1. Give a talk about a successful job interview (10-15 sentences).
Tell
about:
what you should do
what you shouldn’t do
what questions you may ask
2. Present yourself as a specialist (10-15 sentences). Tell about:
your qualifications, your hard and soft skills
why you are the best candidate
what questions you may ask
3. Give a talk how you can prepare for a job interview (10-15 sentences).
Tell about:
what information you should find out
how you can tailor your CV
what questions you should prepare
4. Give a talk about main functions of PCs (10-15 sentences). Tell about:
what a digital age is
what spheres PCs are used in
what activities we can do with the help of PCs
5. Give a talk about types of computers (10-15 sentences). Tell about:
what types of computers exist
what their main functions are
how computer systems have changed over time
6. Give a talk about components of a PC and their functions. (10-15
sentences). Tell about:
the difference between hardware and software
the main components
their functions
7. Give a talk of a CPU and motherboard (10-15 sentences).. Tell about:
What main modules of CPU are
What their functions are
What can be found on a motherboard
8. Give a talk about software (10-15 sentences). Tell about:
types and subtypes of software
the functions of different software
what possible problems software may have
9. Give a talk about operating systems (10-15 sentences). Tell about:
what operating systems you know
what the advantages and disadvantages of each operation system are
which operating system you would recommend for a company and why
10.Give a talk about input devices (10-15 sentences). Tell about:
what input devices you know
what their functions are
a particular device
11.Give a talk about output devices (10-15 sentences). Tell about:
what output devices you know
the types of monitors
the main characteristics of monitors
12.Give a talk about storage devices (10-15 sentences). Tell about:
what storage devices you know
how they changed over time
the main characteristics of storage devices
13.Give a talk about networks (10-15 sentences). Tell about:
What types of networks you know
What the main equipment is
How you can solve possible problems
14.Give a talk about graphics user interface (10-15 sentences).
The history of GUI
The main objects
The main actions
15.Give a talk about safety and security (10-15 sentences). Tell about:
What you shouldn’t do at your workplace
Online security
Tips for safety
16.Give a talk about history of IT (10-15 sentences).
what piece of software/hardware you want to talk about
When it was created
How it changed over the time
17.Give a talk about trends in IT (10-15 sentences).
Present the trend
Explain how it works
What it is used for
1 Graphic user interface (GUI) is a type of interface that allows users to interact
with electronic devices through graphical icons and visual indicators, as
opposed to text-based interfaces, typed command labels or text navigation.
GUIs are used in a wide variety of devices, including computers, smartphones,
tablets, and other digital devices.
GUIs typically consist of windows, menus, buttons, and other graphical
elements that users can click on or interact with using a mouse, touch screen, or
other input devices. This visual representation of data and controls makes it
easier for users to navigate and interact with the device, as it provides a more
intuitive and user-friendly experience.
GUIs have become the standard interface for most modern digital devices, as
they are more user-friendly and accessible than text-based interfaces. They
allow users to perform tasks more efficiently and quickly, without the need to
memorize complex commands or navigate through multiple layers of menus.
Overall, GUIs have revolutionized the way we interact with technology, making
it easier for users to access information, perform tasks, and communicate with
others.
2 A network is a system of interconnected devices that exchange data and
resources. Networks are used to transmit information between computers,
devices, and users, enabling them to communicate, collaborate, and share
resources.
There are many types of networks, including local area networks (LAN), wide
area networks (WAN), wireless networks (Wi-Fi), cellular networks
(3G/4G/5G), and many others. Networks can be private (within an
organization) or public (internet).
The key components of a network include devices (computers, routers,
switches), cables and wireless connections, data transmission protocols
(TCP/IP, Ethernet), as well as software for network management and
monitoring.
Networks play a crucial role in the modern world, facilitating communication
between people, businesses, and devices worldwide. They allow us to exchange
information, access resources and services, and accelerate technological
development and digitization of society. It is important to ensure security and
data protection in networks to prevent unauthorized access and information
leaks.
3 With open source software, what do people think about first? Money, usually,
because open source software is free. But this isn't the only important thing. First,
there is freedom from the software vendors. With open source software, an
organisation doesn't have to follow the software vendor's decisions. With
proprietary software the vendor controls software updates. For example, users can't
add features to proprietary software themselves but they can add features to open
source software. Also, with open source software companies have more control of
their data. Proprietary software often stores data in special ways that only the
vendor understands. So, when a company wants to change to another vendor's
software, moving the data to the new software can be very difficult. Sometimes
people worry about open source operating systems. They think that their favourite
software won't run on open source operating systems. However, this isn't true
because there is a lot of office software, such as word processors and spreadsheets,
for open source operating systems.
