“A REPORT ON INTERNSHIP”

“FULL STACK DEVELOPMENT”

AT
“KARUNADU TECHNOLOGIES PVT LTD”

Submitted in the partial fulfilment of requirement for the 6th semester of

BACHELOR OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

OF
BENGALURU CITY UNIVERSITY

SUBMITTED BY

NITHIN H.K

(U18IS21S0044)

Under the Guidance of

MS. KUSUMA

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

EAST WEST SCHOOL OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

Affiliated to BCU, Recognized by Govt of Karnataka, Approved by AICTE
 ORGANISATION’S CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that NITHIN H.K reg no. U18IS21S0044 who is pursuing his/her
VI Semester BCA, at East West School of Business Management, Yelahanka, Bengaluru,
has completed his/her 4 Weeks of organizational study at our organization from 25/03/2024
to 24/04/2024.

NITHIN H.K has collected the required data and exhibited good discipline
during the study, we wish him/her good luck in all future endeavors.

For Name of the organization

Authorized Signatory
 CERTIFICATE BY COLLEGE
This is to certify that this Internship report on “FULL STACK DEVELOPMENT” is
carried out at “KARUNADU TECHNOLOGIES PVT LTD” by NITHIN H.K bearing
Reg. No. U18IS21S0044 is an original work carried out by the said student. He has
successfully completed his/her 4 Weeks organizational study.

The Internship report is submitted to the Bengaluru City University in the

Academic Year 2023-24, in partial fulfillment for successful completion of VI Semester
BCA and also for the award of Bachelor of Computer Applications Degree of Bengaluru
City University.

Place: BANGALORE PRINCIPAL

DR. GEETHA NAGARAJU
EWSBM

Date: 07/06/24
 CERTIFICATE BY HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT

Certified that NITHIN H.K is a student of Final year Batch (2021-2024) Bachelor of
Computer Applications of East West School of Business Management, Bangaluru-64, has
submitted Internship Report, prepared under the guidance of faculty of our college in
partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of "Bachelor of
Computer Applications" of Bengaluru City University and has not formed a basis for the
award of any other Degree or Diploma of any University or Institution.

RADHIKA K

ASST PROF. & HEAD OF DEPARTMENT

BACHELOR OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

 SUPERVISOR’S CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the content of this report on “FULL STACK DEVELOPMENT”
carried out by NITHIN H.K bearing Register No: U18IS21S0044 is a bona fide work
carried out by the student under my supervision during the academic year 2023-24 in partial
fulfillment for the completion of VI Semester BCA, of Bengaluru City University.

Place: BANGALORE Name of the Supervisor

Date:07/06/2024
 STUDENT’S DECLARATION

I hereby declare that this Internship report on “FULL STACK DEVELOPMENT”

is an original record of my experience while conducting the internship study at
“KARUNADU TECHNOLOGIES PVT.LTD” of the organization. The
organizational study was carried out by me, as a partial fulfillment for the successful
completion of VI Semester of BCA of Bengaluru City University. This report is not
submitted to any other university for the award of any Diploma/Degree etc.

Place: BANGALORE Name of the Student: NITHIN H K

Date:07/06/24 Register Number: U18IS21S0044

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I take this as an opportunity to express my profound gratitude to all who have been
significant contributors to this Internship Report.

I express my gratitude to MRS. RASHMI RAVIKIRAN, Chairperson East West

School of Business Management for support in carrying out the internship.

I express my deepest sense of gratitude to DR. GEETHA NAGARAJU, Principal East

West School of Business Management for her constant support. And for sparing their
valuable time and guiding in the successful completion of the report .she is also
supervisor or ,who gave valuable insights for carrying out of the internship successfully

I am thankful to ASST PROF. RADHIKA K HOD, Department of Computer

Applications, East West School of Business Management, for her support, guidance and
encouragement.

I am grateful to ASST PROF.KUSUMA(ASSISTANT PROFESSOR), the Department

of Bachelor of Computer Applications, East West School of Business Management, for
sparing their valuable time and guiding in the successful completion of the report.

I also thank the company KARUNADU TECHNOLOGIES PVT. LTD for the support
in carrying out the internship at their esteemed organization.

