{

"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## EDA - Análisis Exploratorio de Datos\n",
"\n",
"El conjunto de datos seleccionado presenta registros del crecimiento de la
población en los años (1952 - 2007)\n",
"\n",
"#### Diccionario de Datos\n",
"\n",
"| Variable | Tipo de dato | Definición |\n",
"|----------------------|----------------|-------------|\n",
"| country | Cadena | País donde se originaron los
registros|\n",
"| year | Entero | Año en que se tomo el número de
población |\n",
"| population | Entero | Número de población |\n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"### Paso 1: Importar las librerias"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 22,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"# Libreria para operaciones Matemáticas o Estadísticas\n",
"import numpy as np\n",
"# Libreria para el manejo de datos\n",
"import pandas as pd\n",
"# Libreria para gráficas\n",
"import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"### Paso 2: Cargar los datos en un DataFrame"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 2,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
 " country year population\n",
"0 Afghanistan 1952.0 8425333.0\n",
"1 Afghanistan 1957.0 9240934.0\n",
"2 Afghanistan 1962.0 10267083.0\n",
"3 Afghanistan 1967.0 11537966.0\n",
"4 Afghanistan 1972.0 13079460.0\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"# Se lee el archivo plano y se carga en un DataFrama\n",
"df = pd.read_csv(\"data/1.4-EDA.csv\")\n",
"# Se imprime los primeros 5 registros\n",
"print(df.head(5))"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"### Paso 3: Exploramos los datos"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 4,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"Filas, Columnas\n",
"(1704, 3)\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"# Se imprime el número de Filas y Columnas\n",
"print(\"Filas, Columnas\")\n",
"print(df.shape)"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 5,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"Columna Cantidad NaN\n",
"country 0\n",
"year 72\n",
"population 72\n",
"dtype: int64\n"
]
}
 ],
"source": [
"# Se identifican los valores NaN del DataFrame\n",
"print(\"Columna Cantidad NaN\")\n",
"print(df.isnull().sum(axis = 0))"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 6,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"Filas, Columnas\n",
"(1632, 3)\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"# Se eliminan los valores NaN del DataFrame porque generan ruido\n",
"data = df.dropna()\n",
"# Se imprime el número de Filas y Columnas\n",
"print(\"Filas, Columnas\")\n",
"print(data.shape)"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 7,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
"<div>\n",
"<style scoped>\n",
" .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
" vertical-align: middle;\n",
" }\n",
"\n",
" .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
" vertical-align: top;\n",
" }\n",
"\n",
" .dataframe thead th {\n",
" text-align: right;\n",
" }\n",
"</style>\n",
"<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
" <thead>\n",
" <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
" <th></th>\n",
" <th>year</th>\n",
" <th>population</th>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" </thead>\n",
 " <tbody>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>count</th>\n",
" <td>1632.000000</td>\n",
" <td>1.632000e+03</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>mean</th>\n",
" <td>1979.500000</td>\n",
" <td>3.014837e+07</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>std</th>\n",
" <td>17.265553</td>\n",
" <td>1.083943e+08</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>min</th>\n",
" <td>1952.000000</td>\n",
" <td>6.001100e+04</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>25%</th>\n",
" <td>1965.750000</td>\n",
" <td>2.748356e+06</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>50%</th>\n",
" <td>1979.500000</td>\n",
" <td>6.962964e+06</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>75%</th>\n",
" <td>1993.250000</td>\n",
" <td>1.859411e+07</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>max</th>\n",
" <td>2007.000000</td>\n",
" <td>1.318683e+09</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" </tbody>\n",
"</table>\n",
"</div>"
],
"text/plain": [
" year population\n",
"count 1632.000000 1.632000e+03\n",
"mean 1979.500000 3.014837e+07\n",
"std 17.265553 1.083943e+08\n",
"min 1952.000000 6.001100e+04\n",
"25% 1965.750000 2.748356e+06\n",
"50% 1979.500000 6.962964e+06\n",
"75% 1993.250000 1.859411e+07\n",
"max 2007.000000 1.318683e+09"
]
},
"execution_count": 7,
"metadata": {},
 "output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"# Se observan las estadísticas de los datos (mínimo, máximo, media, SD,
mediana)\n",
"data.describe()"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 10,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
" country year population\n",
"1416 Spain 1952.0 28549870.0\n",
"1417 Spain 1957.0 29841614.0\n",
"1418 Spain 1962.0 31158061.0\n",
"1419 Spain 1967.0 32850275.0\n",
"1420 Spain 1972.0 34513161.0\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"# Se imprime los datos para el país de España\n",
"data_espana = data[data['country'] == 'Spain']\n",
"print(data_espana.head())"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 11,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"<AxesSubplot:>"
]
},
"execution_count": 11,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
},
{
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"text/plain": [
"<Figure size 432x288 with 1 Axes>"
]
},
"metadata": {
"needs_background": "light"
},
"output_type": "display_data"
}
],
"source": [
"# Se genera una gráfica de barras con los datos del país España\n",
"data_espana.plot(kind='bar')"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 14,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"<AxesSubplot:>"
]
},
"execution_count": 14,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
},
{
"data": {
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"text/plain": [
"<Figure size 432x288 with 1 Axes>"
]
},
"metadata": {
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],
"source": [
"# Ahora se compara el crecimiento de la población entre España y Argentina\n",
"data_argentina = data[(data['country'] == 'Argentina')]\n",
"\n",
"# Se ajusta el eje x con los años correspondientes\n",
"anios = data_espana['year'].unique()\n",
"# Se consultan los valores de la población\n",
"poblacion_espana = data_espana['population'].values\n",
"poblacion_argentina = data_argentina['population'].values\n",
"\n",
"# Se genera la gráfica de barras para la población de argentina y españa\n",
"data_grafica = pd.DataFrame({'Argentina': poblacion_argentina, 'Spain':
poblacion_espana}, index=anios)\n",
"data_grafica.plot(kind='bar')"
]
}
],
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