4 A system software aids the user and the hardware to function and interact
with each other. Basically, it is a software to manage computer hardware
behavior so as to provide basic functionalities that are required by the user.
When you first turn on the computer, it is the system software that gets
initialized and gets loaded in the memory of the system. The system software
runs in the background and is not used by the end-users. This is the reason why
system software is also known as ‘low-level software’.
Some common system software examples are operating systems: Although each
Operating System is different, most of them provide a Graphical User Interface
through which a user can manage the files and folders and perform other tasks.
It is important to consider the hardware specifications before choosing an
operating system.
Device Drivers are a type of software that controls particular hardware which is
attached to the system. Hardware devices that need a driver to connect to a
system include displays, sound cards, printers, mice and hard disks.
5 A network is simply two or more computers linked together. It allows users to
share not only data files and software applications, but also hardware like
printers and other computer resources such as fax. Networks increase
productivity by allowing workers to share information easily without printing,
copying, telephoning, or posting. They also save money by sharing peripherals
such as printers.
Wireless networks have limited range. Network range depends on the type of
802.11 protocol, strength of the device transmitter and the architecture of the
surrounding area. Some structures, such as walls and metal frames, reduce the
range of a WLAN by 25%. However, users can extend the range of a WLAN.
Repeaters forward the wireless signal to access points or routers and increase
the range of a network.
Bandwidth and latency are the measures of computer network speed, or data
transfer rate. Bandwidth is the maximum throughput of data in bits per second.
Latency is the delay that network creates during the transfer data. Users have
no, or very little, control over bandwidth and latency.
6 Application Software, also known as end-user programs or productivity
programs are software that helps the user in completing tasks such as doing
online research, setting an alarm, designing graphics, keeping an account log,
doing calculations or even playing games. They lie above the system software.
Unlike system software, they are used by the end-user and are specific in their
functionality or tasks and do the job that they are designed to do. For example,
a browser is an application designed specifically for browsing the internet or
MS Powerpoint is an application used specifically for making presentations.
Application Software or simply apps can also be referred to as non-essential
software as their requirement is highly subjective and their absence does not
affect the functioning of the system. All the apps that we see on our mobile
phones are also examples of Application Software.
There are various types of application software. Word Processors applications
are for documentation. Database Software is used to create and manage a
database. It is also known as the Database Management System or DBMS. They
help with the organization of data.
7 Computers were not always things you could carry around with you, or even
have in your bedroom. Sixty years ago, computers ( such as ENIAC ) were as
big as entire apartments. They were difficult to use and not very powerful by
today's standards. They also cost a lot of money to build and operate. So
computers were only used by large organizations such as governments,
international corporations, and universities.
Throughout the 1950s and 1960s, computers captured the public's imagination
in literature, films, and TV. More and more companies wanted computers, even
if they didn't always have a good reason to own one. As a result, computers
gradually became smaller, cheaper, and more practical to own. This was thanks
in part to companies like IBM, which mass-produced computers for the first
time and promoted them to medium and large businesses to do things like
accounting.
In the 1970s and 1980s a new type of computer started to gain in popularity. It
was called the PC or personal computer. For the first time in history, computers
were now for everyone. The PC started a revolution which affects nearly
everything we do today.
8 Computer technology grows rapidly. The capacity of data storage is no
exception. Hard drives and storage devices improve all the time. Early computers
relied on magnetic tape. Developers soon replaced these with more efficient floppy
disks. However, these still had limited space. For a while, Zip drives were a larger-
capacity solution. Then CDs came along. These lightweight, inexpensive devices
are easy to store and discard. DVDS have similar benefits, and hold much more
data. However, erasing and reprogramming these devices is often unreliable.
Today, we have compact flash memory. Tiny flash drives hold more information
than earlier devices, including DVDS. Unlike most DVDS and CDs, flash drives
are easily erasable.
9 Displays, often called monitors or screens, are the most-used output device on a
computer. They provide instant feedback by showing you text and graphic images
as you work or play.
Most desktop displays use Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) or Cathode Ray Tube
(CRT) technology, while nearly all portable computing devices, such as laptops,
incorporate LCDs. Because of their slimmer design and lower energy
consumption, LCD monitors (also called flat panel or flat screen displays) are
replacing CRTs.
Resolution refers to the number of dots of colour, known as pixels (picture
elements), contained in a display. It is expressed by identifying the number of
pixels on the horizontal and vertical exes. A typical resolution is 1024x768.
