49MWac CORDON SOLAR POWER PROJECT

Employer

Greenergy for Global Inc.

Employer’s Engineer

AFRY Philippines Inc.

Contractor

Consortium of Everstone & SUMEC Philippines

Document name EXCAVATION WORKS PROCEDURE

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Date Issued
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Position: Position:
Signature: Signature:

Date: Date:
For Employer & Employer’s HSE
Team
Reviewed or approved by:
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For Approval □ Accepted □ Accepted w/ comments □ Revise & resubmit
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. PURPOSE....................................................................................................................................1

2. DEFENITION...............................................................................................................................1

3. RESPONSIBILITIES....................................................................................................................4

4. EXCAVATION REQUIREMENTS.............................................................................................5

5. PROCEDURE...............................................................................................................................5
5.1 Excavation..........................................................................................................................5
5.2 Confine Space.....................................................................................................................6
5.3 Potential Hazards ...............................................................................................................7
5.4 Safety Aspects ...................................................................................................................7
5.4.1 Barricades and Signages .........................................................................7
5.4.2 Safe Entry and exit .................................................................................7
5.4.3 Protective System....................................................................................8
5.4.4 Precaution Againts Cave-in, seepage etc ................................................8
5.4.5 Supervition workforce and Inspection ....................................................9
5.4.6 Precaution During Job ............................................................................9

6. OTHER MEASURES.................................................................................................................10
5.4.6 Alarm Measure ..............................................................................................................10
5.4.6 Remedial Measure after accurence of risk ....................................................................10
5.4.6 Environmental Protection measures ..............................................................................10

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1. PURPOSE

The purpose of these procedure is to established the precautions and conditions considered necessary for
safety of the personnel involved in excavation work as well as integrity above/ underground services and or
facilities where such excavation work shall be carried out. The procedure is also aimed to define the roles
and responsibilities of personnel associated and requesting, approving and carrying out excavation.

2. DEFENITION

Excavation: Excavation is an man made cut, cavity, pit or depression in an earth surface formed by earth
removal

Manual Excavation: The excavation on without using any powered equipment or excavating machinery
such as backhoe, Loader, jack hammer, etc.

List of tools in Manual excavation:

 Shovel

 Pick Mattock

 Digging bar

 Use of electric picks in hard soil

Cave ins: It is collapse of the pit side walls due to weight of adjacent soil. A cave-in can drop several cubic
meter of soil on worker

Sloping: Sloping and angling the side of an excavation to prevent cave-ins.

Shoring: Involves the us of engineering structures. (Such as polling board etc.) to support a pit sidewalls

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3. RESPONSIBILITIES

Project Manager - his primary responsibility is to define the main objectives of the project, its purpose and
its scope. Planning, he creates an integrated project plan and focused on attaining the outlined goals.
Executing, during the phase, team members complete the work that has been identified in project plan in
order to reach the goals of the project. Monitoring and controlling, he processes actually commence at the
beginning of the project and continue throughout the planning, execution and closing. Closing, he strives to
ensure all activities necessary to achieve the final result are completed.
Construction Manager - his primary responsibility is ensuring that the project is meeting the agreed
standards and technical requirements and is within budget. He is also the link to managing subcontractors,
project personnel, and making sure that the project is compliant with building codes and regulations.
Site Engineer or Engineer in Charge – responsible for the overall execution of work.
QA/QC Engineer – conducts routine inspection if the works are completed in accordance with project
quality standards and assess the overall workable area.
Surveyor – responsible for layout, staking and elevation on site,fill the excavation checklist form.
Safety Officer – executes safety plan and compliance.Completion of site work permit applications and
approvals
Foreman – responsible for all activities on project site and also the overall responsible to all workers.
First Aider - The site first aider is responsible for providing immediate medical assistance and ensuring the
well-being of individuals in case of injuries or health emergencies on the site
Signal Men – directing traffic around areas of disruption and act as guides on pedestrians and overall
controls the road operations.
Labor - Perform various tasks to aid daily operations at the site.