Place: BENGALURU

Date: 07/05/24

Signature of the Student

 LIST OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1-5
1.1 Introduction-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
1.2 Objective of the study----------------------------------------------------------------------------4
1.3 Scope of the study---------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
1.4 Methodology of the study-----------------------------------------------------------------------4
1.5 Limitation of the study------------------------------------------------------------------------------4-5

Chapter 2------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6-15
2.1 Brief profile------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7
2.2 Why choose karunadu technologies-------------------------------------------------------------8
2.3 Visions of the company---------------------------------------------------------------------------12
2.4 Company information-----------------------------------------------------------------------------13
2.5 Work description-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------14-15

Chapter3------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------16-24
3.1 Python-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17
3.2 Python libraries for data analytics--------------------------------------------------------------18
3.3 Software tool used-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------18
3.4 Open cv-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------19
3.5 Machine learning----------------------------------------------------------------------------------20
3.6 Random forest algorithm-------------------------------------------------------------------------23-24

Chapter4----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 25-31
4.1 Problem statement ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 25
4.2 Data collection per processing----------------------------------------------------------------- 26
4.3 Data visualization--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28-31

Chapter5------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------33-39
5.1 Employee details using web application------------------------------------------------------35
5.2 Models----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------36
5.3 Views.py--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------37
5.4 Urls.py-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------38-39

Chapter6------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------40-41
Conclusion---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------41

Chapter7------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------42-43
References-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------43
 LIST OF FIGURES

Fig No NAME Pg. No

1.1 Company Logo 08

2.2 Campus view 14

3.1 Python Logo 20

3.5 Machine Learning Infrastructure 23

3.5.1 Flow Model of Algorithms of supervised Learning 25

3.5.2 Clustering 26

3.5.3 Flow Model of Algorithms of unsupervised 26

Learning
3.6 Process of Random Forest Algorithms 27

4.1 Data Processing 30

4.2 Data Cleaning 31

4.3 Data Visualization 32

4.3.1 Data Training and data Processing 34

5.1 Coding 38

5.2 Models.py 39

5.3 View.py 39

5.4 URLS.PY 41

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 Log Sheet

Name of the student: NITHIN H K

Name of the organization: KARUNADU TECHNOLOGIES PRIVATE LIMITED.
Name of the college: EAST WEST SCHOOL OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT.

Duration
SN Date Concept Learnt
(In Hours)
Introduction and installation of Anaconda, Python, and
1 25/03/2024 10am-12pm
Jupiter Notebook. Learned the basics of Python.
Data types and their categories. Learned to assign a
2 26/03/2024 single value to multiple variables and multiple values to 10am-12pm
multiple variables.
Type casting and converting one data type to another.
3 27/03/2024 10am-12pm
Learned how to add strings.
Creating email and understanding operators and their
4 28/03/2024 10am-12pm
types. Learned about different types of operators.
Swapping two numbers, swapping without using a third
5 29/03/2024 variable, and conditional statements. Learned various 10am-12pm
conditional statements.
Loops. Learned how to create a calendar and a calculator
6 30/03/2024 10am-12pm
using Python.
PIN generator using Python. Learned about classes in
7 01/04/2024 10am-12pm
Python.
Introduction and installation of Python libraries like
8 02/04/2024 NumPy and Matplotlib. Learned how to use these 10am-12pm
libraries.
Introduction and installation of VS Code and Django.
9 03/04/2024 10am-12pm
Learned basic settings and created an "About" page.
Introduction to Bootstrap. Learned how to create a
10 04/04/2024 calculator in Django using HTML, Bootstrap, views, and 10am-12pm
URLs.
Creating a registration page, index page, and email
11 05/04/2024 generator in Django using HTML, Bootstrap, views, and 10am-12pm
URLs. Learned the process of creating these pages.
Introduction and installation of SQLite and DB Browser.
12 06/04/2024 Learned basic settings and the process of linking the 10am-12pm
webpage to the database.
Creating a student details page and linking it to the
database. Learned how to create a StudentDetailsView
13 07/04/2024 10am-12pm
page in Django using HTML, Bootstrap, views, and
URLs.
Introduction to machine learning and its algorithms.
14 11/04/2024 10am-12pm
Learned the basics of machine learning.
Creating a home price prediction model using linear
15 12/04/2024 regression in machine learning. Learned how to 10am-12pm
implement linear regression.

