Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Inventive Computation Technologies [ICICT 2021]

IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP21F70-ART; ISBN: 978-1-7281-8501-9

IoT based Smart Cradle for Baby Monitoring

System

N Lakshman Pratap K Anuroop, P Nirmala Devi, Sunanda Nalajala

2021 6th International Conference on Inventive Computation Technologies (ICICT) | 978-1-7281-8501-9/21/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ICICT50816.2021.9358684

Asst prof, Department of A Sandeep Asst prof, Department of

Electronics and Communication Computer Science Engineering
B. Tech, Department of
Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education
Electronics and Communication
Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation
Engineering
Foundation Vaddeswaram, AP, India
Koneru Lakshmaiah Education
Vaddeswaram, AP, India Foundation
[email protected] Vaddeswaram, AP, India

Abstract—In recent years, baby care has become more important In addition to this, almost one in every ten babies is born
and challenging for working mothers. Even at home, working prematurely. Premature babies are the most sensitive than
mothers will not have enough time to monitor their babies normal born babies. Premature babies suffer a lot with home
continuously. They give the responsibility of their baby to either
atmospheres and after also coming from incubators in
a baby caretaker or they send the baby to their grandparents’
house. In the proposed work, a smart cradle with an automated
hospitals. Premature babies are those who are born more than
baby monitoring system was developed. In the baby monitoring three weeks before the baby’s estimated time of delivery.
system, the necessary parameters of the infant like temperature, They often have medical issues and higher risks of life [2].
heartbeat rate, gas molecules, capture the motion and position of The condition of the baby needs to be monitored for every
the baby were measured and monitored. The S .ODI board is second to second and time to time [3]–[5]. They will be kept
used for interfacing the sensors and actuators. The baby in an isolated chamber or incubator, for a total minute to
monitoring system is attached to the cradle so that an incubator minute monitoring.
kind of environment will be created for the baby. The baby
monitoring system monitors the baby 24x7. The measured Premature babies need to have a longer stay in the
parameters regarding the baby’s health like temperature, hospital than a normal born baby in the nursery unit or
heartbeat rate, dampness on the baby bed will be displayed in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) [6]. The most common
mobile application. If the recorded readings show any problem that premature babies face is PDA and low blood
abnormalities, the necessary actions like controlling temperature,
pressure (hypotension), trouble in breathing due to an
switching on or off the fan, setting up cradle’s movement, playing
music for the baby will be taken. If the readings seem abnormal,
immature respiratory system. They also lose their body
the caretaker along with the parents will get an alert message. temperature and suffer due to an underdeveloped immune
The motion and posture status of the infant can be monitored system etc., [2]. On a survey basis, 4 million babies
using motion Eye OS . The baby monitoring system prototype worldwide would die in the first month of their life due to low
helps the parents in time management and makes it easier for the birth weight [7]. The high temperatures and humid
caretakers as well. This baby monitoring system is proven to environments also make babies suffocate. These types of
have less harm for the baby with the most accuracy. This conditions create additional threats to the baby’s health. To
monitoring system is a highly efficient IoT based system for real -
maintain the baby’s condition, they require an additional
time monitoring with the best security measures.
controller in an incubator for maintaining the baby’s body
Keywords: Baby monitoring system; Cradle; IoT device; Real-Time temperature[8], humidity, and pulse rate, and oxygen flows [9]
Monitoring; S.ODI IoT device; Surveillance. without any assistance. In the same way, when the premature
baby’s period in hospital is completed, they need to be taken
I. INTRODUCTION utmost care of in their homes too. Caretakers and parents
In India in recent years, both the parents working has been alone cannot take care of baby minute to minute [3], [10],
common. In these times baby monitoring will be the most [11]. In general, in the hospitals, the incubator protects and
difficult thing for working parents. While they can have a monitors the baby’s condition with every parameter that needs
caretaker for the baby, but it would be difficult and hard for to be monitored. Whereas in homes there is something more
them to have a view of the baby and its health status [1]. compatible for the baby, where it can monitor the baby minute

