THE IMPACT OF EDUCATION IN THE MORAL DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS VIS-A-VIS STELLA MARIS

COLLEGE VALUES
EKEMEZIE, Mmesoma

INTRODUCTION
Education, as stated by Schon (1983), is a fundamental necessity and a universal human right
inherent to all individuals by virtue of their humanity. Every child has an inherent need for
schooling, as schools are perceived as the primary institutions for imparting education—a vital
process in contemporary life. This remains true even in the digital era, where globalization and
the pervasive influence of information communication technology underscore the importance of
education. Therefore, education is recognized as the gateway to accessing knowledge and serves
as a crucial indicator of development.
The value of education is of interest for the contemporary society. Education has a positive
impact on the wellbeing of children and this can be differentiated according to the value scheme
in which the child has been educated. Values and moral principles not only guide us but they can
inspire us by giving us energy to do something meaningful.
‘Effective School’ aims to increase and guarantee quality of teaching-learning process and of the
institution through teamwork and collaboration of the leadership culture of creating a school
climate in developing the values of democratic citizenships of cooperation. The values of the old
mean wisdom, order, harmony, rationality but also a sharp Christian thread which includes:
justice, humility, mercy, temperance, forgiveness, peace, gentleness and goodness and these are
learned and transmitted both in the family and at school.
THE IMPACT OF EDUCATION IN THE MORAL DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENT
The impact of education on the moral development of secondary students is significant, as
schools play a crucial role in shaping students' values, ethics, and sense of right and wrong. Here
are several ways in which education influences moral development:
1. Ethical Instructions and Curriculum:
Schools often incorporate moral and ethical education into their curriculum through subjects
such as social studies, civics, religious studies, and character education programs. These subjects
teach students about moral principles, ethical decision-making and societal values, providing
them with a foundation for understanding and navigating moral issues.
Education serves as a powerful catalyst for moral development, providing students with the
knowledge, tools, and opportunities to cultivate their ethical compass. As Nelson Mandela
(2003) eloquently stated, "Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change
the world." Through a well-rounded curriculum that integrates moral education, secondary
schools lay the foundation for students to navigate ethical dilemmas, make principled decisions,
and contribute positively to society. Stella Maris College, Port Harcourt as a Catholic School
places premium on the moral upbringing of the

2. Role Modeling by Educators:

Educators serve as role models for students and can positively influence their moral
development through their actions, behavior, and interactions with students. Teachers who
demonstrate honesty, integrity, empathy, and respect can inspire students to emulate these virtues
and develop their own moral compass.

3. Cultivation of Empathy and Compassion:

Central to moral development is the cultivation of empathy and compassion. Education exposes
students to diverse perspectives, cultures, and experiences, fostering empathy for others and a
sense of shared humanity. Martin Luther King Jr. (1947) emphasized this, stating, "The function
of education is to teach one to think intensively and to think critically. Intelligence plus character
- that is the goal of true education." By engaging in literature, history, and social studies,
students develop empathy for those who are different from themselves, thereby fostering a more
inclusive and empathetic society

4. Promotion of Critical Thinking and Ethical Reasoning:

Education nurtures critical thinking skills essential for ethical decision-making. Through
discussions, debates, and ethical inquiries, students learn to analyze moral dilemmas, evaluate
consequences, and discern right from wrong. John Dewey emphasized the role of education in
life itself, stating, "Education is not preparation for life; education is life itself." By fostering
critical thinking and ethical reasoning, schools empower students to become responsible citizens
capable of making informed and ethical choices. According to Malcom X (1964) "Education is
the passport to the future, for tomorrow belongs to those who prepare for it today."

5. Opportunities for Moral Reflection and Dialogue:

Schools provide opportunities for students to engage in moral reflection, dialogue, and ethical
discourse. Classroom discussions, group activities, and extracurricular programs allow students
to explore ethical issues, debate moral dilemmas, and develop their own moral beliefs and values
in a supportive and inclusive environment

6. Character Education and Values Integration:

Character education programs and values integration initiatives play a pivotal role in shaping
students' moral development. Herbert Spencer (1861) noted, "The great aim of education is not
knowledge but action." Schools instill virtues such as honesty, integrity, respect, and
responsibility through explicit instruction and modeling by educators. By integrating these
values into the curriculum and school culture, educators nurture the character traits necessary for
ethical citizenship and leadership.
7. Community Service and Civic Engagement:
Education encourages students to participate in community service and civic engagement
activities, fostering a sense of social responsibility and altruism. George Washington Carver
aptly stated, "Education is the key to unlock the golden door of freedom." Through service-
learning projects, volunteerism, and participation in community events, students learn the
importance of giving back to their communities and making a positive impact on the world
around them.

