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Lab 10 Transistor Switch

The document describes a lab experiment on using transistors as switches. The objectives are to understand transistor operation in active, cutoff, and saturation modes and to turn on LEDs using NPN transistors and relays. The procedure involves building two circuits - one with a transistor turning on an LED and another using a transistor and relay to control two LEDs. Observations are recorded in tables.

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29 views4 pages

Lab 10 Transistor Switch

The document describes a lab experiment on using transistors as switches. The objectives are to understand transistor operation in active, cutoff, and saturation modes and to turn on LEDs using NPN transistors and relays. The procedure involves building two circuits - one with a transistor turning on an LED and another using a transistor and relay to control two LEDs. Observations are recorded in tables.

Uploaded by

kunwalsindhi405
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Electronic Engineering

Faculty of Engineering and Technology University


of Sindh, Jamshoro

Electronic Devices and Circuits (EE-123)

LAB # 10
Name: ____________________________________________________ Roll No: ___________________
Score ________________Signature of the Lab Tutor: ______________ Date:_______________________

___________________________________________________
Dr. Mudasir Ahmed Memon
Utilization of Teamwork Technical
Selection of Experimental Experimental Lab Safety
Lab Tools & During Lab cleanliness and 𝒔𝒄𝒐𝒓𝒆 = 𝟐
×𝐎𝐛𝐭𝐚𝐢𝐧ed marks
Equipment Data Collection Data Analysis Precautions
Calibration Task Organization 𝟑𝟓
(0 to 5) (0 to 5) (0 to 5) (0 to 5)
(0 to 5) (0 to 5) (0 to 5)

Object: To understand the operation of transistor as a switch

Equipment/Components:

1. Power supplies, Multimeter


2. NPN transistors, resistors, LED’s, Relay

1. Introduction [30 Minute]

Transistors is a three-layer, three-terminal semiconductor device, which is often used in signal


amplification and switching operations. As one of the significant electronic devices, the transistor has
found use in an enormous range of applications such as embedded systems, digital circuits and control
systems. In the transistor, the output characteristics possess the following three different regions and
shown in Fig 10.1.

1. Active region
2. Cut - off region
3. Saturation region
Department of Electronic Engineering
Faculty of Engineering and Technology University
of Sindh, Jamshoro

Electronic Devices and Circuits (EE-123)

Figure 10.1: Operating regions of Transistors


Active Mode

In this mode, the transistor is generally used as a current amplifier. The two junctions are differently
biased, the emitter-base junction is forward biased whereas the collector-base junction is reverse biased.
The current flows between emitter and collector and the amount of current flow are proportional to the
base current.

Cutoff Mode

In this mode, both collector-base junction and emitter-base junction are reverse biased. As both the PN
Junctions are reverse biased, there is almost no current flow except small leakage currents (usually in the
order of a few nano-amps or pico-amps). BJT in this mode is switched OFF and is essentially an open
circuit.
The cutoff region is primarily used in switching and digital logic circuits.

Saturation Mode

In this mode of operation, both the emitter-base and collector-base junctions are forward biased. Current
flows freely from collector to emitter with almost zero resistance. In this mode, the transistor is fully
switched ON and is essentially a close circuit. The saturation region is also primarily used in switching
and digital logic circuits.

Procedure [150
Minute]
A. Turn on the LED through NPN Transistor
Department of Electronic Engineering
Faculty of Engineering and Technology University
of Sindh, Jamshoro

Electronic Devices and Circuits (EE-123)

1. Make the circuit as shown in Fig 10.2


2. Press the Switch S1 and observe the LED response and write in Table 10.1. Table
10.1
Switch S1 LED 1
On
Off

Fig 10.2: Turn on the LED using NPN Transistor

B. Turn on the LED1 and LED 2 through NPN Transistor and relay

1. Make the circuit as shown in Figure 10.3


2. Press the Switch S1 and observe the LED1 and LED 2 response and write in Table 10.2.

Table 10.2
Switch S1 LED 1 LED 2
On
Off
Department of Electronic Engineering
Faculty of Engineering and Technology University
of Sindh, Jamshoro

Electronic Devices and Circuits (EE-123)

Fig. 10.3:Turn on the LED1/LED2 using NPN Transistor and relay

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