978-1-7281-8501-9/21/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE 1298

Authorized licensed use limited to: University of Technology Sydney. Downloaded on May 22,2021 at 07:38:37 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Inventive Computation Technologies [ICICT 2021]
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP21F70-ART; ISBN: 978-1-7281-8501-9

to minute regarding its health issues and surveillance also. The A. System Requirements:
baby needs to be taken care of the humidity and temperature The system hardware is designed with an S.ODI
around it. The monitoring systems and automation with data microcontroller board with DS18b120 sensor for sensing
exchange are growing rapidly with the Internet of Things temperature, pulse sensor, MQ135 sensor as the gas sensor,
(IoT). IoT devices consist of wireless sensors, software, Heater used for differentiating Temperature, microphone
actuators, cyber systems, computer devices, and all are module for identifying the crying of baby and camera module,
attached to an object that provides the internet. It also enables and the hardware requirements are tabulated below.
the transfer of data and controlling of the sensors and any TABLE I HARDWARE USED
connected devices with its data transferring software [12].
With the help of the IoT, a minute to minute real-time S.No Components Its Description
monitoring is established without any human intervention. It incorporates the ESP32 module, which
1 S.ODI Version 1.0
has wi-fi.
It works at 3.3 to 5V and can quantify
IoT devices are integrated with the latest technology T emperature sensor temperature in the scope of -55ºC to
2
which makes a mix of communication or interaction over the (DS18b120) +125ºC which is adequate for the focus on
internet, managed, and controlled remotely when required internal heat level range.
It is an incorporated optical intensifying
through, installed frameworks, constant investigation, and circuit and clamor dispensing with a circuit
3 Pulse sensor
artificial intelligence. In real-time, cyber systems work and sensor. T he working voltage is 5V or 3.3V
help at best in each stage over the internet [13], [14]. The IoT and the current utilization is 4mA.
Gas sensor T he working voltage is 2.5V to 5V. Both
also enables surveillance mode for the monitoring system, 4
(MQ 135) info and yield are simple both 0 to 5V
which in turn helps better health and environmental On-board has a mouthpiece, high
Sound sensor
monitoring. In this work, there are modules like room 5 affectability, and normally being utilized
(LM393)
for sound identification.
temperature control, humidity control, representation of T his module goes through Raspbian, and it
unsafe gases, and monitoring of the heartbeat parameters are resembles a small PC and charge card
6 Raspberry pi Zero
measured with the help of proper sensors. In addition to this, a measured and it is the same as the other
raspberry contraptions.
video surveillance system is installed with the help of It is a high quality 5 Megapixel camera
Raspberry Pi. The baby’s health status containing the sensors image sensor crafted. It is capable of
7 Pi Camera
readings are updated on the mobile application. The sensors capturing 3280X2464 pixel pictures and
640X480 pixel recordings
are embedded into the S.ODI board i.e., the framework on T he cooling module is a semi-conductor
board development interface [2]. This reduces the basic circuit Heater based component. It can also be used for
8
complexity around the baby and the onboard complexity. The (T ECI-12706) the differential temperature to generate
electricity.
cradle is the first place for the baby in a home. By taking care It runs on 12 DC and very pleasant air
of this, the baby’s health status is monitored and controlled by comes out of it. It cools down the hot
9 3 Inch Fan
regular updates and health readings. This cradle helps the environment to alternating good
temperatures.
baby in having both comfort and security. The cradle contains
less complexity in circuits which reduces the risk of short
circuits [15]. The cradle has a surveillance system and the B. S. ODI
baby’s positional status and area are completely monitored S.ODI is a hybrid IoT development board that is
every time either in an online web portal[16] or a mobile integrated with all communication interfaces and dual-
application. controller units onboard for enhanced data handling and
offers multiple sensor connectivity. It is a full-fledged IoT
II. DESIGN AND DEVELOPM ENT OF SYSTEM development board that is built tough for ruff hardly precise
processing of data. Our device is uniquely equipped with
In this, an IoT-controlled baby monitoring system is multi-connectivity systems like Wi-Fi, communication
designed that will continuously monitor and control the baby's system It is having two varieties. S.ODI standard – with 3
condition like temperature, pulse, baby crying, and dampness, communications + 1 communication interface and (5+)
and sends the control signals according to it to the parents to sensors and Interfaces. It contains a set of 23 digital pins
and another set of 7 analog pins. It works only on 3.3v and
alert the baby position. This system is designed by using an
5v. It is equipped with four modules [solo1, Solo2, MS1,
S.ODI microcontroller which has a built-in wi-fi module to
MS2].
utilize for remote surveillance, along with those sensors like
temperature sensor, pulse sensor, microphone, gas sensor, C. Features
humidity sensor, camera, etc. are interfaced with S. ODI IoT device is a hybrid dual-controller unit. It
microcontroller to read the required data of infant for monitor contains 23 digital pins and 7 analog pins. This board has a
and control the condition of the baby.