Two measurements describe the size of your display: the aspect ratio and the
screen size. Historically, computer displays, like most televisions, have had an
aspect ratio of 4:3 – the width of the screen to the height is four to three
10 Printing is the final stage in creating a document. Since the results you can
obtain with different types of printer will vary substantially, here is a guide to help
you decide which one is most suitable for your needs.
To begin with, you should take into account that printers vary in cost, speed, print
quality, and other factors such as noise or printing method. Technology is evolving
so quickly that there is always a printer for every application or need.
Dot-matrix printers use pins to print the dots required to shape a character. They
can print text and graphics; however, they produce relatively low resolution output
- 72 to 180 dots per inch (dpi). They are used to print multi-part forms, self-
copying paper and continuous-form labels. They are slower than laser printers (see
below) but much cheaper. Inkjet printers operate by projecting small ink droplets
onto paper to form the required image. Colour and hues are created by the precise
mixing of cyan, magenta, yellow and black inks.
11 A mouse allows you to control the cursor and move around the screen very
quickly. Making the same movements with the arrow keys on the keyboard would
take much longer. As you move the mouse on your desk, the pointer on the screen
moves in the same direction. The pointer usually looks like an I-bar, an arrow or a
pointing hand, depending on what you are doing.
A mouse has one or more buttons to communicate with the computer. For
example, if you want to place the insertion point or choose a menu option, you just
click (press and release) on the mouse button, and the option is chosen.
The mouse is used to select text and items on the screen. You can highlight text to
be deleted, copied or edited in some way.
The mouse is widely used in graphics and design. When you want to move an
image, you position the pointer on the object you want to move, press the mouse
button, and drag the image to a new location on the screen. Similarly, the mouse is
used to change the shape of a graphic object. For example, if you want to convert a
square into a rectangle, you grab one corner of the square and stretch it into a
rectangle.
12 A computer is an electronic machine which can accept data in a certain
form, process the data, and give the results of the processing in a specified
format as information.
First, data is fed into the computer's memory. Then, when the program is run,
the computer performs a set of instructions and processes the data. Finally, we
can see the results (the output) on the screen or in printed form.
A computer system consists of two parts: hardware and software. Hardware is
any electronic or mechanical part you can see or touch. Software is a set of
instructions, called a program, which tells the computer what to do. There are
three basic hardware sections: the central processing unit (CPU), main memory
and peripherals. Perhaps the most influential component is the central
processing unit. Its function is to execute program instructions and coordinate
the activities of all the other units. In a way, it is the 'brain' of the computer. The
main memory (a collection of RAM chips) holds the instructions and data
which are being processed by the CPU. Peripherals are the physical units
attached to the computer. They include storage devices and input/ output
devices.
17 I’m looking for a new job. Currently I am responsible for selling insurance to new customers and
because I’m a very competitive person, I meet and sometimes exceed my monthly sales targets.
However, I don’t enjoy selling directly to customers anymore and am going to apply for a job as a
Customer Services Manager. I’ve gained a lot of experience over the last year working here and feel that
the skills I’ve acquired will transfer well to customer services. My boss says that I come across well on the
phone and that customers respond positively to me. My greatest strength is sorting out problems quickly
and ensuring that the client is happy with what they have bought. When I was at university I did a six-
month internship with a major retailer and I would like to find a job in retail now. I worked on my CV over
the weekend and I think that it will stand out from those of other jobseekers when I send it to potential
employers.
16 It can be quite scary when it comes to marketing yourself. Although you may have had careers
advice, this probably focused on which Career is most suited to your skills and qualities rather than on
the practicalities of looking for a job. However, you will be pleased to know there are several useful tips
for jobseekers to help them get that all-important position.
First of all, you will need to search online newspapers and job sites for Suitable openings. When you find
a position to apply for, you have to mould your experience to fit the job description. Many people don't
get “interviews because their curriculum vitae is not directly relevant to the - job. Play up the skills you
have that are needed for the job.
Find out as much as you can about the company you are applying to. Look at their website and find out
more about what the company does and the current issues it is facing. If you know someone who
already works for the company, ask how they feel about their job.
15 It can be quite scary when it comes to marketing yourself. Although you may have had careers
advice, this probably focused on which Career is most suited to your skills and qualities rather than on
the practicalities of looking for a job. However, you will be pleased to know there are several useful tips
for jobseekers to help them get that all-important position.
