒯𑒲
𑒣𑒞 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒯𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒞𑓂𑒮𑒋𑒣𑒣𑒩 𑒣𑒚𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒍 𑒞𑒳𑒩𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟-
“𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒮𑓂𑒮𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒩 𑒤 𑒏 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒑𑒨 𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 । 𑒞𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒙𑒱𑒣
𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒅𑒞𑓂𑒮�𑒏 । 𑒏 𑒣𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴
𑒁𑓀 𑒮𑒩 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒂 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒞? ”
“𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒃 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒯𑒲
𑒖𑒹 𑒠𑒯𑒲 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒐 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 -𑒒𑒳 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒐 𑒪 𑒩𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 ।𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒣
𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒣𑒳 ,𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒪 𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।”
“𑒁𑓀 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲 𑒍 𑒯𑒲𑒩𑒮 𑒣𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒅। 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒮 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰
 𑒫𑒱
96 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑒞𑒯𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒏𑒩 । ”
𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒣𑒳 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒪 𑒏
𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱 𑒩 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒪 𑒏𑒋
𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴-𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒨𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒂𑒋𑒪-
“𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒮𑒏𑒞। 𑒏 𑒨 𑒪𑒨𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒏 �
𑒩𑒴𑒩 𑒏 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒙𑒱 𑒍 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰। ”
𑒏 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴? 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒪 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒮
𑒖𑒳 𑒪 𑒙𑒱 𑒭𑒨𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒣𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒖𑒹
𑒮 𑒪𑒮 𑒏𑒋𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒑𑒠 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒏
𑒏𑒋𑒪। 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒬𑓂𑒔𑒰𑒞 𑒩𑒴𑒣𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱 𑒩 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮 𑒪𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒯𑒲
𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒏 𑒡 𑒮 𑒂𑒠𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒨 𑒑𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑓂𑒠𑓂𑒩 𑒚𑒰 𑒏𑒳𑒩 𑒂 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴 𑒩
𑒁𑓀𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒮𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮𑒑 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒯𑒲𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒣𑒝𑒲 𑒏 𑒏𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪
𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒑 𑒪𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒑𑒠 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒖𑒹𑒞
𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒋 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒂𑒠𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒨 𑒑𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑓂𑒠𑓂𑒩 𑒂 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒞 𑒮
𑒖𑒳 𑒪 𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒞𑓂𑒨𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒭𑒨𑒣𑒩,𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒞𑒳 𑒥𑒰 𑒪, 𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒣𑒳𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒏
𑒮𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒢𑒴𑒬 𑒪 𑒂 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰
𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒞। 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲। 𑒍 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒏𑒋 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞
𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒩𑓂𑒟�,𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒂 𑒮 𑒢𑒴𑒬 𑒪 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒩𑓂𑒟�। 𑒂𑒃 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒏𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏। 𑒍𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒡 𑒮 𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒩𑒞𑒩
𑒮𑒣𑒏𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒞 ।

𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒮 𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒏 𑒮 𑒢𑓂𑒫𑒨 𑒮𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒞, 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲

𑓑𑓐 𑓒𑓐𑓒𑓔 𑒏𑒋 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒣𑒩

𑒣𑒮 𑒃𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒂𑒠𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒨 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒡𑒩 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴
𑒂𑒋𑒪। 𑒑𑒣𑓂𑒣-𑒮𑒣𑓂𑒣𑒏 𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 । 𑒍
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 97

𑒞𑒳𑒩𑒞 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟-

“𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒏 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒡𑒩 𑒮 𑒮𑒣𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲?”

𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒮𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒋। 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒏 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒢𑒴

𑒣𑒳𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒐 𑒧𑓂𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒍। 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒮 𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒏 𑒮 𑒢𑓂𑒫𑒨 𑒮𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒞, 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒏
𑒣𑒠𑒣𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒣𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒡 𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒂 𑒋𑒖𑒹 𑒮 𑒭 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒁𑓀𑒐𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒳 𑒣𑒖𑒹 𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒏 𑒮𑒣 𑒠𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲
𑒋𑒏 𑒡 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮 𑒑𑒣𑓂𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒞
𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲। 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒣𑒳 𑒮 𑒒𑒳�𑒙𑒱
𑒂𑒥𑒰 । 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒄 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒏𑒋𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏। 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑓑𑓓,𑓑𑓔
𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒪𑒏 𑒮 𑒨 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒨𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒏
𑒢𑒴𑒞𑒥𑒰 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒠𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒞 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒂 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒞। 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒞𑓂𑒮𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒣𑒩
𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒨𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒞𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒍 𑒞𑒳𑒩𑒞 𑒅𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒖𑒹𑒩
𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴।

𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒪𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒮𑒥𑒰 𑒂𑒚𑒰 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒂𑒮𑒣 𑒮

𑒂𑒠𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒏 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒡𑒩 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒂𑒋𑒪-

“𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒏 𑒨𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ?”

“𑒁𑓀𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒑𑓂𑒩 𑒝𑒲𑒏 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒋𑒥𑒰।

𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒪 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒐 𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰। 𑒏 𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴
𑒐𑒪𑒋 ।”

“𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒑𑓂𑒩 𑒝𑒲𑒏 𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴?”

“𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒞𑓂𑒢𑒲𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩 𑒙𑒱 ”
 𑒫𑒱
98 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

“𑒍 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲?”