978-1-7281-8501-9/21/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE 1299

Authorized licensed use limited to: University of Technology Sydney. Downloaded on May 22,2021 at 07:38:37 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Inventive Computation Technologies [ICICT 2021]
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP21F70-ART; ISBN: 978-1-7281-8501-9

speed of 8- bit processing and 4 modes with 2 master-slave

modes. It has higher- level communications and can be
integrated with any firmware(developed). S. ODI uses Wi-Fi
802.11 series (2 Mbps). It has Serial UART, ILC, SPC
protocol interfaces for wired connectivity. It has a capacity of
+5 onboard sensors and an interface. Micro USB-type b is
used for flexible communication. Parallel processing is used
for best performance. These are the specifications of the
S.ODI Version 1.0.

Fig. 2 Block Diagram of Smart Cradle for Baby Monitoring System

IV. WORKING & FLOWCHART

A. Working Mechanism
S.ODI is a multi-utility board with a dual microcontroller
that works on the parallel mechanism with Wi-Fi and
Fig. 1 Block Diagram of S. ODI microcontroller. There are some necessary parameters for the
infant that needs to be monitored on daily basis from time to
III. BLOCK DIAGRAM time. Such parameters are body temperature, gas sensor, and
pulse rate that are measured using sensors. A microphone
The block diagram of IoT based baby monitoring is module is attached to the cradle that gives the necessary
shown in Fig. 2. The hardware consists of multiple sensors
indication of the baby, whether he/ she is crying or not. With
like temperature sensor, humidity sensor, gas sensor, pulse
this, the reason for the baby’s crying is temperature, pulse rate
sensor, microphone, camera (etc.) for reading different
difference, nature calls, or the baby’s hunger can be identified.
parameters of the baby to monitor and control the condition of
The sensor’s readings will be processed by the microcontroller
the baby. The inbuilt Wi-Fi module is used to send the and the recorded data is transmitted using the Blynk channel
condition of the baby to their parents and doctors to alert
via a Wi-Fi module. The sensor readings will be monitored,
them. The system is securely connected to the centralized and the necessary actions will be processed according to the
third-party service provider referred to as the cloud to connect
baby’s condition. As per the readings, if the temperature is
to the internet [18]. high and the baby is crying, the heater placed under the cradle
provides sufficient heat for the baby to comfort. In the same
way, when the temperature is too high, a portable fan is
arranged on the top side of the cradle, which is operated with
levels of speed. Along with this, if the baby cries, the attached
music plays the songs, and that will be managed by the
microcontroller or outer source. The cradle is controlled using
a servo motor that makes the cradle swing whenever the baby
cries. This will be detected using a microphone, and the
controlling of the cradle will be done through the Blynk
channel.

978-1-7281-8501-9/21/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE 1300

Authorized licensed use limited to: University of Technology Sydney. Downloaded on May 22,2021 at 07:38:37 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Inventive Computation Technologies [ICICT 2021]
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP21F70-ART; ISBN: 978-1-7281-8501-9

Blynk is a coding interface that works in the backend monitoring system, here initially the user mobile will be
of the S.ODI, and it shows all the readings and statuses of the connected to the microcontroller of the baby monitoring
sensors and other interfaces (Heater, Fan, and Music System). system, by using different sensors of the firmware the baby
All the sensors are connected, and their readings are measured condition is monitored, whether the baby is crying or not will
according to the flow chart. A camera is interfaced with the be sensed by the microphone module, if the baby was crying
raspberry pi 0 and is placed on the cradle in a position that then an alert message will be sent to the parent. The gas sensor
covers the whole baby’s posture and movement. Through this, will sense the ammonium gases which will help to identify
the baby's sleeping posture and baby's daily activity in the whether there is a need to change the diaper or not.
mobile application through Motion Eye-OS can be monitored.
Motion Eye-OS is an interface that helps to capture camera
visualization. This whole continuous recording and
monitoring help to check the baby’s condition and health care
up to date and it is user-friendly, so that it will be easier for
anyone to understand the Infant’s comfort and health
conditions.

