PROFESSIONAL USE OF SELF, ETHICS, the present moment while calmly

VALUES, AND PRINCIPLES OF CASEWORK acknowledging and accepting one's

feelings, thoughts, and bodily
THE USE OF SELF
sensations without judgement.
- in casework practice refers to the intentional Self-care - its intentional steps to
and thoughtful incorporation of the social prioritize and nurture one's own
worker's own experiences, values, and health and happiness.
emotions into their professional interactions
BENEFITS OF USING SELF IN CASEWORK
with clients. PRACTICE
DIFFERENT WAYS THAT SOCIAL WORKERS 1. IMPROVED RAPPORT: Building a stronger
CAN USE THEMSELVES IN CASEWORK connection with clients by being authentic
PRACTICE and understanding fosters a positive
relationship making the client
1. BUILDING RAPPORT: The social worker
comfortable.
uses their warmth, empathy, and
2. INCREASED UNDERSTANDING:
genuineness to build a trusting Incorporating personal experiences
relationship with the client enhances the social worker's knowledge,
2. CONVEYING UNDERSTANDING: The social enabling more effective assistance. It
worker uses their listening skills and their doesn't just allow social workers to
knowledge of human behavior to empathize but also get learnings from the
understand the client's situation. client
3. EMPOWERING THE CLIENT: The social 3. ENHANCED EMPOWERMENT: Utilizing
worker helps the client identify their personal insights can empower clients,
strengths and resources, and they providing inspiration and support for
encourage the client to take control of positive change.
4. INCREASED MOTIVATION: The authentic
their own life.
sharing of one's experiences can inspire
4. CHALLENGING THE CLIENT: The social
clients to persevere and embrace positive
worker may challenge the client's beliefs transformations.
or behaviors if they are not helpful or 5. DEEPER CONNECTION: Establishing a
healthy more profound and meaningful
connection between the worker and the
STRATEGIES FOR EFFECTIVE USE OF SELF
client, contributing to effective
1. PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT - is collaboration.
improving yourself through learning and
training to advance your career.
2. SUPERVISION AND CONSULTATION - is CHALLENGES OF USING SELF IN CASEWORK
about seeking advice from more PRACTICE:
experienced colleagues and supervisors.
3. SELF-REFLECTION - is the ability to witness 1. LIMITATION ISSUES: Over Reliance on
and evaluate our own cognitive, personal experiences may impact
emotional, and behavioral processes. professionalism, potentially hindering
4. MINDFULNESS AND SELF CARE - help objective decision-making.
social workers manage their own 2. SELF-AWARENESS: Maintaining a high level
emotional reactions and prevent burnout, of self-awareness is crucial to avoid personal
allowing them to be more present for biases or unfair judgments in professional
their clients. interactions.
Mindfulness - is a mental practice that
3. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS: Constantly
involves focusing one's awareness on considering ethical principles and moral
standards is essential to uphold the integrity 2. CONFLICTING LOYALTIES - social workers
of the work. encounter situations where their
obligations to different parties, such as
4. BOUNDARY ISSUES: Focusing too much on
personal experiences may lead to challenges clients, agencies, and the broader
in maintaining clear boundaries between the community, may conflict.
worker and the client. 3. MANIPULATION - when a caseworker
provides counseling to a client dealing
with substance abuse, this raises ethical
SOCIAL WORK ETHICS concerns about honesty and the potential
for manipulation.
 Ethics - it is the science of moral duty; it is 4. CULTURAL AND OTHER REALITIES - A
concerned with the science of ideal caseworker may encounter clients from
human character and deals with moral diverse cultural backgrounds.
principles, quality, or practice. (Red Book) Caseworkers must continually educate
 Professional Ethics - it is the system of themselves about different cultures to
ethical principles and rules of conduct ensure their actions are sensitive and
generally accepted by the members of a respectful.
professional group, based on the
philosophy, values, , and guiding VALUES OF SOCIAL WORK
principles of the profession.  Each person has the right to self-
fulfillment, deriving his inherent capacity
THE PURPOSE OF WRITTEN CODE and thrust toward that goal.