“ 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒯𑒲।”𑒂 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒮𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒪𑒪। 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒏 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰

𑒎𑒡𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒍 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒢𑒴। 𑒍𑒋𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲,𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞𑒳
𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒮 𑒃𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒍 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒢𑒴
𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒋। 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 -𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩
𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒙𑒱 𑒪𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 । 𑒄 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏 । 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩
𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒏 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒋𑒪 𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑓑𑓔 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒪𑒏 𑒠𑒳𑒣𑒯𑒲𑒩
𑒥𑒰 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒏 𑒂𑒮𑒣 𑒮 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒏𑒩𑒋 𑒍 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮 𑒣 𑒥𑓂𑒪𑒳
𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒑𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒋𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒢𑒴 𑒑𑒩- 𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒩𑒑𑒩 𑒡𑒳𑒂,𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒩 𑒝𑒲 𑒂
𑒂𑒏𑒭𑒏 𑒙𑒱 । 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒪 𑒑𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒙𑒱 𑒞
𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒚𑒰𑒩 𑒮𑒐 𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒃𑒞
𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒏 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱 𑒑 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒝𑒲𑒞 ।
𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒑 𑒞 ,𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒮𑒩𑓂𑒧𑓂𑒧 𑒢𑒴 𑒂
𑒣𑒳𑒩𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵 𑒩𑒏 𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒣𑒩 𑒭 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒑𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹
𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒌𑒏। 𑒍 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒏
,𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒚𑒰 𑒂 𑒠𑒳𑒡 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒏 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒍𑒏𑒩
𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒠𑒡𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒴𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏।
𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒏 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒨 𑒁𑓀𑒮𑒙𑒱 𑒂𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒮 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹
𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒏। 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒮𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒋 𑒖𑒹 𑒍 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒮
𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪। 𑒂𑒡 𑒒𑒳 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒋 𑒮 𑒨
𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪। 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒏𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏 𑒃𑒞? 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒯𑒲
𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒌𑒏। 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒏 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒪 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒢𑒴-

“𑒣𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒂𑒢𑒴𑒋 𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰𑒑 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪𑒯𑒲 𑒏 ?”

 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 99

𑒍 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪,𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒅𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒠𑒋 𑒮𑒏𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴, 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒐

𑒏𑒋 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒃𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪। 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒭𑒨𑒣𑒩 𑒑𑒣𑓂𑒣-
𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒮𑒣𑓂𑒣 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒏 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒚𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪
𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮 𑒨 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪
𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒑𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒪𑒨𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒂𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒯𑒲
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒏𑒋𑒪 � 𑒏𑒪 𑒪। 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒏 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲
𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒪𑒮 𑒍 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒨 𑒩
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒑-𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱
𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪। 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒏 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒏 𑒨 𑒪𑒨
𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮 𑒑𑒣𑓂𑒣-𑒮𑒣𑓂𑒣𑒖𑒹 𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒂𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒤𑒩 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒏
𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒋। 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲। 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒩
𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒃𑒞- 𑒃𑒞 𑒍 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹
𑒮 𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒏 𑒨 𑒪𑒨𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒮 𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒏 𑒮 𑒢𑓂𑒫𑒨 𑒮𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒞 ,
𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏। 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒠𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒋𑒥𑒰 𑒏
𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ।

𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒂𑒞𑒳𑒩𑒞 𑒮 𑒮 𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒞 𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒏𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪

𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱 𑒮 𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒤 𑒏 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒍 𑒏𑒋 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹
𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒏 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒂 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 -𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒏
𑒤𑒯𑒲𑒩𑒍𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒯𑒲𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒣𑒝𑒲 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏। 𑒮 𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒖𑒹 𑒍 𑒗𑒰𑒿
𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒋𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒣𑒩 𑒋𑒥𑒰 𑒮 𑒣𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒮 𑒣𑓂 𑒃 𑒪𑒑
𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒏 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒏 𑒏 𑒨 𑒪𑒨 𑒣𑒯𑒳 𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒏 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒍𑒞𑒋
𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲। 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒮 𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒏 𑒮 𑒢𑓂𑒫𑒨 𑒮𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒞, 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒞 𑒢𑒴
𑒁𑓀𑒡 𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒂𑒠𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒨 𑒮𑒞𑓂𑒨 𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒨𑒝𑒲 𑒮 𑒯𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒅𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟।
𑒮𑒞𑓂𑒨 𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒨𑒝𑒲 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒑 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒍 𑒣 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒬𑒢𑒴𑒪
 𑒫𑒱
100 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒏𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒥𑒰𑒡𑒏( 𑒋 ) 𑒏 𑒣𑒠𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟।

𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒏 𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒍 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒯𑒲𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒣𑒝𑒲 𑒣𑒠𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒣𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟।
𑒂𑒮 𑒑𑓂𑒩 𑒝𑒲 𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒏𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒡 𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴
𑒮𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒑 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒞𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒬𑓂𑒔𑒰𑒞 𑒩𑒴𑒣𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒦𑒰 𑒑 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒞
𑒪। 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒂𑒚𑒰-𑒠𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒮 𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒏 𑒮 𑒢𑓂𑒫𑒨 𑒮𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒞,
𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒂 𑒦𑒴𑒞𑒣 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒡𑒏 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒨𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒖𑒹
𑒦𑒰 𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒂𑒋𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 । 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒨
𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒪𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒮 𑒮 𑒪𑒣 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒮 𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪। 𑒁𑓀𑒮𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑓑𑓔
𑒮 𑒢𑓂𑒫𑒨 𑒮𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒞, 𑒑𑒳 𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒪। 𑒂𑒃𑒋 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒣𑒢𑒴
𑒮𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒄 𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒮 𑒪। 𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒩 𑒮 𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒮 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹 𑒞
𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒠 𑒩𑒴𑒣𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒩 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏। 𑒮𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒏
𑒑𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒡𑒣𑒩 𑒂𑒠𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒏 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒂 𑒂𑒠𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒨
𑒮𑒞𑓂𑒨𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒨𑒝𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴-𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒩𑒐𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒂𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒖𑒹
𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒍𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒍 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒠𑒳𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒏𑒞 𑒏
𑒣 𑒑 𑒂 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒣𑒙𑓂𑒙 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒏𑒋 𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒏 𑒮𑓂𑒫 𑒑𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒮𑓂𑒧𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲
𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒞𑓂𑒨𑒏 𑒨 𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒏 𑒨𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒴
𑒥𑒰 𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒯𑒲-𑒣 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒒𑒳 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏। 𑒞𑒏𑒩 𑒥𑒰 𑒠
𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 -𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪𑒯𑒳। 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒏 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒩
𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒑𑒯𑒲 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒃𑒞- 𑒃𑒞 𑒏𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟-

“𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒂𑒋𑒥𑒰। 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒅𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒩

𑒩𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 । 𑒂𑒥𑒰𑒋 𑒏 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒮𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪।”

𑒍 𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 । 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹

𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟-
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 101

“𑒯𑒲 𑒠𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 । 𑒏𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒋𑒥𑒰।”

𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒯𑒲𑒥𑒰 𑒃 𑒁𑓀𑒛𑓂𑒛𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒨 𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒧𑒳𑒠

𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒂𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒋𑒪। 𑒏𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒏 𑒪𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒠
𑒍 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑓂𑒢𑒰𑒯𑒲𑒣𑒝𑒲
𑒅𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒧𑓂𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒏𑒋 𑒩𑒐𑒪𑒯𑒳।𑒏𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒣
𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒯𑒳।𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒮 𑒨 𑒮 𑒣𑓂𑒞 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪। 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒠
𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒨 𑒦𑒰𑒋 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪। 𑒁𑓀𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒳,𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒯𑒳।
𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒏 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞
𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒂𑒞𑓂𑒧 𑒨 𑒂 𑒦𑒰 𑒣𑒝𑒲 𑒪 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒩। 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒞
𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒬𑒭𑒞 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 ,𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲
𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴𑒮। 𑒁𑓀𑒞-𑒁𑓀𑒞 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒍 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒏 𑒪𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟।
𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒏 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒣𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒠𑒩 𑒡𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱
𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒣𑒝𑒲 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒦𑒰𑒦𑒴𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲 ,𑒂𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲 । 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒏
𑒮𑒞𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒦𑒰 𑒍 𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒏 𑒄 𑒨 𑒞 𑒏 𑒐 𑒏
𑒁𑓀𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳𑒏𑒣 𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒮𑒤𑒪 𑒂 𑒂𑒢𑒴 𑒠 𑒨𑒏 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪।

𑓒𑓓।𑓐𑓔।𑓒𑓐𑓒𑓔
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𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 103
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𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 105
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𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 107
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𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 111
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 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 117

𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒞 [email protected] 𑒣𑒩 𑒣𑒚𑒰 𑒅।

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𑓒.𑓘.𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒏𑒝𑒲- 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒐 𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒣 -𑓓𑓙

𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒏𑒝𑒲 (𑓑𑓙𑓖𑓐- ), 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒏𑓂𑒭 - 𑒋 . 𑒋., 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒲𑒩- 𑒐𑒩 𑒣𑒳𑒩,

𑒠𑒩𑒦𑒰 , 𑒮 𑒮𑒳𑒩- 𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒙𑒱 𑒨 𑒩 (𑒥𑒰𑒪𑒯𑒲 ), 𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒮- 𑒩 ,
𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒩𑒐𑒝𑓂𑒛। 𑒗𑒰𑒿 𑒩𑒐 𑒮𑒩𑒏 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒋 𑒥𑒰 𑒪 𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒮 𑒮 � 𑒙𑒱 𑒏
𑒮𑒳𑒩𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒙𑒱 𑒦𑒰 𑒑𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒪 𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒮 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒡𑒏 𑒩 𑒣𑒠𑒮
𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒅𑒣𑒩 𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒐𑒢𑒴।
(𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒐 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 - 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒩𑓂𑒑 𑒨 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒢𑓂𑒠𑓂𑒩 𑒏𑒳 𑒩 𑒏𑒝𑒲, 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳 𑒠-
𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒏𑒝𑒲)

𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒐 𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒣 -𑓓𑓙

𑒣 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟

𑒩 𑒣𑒳𑒩𑒴𑒩 𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒣𑒪 𑒨𑒢𑒴 𑒏s 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒂 𑒑𑒪- 𑒑𑒪

𑒦𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒍 । 𑒅 𑒬 𑒮s 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒞 𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒖𑒹�
𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟, 𑒙𑒱 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮s 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒝𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒋𑒏 𑒮 𑒪 𑒥𑒰 𑒠 𑒏𑒳𑒩𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒞𑓂𑒣 𑒖𑒹
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴।
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 119

𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒂𑒑

𑒮 𑒨𑒏 𑒣𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒤 𑒤 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒅𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒩 𑒏