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 Adding a delete button to the Student Details View page
16 13/04/2024 in Django and linking it to SQLite and DB Browser. 10am-12pm
Learned how to add functionality for deleting records.
Adding an update button to the Student Details View
page in Django, linking it to SQLite and DB Browser,
17 14/04/2024 10am-12pm
and creating a login page. Learned how to add update
functionality and create a login system.
Theory class on machine learning algorithms like the
18 15/04/2024 confusion matrix. Learned the concepts and applications 10am-12pm
of confusion matrices.
Machine learning algorithms: KNN, LS, and decision
19 16/04/2024 tree. Learned how to implement and apply KNN, LS, and 10am-12pm
decision tree algorithms.
Creating an insurance prediction model using logistic
20 17/04/2024 regression in machine learning. Learned how to use 10am-12pm
logistic regression for prediction tasks.
Creating a digit prediction model using random forest
21 18/04/2024 and a purchase prediction model in machine learning. 10am-12pm
Learned how to implement random forest for prediction.
Creating a Titanic survivor prediction model and a
purchase prediction model in machine learning. Learned
22 19/04/2024 10am-12pm
how to apply machine learning to different prediction
problems.
Introduction to AI and installation of TensorFlow.
23 20/04/2024 Learned the basics of AI and how to set up TensorFlow 10am-12pm
for projects.
Creating an image prediction model using AI. Learned
to load images, train the model, and test the model.
24 21/04/2024 10am-12pm
Created an HTML page and Python backend to predict
if an uploaded image is of an apple or an orange.

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 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

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 Karunadu Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Is a leading IT software solutions and services industry
focusing on quality standards and customer values. We offer broad range of customized
software applications powered by concrete technology and industry expertise.
Karunadu Technologies Private Limited (KTPL) is a Private Limited Indian Non-
Government Company incorporated in India on 19 July 2018 (Five years and ten months 6
days old). Its registered office is in Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
The Company is engaged in the Business Services Industry.
The Company's status is Active, and it has filed its Annual Returns and Financial Statements
up until 31 March 2023. It's a company limited by shares with an authorized capital of Rs
10.00 Lakh and a paid-up capital of Rs 1.00 Lakh, as per the Ministry of Corporate Affairs
(MCA) records.

Tech Solution:
Software and Embedded solutions.

Quick Support:
Quick Support round the clock 24*7

Software and Embedded design Services:

• Web Design
• Website Development
• Embedded Development

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 IT Solutions :

Leading IT Solutions and Services offering highly scalable software products

Embedded Solutions :

Top notch embedded product design and development

Skill Development :

Leading Skill Development Company in all the latest technologies

1.1 INTRODUCTION

Internship program is essential for all BCA students, because it helps him or her to acquire
real life situation. I have selected Karunadu Technologies Pvt. Ltd. which is one of the leading
Programming code Training Academy in Bangalore.

Internship report is one of the parts of completing BCA degree of the department of Science
Administration, Bangalore City University. This report is on The Process and
Implementation of Software skills: A study on Karunadu Technologies Pvt Ltd. It was a chance
for me to learn about the Management and Skills procedure of the company.

1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

General Objective:
The general objective of the study is to understand the Software skills Process and
Implementation system of Karunadu Technologies Pvt. Ltd

Specific objectives:
⚫ Specific objectives of the study are summarized below:
⚫ To be familiar with the purpose of skills
⚫ To be acquainted with the importance of skills
• To know the various steps of Software skills system followed by Karunadu Technologies
Pvt. Ltd

⚫ To identify the various problems associated with its programming skills system.

Department of Computer Applications EWSBM Page6

 1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
⚫ Understanding programming skills Karunadu Technologies Pvt. Ltd.

⚫ Acquire detail knowledge of programming skills and its implementation required by

programming skills policy.

⚫ Acquire detail knowledge on different type of programming skills rules and guideline of
the company.

⚫ Avail knowledge to overall Skills and service activity of the company.

1.4 METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY

The research is an exploratory in nature. Both primary and secondary sources of data have
been used in the study. To collect primary data interview method has been used with an
unstructured questionnaire. The interview was as more of a discussion method.

The primary sources:

⚫ Directors
⚫ Manager
⚫ Staffs
The secondary sources:
⚫ Annual report of Karunadu Technologies
⚫ Prospect of Karunadu Technologies.
⚫ Unpublished data
⚫ The relevant programming languages on coding process

1.5 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The major limitations that I have encountered during the study and preparation of the
report are as follows:

⚫ The time limitation was the major problem in this study.

⚫ Lack of adequate information and data
⚫ Restrictions as per the firm policies to disclose some of the internal information and
financial data of the company to outside people.
⚫ Lack of experience and knowledge

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 Fig 1.1- Company Logo

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 CHAPTER 2
COMPANY PROFILE

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 2.1 BRIEF PROFILE

Name of the Company

Karunadu Technologies Pvt Ltd.

Brief Introduction of the Company.

Karunadu Technologies Private Limited is an unlisted private company incorporated on 19 July, 2018.
It is classified as a private limited company and is located in Bangalore, Karnataka. Its authorized
share capital is INR 10.00 lac and the total paid-up capital is INR 1.00 lac.