4. EXCAVATION REQUIREMENTS
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 4.1 Site Inspection
Before excavation, it must be thoroughly inspect the site to determine if all excavation
requirements are met.

4.2 Remove surface encumbrances

Remove or support any surface encumbrance as needed to protect employees. Surface
encumbrances may include equipment, materials, supplies, permanent installations, buildings,
roadways, trees, brush, boulders, or other surface objects that could present a hazard to employees
working in the excavation.

4.3 Identify Underground Utilities

The location of underground installations and wires such as telephone, electric, and water
utilities must be determined and marked before opening an excavation. It must arrange with the
utility company to remove, shut down, or relocate underground installations as needed to protect
employees working in the excavation.If it is not possible to find the exact location of these
installations and the utilities are left in place, the work may proceed with caution if:
 detection equipment or other safe and acceptable means are used to locate the utility;
 excavation does not endanger the underground installations or the workers; and
 utilities are protected by barricades, shoring, suspension, or other means to protect
employees.

5. PROCEDURE

5.1 Excavation

5.1.1 The walls of every excavation over 1 m. (3 ft.) deep shall be supported by adequate shoring and
timbering to prevent collapse

5.1.2 Excavated material shall be kept from the edge of the excavation to provide a clear berm of a
distance not less than one third of the depth of the excavation. Where the disposal area is limited, a berm of
reduced width of not less than 1 m. (3 ft.) may be allowed, provided the materials being excavated are
stable, the shoring is designed to carry the additional load, and barriers are provided to prevent roll back of
the excavated materials.
5.1.3 Excavated material must not be permitted to accumulate in the work area or aisles. It should be
shifted away.

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 5.1.4 Every excavation over 1 m. (3 ft.) deep shall be provided with means of access and escape in
case of flooding or collapse of the excavation work.

5.2 Confine Space

5.2.1 If the pit is 4 feet (1.2) or more deep it should be provided with standard ladder to facilitate safe
entry and exit.
5.2.2When the depth exceeds 1.7 meters, the earth and stone generated from excavation in the pit
shall be loaded into the earth-lifting basket (using rubber earth-lifting basket), and the earth shall be lifted
out of the pit by a special person through a Manual earth lifting. When the diameter of the hole is greater
than 1m, the operator on the hole should fasten the safety belt (the safety rope can be fixed on the special
anchor pile). During the process of soil lifting, the construction personnel at the bottom of the pit are strictly
prohibited.
5.2.3Before foundation excavation, confirm excavation diameter according to drawings and make
corresponding preparations.When the depth of the pit is more than 2.0 meters, the safety guardian above the
pit should pay close attention to the workers below the pit, and pre-set ventilation facilities (ventilation can
be used to supply air into the pit by exhaust fan, and the ventilation personnel should stand outside the
foundation pit guardrail to ensure personal safety) to prevent the workers below the pit from shock due to
hypoxia;
5.2.4When the foundation pit is deep, forced ventilation measures should be taken. At the same time,
the excavation personnel should be replaced from time to time, and the rotation operation should be carried
out in the upper pit and the lower pit. The rotation interval should not exceed 2 hours. When abnormal
conditions are found in the pit, the air quality in the pit should be understood in time, and the rescue work
should be carried out in time according to the specific situation.

