A MICRO-PROJECT ON

“Study of management principles applied to a large scale industry”

Submitted 2022-2023

This micro-project work submitted I partial fulfillment of requirement for the Award of
diploma in,

CIVIL ENGINEERING

Under the Guidance of

Mr.R.B. Meshram Sir

(Lecturer in civil Engineering department )

Submitted By:-
Abhijit G. Latare (44)

1
 GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC,BRAMHAPURI
DIST-CHANDRAPUR
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE
This is certified that Abhijit G. Latare the student of this institute has carried
out this micro-project work on “ Study of management principles applied to a large
scale industry”. under the guidance of Mr. R. B. Meshram in the Department of Civil
Engineering during the session 2022-2023. This work has been done in the partial
fulfillment of the award for in Civil Engineering from Maharashtra State Board of
Technical Education, Mumbai.

Submitted by: -
Abhijit G. Latare (44)

Project Guide
Mr. R. B.Meshram

Dr. D.K.Parbat Dr. A. W. Pawde

Head of Department Principal

2
 GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC, BRAMHAPURI
DIST- CHANDRAPUR
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

I am student of Third year of Department of Civil Engineering, humbly

completed this Micro-project work for time to time as described in this report by my own
skill and study between the period from 2022-2023. As per instruction and guidance of
Mr. R. B. Meshram and following student was associated for this work. However,
quantum of my contribution has been approved by the guide.

Submitted by:-
Abhijit G. Latare (44)

DATE: / / 2023
PLACE: BRAMHAPURI

3
 GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC, BRAMHAPURI
DIST- CHANDRAPUR
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my special thanks for gratitude to my construction public

health Engineering teacher sir who's gave me an opportunity to do this project and also
provided support in completing in project. I would also like to extend my guided to our
head of department Dr. D.K.Parbat sir for providing me with all the facilities that were
required.

I are also grate full to our Principal, Dr. A. W. Pawde Sir for Encouraging us from
time to time. We also extend our thanks to all lecture and other staff of departmentfor
their co-operation and kind help Throughout the project. Last but not the least, wearthank
full to all those who have directly Or Indirectly Support me. Last but not the least, wear
thank full to all those who have directly or indirectly support me.

SUBMITTED BY :

Abhijit G. Latare (44)

4
 PART-A
Micro-Project Proposal

1. Aim of the Micro-Project: “ Study of management principles applied to a large

scale industry”

2. Course Outcome: - Use basic management principles to execute daily activities.

3. Proposed Methodology

a. To discuss the topic of project with respective teacher.

b. To take guideline from subject teacher about project.
c. To collect information about topic of micro project.
d. To prepare a Proposal of Project.
e. To submit the Proposal of Project to the subject teacher.

4. Action Plan:-
Sr. No Details of Activity Planned Start Planned Finish Name of Student
Date Date
1. Detailed discussion on Abhijit G. Latare
the micro project.
2. Take guideline with Abhijit G. Latare
subject teacher on given
topic
3. Collection of Abhijit G. Latare
information on the given
topic
4. Preparation of Proposal Abhijit G. Latare

5. Submission of Proposal Abhijit G. Latare

to the subject teacher

5
5. Resources Required:-

S. Name of Specifications Qty. Remarks

no Resource/material

1. 2Internet As per requirement 1

.
2. Laptop
3 HP 1

3. Smart
4 Phone REALME c3 1

Name of student with Roll No. Guided By:-

Abhijit G. Latare (44) Mr. R. B. Meshram Sir

6
 PART-B
Micro-Project Report

1. Rationale: An engineer has to work in industrial with human capital and

machines. Therefore, managerial skills are essential for inhancing their in
employability and career growth. This course is there for designed to provide
the basic concepts in management principles, safety aspects and industrial acts

2.Aim/Benefits of the Micro-Project: Study of management principles applied to a

large scale industry

3. Course Outcomes Achieved: - Use basic management principles to execute

daily activities.

4.Literature Review: -
The information about the topic was collected by different sources such as different
reference book, You Tube videos and also by different sites as well as using web links.
Also, we meet the teacher related with this topic and the corresponding subject in our
college we got good information from Mr. R. B. Meshram sir us information.

5.Actual Methodology Followed:

1. I had discussed about micro project with respective teacher.
2. I had taken guideline from subject teacher.
3. I collected required resources and information related to project.
4. I prepared a report on the given topic.
5. Demonstration of project and final submission.

7
 6. Actual resources required :
No. Name of Resource Specifications Qty. Remark

1. Internet As per requirement

1 -

Laptop HP 1
2.

3. Smart Phone REALME c3 1

7. Outputs of micro project:

7.1 About large scale industry

There are different forms of business organizations ranging from a sole

proprietorship to large scale businesses that employ over a thousand employees. Based
on the scale of the business, various classifications can be done, such as small scale
industries, large scale industries, public enterprises and multinational corporations.

Large scale industries are referred to as those industries that are having huge
infrastructure, raw material, high manpower requirements and large capital
requirements. Those organizations having a fixed asset of more than 10 crore rupees are
considered to be large scale industries.