1 The current status of Karunadu Technologies Private Limited is - Active.

2 The last reported AGM (Annual General Meeting) of Karunadu Technologies Private Limited, per
our records, was held on 30 September, 2022.

3 Karunadu Technologies Private Limited has two directors - Mahesh Digital and Balarama S
Hatti.

4 The Corporate Identification Number (CIN) of Karunadu Technologies Private Limited is

U74999KA2018PTC114911. The registered office of Karunadu Technologies Private Limited is at
No 59 2nd Main, 1st Cross Near Singapura Village Bus Stop Vidyaranyapura, BANGALORE,
Bangalore, Karnataka.

Internship program is essential for all BCA students, because it helps him or her to acquire
real life situation. I have selected Karunadu Technologies Pvt Ltd. which is one of the leading
Programming code Training Academy in Bangalore. Internship report is one of the parts of
completing BCA degree of the department of Science Administration, Bangalore City
University. This report is on The Process and Implementation of Software: A study on
Karunadu Technologies Pvt. Ltd. It was a chance for me to learn about the Management and Soft
skills procedure of the company:

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 IT Solutions : Leading IT Solutions and Services offering highly scalable software

product.

Embedded Solutions : Top notch embedded product design and development.

The experienced instructors have professional education including pedagogical and

methodical training. In addition to the standard course program, we provide tailor-made
training solutions on request. For more information, please contact us. Our authorized
training centers located all over Bangalore to ease the accessibility of students Karunadu
Technologies offers candidates one of the industry’s most advanced and comprehensive
programming skills training programs, covering a wide spectrum of commercial and flight
operations.

Karunadu Technologies training program combines Karunadu Technologies innovative

methodologies, knowledgeable instructor and advanced simulation technology for a truly
unique learning experience. Karunadu Technologies trains candidate using practical and
operationally integrated learning approach with all training carried out using computer-
based training tools, programming skills training devices and programming skills
simulators. Software skills handling is one of the many sectors within the Karunadu
Technologies poised to see spectacular growth within the year ahead.

Karunadu Technologies with its experience and expertise in training and placing skills
Service Staff can give you an added advantage. Prepare you for a career in Handling, its
session encapsulates modules in soft skills, passenger relationship management, operations
and personal grooming. We train the students in Skills simulators–the most widely used
virtual skills training in the in state.

Karunadu Technologies has diverse programs which can be chosen by the students. It
offers Degree, and Certificate courses including IT technologies. These programs are
offered in Full Time mode. Institute present diversified BCA courses and programs that
are designed to meet the needs of students from different backgrounds. When it comes
to choosing a good institute for UG and IT technologies courses Karunadu Technologies
comes to mind. They gave opportunity to student to choose courses like Certificate, UG
BCA with stream of computer science. From introductory courses to more advanced
topics, there is a variety of courses to choose from. Institute gives offer to students to
gain proficiency.

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 Karunadu Technologies has diverse programs which can be chosen by the students. It offers
Degree, and Certificate courses including UG course. The software industry has also been
a key contributor to global economic prosperity, not only because the tourism industry
boosts local economies but also because it has allowed for improvements to soft skills.
Meanwhile, the soft water industry also directly provides millions of jobs for people
around the world.

2.2WHY CHOOSE KARUNADU TECHNOLOGIES

• Instructor expertise skills

• Course structure

• IT training

Computer skills with millions of training hours between them. Our instructors provide a
wealthy of knowledge and experience gained from many years operating as, and load
controller and various positions with airlines around the globe. They have unparalleled
expertise and commitment to benefit you throughout your training with Karunadu
Technologies. Of particular importance is the fact that we employ instructor who still work
and train with soft skills today, thereby ensuring our students to receive the most current
and relevant expertise in their training.

Karunadu Technologies has an international course structure customized to satisfy industrial

requirements and controlling authorities’ regulations, In India Our course module contains
practical and interactive teaching and learning methods to ease the student understanding.
We do follow the regulations of AI, ML, IT information soft skills.

Karunadu Technologies offers the most comprehensive range of training programs. This
extensive portfolio means we offer more choice to newly trained and experienced
candidates than any other training organization.

In addition, integrated course add-ons further improve your training experience. We offer
integrated simulator-based aircraft operation courses as well as integrated safety and
emergency procedures (SEP)training, all of which combine to ensure that our training goes
well beyond minimum licensing and the knowledge requirement.

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 Our industry centric approach also means that we are continuously looking at new ways
to add value to the training programs. From integrating comprehensive computer-based
training, to discounted recurrent training packages and free simulator time for
programming to evaluate your skills for employment, Karunadu Technologies strive to give
you the best possible value for your investment.