B. System Architecture
The S.ODI microcontroller board is the main firmware of
the project, which will receive the data from sensors and
process those data and control the output, and as well send the
required data to parents and doctor to alert them. The
dampness of the baby will check by using humidity sensor
DHT11, the temperature of the baby will read by the
temperature sensor DS18b120 and sends the data to the
microcontroller, the heartbeat and pulse reading will be read
by pulse sensor and

Fig. 4 Flow Chart of the Baby Monitoring System

The temperature sensor will read the temperature of the baby

and if it is greater than 98.6o F then an alert message will send
to the parent. The pulse sensor will read the pulse rate of the
baby and if it is less than 160bpm then an alert will send to the
parent that the pulse rate of the baby is abnormal. Finally, the
room temperature sensor will read the room temperature
according to it the microcontroller will activate the cooler or
heater according to the temperature. If all the sensors reading
is ok, then the system will indicate that the baby's condition
was safe and sends that the same message to the parents also.

Fig. 3 Pictorial Representation of the System

sends to the microcontroller, the microphone module of the

circuit will be used to check whether the baby was crying or
not, the inbuilt Wi-Fi module is used to share the condition of
the baby that is whether the baby is crying or not, how much
temperature the baby has and pulse rate of the baby (etc.)., to
the parents and doctor to alert them.

C. Flow Chart
The above diagram shows that the flowchart of the baby

978-1-7281-8501-9/21/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE 1301

Authorized licensed use limited to: University of Technology Sydney. Downloaded on May 22,2021 at 07:38:37 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Inventive Computation Technologies [ICICT 2021]
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP21F70-ART; ISBN: 978-1-7281-8501-9

V. RESULT AND DISCUSSION

(b)

Fig. 5 Hardware Unit

The communication between hardware and software can be (c)

seen in the Blynk. In the Blynk, the data measured by the
sensors like a gas sensor, temperature sensor, pulse sensor can
be monitored. From fig 6, the results for the baby’s condition
is displayed whether the baby has a high temperature or low
temperature, the baby is safe or any disturbances in heart rate,
and whether the baby has gone for any nature calls.
Considering each parameter, for the baby’s motions, and then
it displays that the baby is safe.

The proposed system provides an incubator kind of

atmosphere for the baby in the cradle. It eases the caretaking
easier for both parents and caretakers too. The system would (d)
be a very big relief for working mothers and normal parents
Fig. 6 Images of results on smartphone Blynk application
also. This system assists mothers and caretakers in monitoring (a) Video surveillance (b) Baby T emperature
the baby’s healthcare from time to time. This system makes (c) High-T emperature Alert (d) Diaper Change Alert
the parents understand the baby health without any help of a
doctor and parents can monitor their baby through video VI. CONCLUSION
surveillance 24X7 and in future updates can be done regarding
sensing cough and frequent sneezing of the baby with the help In the developed system all the necessary sensors that are used
microphone attached and that will be alerted with a message for measuring the parameters like temperature, moisture, pulse
or phone call, and the further updates can be done in many rate, microphone, and the camera is interfaced with the S.ODI
other ways. and Blynk. Blynk is the backend coding interface for S.ODI.
In the Blynk application, the caretaker gets necessary alarm
messages or alerts regarding the baby’s temperature, moisture,
baby’s bed dampness, and pulse rate of the baby. Minute to
minute monitoring of the child and posture monitoring can be
done with a spi camera that is installed with the Motion Eye-
OS. The necessary framework for baby monitoring with the
screening of necessary parameters like health monitoring and
full-time surveillance of the baby is demonstrated.
(a)

978-1-7281-8501-9/21/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE 1302

Authorized licensed use limited to: University of Technology Sydney. Downloaded on May 22,2021 at 07:38:37 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Inventive Computation Technologies [ICICT 2021]
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP21F70-ART; ISBN: 978-1-7281-8501-9

