This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles

for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Designation: C1141/C1141M − 15

Standard Specification for

Admixtures for Shotcrete1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1141/C1141M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

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1. Scope* Ash or Natural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-Cement
1.1 This specification covers materials proposed for use as Concrete
C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for

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admixtures to be added to a portland-cement shotcrete mixture
Concrete

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for the purpose of altering the properties of the mixture.
C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete

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are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in C979/C979M Specification for Pigments for Integrally Col-
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each ored Concrete
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining C989/C989M Specification for Slag Cement for Use in

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values from the two systems may result in non-conformance Concrete and Mortars
with the standard.

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C1240 Specification for Silica Fume Used in Cementitious
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the Mixtures
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the C1438 Specification for Latex and Powder Polymer Modi-

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responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- fiers for use in Hydraulic Cement Concrete and Mortar
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- D98 Specification for Calcium Chloride
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2.2 ACI Documents:
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318 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete3
2. Referenced Documents
3. Terminology
2.1 ASTM Standards:2
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C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag- 3.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to
Terminology C125.
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gregates
C136/C136M Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and
4. Classification
Coarse Aggregates
4.1 This specification recognizes grades of admixtures, used
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C138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield,

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and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete in shotcrete made by either of two processes, as follows:
C173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed 4.1.1 Type I—Dry mix shotcrete.
Concrete by the Volumetric Method 4.1.1.1 Grade 1—Accelerating admixture.
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C183/C183M Practice for Sampling and the Amount of 4.1.1.2 Grade 2—Retarding admixture.
Testing of Hydraulic Cement 4.1.1.3 Grade 3—Pozzolanic admixture.
C231/C231M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed 4.1.1.4 Grade 4—Metallic iron admixture.
Concrete by the Pressure Method 4.1.1.5 Grade 5—Coloring admixture.
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C260/C260M Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures 4.1.1.6 Grade 6—Organic polymer admixture.
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for Concrete 4.1.1.7 Grade 7—Not applicable.

C311/C311M Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly 4.1.1.8 Grade 8—Not applicable.
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4.1.2 Type II—Wet-mix shotcrete.

4.1.2.1 Grade 1—Accelerating admixture.
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This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on 4.1.2.2 Grade 2—Retarding admixture.
Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee 4.1.2.3 Grade 3—Pozzolanic admixture.
C09.46 on Shotcrete. 4.1.2.4 Grade 4—Metallic iron admixture.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2015. Published February 2016. Originally
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C1141/C1141M – 08. 4.1.2.5 Grade 5—Coloring admixture.
DOI: 10.1520/C1141_C1141M-15. 4.1.2.6 Grade 6—Organic polymer admixture.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington
the ASTM website. Hills, MI 48333-9094, http://www.concrete.org.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

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 C1141/C1141M − 15
4.1.2.7 Grade 7—Water reducing admixture. the request of the purchaser, the manufacturer shall recommend
4.1.2.8 Grade 8—Air-entraining admixture. appropriate test procedures, such as infrared
4.1.3 Each of the above grades is further classified by spectrophotometry, pH value, and solids content, for establish-
identifying it according to the following classes: ing the equivalence of material from different lots or different
4.1.3.1 Class A—Liquid. portions of the same lot.
4.1.3.2 Class B—Non-liquid. 6.4 At the request of the purchaser, the manufacturer shall
5. Ordering Information state in writing the chloride content of the admixture.
5.1 The purchaser shall include the following information in NOTE 1—Ultraviolet absorption of solutions and infrared spectroscopy
of dried residues have been found to be valuable for these purposes. The
the contract or purchase order, if applicable: specific procedures to be employed and the criteria to establish equiva-
5.1.1 The specification designation and date of issue,

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lence should be stipulated with due regard to the composition and

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5.1.2 Type of shotcrete, grade and class of admixture, properties of the sample.
5.1.3 Quantity of admixture required, NOTE 2—Admixtures containing relatively large amounts of chloride
5.1.4 Special packaging and package marking requirements, ions may make embedded metals susceptible to corrosion when moisture

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and oxygen are present in hardened shotcrete.
5.1.5 Special sampling for inspection requirements, and

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5.1.6 Any supplementary requirements.
7. Sampling

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6. Requirements 7.1 Access shall be provided to the purchaser for sampling,
6.1 Shotcrete admixtures shall conform to the requirements either at the point of manufacture, or at the site of the work, as
for the applicable type and grade as given in Table 1. may be specified by the purchaser.