When you combine this with Karunadu Technologies position as the unsurpassed global
leader in Placement services, it all adds up to the leading training offering in the industry
today. The Software industry forms just one part of the wider Software industry. In
addition to skills, the software industry includes NON-IT, Projects and communications
skills developed.

The importance of the modern software industry is difficult to overstate. Still, one of the
main reasons for this importance is the globalized nature of the industry, helping to
connect different continents, countries, and cultures. As a result, global IT the best
modulation AI, Robotics.

For instance, some software worldwide helps facilitate IT while certain businesseswithin
the Software cater to IT and clients. Software provides the only rapid worldwide Robotic
network, generating economic growth, creating jobs, and facilitating international trade
and tourism.

Software is a collection of instructions, data, or computer programs that are used to run
machines and carry out particular activities. It is the antithesis of hardware, which refers
to a computer’s external components. A device’s running programs, scripts, and
applications are collectively referred to as “software” in this context...

The Software is growing fast and will continue to grow. The most recent estimates suggest
that demand for will increase by an average of 4.3%per annum over the next 20 years. If
this growth path is achieved by 2036 the air transport industry will then contribute 15.5
million in direct jobs and$1.5 trillion of GDP to the world economy.
Growth trajectory of the software industry and its potential impact on the global economy, particularly
in the context of the air transport industry. Here's a breakdown of the information you provided,

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 Growth Rate: The software industry is expected to grow at an average annual rate of 4.3% over the
next 20 years. This growth rate indicates an increasing demand for software products and services
globally.

Projected Contribution to Software Industry: By 2036, if this growth path is achieved, the
software industry is estimated to contribute significantly to the global economy. It is projected to
generate 15.5 million direct jobs and contribute $1.5 trillion to the world economy in terms of Gross
Domestic Product (GDP). This suggests that the software industry's growth has a substantial impact
on sectors like software, likely through the development and implementation of software solutions
tailored to the needs of this industry.
Implications of Growth: The growth of the software industry implies several things:
Increased demand for software professionals: With the industry expanding, there will be a greater
need for software engineers, developers, data scientists, cyber security experts, and other related
professionals.
Technological advancements: As software evolves, it will drive innovations in various sectors,
including air transport. This could lead to improvements in areas such as aircraft design, maintenance,
navigation systems, passenger experience, and logistics management.
Economic growth: The projected increase in jobs and GDP contribution indicates that the software
industry's growth is expected to positively.
When Karunadu intuition choosing an institute or class, consider factors such as the reputation of
the institution, the curriculum offered, the mode of instruction (online or in-person), the duration
and cost of the program, and any additional support or resources provided to students. It's also
beneficial to look for programs that offer opportunities for hands-on projects, internships, or
industry connections to enhance your learning experience and career prospects.
Top of Form.

Fig 2.2 Campus View

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 2.3 VISIONS OF THE COMPANY

At Karunadu Technology, we envision a future where technology serves as a catalyst for positive
change, empowering individuals, businesses, and communities across Karnataka and beyond. Our
vision is to pioneer innovative solutions that bridge the digital divide, foster inclusive growth, and
drive sustainable development in the region...

MISSION OF THE COMPANY

At Karunadu Technology, our mission is to harness the power of technology to drive inclusive growth,
foster innovation, and empower communities across Karnataka. We are dedicated to delivering
cutting-edge software solutions, data-driven insights, and transformative digital experiences that
enable our clients to thrive in an ever-evolving landscape

MEMBERS OF THE COMPANY

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 2.4 COMPANY INFORMATION

CIN U74999KA2018PTC114911

Company Status Active

Registration Number 173287

Date of Incorporation 19th July 2018

ROC Bangalore

Company Age 5 years, 10 month, 5 days

Authorized Capital 1500000

Paid-up capital 100000

Company category Company limited by shares

Company sub- category Non- government company

Class of company Private

Activity Education

Listing status Unlisted

OFFICE LOCATION:

17, Atk Complex, 2Nd Floor Acharaya

Address College, Chikkabanavara, 2Nd Floor, Main
Road, Beside Kvb Bank, Bangalore,
Bengaluru, Karnataka 560090
Contact number 099029 13646

Email [email protected]
Website www.karunadutechnologies.com

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 2.5 WORK DESCRIPTION

As a Technology Solutions Architect at Karunadu Technology, you will play a pivotal role in
designing and implementing innovative technology solutions that address the evolving needs of our
clients and contribute to the overall growth and success of the company. You will collaborate closely
with cross-functional teams, including software developers, data scientists, and project managers, to
architect scalable and efficient solutions that leverage cutting-edge technologies.

