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This document contains 6 questions about differential equations. Question 1 has parts about solving separable and exact differential equations. Question 2 covers Bernoulli differential equations. Question 3 is about using undetermined coefficients and variation of parameters to solve differential equations. Question 4 involves Newton's law of cooling and Laplace transforms. Question 5 uses Laplace transforms to solve differential equations. Question 6 involves series solutions to differential equations and the gamma function.

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Lusako Mwaijande
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66 views7 pages

20085328

This document contains 6 questions about differential equations. Question 1 has parts about solving separable and exact differential equations. Question 2 covers Bernoulli differential equations. Question 3 is about using undetermined coefficients and variation of parameters to solve differential equations. Question 4 involves Newton's law of cooling and Laplace transforms. Question 5 uses Laplace transforms to solve differential equations. Question 6 involves series solutions to differential equations and the gamma function.

Uploaded by

Lusako Mwaijande
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

Question 1 (15 marks)

a) Solve the following separable differential equation:


dy √
= y(1 + ex ).
dx
b) Consider the differential equation:
(y − 12x2 y 2 )dx + (3x − 16x3 y)dy = 0.
Show that this differential equation is not exact
c) Find a suitable integrating factor R, and hence find the solution of the differential equa-
tion in 1b subject to the initial value problem y(2) = 1.

Question 2 (20 marks)


a) Consider the following Bernoulli differential equation
dy 1
+ y = 3y 3 .
dx x
(i) Find its general solution.
(ii) Find the solution that satisfies the initial condition
1
y(1) = .
3
b) Show that the differential equation
dy y
x = xe− x + y
dx
can be put into the form
dy y
=f .
dx x
c) Solve the equation from 2b as a homogeneous equation.

Question 3 (15 marks)


a) Use the method of undetermined coefficients to solve the differential equation:
y 00 + 2y 0 − 3y = 8ex − 18x.

b) Redo part a) using the D−operator method.


c) Find a particular solution, yp , for the differential equation in part a) using the method
of variation of parameters.

Session 1, 20XX - MTH220 Page 2 of 8 pages


Question 4 (15 marks)
a) Newton’s law of cooling of a body states that the rate of cooling is proportional to the
difference between the body’s temperature and the temperature of the surrounds.

(i) Write the Newton law of cooling as the differential equation. State the quantities
present in the equation explicitly.
(ii) Determine the temperature of the body after 3hrs given that its initial temperature
is 170◦ C and drop to 105◦ C in 45 minutes. Assume the temperature of the
surrounds is 40◦ C.

b) The Laplace transform of f (t) = 6e−3t − t2 + 2t − 8 gives

−2s3 − 22s2 + 4s − 6
F (s) = .
s3 (s + 3)

Find f (t) is its Laplace transform is given by

−2s3 − 22s2 + 4s − 6
F (s) = ?
s4 (s + 3)

Question 5 (15 marks)


a) Consider the following differential equation

y 00 − 4y 0 + 4y = 2e2t + cos t, y(0) = 1, y 0 (0) = −1.

(i) Use Laplace transforms to determine Y (s), the Laplace transform of y(t) for the
differential equation. Do not try to simplify Y (s) by using partial fractions.
(ii) Using partial fractions, a more simplified form of Y(s) from part (i). can be found
to be
22/25 13/5 2 3 s 4 1
− 2
+ 3
+ − .
s−2 (s − 2) (s − 2) 25 s + 1 25 s2 + 1
2

Use this result to obtain y(t), the solution of the differential equation.

b) Consider the differential equation

6x2 y 00 + xy 0 + (x + 1)y = 0.

(i) Classify the singular points of this differential equation.


(ii) Determine the indicial equation for the differential equation. What form would you
expect the series solution to have?

Session 1, 20XX - MTH220 Page 3 of 8 pages


Question 6 (20 marks)
a) A certain second order differential equation with no singular points yields the following
recurrence relation for a series solution:
1
an+2 = an .
2(n + 2)

(i) Determine the general coefficient form in the even series expansion
P∞ for 2n the solution.
Hint: you want to find the general form of a2n in the series n=0 a2n x
(ii) Use your result from part (i). to write out the first 3 terms of the even series solution
for the DE.
 √
b) Evaluate Γ − 32 using the multiplication formula and the fact that Γ 21 = π.


Session 1, 20XX - MTH220 Page 4 of 8 pages


Formula sheet
Z ∞
Gamma Function: Γ(x) = e−t tx−1 dt for x > 0
0

Gamma Function recurrence relation: xΓ(x) = Γ(x + 1)

Session 1, 20XX - MTH220 Page 5 of 8 pages


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