𑒅𑒢𑓂𑒧𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒳𑒡 𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒪 , 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒞
𑒡 𑒖𑒹𑒩-𑒡 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒙𑒱 । 𑒋𑒧𑓂𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒍 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹�𑒩
𑒂𑒞𑓂𑒧𑒒𑒳 𑒞 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒋𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒍
𑒋𑒏 𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒆 𑒙𑒱𑒬𑒐𑒩 𑒣𑒩 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒂 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒆𑒣𑒩 𑒮s 𑒍
𑒪 𑒑 𑒪𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒂𑒬𑓂𑒔𑒰𑒨 𑒍 𑒋𑒏 𑒐𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱 𑒬 𑒪 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒖𑒹
𑒐𑒙𑒱𑒮 𑒣 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒍 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒑𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒪𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞
𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪। 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒐𑒮 𑒏 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴
𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒏𑒪 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣 𑒪𑒙𑒱 , 𑒍 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟।
𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒏 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒑 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒍 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒦𑒰s 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏
𑒖𑒹 𑒞𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒨𑒪𑒙𑒱 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒏 𑒞 𑒣𑒩 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒍 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞
𑒠𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒐𑒞 𑒦𑒰𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒯𑒵𑒠𑒨 𑒖𑒹 𑒞𑓂𑒨� 𑒖𑒹𑒏 � 𑒢𑒴𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒩 𑒣𑒳𑒢𑒴 𑒑𑒞
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒙𑒱 । 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒍 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒏 𑒑𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒄 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒂 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑓂𑒟-
𑒖𑒹𑒣𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒭𑓂𑒏𑓂𑒩𑒱𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟,𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒙𑒱 𑒡𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒥𑒰�𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒪𑒏 ! 𑒠 𑒏 𑒞 𑒫𑓂𑒩
𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒯𑒲 𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒂 𑒣𑒳𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒩 𑒣𑒩 𑒣𑒯𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒯𑒲 |
𑒋𑒏-𑒠 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒍 𑒞𑓂𑒨� 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒏𑒩 𑒏 𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒮
𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟,𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒞𑓂𑒨� 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒪𑒑 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒮𑒏𑒪। 𑒅 𑒬 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒯𑒲
𑒖𑒹 𑒍 𑒥𑒰𑒨 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒪 𑒯𑒲, 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒙𑒱 𑒡𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑓂𑒫𑒰 𑒪
𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱 𑒠𑒑𑓂𑒡 𑒏s 𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒩 𑒐s 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒪। 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒍 𑒙𑒱 𑒞
𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟, 𑒅 𑒬 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱 𑒠𑒑𑓂𑒡 𑒍 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟, 𑒅 𑒬 𑒏
𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒏 𑒮𑓂𑒧𑒰𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩𑒞 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹 𑒃𑒞 𑒍 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴
𑒞 𑒞 𑒏s 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 - 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒣𑓂𑒞 𑒮𑒢𑒴!
𑒮 𑒨 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒞 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒂 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒑𑒪 𑒮 𑒪𑒏 𑒍 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒝𑒲
 𑒫𑒱
120 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒏𑒳𑒩𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒖𑒹 𑒅 𑒬 𑒮 s 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰

𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒄 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒝𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒪 ! 𑒑𑒑𑒢𑒴 𑒪𑒮 s
𑒖𑒹 𑒞𑓂𑒮𑓂𑒢𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒩 𑒣 𑒨𑒭 𑒣𑒟𑓂𑒫𑒲 𑒏 𑒂 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒏s 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪
𑒪 । 𑒢𑒴 𑒠 -𑒮𑒩𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒞 𑒏 𑒍 𑒮𑒑 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰𑒪 𑒙𑒱 𑒬 𑒪 𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒩𑒴𑒣 𑒡𑒨𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴
𑒪। 𑒠𑒵𑒙𑒱𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒮 𑒣𑒨𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒞𑒳𑒪 𑒦𑒰 𑒩!
𑒠 𑒮s 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮𑓂𑒤� 𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒏 𑒪 𑒣𑒩 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒨
𑒩 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒬 𑒪 𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑒏 𑒦𑓂𑒩𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒳𑒞 𑒏s 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒪।
𑒞 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏, 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒬 𑒞𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲
𑒠 𑒑𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒞 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲-𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒏s 𑒍𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒏 𑒩 𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮𑒪 𑒣𑒳𑒩𑒴𑒩 𑒏
𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒃𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒂 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮𑒧𑓂𑒣𑒰𑒝𑒲 𑒬𑒩 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒯𑒲𑒩𑒢𑒴 𑒮 s
𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒃𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒙𑒱 । 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒩 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒡 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒪𑒙𑒱 । 𑒍 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒞 𑒩𑒝𑒲! 𑒂 𑒞 𑒩𑒝𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒑 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒨 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏
𑒙𑒱 𑒮𑓂𑒧𑒰𑒞 𑒏s � 𑒏𑒪 𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒍 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒏𑓂𑒭
𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒪 𑒯𑒲।𑒙𑒱 𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒞 𑒞 𑒅𑒖𑓂𑒖𑓂𑒫𑒪 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴, 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒞 𑒢𑒴
𑒣𑒝𑒲𑒞 𑒁𑓀 𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒪 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴। 𑒍 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒭 𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒮𑓂𑒞
𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒳𑒏 𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴
𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒡𑒏 𑒩 𑒦𑒰𑒩𑒪 𑒩𑓂𑒑 𑒁𑓀𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒏𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑓂𑒨 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒞
𑒣𑒩 𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩 - 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒏s 𑒦𑒰𑒮𑓂𑒧𑒰 𑒦𑒴𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒄 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒐
𑒖𑒹 ! 𑒖𑒹𑒨𑒯𑒲 𑒞s 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒭 !
𑒁𑓀𑒞 𑒞 𑒋𑒏 𑒣𑒩 𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒮𑒧𑓂𑒩𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒩𑒴𑒣 𑒖𑒹 𑒃𑒙𑒱𑒞𑒯𑒲 𑒮 𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒝𑒲 𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒩 𑒖𑒹
𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒞 𑒦𑒰𑒨 � 𑒏𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴! 𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒅 𑒬 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒑 𑒁𑓀 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 -𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒟
𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 - 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴- 𑒢𑒴𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒞𑓂𑒨𑒏 𑒩𑓂𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒩
𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏! 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒭 ! 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒞: 𑒍 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒡𑒏 𑒩 𑒨 𑒢𑒴
𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒏𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒨 𑒯𑒲 𑒑𑒳𑒤 𑒖𑒹 𑒡𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞𑒳 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒋 𑒞𑒳𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒏
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 121