Solution Design: Lead the design and architecture of complex technology solutions, considering
factors such as scalability, performance, security, and usability. Translate business requirementsinto
technical specifications and design documents.

Technology Evaluation: Stay abreast of emerging technologies, tools, and frameworks relevant to
our industry. Evaluate and recommend technology solutions that align with business goals and drive
innovation.

Technical Leadership: Provide technical leadership and guidance to development teams

throughout the project lifecycle. Mentor junior team members, conduct code reviews, and ensure
adherence to best practices and coding standards.

Collaboration: Collaborate with stakeholders, including clients, product managers, and business
analysts, to understand requirements, gather feedback, and iterate on solutions. Work closely with
cross-functional teams to ensure seamless integration and alignment of technology initiatives with
business objectives.

Prototyping and Proof of Concept: Develop prototypes and proof of concepts to demonstrate the
feasibility and potential of new technologies or solutions. Conduct experiments and pilot projects to
validate hypotheses and drive informed decision-making.

Technical Documentation: Create comprehensive technical documentation, including architecture

diagrams, design specifications, and implementation guides. Ensure documentation is accurate, up-
to-date, and accessible to relevant stakeholders.

Continuous Improvement: Continuously assess and improve existing systems and processes.
Identify opportunities for optimization, automation, and enhancement to drive efficiency, reliability,
and performance.

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 Qualifications:
Bachelors or Master's degree in Computer Science, Engineering, or related field.
Proven experience as a Solutions Architect, Software Architect, or similar role, with a strong
background in software development and architecture.
Proficiency in programming languages such as Java, Python, or JavaScript, and familiarity with
modern development frameworks and tools.
In-depth knowledge of cloud computing platforms (e.g., AWS, Azure, GCP) and experience
architecting and deploying cloud-based solutions.
Strong understanding of software design principles, micro services architecture, and distributed
systems.
Excellent communication skills, with the ability to articulate complex technical concepts to non-
technical stakeholders.
Strong analytical and problem-solving skills, with a passion for innovation and technology.
Join us at Karunadu Technology and be part of a dynamic team that is shaping the future of
technology and driving positive change in our communities.

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 CHAPTER 3
TOPICS LEARNT DURING THE COURSE

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 The objective of the internship is to apply theoretical knowledge of “Machine Learning using Python”
to solve real time complex problems, in order to achieve these following basic concepts were learnt:
• Python
• Machine Learning

3.1 PYTHON
Python is a multiparadigm, general-purpose, interpreted, high-level programming language.
Python allows programmers to use different programming styles to create simple or complex
programs, get quicker results and write code almost as if speaking in a human language.

Fig 3.1 Python Logo

The topics learnt on Python are as follows:

• Installation of Python.
• Use of variables to store, retrieve and calculate information.
• Utilization of core programming operations such as functions and loops.

• Operation on strings, python supported libraries for Machine Learning.

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 3.1.1 Features of Python

• Extensive support libraries (NumPy for numerical calculations, Pandas for data analytics).
• Open source and community development.
• Dynamically typed language (No need to mention data type based on value assigned, it
takes data type).
• Object-oriented language, Portable and Interactive across Operating systems.

3.2 PYTHON LIBRARIES FOR DATA ANALYTICS

Machine Learning, as the name suggests, is the science of programming a computer by which
they are able to learn from different kinds of data. A more general definition given by Arthur
Samuel is – “Machine Learning is the field of study that gives computers the ability to learn
without being explicitly programmed.” They are typically used to solve various types of life
problems.
In the older days, people used to perform Machine Learning tasks by manually coding all the
algorithms and mathematical and statistical formula. This made the process time consuming,
tedious and inefficient. But in the modern days, it is become very much easy and efficient
compared to the olden days by various python libraries, frameworks, and modules. Python
libraries that used in Machine Learning are:
• NumPy
• Pandas
• Matplotlib

3.3. SOFTWARE TOOL USED

Anaconda is a free and open-source distribution of the Python programming language for
scientific computing (data science, machine learning applications, large-scale data
processing, predictive analytics, etc.), that aims to simplify package management and
deployment. Package versions are managed by the package management system conda.
Anaconda distribution comes with more than 1,500 packages as well as the conda package
and virtual environment manager. It also includes a GUI, Anaconda Navigator, as a graphical
alternative to the command line interface (CLI). Anaconda Navigator can search for packages
on Anaconda Cloud or in a local Anaconda Repository, install them in an environment, run
the packages and update them. There are many applications available by

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 default in navigator; among them is the Spyder.
Spyder is an open source cross-platform integrated development environment (IDE) for
scientific programming in the Python language. Spyder integrates with a number of
prominent packages. Some of the features of Spyder are:

• An editor with syntax highlighting, introspection, code completion.