The growth of the economy is very much dependent on these industries. Such
industries work towards bringing in foreign reserves, generating employment
opportunities and paving the way for economic growth.

8
7.2 Principles of Management - The Importance of the Principles

Having a clear management structure in place is vital for any successful organization.
Efficient and well intentioned management sets the tone for the rest of the staff. It is
common for the attitude approach of managers to filter through the entire organization,
so having managers working in an exemplary way of managers working in is an excellent
example for employees to follow.

7.3 14 Principles of management by Henry Fayol:

Henry Fayol, also known as the 'father of modern management theory' gave a new
perception of the concept of management. He introduced a general theory that can be
applied to all levels of management and every department. The Fayol theory is practised
by the managers to organize and regulate the internal activities of an organization. He
concentrated on accomplishing managerial efficiency.

9
 The fourteen principles of management created by Henri Fayol are explained below.

1. Division of Work-

Henri believed that segregating work in the workforce amongst the worker will
enhance the quality of the product. Similarly, he also concluded that the division of
work improves the productivity, efficiency, accuracy and speed of the workers. This
principle is appropriate for both the managerial as well as a technical work level.

2. Authority and Responsibility-

These are the two key aspects of management. Authority facilitates the management to
work efficiently, and responsibility makes them responsible for the work done under
their guidance or leadership.

3. Discipline-

Without discipline, nothing can be accomplished. It is the core value for any project or
any management. Good performance and sensible Interrelation make the management
job easy and comprehensive. Employees good behaviour also helps them smoothly
build and progress in their professional careers.

4. Unity of Command-

This means an employee should have only one boss and follow his command. If an
employee has to follow more than one boss, there begins a conflict of interest and can
create confusion.
10
5. Unity of Direction-

Whoever is engaged in the same activity should have a unified goal. This means all the
person working in a company should have one goal and motive which will make the
work easier and achieve the set goal easily.

6. Subordination of Individual Interest-

This indicates a company should work unitedly towards the interest of a company rather
than personal interest. Be subordinate to the purposes of an organization. This refers to
the whole chain of command in a company.

7. Remuneration-

This plays an important role in motivating the workers of a company. Remuneration can
be monetary or non-monetary. However, it should be according to an individual's efforts
they have made.

8. Centralization-

In any company, the management or any authority responsible for the decision- making
process should be neutral. However, this depends on the size of an organization. Henri
Fayol stressed on the point that there should be a balance between the hierarchy and
division of power.

9. Scalar Chain-

Fayol on this principle highlights that the hierarchy steps should be from the top to the
lowest. This is necessary so that every employee knows their immediate senior also they
should be able to contact any, if needed.

10. Order-

A company should maintain a well-defined work order to have a favourable work

culture. The positive atmosphere in the workplace will boost more positive productivity.

11. Equity-

All employees should be treated equally and respectfully. It's the responsibility of a
manager that no employees face discrimination.
11
12. Stability-

An employee delivers the best if they feel secure in their job. It is the duty of the
management to offer job security to their employees.

13. Initiative-

The management should support and encourage the employees to take initiatives in an
organization. It will help them to increase their interest and make then worth.

14. Esprit de Corps-

It is the responsibility of the management to motivate their employees and be supportive

of each other regularly. Developing trust and mutual understanding will lead to a
positive outcome and work environment.

This 14 principles of management are used to manage an organization and are beneficial
for prediction, planning, decision-making, organization and process management,
control and coordination

7.4 Primary Principles of Production Management In large Scale industries:

• Shorter set-up times.

By their nature, all set-up processes result in waste; they tie up labour and equipment
without adding value. Training, improved efficiency, and giving workers accountability
for their own set-ups allows to slash the set-up times.

• Empowering employees.

Dividing a workforce into small teams and giving them accountability for housekeeping
and various other tasks has been shown to improve efficiency. Teams are assigned
leaders, and the workers within those teams are trained on maintenance issues - allowing
them to deal with delays in the production process immediately.

• Equipment Maintenance.

Workers on the line are best placed to deal with mechanical breakdowns and subsequent
repairs. They can react to issues quickly and often without supervision, which allows
the production process to restart far more quickly after a shutdown.
12
 • Management skill

Possessing management skill is generally considered a requirement for success. An

effective manager is the manager who is able to master four basic types of skills:
technical, conceptual, interpersonal, and decision making.

• Technical skills

These skills are mostly related to working with processes or physical objects.
Engineering, accounting, and computer programming are examples of technical skills.
Technical skills are particularly important for first-line managers and are much less
important at the top management level.

• Decision making

The ability to identify a problem or an opportunity, creatively develop alternative

solutions, select an alternative, delegate authority to implement a solution, and evaluate
the solution.

13
7.5 How principles are applied in the large scale industry:

1) Providing managers with useful insights into reality:

The principles of management provide the managers with useful insights into real world
situations. Adherence to these principles will add to their knowledge, ability and
understanding of managerial situations and circumstances. It will also enable managers
to learn from past mistakes and conserve time by solving recurring problems quickly.
As managerial discretion is bounded by the principle of contribution to organizational
objectives.