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6.2 At the request of the purchaser, the manufacturer shall 7.2 Samples shall be either grab or composite samples, as

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state in writing that the admixture supplied is essentially specified or required by this specification. A grab sample is one
identical in concentration, composition, and performance to the secured in a single operation. A composite sample is one
admixture previously tested under this specification and found obtained by combining three or more grab samples.

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to comply with the applicable requirements thereof. 7.3 The sample size for each class of admixture shall be as
6.3 Requirements for establishing compositional or chemi- follows:
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cal equivalence of a lot or of a subsequent lot relative to a 7.3.1 Class A Liquid Admixtures:
previous lot that was subjected to quality tests and found to 7.3.1.1 Liquid admixtures shall be agitated thoroughly im-
comply with the applicable requirements may be determined mediately prior to sampling. Individual grab samples shall
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by agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer. At represent not more than 9500 L [2500 gal] of admixture and
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TABLE 1 Shotcrete Admixture Requirements

Type I—Dry-Mix Shotcrete
Grade Admixture ASTM Standard Other Limits
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1 Accelerating D98, C494/C494M Type C or E

2 Retarding C494/C494M Type B or D
3 Pozzolanic C618, C989/C989M, C1240
4 Metallic iron Not established The metallic particles shall be ground iron free from rust, oil, foreign materials,
and nonferrous metal particles. The grading of the metallic aggregates shall be
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as follows when tested according to C136/C136M:

U.S. Sieve No.A %Passing
4.75 mm (No. 4) 100
2.36 mm (No. 8) 90–100
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1.18 mm (No. 16) 70–85

600 µm (No. 30) 20–35
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300 µm (No. 50) 0–10

150 µm (No. 100) 0–5
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5 Coloring C979/C979M Even when using materials conforming to C979/C979M, it may be difficult to ob-
tain uniformity of coloring because of the placement procedures in dry-mix shot-
creting.
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6 Organic Polymer C1438

Type II—Wet-Mix Shotcrete
Grade Admixture ASTM Standard Other Limits
1 Accelerating D98, C494/C494M Types C or
E
2 Retarding C494/C494M, Type B, D or G
3 Pozzolanic C618, C989/C989M, C1240
4 Metallic iron Not established See Type I, Grade 4
5 Coloring C979/C979M
6 Organic Polymer C1438
7 Water reducing C494/C494M, Types A, D, E, F,
or G
8 Air-entraining C260/C260M
A
The sieve designations in parentheses are provided for information only; the only standard sieve sizes are those stated in SI units.

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 C1141/C1141M − 15
shall have a volume of at least 1 L [1 qt]. A minimum of four 11. Rejection
grab samples shall be taken from different locations well 11.1 The shotcrete admixture may be rejected if it fails to
distributed throughout the quantity to be represented. Compos- meet any of the applicable requirements of this specification.
ite samples shall be prepared by thoroughly mixing the selected See Table 1.
grab samples, and the resultant mixture sampled to provide at
least 4 L [1 gal] for testing. 11.2 An admixture stored at the point of manufacturer for
7.3.1.2 Admixtures in bulk storage tanks shall be sampled more than six months prior to shipment or an admixture in
equally from the upper, intermediate, and lower levels by local storage by a vendor for more than six months after
means of drain cocks in the sides of the tanks, or a weighted completion of tests, may be retested before use and may be
sampling bottle fitted with a stopper that can be removed after rejected if it fails to conform to any of the applicable
the bottle is lowered to the desired depth. requirements of this specification.