 Each person has the obligation, as
 It helps check abuses which can result member of society, to seek ways of self-
from the powers and privileges fulfillment that contribute to the common
accompanying the monopoly of power good.
enjoyed by a profession;  Society has the obligation to facilitate the
 It provides the community some self-fulfillment of the individual and the
protection against abuses by members of right to enrichment through the
the profession; contribution of its individual members
 It sets forth basic principles which serve
as guidelines to members of the FILIPINO VALUES
profession, and which are helpful in the 1. SOCIAL ACCEPTANCE - means being
socialization of future professionals; recognized and treated by others based
 It sets guidelines for relationships, if not on who you are and what you believe in.
specific duties of members to each other,  Two intermediate values:
to their clients, and to other groups;
 It is useful resource for the enrichment or a. Smooth Interpersonal Relationship
improvement of the professional (SIR) - “pakikisama”, Euphemism, and
curriculum the use of “go-between” or “tulay”.
b. “AMOR PROPIO” - Similar to “hiya” or
“sense of shame”
ETHICAL DILEMMAS 2. EMOTIONAL CLOSENESS AND SECURITY
 Believed to be facilitated through the
1. ADVOCACY - about standing up for the
following:
rights and needs of our clients, while also 1. Sacrificing individual interest for the
respecting their freedom to make their good of the family.
own choices. 2. older children sacrificing for the
younger sibling.
 3. And mothers, especially, making 5. INDIVIDUALIZATION OF CLIENTS - The
sacrifices for the family. recognition and understanding of each
client’s unique qualities and the
3. THE AUTHORITY VALUE - means the differential use of principles and methods
belief that families stay close and strong in assisting each toward a better
when someone in the family, usually the adjustment
figure of authority, like our father or 6. CONFIDENTIALITY - Provide the client's
mother, older siblings but most common protection, within the limits of the law
is the brother. from harm that might result from his
4. PERSONALISM - this value attaches major divulging information to the workers.
importance to the personal factor which 7. WORKER SELF-AWARENESS - Social work
guarantees intimacy, warmth and security is always conscious that her role is to
of kinship and friends in getting things make use of her professional relationship
done. with her client in a war that will enhance
5. UTANG NA LOOB - means dept of primarily the client's development rather
gratitude, It is granted when a transfer of than her own.
goods or services takes place between 8. CLIENT-WORKER RELATIONSHIP - It is a
two individuals belonging to two different professional and collaborative partnership
groups. between the client and the worker.
6. PATIENCE, SUFFERING AND ENDURANCE 9. PURPOSEFUL EXPRESSION OF FEELINGS -
– patience (pasensya) suffering (pagtitiis) Emphasizes the importance of creating a
endurance (tibay ng loob) with this three, safe and supportive where encourage you
before you gain happiness you will openly and honestly express their
experience these three, you will emotions.
experience challenges in life and you have 10. CONTROLLED EMOTIONAL
suffer, patience and endurance so that INVOLVEMENT - It implies professional
you’ll reach your goals in life. detachment. It means although the
worker must be sympathetic and
understanding, social worker must guard
PRINCIPLES OF SOCIAL WORK against becoming emotionally involved
with the client.
1. ACCEPTANCE - Recognize that people
have strengths, weaknesses, capacities, CASEWORK RELATIONSHIP,
and limitations CHARACTERISTICS, COMPONENTS, REALITIES,
2. NON-JUDGEMENTAL ATTITUDE - TRANSFERENCE, AND COUNTER –
Accepting and respecting individuals TRANSFERENCE
without passing moral or personal
judgement CASEWORK RELATIONSHIP - the dynamic
3. PARTICIPATION OF THE CLIENT IN interaction of feelings and attitudes between
PROBLEM-SOLVING - The worker builds the caseworker and the client, with purpose
upon the client's strengths and utilizes of helping the client achieve better
them. A wise move would have the client adjustment between himself and his
understand from the beginning that his environment.
participation is expected.
4. SELF-DETERMINATION AS A RIGHT OF CHARACTERISTICS OF CASEWORK
THE CLIENT - The individual ( or groups or RELATIONSHIP
community) who is economic, personal,
or social needs right to determine what 1. ONE TO ONE RELATIONSHIP - The
his needs are and how they should be relationship between client and case
met. worker is one to one relationship.
2. PROFESSIONAL IN NATURE - the c. Outreach - the agency reaches out to
relationship between client and case the client through the social worker
worker is always professional in nature.