2) Scientific decisions:

Decisions must be based on facts, thoughtful and justifiable in terms of the intended
purposes. They must be timely, realistic and subject to measurement and evaluation.
Management principles Help in thoughtful decision-making. They emphasize logic
rather than blind faith. Management decisions taken on the basis of principles are free
from bias and prejudice. They are based on the objective assessment of the situation.

3) Meeting environment requirements:

Although the principles are in the nature of general guidelines but they are modified and
as such help managers to meet changing requirements af the environment. You have
already studied that management principles are flexible to adapt to dynamic business
environment. For example, Management principles emphasize division of work and
specialization. In modern times this principle has been extended to the entire business
whereby companies are specialising in their core competency and divesting non-core
businesses. In this context, one may cite, the decision of Hindustan Lever Limited in
divesting non-core businesses of chemicals and seeds. Some companies are outsourcing
their non-core activities like share-transfer management and advertising to outside
agencies. So much so, that even core processes such as R&D, manufacturing and
marketing are being outsourced today

4) Fulfilling social responsibility:

The increased awareness of the public, forces businesses especially limited companies
to fulfil their social responsibilities. Management theory and management principles
have also evolved in response to these demands. Moreover, the interpretation of the
principles also assumes newer and contemporary meanings with the change in time. So,
if any were to talk of 'equity today, it does not apply to wages alone. Value to the
customer, care for the environment, dealings with business associates would all come
under the purview of this principle, An application of this principle, we find that Public
14
Sector Undertakings have developed entire townships us, for example, BHEL has
developed Ranipur in Hardwar (Uttaranchal). One may also cite the story of Shri Mahila
Grina Udyog Ujjat Papad as can be seen in the accompanying box.

5) Management training, education and research:

Principles of management are at the core of management theory. As such these are used
as a basis for management training, education and research. You must be aware that
entrance to management institutes is preceded by management aptitude tests. Do you
think that these tests could have been developed without an understanding of
management principles and how they may be applied in different situations? These
principles provide basic groundwork for the development of management as a discipline.
Professional courses such as MBA

(Master of Business Administration), BBA (Bachelor of Business Administration) also

teach these principles as part of their curriculum at the beginner's level.

These principles enable refinement of management practices as well by facilitating the

development of new management techniques. Thus, we see that techniques like
Operations Research (OR), cost accounting, "Just in Time, "Kanban" and "Kaizen' have
developed due to further research on these principles In conclusion it can be said that
understanding the meaning, nature and significance of principles of management will
help us to appreciate their applicability in real life situations. As stated at the beginning
of the chapter, management principles have undergone a long history of evolution. And,
they continue to evolve. What follows is a description of the management principles
pertaining to the classical school; more precisely, those propounded by F.W. Taylor and
Henri Fayol

7.6 Example:

Toyota follows certain well defined business principles gulding its functioning These
are:

1. Honor the language and spirit of law of every nation and undertake open and
fair corporate activities to be a good corporate citizen around the world.

2. Respect the culture and customs of every nation and contribute to economic
and social development through corporate activities in local communities.

3. To provide clean and safe products and to enhance the quality of life
everywhere.
15
4. Create and develop advanced technologies and provide outstanding products and
services that fulfil the needs of customers worldwide.

5. Faster a corporate clture that enhances individual creativity and teamwork value, while
honoring mutual trust and respect between management and labor.

6. Pursue growth and harmony with global community through innovative management.

7. Work with business partners in research and creativity to achieve stable, long-
term growth and mutual benefits and be open to new partnerships.

These principles, will guide the company in its global vision. This global visioenvisages
continuous innovations in future, use of environment friendly technologies, respecting
and working with different sections of society and establishing an interactive
relationship with society.

8.0 Skill Developed/Conclusion:

1) It has been said that management has four basic functions - planning, organizing,
leading and controlling.

2) Common sense dictates that without these principles of management being in

place an organization would have trouble achieving its aims, or even coming up
with alms in the first place.

16
 Micro Project Evaluation Sheet
Name of Student: Abhijit Gajanan Latare Enrollment No: 2001210079
Name of Programme: Civil Engineering Semester : 6th SEM
Course Title: Management Course Code : 22509
Title of the Micro-Project: - “ Study of management principles applied to a large scale
industry”
CO:- Use basic management principles to execute daily activities.
Sr. Poor Average Good Excellent
Characteristic to be Sub
No (Marks 1- (Marks 4- (Marks 6- (Marks 9-
. assessed 3) 5) 8) 10) Total

(A) Process and Product Assessment (Convert above total marks out of 6 Marks)
Relevance to the
1
course
Literature
2 Review/Information
Collection
Completion of the
3 target as per project
proposal
Analysis of Data and
4
Representation
Quality of
5
Prototype/Model
6 Report Preparation

(B) Individual Presentation / Viva (Convert above total marks out of 4 marks)

7 Presentation

8 Viva

(A)
(B)
Process and Product Total Marks
Individual Presentation/Viva
Assessment 10
(6 Marks) (4 Marks)

Comments/Suggestions about team work/leadership/inter-personal communication

Name and designation of the Teacher: Mr.R,B.Meshram
Dated Signatur:-
17