• Support for multiple I Python consoles.
• The ability to explore and edit variables from a GUI.
• A Help pane able to retrieve and render rich text documentation on functions, classes and
methods automatically or on-demand.
• A debugger linked to IP dB, for step-by-step execution.
• A run-time Profiler, to benchmark code.
• Project support, allowing work on multiple development efforts simultaneously.
• A built-in file explorer, for interacting with the file system and managing projects.
• A "Find in Files" feature, allowing full regular expression search over a specified scope.
• An online help browser, allowing users to search and view Python and package
documentation inside the IDE
• A history log, recording every user command entered in each console.
• An internal console, allowing for introspection and control over Spyder's own operation.

3.4 OPEN CV

OpenCV is a huge open-source library for computer vision, machine learning, and
image processing. OpenCV supports a wide variety of programming languages like Python,
C++, Java, etc. It can process images and videos to identify objects, faces, or even the
handwriting of a human. When it is integrated with various libraries, such as NumPy
which is a highly optimized library for numerical operations, then the number of weapons
increases in your Arsenal i.e., whatever operations one can do in NumPy can be combined
with OpenCV.

Definition

OpenCV (Open-Source Computer Vision Library) is an open-source computer vision and

machine learning software library. OpenCV was built to provide a common infrastructure for
computer vision applications and to accelerate the use of machine perception in the

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 commercial products. Being a BSD-licensed product, OpenCV makes it easy for businesses
to utilize and modify the code.

3.5 MACHINE LEARNING

MACHINE LEARNING IS A TYPE of artificial intelligence (AI) that provides computers
with the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed. Machine learning focuses on
the development of Computer Programs that can change when exposed to new data.
Definition: Ability of a machine to improve its own performance through the use of
software that employs artificial intelligence techniques to mimic the ways by which
humans seem to learn, such as repetition and experience.

Fig 3.5 Machine Learning Infrastructure

Machine Learning (ML) is a sub-field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) which concerns with
developing computational theories of learning and building learning machines. This
sequence of learning and building is as shown in fig 2.3. The goal of machine learning,
closely coupled with the goal of AI, is to achieve a thorough understanding about the
nature of learning process (both human learning and other forms of learning), about the
computational aspects of learning behaviors, and to implant the learning capability in
computer systems.

3.5.1 The Goals of Machine Learning

The goal of ML, in simple words, is to understand the nature of human and other forms
of learning, and to build learning capability in computers. To be more specific, there are
three aspects of the goals of ML.

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 • To make the computers smarter, more intelligent. The more direct objective in this aspect
is to develop systems (programs) for specific practical learning tasks in application
domains.
• To develop computational models of human learning process and perform computer
simulations. The study in this aspect is also called cognitive modeling.
• To explore new learning methods and develop general learning algorithms independent
of applications.

3.5.2 Types of Machine Learning

➢ Supervised learning

Supervised learning as the name indicates a presence of supervisor as teacher. Basically,

supervised learning is a learning in which it is taught or trained to the machine using data
which is well labeled that means some data is already tagged with correct answer. After that,
machine is provided with new set of examples (data) so that supervised learning algorithm
analyses the training data (set of training examples) and produces a correct outcome from
labeled data. For instance, suppose given a basket filled with different kinds of fruits. The
first step is to train the machine with all different fruits one by one like this:

• If shape of object is rounded and depression at top having color Red then it will be labeled
as –Apple.
• If shape of object is long curving cylinder having color Green-Yellow then it will be
labeled as –Banana.

Supervised learning classified into two categories of algorithms:

• Classification: A classification problem is when the output variable is a category, such as
“Red” or “blue” or “disease” and “no disease”.
• Regression: A regression problem is when the output variable is a real value, such as
“dollars” or “weight”.

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 3.5.1 Flow Model of Algorithms of Supervised Learning.

➢ Unsupervised Learning

Unsupervised learning is the training of machine using information that is neither classified
nor labeled and allowing the algorithm to act on that information without guidance. Here the
task of machine is to group unsorted information according to similarities, patterns and
differences without any prior training of data. Unlike supervised learning, no teacher is
provided that means no training will be given to the machine. Therefore, machine is restricted
to find the hidden structure in unlabeled data by our-self.

For instance, suppose it is given an image having both dogs and cats which have not
seen ever. Thus, machine has no any idea about the features of dogs and cat so we can’t
categorize it in dogs and cats. But it can categorize them according to their similarities,
patterns and differences i.e., one can easily categorize the above picture into two parts. First
may contain all pics having dogs in it and second part may contain all pics having cats in it.
Unsupervised learning classified into two categories of algorithms:
• Clustering: A clustering problem is where one wants to discover the inherent groupings in
the data as shown in fig 2.4, such as grouping customers by purchasing behavior.