5.3 Potential Hazards

The ff. Hazards may be encountered while excavating or working inside the pit.
a. Cave-ins or collapse of soil
b. Buried alive under collapse soil
c. Underground obstruction or damage to buried pipelines and services
d. Accidental fall of personnel or equipment inside a pit
e. Struck / hit by excavating machinery
f. Flammable and toxic gasses
g. Fire and explosion
h. Electrical shock due to contact energizes electrical or telecom cables.
i. Drowning due to water seepage into the pit
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 j. Soil vibration due to machinery/heavy vehicles operation in the vicinity.
k. Possible presence of explosive device
l. Lack of oxygen or asphyxiation
m. Observing wet soil or reaching water table
n. Observing contaminated soil
5.4 Safety Aspects:Following important safety aspects shall be implemented during execution of excavation
activity at project site:

5.4.1 Barricades and Signage

a. Warning Signs and Barricades,Prior to the start of any excavation, warning signs and
barricades should be placed along the perimeter of the excavation of the project site. This
is done to enclose the working area for the project, and to let passing vehicles and
pedestrians know that excavations works are being carried out at the area.These signs and
barricades should also have lighting and/or reflectorized components in order to be seen by
vehicles and pedestrians at night.
b. The top of wall of an open excavation more than 2.0 meters deep shall be barricaded to a
height of at least 1m to prevent the fall of workers.
c. Excavations should be barricaded to prevent employees and others falling into the pit
d. Provide barricading of the area and display of warning signboard.
e. Warning signs including Light signal to be provided.

5.4.1Safe entry and exit:

a. In excavations deeper than 4 feet, keep ladders, steps, or ramps within 25 feet of workers
to ensure a safe entry and exit.
b. It must have ramps used by workers to enter or exit excavations.
c. When portable ladders are used, the ladder side rails must extend at least 3 feet above the
upper surface of the excavation.

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 d. Inspect ladders before each use for signs of damage or defects. Remove damaged ladders
from service and mark with “Do Not Use” until repaired.
e. Use ladders only on stable and level surfaces unless secured. All ladders placed in any
location where displacement from workplace activities or traffic can occur must be secured
or barricaded.
f. Never carry any object or load while on a ladder that may cause a loss of balance.

5.4.2Protective system

a. Conduct soil analysis for the current pit. If the soil is hard, the risk of soil collapse is minimal,
and no protection is needed. However, if the soil is relatively loose, iron sheets must be placed
on the pit walls to prevent sudden soil collapse.
b. To prevent or protect from cave-ins, utilize one of the following: shoring, sloping or benching,
trench boxes, or some other equivalent means.
c. All surface encumbrances that are located so as to create a hazard to employees will be
removed or supported, as necessary, to safeguard employees and to prevent undermining
adjacent structures.
d. Protective systems for excavations of 20 feet or greater in depth must be designed and
inspected by a Registered Professional Engineer prior to entry.
e. Materials and equipment used for protective systems (e.g., shoring) will be free from damage
or defects that might impair their proper function.

5.4.3 Precautions against cave in, seepage etc

a. If it is necessary to place or operate power shovels, derricks, trucks, materials, or other heavy
objects on a level above and near an excavation, the side of the excavation shall be sheet-piled,
shored, and braced as necessary to resist the extra pressure due to such superimposed loads.
b. When mobile equipment is utilized or allowed adjacent to excavations, substantial stop logs, or
barricades shall be installed. If possible, the grade should be away from the excavation.
c. Care shall be taken during monsoon or during seepage of water from nearby area.
d. If there is evidence of cave-ins or slides, all work in the excavation must cease until the
necessary precautions have been taken to safeguard employees till further clearance is obtain.
e. Dewatering from the pit shall be done at remote location to avoid back flow to the pit resulting
in soil collapse.
f. All major excavations shall be done after engineering study and ensure that validated
excavation scheme shall be installed.
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 g. Ensure that there are no scaffolds or temporary structures adjacent to where trench or
excavation is to be made unless adequate measures have been taken based on a formal risk
assessment.
5.4.4 Supervision, workforce and Inspection
a. It should be ensured that all excavations are supervised by qualified person.
b. Give Tool Box Talks regarding safety measures to be observed to the workers involved before
starting the job.
c. Confirm methodology to be adopted, explains Risk Assessment and plan of action in case of
emergency.
d. Confirm PPEs provided, are as per the work permit.
e. If the depth of excavation is more than 7 feet (2.2 meters) than double lifeline full body harness
must be used. The harness to should be secured to a suitable lifeline.
f. Minimum person shall be kept inside pit. All idle workers should be removed from there.
g. Each excavation shall be inspected daily by the qualified persons, after heavy rains & Storms,
or more often if conditions change rapidly.