8. Parental and Family Involvement:

Family involvement is essential in supporting students' moral development. Steve Jobs (2011)
emphasized the importance of passion in education, stating, "The only way to do great work is to
love what you do." Schools collaborate with parents and families to reinforce moral values,
promote open communication, and provide guidance and support. By partnering with families,
schools create a cohesive ecosystem that nurtures students' moral growth both at home and in the
classroom
According to Ryan and Deci (2000) students are more motivated and stay motivated driven by
intrinsic rewards such as constructive criticism than extrinsic rewards such as good grades
because the intrinsic rewards give more satisfaction than the extrinsic rewards. Moral education
which targets intrinsic aims at rewards, promoting students’ moral development and character
formation.
According to Piaget (1932), moral education encompasses more than merely imparting rules and
punishments; it also entails comprehending and internalizing moral values. Education helps
students recognize the difference between right and wrong. At each stage of moral development,
a person uses different reasoning for making certain moral choices. Berkowitz (2012) argues that
moral education significantly shapes individuals' character, particularly children, leading them to
develop more positive behavior and traits when exposed to moral education from an early age
Students are encouraged to rationally reflect on variety of factors they are exposed to. This
rational reflection helps children to make independent, rational and informed moral decisions
and construct their own developing framework of moral values. Moral values also develop
students’ values essential for their development such as integrity, honesty, courage and
compassion. These values make them confident to deal with challenges and navigate life
especially during difficult times.
Education plays a crucial role in shaping moral values and improving one’s character. This helps
individuals develop good morals and make ethical choices by drawing them toward goodness
and away from evil. Morality is necessary alongside knowledge as it guides individuals in using
their knowledge for the greater good.
Education is the main measure of human development, it plays a broader role beyond just
economic growth, it shapes our moral, social and cultural creativity. Education has the power to
build a fair, just and equitable society by instilling essential values and ethics that will guide
individuals all through their lives. Education serves as a fundamental institution that plays on
essential role in shaping human beings mind and behaviour.
CONCLUSION
Education serves as a beacon of hope and opportunity, empowering secondary school students to
become morally responsible individuals capable of making meaningful contributions to society.
As educators, policymakers, and stakeholders, it is imperative that we prioritize moral education
and character development in our schools. By equipping students with the knowledge, skills, and
values needed to navigate life's ethical complexities, we can foster a more just, compassionate,
and harmonious world for generations to come. Reiterating Dewey’s thought that, “all education
is, and should be, is moral education”, if schools embrace education for moral development, we
will be investing in the most precious resource, we can have responsible and moral adult citizens
of our society. Parents also need to join them in this critical endeavor both by partnering with the
school and by parenting for moral development at home.
REFERENCES
1. Berkowitz, M. W. (2012). Character Education: A Brief History and Impact Evaluation. In
Handbook of Moral and Character Education, 3–27.
2. Carver, G. W. George Washington Carver Quotes. Retrieved from www.brainyquotes.com
3. Dewey, J. (1916). Democracy and Education: An Introduction to the Philosophy of
Education. Macmillan Press
4. Jobs, S. (2011). Steve Jobs. Simon & Schuster.
5. King Jr., M. L. (1947). The Purpose of Education. Morehouse College Student Paper, The
Maroon Tiger
6. Malcolm X (1964). Malcolm X Speaks: Selected Speeches and Statements. Grove Press
7. Mandela, N. (2003). Long Walk to Freedom: The Autobiography of Nelson Mandela. Back
Bay Books
8. Piaget, J. (1932). The Moral Judgment of the Child. Routledge & Kegan Paul.
9. Ryan, R.M. and Deci, E.C. (2000). Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations: Classic Definitions
and New Directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25, 54-67.
10.Spencer, H. (1861). Education: Intellectual, Moral, and Physical. D. Appleton and
Company.

1. EKEMEZIE, Mmesoma JosephMary, is a JSS 2B student of SMC, PH