DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
Name: AHMAR ARSHAD
Registration Number: FA19-BEE-106
TITLE: LAB REPORT 7
Instructor’s Name: MIAN AHMAD YASSER
LAB # 8: To manipulate Sampling and reconstruction of
continuous time signals, different Sampling and Interpolation
techniques using MATLAB and SIMULINK
Objectives:
To construct and sketch analog signal from digital signal
To construct and sketch the effect of different interpolation schemes
Requirements:
Software:
MATLAB
Methodology:
The reconstruction of signaling for analog signals for bandwidth
signaling was discussed in this lab.
We handle digital to analog conversion during the reconstruction
process.
In this procedure, a decoder then reconstruction filter passes the received
digital signal to acquire the retrieved analog signal.
Zero-order hold, linear interpolation and ideal interpolation might be
employed using three distinct ways.
The optimum outcome is a smooth curve, with ideal interpolation.
I received an analog signal in the first lab task I sampled and quantified
the signal at 16 levels using MATLAB SIMULINK.
I subsequently encoded the binary signal.
At the receiving end, I decoded the signal and reconstructed the signal
and displayed the results.
I implemented linear diameter and cubic diameter interpolation in
MATLAB code for my second challenge.
I compared the two techniques of reconstruction.
I have sampled the signal supplied and have quantized and encoded the
8-bit signal.
Then, with the two ways I decoded and recreated and compared the
signal.
Results and Conclusion:
I learnt about digital ADC analogue and DAC analog conversion in this
workshop. I have succeeded in sampling, quantifying, encoding, decoding and
reconstruction of the signal supplied. As a result, I learned that interpolation of
the cubic spline produces better results than interpolation of the linear spline. I
learnt to utilize the commands Interp1 and Spline.
Lab Task:
Task 1:
Solution:
clc;
clear all;
close all;
f = input('Enter the frequency of signal = '); % f - The frequency of analog sinosoid signal
F = input('Enter the sampling frequency = '); % F - Sampling Rate
A = input('Enter max amplitude of signal = '); % A - Amplitude of sinusoid signal
qbits = input('Enter the number of quantization bits = '); % qbits - Number of Quantizations
bits
fc = input('Enter the lowpass filter cutoff frequency = ');
L = 2^qbits; % L - Number of quantization levels based on qbits
I = 2*A/(L-1); % I - Quantization Interval
% Settings for Spectrum Scope
span = 8*F; % span - x-axis range of frequency plot 1 & 3 (spectrum scope 1 & 3)
span1 = 8*F; % span1 - x-axis range of frequency plot 2 (spectrum scope 2)
NFFT = 256;
% To run simulink model
t = 1/f;
sim_time = 10*t; % sim_time - Simultaion Time
sim('sampling15.slx') ;
spectrum original signal spectrum reconstructed signal
TASK 2:
clc
clear all
close all
t=0:0.001:1
fm=10
fs=1000
N=8
L=2.^N
%message signals
x=sin(2*pi*fm*t)
figure
subplot 211
plot(t,x)
title('message signal')
xlabel('time')
ylabel('amplitude')
%pulse traain
d=0:1/50:1
y=pulstran(t,d,'rectpuls',0.001) %Use the pulstran function to generate a train of custom
pulses. The train is sampled at 2 kHz for 1.2 seconds
subplot 212
plot(t,y)
title('pulse train')
xlabel('time')
ylabel('amplitude')
%sampling
z=x.*y
figure
subplot 211
plot(t,z)
title('sampled signal')
xlabel('time')
ylabel('amplitude')
%quantization
D=[max(x)-min(x)]/(L-1)
xq=quant(x,D)
subplot 212
plot(t,xq)
title('quantized signal')
xlabel('time')
ylabel('amplitude')
%encoder
H_e=dsp.UniformEncoder(max(xq),N) %Encoding is the process of using various patterns
of voltage or current levels to represent 1s and 0s of the digital signals on the transmission
link.
encoder=step(H_e,xq)
figure
subplot 211
plot(t,encoder)
title('encoded signal')
xlabel('time')
ylabel('amplitude')
%decoder
H_d=dsp.UniformDecoder(max(xq),N) %The decode function aims to recover messages that
were encoded using an error-correction coding technique.
decoder=step(H_d,encoder)
subplot 212
plot(t,decoder)
title('decoded sig')
xlabel('time')
ylabel('amplitude')
%interpolation
time=0:1/(2*fs):5
interpolation=interp1(t,decoder,time) %Interpolation is a technique for adding new data
points within a range of a set of known data points.
figure
subplot 211
plot(time,interpolation)
title('interpolation')
%SC interpolation This MATLAB function returns a vector of interpolated values s
corresponding to the query points in xq.
subplot 212
xx=0:0.001:1
sc=spline(t,x,xx)
plot(t,sc)
title('spline interpolation')