5.4.5 Precaution During Job

a. When employees are preparing to start deep pit excavation, they must wear full PPE gear,
including :High visibility reflector vest,Gloves,Hardhat,Harness,Safety shoes/Boots,Earplug (if
needed)

b. Before excavation begins, the site must be leveled, and a stable support frame should be placed
directly above the planned pit location. The frame should be over 1 meter high, and its stability
must be tested. This frame will serve as the support point for the upcoming equipment.

c. A roller should be mounted on the frame with a rope wound around it, to be used for lifting soil
buckets. Additionally, the other end of the workers' safety rope should be fixed to the frame,
with an appropriate amount of slack, ready to be wound around the roller to quickly lift the
worker within one minute if necessary.

d. Each of the pit positions should have a dedicated supervisor. If any risk of danger is detected,
immediate corrective action must be taken, and personnel safety must be ensured first in case
of danger.

e. The soil pile next to the pit must be at least 1 meter away from the edge of the pit to prevent
soil from falling into the pit and causing injury.

f. A blower should be prepared next to the pit, with a duct extending into the pit to blow fresh air
in, ensuring sufficient oxygen levels and reducing the temperature inside the pit.
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 g. Depending on the terrain, dig a drainage ditch between the road and the pit to divert road water,
or use galvanized iron sheets for shielding to keep water out.

h. For power supply equipment, such as generators, additional circuit breaker protectors are
required to prevent electrocution.

i. Conduct a safety meeting every day before work to instill safety awareness and first aid
knowledge in each worker, ensuring that they can maximize their own safety in case of danger.

j. Have safety officers inspect the safety settings of each pit before and after work every day to
check for any safety risks and ensure that waterproofing measures are in place.

k. A first aider must be present on-site to provide immediate preliminary treatment in case of an
accident.

l. A full body harness with a lifeline must be worn where it does not pose a hazard

6. OTHER CONTROL MEASURES

6.1 Alarm measures

a. Attach an air monitor to the frame, with the measuring tube extending into the worker's area.
The air monitor should remain active during work, and if oxygen levels fall below a safe
threshold, an alarm will sound, prompting the supervisor to take immediate action.
b. Each pit should have a dedicated supervisor who must not leave the pit during work. If any
safety risk arises, the supervisor must immediately notify the project department.

6.2 remedial measures after the occurrence of risks

a. In case of a pit collapse or if the supervisor notices any abnormal working condition of the
personnel inside the pit, immediately wind the safety harness rope around the roller to lift the
person out of the pit. This process should be completed within one minute.
b. After rescuing the person from the pit, lay them flat in a shaded area and have the on-site first
aider quickly check their condition and provide initial treatment. Contact emergency medical
services as soon as possible to ensure the person receives professional medical care.
c. Promptly notify the project department, which will respond quickly.

6.3 Environmental Protection Measures

a. Measures will be taken to minimize the environmental impact of the excavation process, such
as reducing noise, preventing soil erosion, avoiding water pollution, etc.

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b. Strict control over the discharge of wastewater and spoils will be implemented, with
appropriate treatment measures to minimize environmental pollution.

c. Additional environmental protection measures and monitoring methods will be implemented

for sensitive ecological areas or specific environmental protection zones to protect the
integrity and stability of the local ecosystem.

d. All light equipment and stationary heavy equipment's shall be provided with drip trays to
prevent spillage of oil and fuel to the ground.

e. All equipment shall be properly maintained to avoid emissions to atmosphere.

f. All light equipment's shall be secured with its Permit to Operate from the DENR.

g. Provide drainage canal in one or both sides or provide make a sump near the face where
ponded water can be pumped out.

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