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7.3.1.3 Samples shall be packaged in impermeable, airtight 11.3 Packages or containers varying more than 2 % from the
containers which are resistant to attack by the admixture. specified weight or volume shall be rejected. If the average
7.3.2 Class B Non-liquid Admixtures: weight or volume of 50 packages taken at random is less than

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7.3.2.1 Individual grab samples (except pozzolanic) shall that specified, the entire shipment shall be rejected.

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not represent more than 2 Mg [2 tons] of admixture and shall 11.4 When the admixture is to be used in non-air-entrained
weigh at least 1 kg [2 lb]. A minimum of four grab samples wet-mix shotcrete, it shall be rejected if the tested shotcrete

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shall be taken from different locations well distributed through- containing the admixture has an air content greater than 5 %.
out the quantity to be represented. Composite samples shall be When the admixture is to be used in air-entrained wet-mix
prepared by thoroughly mixing the selected grab samples, and shotcrete, it shall be rejected if the tested shotcrete containing

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the resultant mixture sampled to provide at least 2.2 kg [5 lb] the admixture has an air content greater than 12 % or less than
for testing. Grading of composite samples shall be determined

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5 %. The air content shall be determined on a sample taken
for each 2 Mg [2 tons] of Grade 4 metallic iron admixtures prior to shooting in accordance with either of Test Methods
shipped. C138/C138M, C173/C173M or C231/C231M.
7.3.2.2 Pozzolanic admixtures shall be sampled and tested

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in accordance with the requirements established in Test Meth- 11.5 Rejection and reason(s) for rejection shall be reported
ods C311/C311M. to the producer or supplier promptly in writing.
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7.3.2.3 Samples of packaged admixtures shall be obtained
by means of a tube sampler as described in Practice C183/ 12. Certification
C183M. 12.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract, a
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7.3.2.4 When recommended by the manufacturer, the entire certificate shall be furnished to the purchaser that the material
sample of an admixture shall be dissolved in water prior to has been tested in accordance with this specification and found
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testing. to meet the requirements. When specified in the purchase order

7.3.2.5 Samples shall be packaged in moisture-proof, air- or contract, a report of test results on samples taken from
tight containers. material shipped shall be furnished. The test report requested in
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accordance with the purchase order shall be furnished within

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8. Number of Tests and Retests 60 days after shipment of the order.

8.1 The number of tests and retests to be performed on
specified materials shall be the number stipulated in the 13. Product Marking
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referenced ASTM standard. 13.1 When the admixture is delivered in packages or

9. Specimen Preparation containers, the proprietary name of the admixture, the type,
grade, and class under this specification, and the net weight or
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9.1 The specimens for tests shall be prepared as required by volume shall be plainly marked thereon. Similar information
the particular test method referenced by the ASTM specifica-
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shall be provided in the shipping paper accompanying pack-

tion relating to the particular admixture. aged or bulk materials.
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NOTE 3—It is recommended that, whenever practicable, tests with the

admixture be made using all of the ingredients of the shotcrete proposed 14. Supplementary Requirements
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for the specified work, because the effect produced by the admixture may 14.1 Supplementary requirements may be specified by the
vary with the properties of the other ingredients of the concrete.
purchaser and apply only when they appear separately on the
10. Inspection purchase contract or order.
10.1 Inspection of the material shall be agreed upon be- 14.2 Quality assurance requirements shall be specified in
tween the purchaser and supplier as part of the purchase the purchase contract or order with a reference to a pertinent
contract. document agreed upon by the supplier and purchaser.

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 C1141/C1141M − 15
SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee C09 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
C1141 – 08, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved Dec. 1, 2015.)

(1) Deleted withdrawn standard, Test Method C1398, from (2) Updated designations of referenced documents that have
Section 2 and removed citations to C1398 from the text. changed from single to dual-designation.

ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned
in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.

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