3. GOAL ORIENTED - Case worker is always  Elements:
oriented towards their goal. It is always
oriented towards solving the problems of a. Person’s motivation to change -
the clients. this will help the client Clients willingness to be involved in
develop a personality in the society. the helping relationship and
4. PROCESS - case worker is always goal participate in the helping process
oriented and to attain goal, social case b. Person’s opportunity for change - the
worker has to follow the definite process conditions of the environment ; the
or methods for solving problems like availability of resources and services
identification of problems, diagnosis of needed to effect change.
problems and treatment. c. Person’s capacity to change - the
5. CLIENT CENTRED/ FOCUSED - All the qualities and personality make-up of
activities is always focused towards client, intellectual and physical endowment.
help the client to solve or get rid from
his/her problem. 2. PROBLEM - an unmet need which
6. IT IS AN ART OR SKILL - Problem solving is hampers or undermine a person’s
also one of the art or skills of case work. adequate living;
Various problem-solving techniques are
used by the social case worker to  Categories of Problems:
strengthen the client’s capacities.
7. PRACTICE IN A SPECIFIC SETTING - This a. Interpersonal Conflict - involves
case work is practiced in specific settings individuals having difficulty relating to
and specific places like counselling centre, each other, interpersonal conflicts
etc. may also involve both communication
8. CLIENT AND CASE WORKER and behaviour.
INDEPENDENT - case worker and client b. Dissatisfaction in Social Relations -
are interdependent to each other; case one may feel unable to get as close to
workers help clients to solve problems. others as she would like or one may
9. IMPROVEMENT OF CONDITION - Social feel that lack of assertiveness
Case worker help the client his social, prevents his needs from being met.
psychological, and emotional condition. c. Inadequate Resources - reflects a
10. PROPER USE OF TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES deprivation of basic needs be due to
- tools are used to get required poverty, may also refer to lack
information about the client and his/her resources or services available to the
problems, the frequently used tools are client.
home visit, interview, observation, etc. d. Difficulties in Role Performance - a
COMPONENTS OF CASEWORK difficulty in role performance can best
1. PERSON - refers to a person, a family, be distinguished from interpersonal
group, or community as the focus of conflict by the fact that role
worker’s helping activity performance is more one-sided
e. Problems of Social Transition - clients
 Typology: may experience difficulty dealing with
some major changes in their lives.
a. Walk-in - the client initiates the
contact  The Problem in Frames of Reference.
b. Referred/involuntary - the client is
referred by some concerned a. Presenting Problem - It is a problem
individual that is a threat to the client’s or
 others’ welfare, and usually stated or TRANSFERENCE AND COUNTER
presented as it is being perceived or TRANSFERENCE
experienced by the client.
b. Immediate Problem - The problem 1. TRANSFERENCE - Is believed to take place
about which the client is most when the client unconsciously transfers to
concerned about. the social worker attributes or
c. Underlying Problem - The overall characteristics of some important or
situation that is created that tends to powerful persons in his/her early life.
perpetuate the immediate problem. 2. COUNTER TRANSFERENCE - The worker’s
d. Working Problem - These are unconscious response to the client’s
contributory factors that stand in the unconscious transference
way of both remedy and prevention
and must be dealt with if change is to SOCIAL WORK FUNCTIONS AND THE
take place. ATTRIBUTES OF THE PROFESSION

3. PLACE- Agency who employs a THE FUNCTIONS OF SOCIAL WORK

professional representative; a structure
by which it organises and delegates 1. RESTORATIVE - aims to assist individuals
responsibility and tasks, with governing and groups to identify and resolve or
policies and procedures that stabilises and minimize problems arising out of a
systematises its operations disequilibrium between themselves and
4. PROCESS - Case Study, social study, the environment
problem identification, intervention, and
evaluation, etc.  Restorative encompasses two
functions:
PROBLEM SOLVING PROCESS - Essentially a
cognitive process, a rational procedure a. Curative - removing factors that
involving series of steps to be followed caused breakdown in the person’s
sequentially. social functioning
b. Rehabilitative - putting back the
SOCIAL WORK HELPING PROCESS - is not just person to a normal or healthy state of
a cognitive process since it involves social functioning
relationship 2 between 2 parties
2. PREVENTIVE - identifying potential areas
REALITIES OF CASEWORK RELATIONSHIP of disequilibrium between individuals or
groups and the environment in order to
1. INVOLUNTARY CLIENTS - situation of poor prevent the occurrence of disequilibrium
communication with social workers. 3. DEVELOPMENTAL - is seeking out,
2. ESTABLISHMENT OF TRUST - Trust forms identifying, and strengthening the
the basis upon which the relationship maximum potential of individuals, groups,
between a client and a therapist is and communities.
grounded.
3. ANGER AND HOSTILE BEHAVIOUR -
Clients are unpredictable. May portray a
dangerous behavior. An act of
unwillingness.
4. RESISTANCE AND RELUCTANCE - The
client displays a passive behavior. A sign
of unwillingness to participate in the
helping process.