Think about the questions you could ask in your interview. Interviewees are always asked if they have
any questions and these should not just be about pay and holidays. You need to show that you are eager
to work for that company in particular and are interested in it. Your questions should demonstrate that
you have thought about your interview. This will impress the interviewers who will look more favourably
on you than on other candidates for the job who are not as well prepared. You need to stand out from
all the other applicants.
Don't lie. Employers will check. These days they may even look at social media accounts. You might want
to delete anything they might consider inappropriate. Don't neglect to do this.
14 The grades a student gets at university do not really show how good they will be at their job. ‘That is
partly because the grade could be the result of one of two very different things. A high mark might mean
the person is very bright; a low mark might mean the person is, well, not so bright.
Equally, it could mean they spent their student years working very hard (or just being lazy). But even if
an employer knew why a student got a high grade or a low one, it wouldn't be particularly useful. This is
because academic intelligence doesn't necessarily lead to career success. I'm often surprised that some
of the most intelligent people know are not very good at their jobs, and some of them even seem rather
stupid professionally.
Even if the grade reflected hard work (or lack of it) that still doesn't prove that the person would
continue to work really hard when they are in paid employment. Most of us work much harder at some
points in our lives than at others. I know lots of people who were lazy university students but have been
exceptionally hard-working ever since.
13 A couple of years ago, I did a test of my Financial Times colleagues: I tried to guess the class of degree
they had received. I know most of those colleagues very well, but I was really bad at guessing who got
what grade. Besides, there was not necessarily a link between the best degrees and the finest
journalists.
‘Yet, despite all this, I don't think that the question is quite as idiotic as you evidently do. Or at least
don’t think it is as idiotic as the other questions that were probably on the form.
I bet they asked you to describe situations in which you showed leadership. Or maybe they asked ‘you
about ‘creativity’, so you had to talk and talk using a lot of big words but not really saying anything
meaningful.
At least a grade is a fact, and employers can do with it whatever they choose. It's possible that they
didn’t want to hear that you got a top degree at all. A couple of years ago the scientist Lord Winston
announced that he only hired job applicants with 2.1s (upper second-class degrees). Anyone who did
better than that, he reasoned, hadn't spent enough time at university becoming the sort of interesting,
curious person he was looking for.
As an aside, itis obvious from your question that you didn't get a first-class degree (neither did 1). ‘In my
experience, the people who did are more than happy to tell employers — or anyone at all — forever and
ever, just how well they did.
ИНСТРУКЦИЯ
Время подготовки – 15 минут
Студенты имеют право пользоваться черновиком и словарем. Запрещается использование любых
электронных средств.
Дифференцированный зачет состоит из двух заданий:
Задание 1 Текст (проверка навыков чтения текста и понимания содержания прочитанного).
Студенты читают и переводят текст (устно).
Задание 2 Сообщение по теме (проверка навыка составления связного текста и говорения):
Студенты делают устное сообщение по теме (10 - 15 предложений). Преподаватель имеет право
задавать вопросы.
КРИТЕРИЙ ОЦЕНКИ
Задание 1
Чтение текста: 0-5 баллов
Перевод текста: 0-5 баллов
Задание 2
Оценка выставляется по следующим критериям:
- Грамматика (0-5 баллов)
- Разнообразие лексических и конструктивных единиц в сообщении (0-5 баллов)
- Соответствие заданной теме, устное сообщение, ответы на вопросы (0-5 баллов)
Максимальное количество баллов – 25.
Успешность выполнения работы определяется исходя из следующего соответствия:
«5» (отлично) 23 – 25 баллов
«4» (хорошо) 18 – 22 балла
«3» (удовлетворительно) 13 – 17 баллов
«2» (неудовлетворительно) 12 и менее баллов
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ
1 вопрос: Read the text and translate it.
I’m looking for a new job. Currently I am responsible for selling insurance to new customers and because
I’m a very competitive person, I meet and sometimes exceed my monthly sales targets. However, I don’t
enjoy selling directly to customers anymore and am going to apply for a job as a Customer Services
Manager. I’ve gained a lot of experience over the last year working here and feel that the skills I’ve
acquired will transfer well to customer services. My boss says that I come across well on the phone and
that customers respond positively to me. My greatest strength is sorting out problems quickly and
ensuring that the client is happy with what they have bought. When I was at university I did a six-month
internship with a major retailer and I would like to find a job in retail now. I worked on my CV over the
weekend and I think that it will stand out from those of other jobseekers when I send it to potential
employers.
2 вопрос: Give a talk about trends in IT (10-15 sentences).
Present the trend
Explain how it works
What it is used for