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𑒣𑒳𑒩𑒴𑒩 𑒮𑒑 𑒏 𑒏 𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒮𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒨𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒥𑒰 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒅 𑒬
𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒏𑓂𑒣 �𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒑𑓂𑒝𑒰𑒝𑒲 𑒪 𑒯𑒲। 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒁𑓀 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒩 𑒪
𑒦𑒴𑒏𑒣 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒮𑒠𑒵𑒬 𑒡𑓂𑒫𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒦𑒰s 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒙𑒱 ।
𑒯𑒲𑒚𑒰 𑒞𑓂𑒣 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒠𑒵𑒙𑒱𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒋𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒂𑒏𑒵𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒠𑓂𑒩
𑒦𑒰s 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒪𑒙𑒱 । 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒵𑒠𑒨 𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀 𑒖𑒹 𑒅𑒣𑒙𑒱 𑒂𑒨𑒪 𑒏𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒠𑒵𑒬𑓂𑒨
𑒙𑒱 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒬 𑒦𑒴𑒞 𑒦𑒰𑒨 𑒍 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟।
𑒏𑒩 𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱 𑒭 𑒁𑓀𑒡𑒏 𑒩 𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒨 𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒞𑓂𑒨� 𑒏 𑒦𑒰𑒨
𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏 । 𑒣𑒳𑒩𑒴𑒩 𑒞s 𑒋𑒏 𑒬𑒩 𑒩 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 ! 𑒋𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴
𑒬𑒩 𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒞𑓂𑒧 𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ! 𑒬 ! 𑒯𑒲! 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒬𑒩 𑒩
𑒪𑒡𑒩 𑒞𑒪 𑒣𑒩! 𑒖𑒹 𑒂𑒞𑓂𑒧 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒬𑒩 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒳 𑒩𑒴 𑒩𑒴𑒣 𑒮s 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒞
𑒪 𑒂 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒮s, 𑒖𑒹 𑒡 𑒮s 𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒏-𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒑𑒞 𑒢𑒴
𑒏𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒪! 𑒍 𑒞s 𑒅 𑒬 𑒏 𑒮𑒑 𑒑 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒏 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒩𑓂𑒑 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒬 𑒖𑒹
!
𑒅 𑒬 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒍 𑒤� 𑒮𑒤� 𑒮 𑒯𑒲 𑒦𑒰𑒩𑒪 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒧𑒳𑒐
𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒁𑓀𑒮𑓂𑒣𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒮𑒢𑒴 𑒡𑓂𑒫𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒞 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒬𑓂𑒔𑒰𑒪
𑒢𑒴 𑒬𑒩 𑒩 𑒅𑒖𑒹𑒚𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒞 𑒣𑒩 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 l 𑒡 𑒢𑒴 𑒮s 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒍𑒏𑒩
𑒍 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 !
"𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒩! 𑒄 𑒞 𑒋𑒏 𑒏𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒳𑒠𑒩 𑒨� 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 ......"
𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒞 𑒦𑒰𑒨 𑒣𑒳𑒩𑒴𑒩 𑒡 𑒢𑒴 𑒮s 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒧𑒳𑒐 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐s 𑒪𑒑𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒍 𑒋𑒏
𑒮𑒳 𑒩 𑒨� 𑒞 𑒪 𑒯𑒲, 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒮𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰�𑒖𑒹𑒗𑒰𑒿𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴, 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒄 𑒮𑓂𑒣𑒭𑓂𑒙 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒄 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒠
𑒮𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒩𑒲 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒪 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 - 𑒋𑒏 𑒅 𑒬 𑒙𑒱 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩
𑒯𑒵𑒠𑒨 𑒖𑒹 𑒋𑒐𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒳 𑒁𑓀𑒣 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴, 𑒂 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒮𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒡
𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒣𑒳𑒩𑒴𑒩 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒣𑓂𑒞 𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒮 𑒏𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 -𑒠 𑒢𑒴
 𑒫𑒱
122 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒬 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒣𑒳 ! 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒞 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒮𑒢𑒴 𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴!

𑒯𑒲s ....𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲... 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲... 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲....𑒞... 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 ... 𑒄.... 𑒨� 𑒞 ... 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒍 𑒙𑒱 𑒞
𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲? 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑓂𑒘𑒰 𑒮 𑒬 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒮s 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒮𑓂𑒣𑒬
𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒮𑓂𑒣𑒬 𑒮s 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒮𑓂𑒣𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳𑒦𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴,𑒁𑓀𑒖𑒹𑒩! 𑒄
𑒋𑒐𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒳 𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 ! 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒍 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒂𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟। 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴
𑒋𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒮𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒡s 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴! 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒳𑒠𑒩 𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒝𑒲𑒩 �𑒭
𑒏𑒩 𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒮 𑒍 𑒏𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒁𑓀𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲! 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒝𑒲𑒩𑒏𑓂𑒭
𑒏𑒩 !𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒍 𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒩 𑒮s 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒪 𑒣 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒩𑓂𑒦𑒧 𑒏𑒩𑒨 𑒪 𑒑𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒏
𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒨𑒞!
𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲-𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲! 𑒄 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ! 𑒖𑒹 𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒳 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒪𑒑 𑒥𑒰 𑒪 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 , 𑒍 𑒏𑒞𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒮 𑒏𑒩 𑒮s 𑒏 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒠s 𑒮𑒏 𑒞
𑒙𑒱 𑒨𑒙𑒱 ! 𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑓂𑒦𑒧 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒨𑒞 𑒄! 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲! 𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰 𑒋𑒥𑒰!
𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒏! 𑒧𑒳𑒠 s 𑒏𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒥𑒰 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 ,
𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒋𑒏 𑒢𑒳𑒏𑓂𑒐𑒰𑒏 𑒩𑒴𑒣𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒮 𑒁𑓀 𑒬𑓂𑒨 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏
𑒯𑒲 - 𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒏 ! 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮s 𑒠𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪
𑒙𑒱 ,𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒪𑒑 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒴𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒮 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒯𑒲 ! 𑒯𑒲s 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒞𑒢𑒴
𑒂𑒣𑒮 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒴𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒮 𑒏𑒩𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒯𑒲 ! 𑒄 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒙𑒱 𑒣𑒳𑒩𑒴𑒩 𑒍𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲
𑒨� 𑒞 𑒏 𑒤𑒪𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒩 𑒮s 𑒠𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒪𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 । 𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒩
𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒩𑒞𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴 𑒏-𑒧𑒳𑒯𑒲 𑒮 s 𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒁𑓀 𑒖𑒹 𑒞 𑒤𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪।
𑒏𑓂𑒩 𑒬

𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒞 [email protected] 𑒣𑒩
𑒣𑒚𑒰 𑒅।
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 123

𑓓.𑒣𑒠𑓂𑒨𑒰

𑓓.𑓑.𑒧𑒳𑒢𑓂𑒢 - 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒏
𑓓.𑓒.𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒬 𑒩 𑒙𑒱 -𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒏 𑒡 𑒩
𑓓.𑓓.𑒂 𑒨 𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒪-𑒁𑓀 𑒩 𑒮 𑒞 / 𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑓂𑒟/ 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒪 𑒢𑒴
𑓓.𑓔. . 𑒙𑒱 𑒨 𑒅𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴 𑒤𑒩 - 𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞 𑒪 𑒯𑒲
 𑒫𑒱
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𑓓.𑓑.𑒧𑒳𑒢𑓂𑒢 - 𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒏
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 125

𑒧𑒳𑒢𑓂𑒢

𑒙𑒱𑒏 � 𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒏
𑓑
𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒩𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒏
𑒥𑒰 𑒅 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪
𑒢𑒴 𑒍 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒞

𑓒
𑒏 𑒏𑒩𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴
𑒅𑒣𑒯𑒲 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒲 𑒩
𑒦𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒑 𑒨𑒞

𑓓
𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒏𑓂𑒩𑒨 𑒩𑒯𑒴
𑒮𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒮𑒳𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴
 𑒫𑒱
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𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑒩𑒴

𑓔
𑒙𑒱 𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒏 𑒥𑒰 𑒞
𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒪𑒐
𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴

𑓕
𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒖𑒹
𑒯𑒳𑒁𑓀𑒋 𑒮𑒥𑒰 𑒏
𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮𑒢𑓂𑒢𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒅

(𑒁𑓀𑒢𑓂𑒞𑒰𑒩 𑒩 𑒭𑓂𑒙𑓂𑒩 𑒨 𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒏𑒳 𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒮 𑒣𑒩 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒳𑒞।)

𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒞 editorial. �[email protected] 𑒣𑒩

𑒣𑒚𑒰 𑒅।
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 127

𑓓.𑓒.𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒬 𑒩 𑒙𑒱 -𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒏 𑒡 𑒩

𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒬 𑒩 𑒙𑒱

𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒏 𑒡 𑒩

𑒆𑒣𑒩 𑒮 𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒐𑒮𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒏,

𑒞 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒅𑒞𑓂𑒮 𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒖𑒹 ?
𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒃𑒋 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒑𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒍
𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒅𑒞 𑒯𑒳𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒪 𑒮𑒠 𑒖𑒹 ।

𑒣 𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒩 𑒮 𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒞, 𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒤 𑒖𑒹 𑒞,

𑒢𑒴 𑒣 𑒋𑒪 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒙𑒱𑒪 ,
 𑒫𑒱
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𑒠𑒳𑒢𑒳 𑒏 𑒞 𑒮 𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒑 -𑒣 𑒞,
𑒑𑒞𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒢𑒳𑒩 𑒑 𑒖𑒹 𑒂 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒪 ।

𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒬, 𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒣 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒪 ,

𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱 𑒮𑒧𑒳𑒠𑓂𑒩𑒏,
𑒙𑒱 𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒖𑒹 𑒯𑒲 𑒋𑒪, 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒎𑒢𑒴 𑒋𑒪,
𑒮𑒳𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒞 𑒥𑒰 𑒞 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱 𑒏।

𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 , 𑒅𑒢𑓂𑒧 𑒠𑒏 𑒩𑒮 𑒍,
𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 -𑒙𑒱𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒠- 𑒞𑒪,
𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒲𑒩 𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒞 𑒒𑒳𑒩 𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒞 ,
𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒣 𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒥𑒰 𑒞𑒪।

𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒢𑒴-𑒣𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒣𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒲𑒏 𑒑 𑒞,
𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒧𑓂𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 -𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒧𑓂𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒑 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒥𑒰𑒮 𑒞,
𑒮𑒳𑒩-𑒖𑒹 -𑒮𑒳𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱 𑒪 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪,
𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 -𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒑 𑒏 𑒣 𑒞।

𑒁𑓀 𑒏𑒪 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 , 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒦𑒰 𑒏𑒪 𑒏𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒯𑒳,

𑒪𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒞𑒩𑒙𑒱 𑒝𑒲 ,
𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒞𑒵𑒭𑓂𑒝 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒩𑒙𑒱𑒣 𑒞,
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒂𑒑 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒮𑒙𑒱𑒑 𑒢𑒴 ।

𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒴-𑒢𑒴𑒯𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 𑒃𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒙𑒱𑒪 ,

 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 129

𑒣𑒯𑒳 𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒡𑒩 𑒞𑒪 𑒣𑒩,

𑒨𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒩𑓂𑒟-𑒩𑒴𑒣 𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒪 𑒐𑒢𑒴 ,𑒞
𑒅𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒩𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒨 𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒂𑒋𑒪 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒣𑒩।

𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒮 𑒂𑒋𑒙𑒱𑒪 𑒥𑒰𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒠 𑒮,

𑒅𑒖𑒹𑒠 -𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒏𑓂 𑒩 , 𑒑 -𑒢𑒴𑒑𑒩,
𑒑𑒩 𑒥𑒰 , 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒩 , 𑒙𑒱𑒣 𑒂𑒮 ,𑒣 ,
𑒙𑒱 𑒢𑒴𑒑 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒮𑒪 𑒮 𑒮𑓂𑒨 𑒁𑓀𑒯𑒲𑒑𑒩।