REFERENCES [18] Nalajala, Sunanda, et al. "Data Security in Cloud Computing Using
T hree-Factor Authentication." International Conference on
[1] W. A. Jabbar, H. K. Shang, S. N. I. S. Hamid, A. A. Almohammedi, R. Communication, Computing and Electronics Systems. Springer,
M. Ramli, and M. A. H. Ali, “IoT -BBMS: Internet of T hings-Based Singapore, 2020.
Baby Monitoring System for Smart Cradle,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp.
93791–93805, 2019.
[2] S. Maloji, S. Malakonda Sai Lokesh, K. Nikhil Sai, M. Vasavi
Prasanna, M. K. Ashwaq, and S. Arunmetha, “An innovative approach
for infant monitoring system using movel s.Odi based iot system,” Int.
J. Adv. Sci. T echnol., vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 3623 –3630, 2020.
[3] K. Jose Reena and R. Parameswari, “A Smart Health Care Monitor
System in IoT Based Human Activities of Daily Living: A Review,”
Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn. Big Data, Cloud Parallel Comput.
T rends, Prespectives Prospect. Com. 2019, pp. 446–448, 2019, doi:
10.1109/COMIT Con.2019.8862439.
[4] S. Ananth, P. Sathya, and P. Madhan Mohan, “Smart health monitoring
system through IoT ,” Proc. 2019 IEEE Int. Conf. Commun. Signal
Process. ICCSP 2019, pp. 968–970, 2019, doi:
10.1109/ICCSP.2019.8697921.
[5] M. V. Narayana, K. Dusarlapudi, K. Uday Kiran, and B. Sakthi Kumar,
“ IoT based real time neonate monitoring system using arduino,” J.
Adv. Res. Dyn. Control Syst., vol. 9, no. Special issue 14, pp. 1764 –
1772, 2017.
[6] H. Singh et al., “ Neo-Bedside Monitoring Device for Integrated
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (iNICU),” IEEE Access, vol. 7, no. c, pp.
7803–7813, 2019, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2886879.
[7] M. Koli, P. Ladge, B. Prasad, R. Boria, and N. J. Balur, “Intelligent
Baby Incubator,” Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. Electron. Commun. Aerosp.
T echnol. ICECA 2018, no. Iceca, pp. 1036–1042, 2018, doi:
10.1109/ICECA.2018.8474763.
[8] M. Kumar, “ T EMPERAT URE CONT ROL AND MONIT ORING,”
vol. 22, no. 1, 2016.
[9] H. Patke, M. Borkar, N. Kenkre, and A. Gupta, “An innovative
approach for infant monitoring system using pulse rate and ox ygen
level,” in 2017 International Conference on Intelligent Computing and
Control Systems (ICICCS), 2017, pp. 1054–1058.
[10] Z. U. Ahmed, M. G. Mortuza, M. J. Uddin, M. H. Kabir, M.
Mahiuddin, and M. J. Hoque, “Internet of Things Based Patient Health
Monitoring System Using Wearable Biomedical Device,” 2018 Int.
Conf. Innov. Eng. Technol. ICIET 2018, no. December, pp. 1 –5, 2019,
doi: 10.1109/CIET .2018.8660846.
[11] K. V. Sowmya and J. K. R. Sastry, “Performance evaluation of IOT
systems - basic issues,” Int. J. Eng. T echnol., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 131–
137, 2018, doi: 10.14419/ijet.v7i2.7.10279.
[12] P. Gopi Krishna, K. Sreenivasa Ravi, K. Hari Kishore, K. Krishna
Veni, K. N. Siva Rao, and R. D. Prasad, “Design and development of
bi-directional IoT gateway using ZigBee and Wi-Fi technologies with
MQT T protocol,” Int. J. Eng. T echnol., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 125 –129,
2018, doi: 10.14419/ijet.v7i2.8.10344.
[13] G. D. Kumar, “ Realization Of A Low Cost Smart Home System Using
T elegram Messenger And Voice,” Int. J. Pure Appl. Math., vol. 1 16,
no. 5, pp. 85–90, 2017, [Online]. Available:
http://acadpubl.eu/jsi/2017-116-5-7/articles/5/15.pdf.
[14] S. Vara Kumari, O. Sailaja, N. V S Rama Krishna, and C. T hrinisha,
“ Early Flood Monitoring System using IoT Applications,” Int. J. Eng.
Adv. T echnol., no. 5, pp. 2249–8958, 2019.
[15] M. Leier and G. Jervan, “Miniaturized wireless monitor for long-term
monitoring of newborns,” Proc. Bienn. Balt. Electron. Conf. BEC, vol.
2015-Novem, pp. 193–196, 2014, doi: 10.1109/BEC.2014.7320589.
[16] G. Nirmala, S. Jeyashree, and M. B. Lakshmi, “A secure IoT based
baby healthcare monitoring and maintenance system in cloud,” T ech.
Res. Organ. India, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 1–5, 2018.
[17] B. Ashish, “ T emperature monitored IoT based smart incubator,” Proc.
Int. Conf. IoT Soc. Mobile, Anal. Cloud, I-SMAC 2017, pp. 497–501,
2017, doi: 10.1109/I-SMAC.2017.8058400.

978-1-7281-8501-9/21/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE 1303

Authorized licensed use limited to: University of Technology Sydney. Downloaded on May 22,2021 at 07:38:37 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.