𑒙𑒱 𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒚𑒰 𑒪𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒏 𑒮𑒳𑒏𑒢𑒴,

𑒒𑒳𑒙𑒱 𑒂𑒩𑒏 𑒧𑒳𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹 𑒤𑒮𑒪 𑒯𑒲𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒝𑒲𑒏 𑒓𑒏 𑒐𑒢𑒴।

𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒏 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒞 𑒭𑓂𑒏 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒄 𑒥𑒰 𑒞,

𑒣 𑒍𑒪 𑒣𑒬𑒳-𑒖𑒹𑒑 𑒞 , 𑒏 𑒩 -𑒏𑒩𑒏 ,
𑒞𑒏𑒏 𑒙𑒱 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 -𑒏𑒳𑒦𑒰,
𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪 𑒂' 𑒙𑒱𑒣 𑒂𑒮𑒪 𑒏 ।

𑒞 𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒏 𑒬𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒠,𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒏𑓂 𑒩 𑒏 𑒮 𑒨𑒩𑒢𑒴,

𑒂' 𑒮𑒳𑒐𑒪 𑒑𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒐𑒞,
𑒣 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒧𑒳𑒠 𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒏 ,
𑒅𑒣𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒑𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴-𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒞।

𑒍 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹 𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒂𑒩 𑒖𑒹 ,

𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒋𑒏 𑒞' 𑒮𑒧𑒳𑒠𑓂𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒂𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰 𑒠𑒩,
𑒅 𑒑,𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒨 𑒞𑓂𑒫 ,𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒝𑒲-𑒣𑒠,
 𑒫𑒱
130 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒙𑒱 𑒢𑒴𑒑 𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒩𑒳𑒠 𑒍𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣𑒩।

𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒞 [email protected] 𑒣𑒩 𑒣𑒚𑒰 𑒅।

𑓓.𑓓.𑒂 𑒨 𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒪-𑒁𑓀 𑒩 𑒮 𑒞 / 𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑓂𑒟/ 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒪 𑒢𑒴

𑒂 𑒨𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒪

𑒁𑓀 𑒩 𑒮 𑒞 / 𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑓂𑒟/ 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒪 𑒢𑒴

𑓑.
𑒁𑓀 𑒩 𑒮 𑒞
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 131

𑒯𑒲 𑒦𑒴𑒙𑒱 𑒮𑒞।
𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮 𑒞 ।
𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒠𑒢𑒴 𑒮 𑒞 ।
𑒩 𑒠𑒳𑒪 𑒩 𑒮 𑒞 ।
𑒖𑒹 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒮 𑒞 ।
𑒮 𑒞 𑒑𑒳 𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒞।
𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒮𑒞।
𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒯𑒲 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒅𑒖𑒹𑒚𑒰𑒪 𑒡𑒢𑒳 𑒮 𑒞 ।
𑒩 𑒪 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒨𑒥𑒰𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪 𑒮 𑒞 ।
𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪𑒯𑒳 𑒩 𑒮𑒑 𑒮 𑒞 ।
𑒩𑒩 𑒮𑒑 𑒩 𑒮𑒞।
𑒮𑒞𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒏 𑒮 𑒞 ।
𑒪𑒏𑓂𑒭𑓂𑒧𑒝𑒲 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒩𑒐 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒩 𑒮𑒞।
𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒝𑒲 𑒪𑒖𑒹 𑒁𑓀 𑒩 𑒮 𑒞 ।
𑒮𑒞 𑒞𑓂𑒫 𑒣𑒩 𑒏𑓂𑒭 𑒖𑒹𑒠 𑒁𑓀 𑒩 𑒮 𑒞 ।
𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒮𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒁𑓀 𑒩 𑒮 𑒞 ।
𑒩 𑒮 𑒞 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴𑒪 𑒁𑓀 𑒩 𑒮 𑒞 ।
𑒂𑒃𑒍 𑒠 𑒑𑒪 𑒃 𑒁𑓀 𑒮 𑒞 ।
𑒩 𑒂𑒃𑒍 𑒥𑒰𑒢𑒴𑒨 𑒁𑓀 𑒩 𑒮 𑒞 ।

𑓒.
 𑒫𑒱
132 || 𑒫𑒱(since 2000) ISSN 2229-547X VIDEHA (since 2004) www.videha.co.in

𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑓂𑒟

𑒯𑒲 𑒬 𑒮𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒩𑒲 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒥𑒰�𑒖𑒹𑒗𑒰𑒿 ।

𑒯𑒲 𑒮𑒞 𑒃𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰�𑒖𑒹𑒗𑒰𑒿 ।
𑒯𑒲 𑒬 𑒮𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒩𑒲 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒥𑒰�𑒖𑒹𑒗𑒰𑒿 ।
𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒃 𑒥𑒰�𑒖𑒹𑒗𑒰𑒿 ।
𑒯𑒲 𑒬 𑒮𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒩𑒲 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒥𑒰�𑒖𑒹𑒗𑒰𑒿 ।
𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒖𑓂𑒖𑒏 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒑𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒐 𑒖𑒹 ।
𑒯𑒲 𑒬 𑒮𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒩𑒲 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒥𑒰�𑒖𑒹𑒗𑒰𑒿 ।
𑒯𑒲 𑒥𑒰 𑒦𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒬 𑒪𑓂𑒯𑒰𑒯𑒲𑒏𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒩𑓂𑒧𑓂𑒧 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒐 𑒖𑒹 ।
𑒯𑒲 𑒬 𑒮𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒩𑒲 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒥𑒰�𑒖𑒹𑒗𑒰𑒿 ।
𑒯𑒲 𑒬𑒥𑓂𑒠 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒏𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲 ।
𑒯𑒲 𑒬 𑒮𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒩𑒲 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒦𑒰 𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒥𑒰�𑒖𑒹𑒗𑒰𑒿 ।

𑓓.
𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒪 𑒢𑒴

𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒨 𑒄𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩
𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒦𑒰𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒝𑒲 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒨।
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 133

𑒮𑒳𑒑𑓂𑒑𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒂
𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒦𑒰𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒩𑒳𑒣 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒨।

𑒑 𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒏𑒩
𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒦𑒰𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒩𑒳𑒣 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒨।

𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱 𑒨
𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒦𑒰𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒩𑒳𑒣 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒨।

𑒪 𑒩 𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒦𑒰 𑒩
𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱𑒦𑒰𑒢𑓂𑒢 𑒩𑒳𑒣 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒨।

𑒮𑒳𑒑𑓂𑒑𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒂
𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒨।

𑒑 𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒮 𑒥𑒰𑒏𑒩
𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒨

𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒙𑒱 𑒙𑒱 𑒨
𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒨।

𑒪 𑒩 𑒩𑓂𑒟𑒪 𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒦𑒰 𑒩
𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒨।

𑒥𑒰 𑒦𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒙𑒱 𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒪𑒏𑒢𑒴

 𑒫𑒱
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𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒣𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒨।

𑒥𑒰 𑒦𑒰𑒢𑒴 𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒙𑒱 𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒮 𑒪𑒏𑒢𑒴

𑒖𑒹𑒠𑒐𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒢𑒴 𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒨 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒨।

𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒨 𑒄𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩
𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒪 𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴𑒖𑒹𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒨।

𑒩 𑒢𑒴 𑒏 𑒩-𑒂 𑒨 𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒠 𑒪 , 𑒮𑒞 ।
𑒖𑒹 -9973641075.

𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒞 [email protected] 𑒣𑒩 𑒣𑒚𑒰 𑒅।

 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 135

𑓓.𑓔. . 𑒙𑒱 𑒨 𑒅𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴 𑒤𑒩 - 𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞 𑒪 𑒯𑒲

 𑒫𑒱
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. 𑒙𑒱 𑒨 𑒅𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴 𑒤𑒩
𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞 𑒪 𑒯𑒲

𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞 𑒠𑒳𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴𑒨 𑒖𑒹 𑒪 𑒯𑒲

𑒖𑒹𑒞 𑒯𑒲 𑒩 𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒣 𑒪
𑒏𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒖𑒹𑒨 𑒮 𑒨 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒪
𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲𑒮 𑒯𑒲 𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒣𑒪𑒑𑒏 𑒏 𑒞𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒥𑒰𑒙𑒱𑒮 𑒮𑒏𑒥𑒰
𑒯𑒳𑒢𑒴𑒏𑒩 𑒠𑒳𑒐 𑒂
𑒮𑒳𑒐 𑒙𑒱𑒢𑒴 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞....
𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞 𑒂𑒃 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟 𑒖𑒹𑒞
𑒦𑒰 𑒅 𑒙𑒱 𑒩𑒯𑒲𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱
𑒂𑒙𑒱𑒐 𑒖𑒹 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴 𑒩 𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒮𑒖𑒹𑒏𑒞
𑒖𑒹𑒤𑒮𑒥𑒰�𑒏 𑒣𑒩 𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒳𑒞 𑒩 𑒮 𑒏𑒙𑒱 𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒮𑓂 𑒏𑒨𑒪 𑒖𑒹𑒑𑒪 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱
𑒋𑒖𑒹𑒞𑒏 𑒣 𑒃 𑒁𑓀𑒙𑒱𑒞 𑒮𑒮𑓂𑒏𑒵 𑒩𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒐 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪
𑒙𑒱𑒏 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹��𑒏 𑒞𑒏
𑒙𑒱𑒣𑒞 𑒖𑒹𑒏 𑒢𑒴 𑒥𑒰 𑒏 𑒖𑒹𑒪𑒪
𑒢𑒴𑒙𑒱𑒯𑒲 𑒖𑒹𑒦𑒰𑒪 𑒪...
𑒮 𑒥𑒰 𑒖𑒹 𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒢𑒳𑒐 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒢𑒴
𑒩𑒖𑒹𑒯𑒲𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟
𑒞𑒐𑒢𑒴 𑒍𑒏𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒣𑓂𑒩 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒃𑒞 𑒖𑒹 𑒏
𑒖𑒹 𑒢𑒴 𑒙𑒱𑒩 𑒃𑒞 𑒙𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒟
𑒥𑒰𑒞 𑒯𑒵𑒠𑒨 𑒮 𑒖𑒹𑒬 𑒏 𑒂 𑒮𑒖𑒹 𑒠𑒢𑒴 ...
 𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱(𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓𑒫𑒱𑒫𑒱𑓓)|| 137

- . 𑒙𑒱 𑒨 𑒅𑒩 𑒩𑒯𑒲 𑒢𑒴 𑒤𑒩 , 𑒑𑓂𑒩 𑒖𑒹𑒣 𑒮𑓂 𑒤, 𑒨 -𑒁𑓀𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒰 ,

𑒙𑒱 𑒪 𑒢𑒴 𑒪𑒠 𑒙𑒱𑒥𑒰𑒯𑒲 𑒩 803107, 𑒖𑒹 𑒥𑒰 𑒃𑒪 𑒢𑒴 9934847941

𑒁𑓀𑒣𑒢𑒴 𑒞 [email protected] 𑒣𑒩 𑒣𑒚𑒰 𑒅।