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 Fig 3.5.2 Clustering

• Association: An association rule learning problem is where one wants to discover rules
that describe large portions of the data, such as people that buy X also tend to buy Y.

3.5 .3 Flow Model of Algorithms of Unsupervised Learning.

3.5 RANDOM FOREST ALGORITHM

Random Forest is a popular machine learning algorithm that belongs to the supervised
learning technique. It can be used for both Classification and Regression problems in ML. It
is based on the concept of ensemble learning, which is a process of combining multiple
classifiers to solve a complex problem and to improve the performance of the model.

As the name suggests, "Random Forest is a classifier that contains a number of decision trees
on various subsets of the given dataset and takes the average to improve the predictive
accuracy of that dataset." Instead of relying on one decision tree, the random forest takes the
prediction from each tree and based on the majority votes of predictions, and it predicts the
final output.

The greater number of trees in the forest leads to higher accuracy and prevents the problem
of over fitting.

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 The below diagram explains the working of the Random Forest algorithm:

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Fig 3.6 Process of Random Forest algorithm

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 CHAPTER 4
EARLY CLASSIFICATION OF DIABETES
USING DECISION TREE

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 In this project, we will develop and evaluate the performance and the predictive power of a
model trained and tested on data collected from decision tree dataset. Once we get a good. A
model like this would be very valuable for people who could make use of the information
provided in a daily basis.

4.1 Problem Statement

Develop a model that has the capacity of decision tree prices by making use of the
information provided in a database.

Solution

The project requires us to find the diabetes from the given dataset. First, we read the given CSV
file using panda’s function. Then we separate the given dataset into inputs and output. Again, we split
the dataset into training data and testing data. Then we initialize the model i.e., decision tree
algorithm. Then we feed the training data to train the model and then feed the testing data
to check the accuracy of the model. Depending on the accuracy further improvements are
made to the model to improve its accuracy. In order to check the accuracy, we use confusion
matrix.

4.2 Data Collection and Pre-processing:

Collect data on decision tree, including features such as location, total number,patents data
amenities, etc.

Pre-process the data by handling missing values, encoding categorical variables, and scaling
numerical features.

This is a set of data created from imaginary data of house prices in an urban environment -
Paris. I recommend using this dataset for educational purposes, for practice and to acquire
the necessary knowledge.

The dataset used in this project comes from the Wikipedia. This data predicts the diabetes.
The features of inputs and output can be summarized follows:

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 ABOUT DATASET:
The dataset consists of 100+ patient records. Each record contains the following information:

Age: The patient's age, in years.

Gender: The patient's gender, male or female.

BMI: The patient's body mass index (BMI), a measure of weight relative to height.

Blood pressure: The patient's blood pressure, in mmHg.

FBS: The patient's fasting blood sugar, in mg/dL.

HbA1c: The patient's hemoglobin A1c, a measure of blood sugar control over the past 3 months.

Family history of diabetes: Whether the patient has a family history of diabetes.

Smoking: Whether the patient smokes.

Diet: Whether the patient has a poor or healthy diet.

Exercise: Whether the patient exercises regularly.

Diagnosis: The patient's diagnosis, either diabetes or no diabetes.

Fig 4.1: Data processing

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 Data cleaning is the process of preparing data for analysis by weeding out information that is
irrelevant or incorrect.

This is generally data that can have a negative impact on the model or algorithm it is fed into by
reinforcing a wrong notion.

Data cleaning not only refers to removing chunks of unnecessary data, but it’s also often
associated with fixing incorrect information within the train-validation-test dataset and reducing
duplicates.

Fig 4.2: Data cleaning

4.3 Data Visualization:

Data visualization is a crucial aspect of machine learning that enables analysts to understand
and make sense of data patterns, relationships, and trends. Through data visualization,
insights and patterns in data can be easily interpreted and communicated to a wider audience,
making it a critical component of machine learning.
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 Fig 4.3Data Visualization

Let's break down each line:

df['category'] = pd.factorize(df['category'])[0] + 1:
This line is assigning numerical labels to the 'category' column of the DataFrame df.
pd.factorize() function assigns a unique integer to each unique value in the 'category' column. The
[0] extracts the encoded values, and + 1 is added to avoid having a label with value 0, ensuring that
labels start from 1.

This step is often necessary for ML algorithms to work with categorical data, as they typically
require numerical inputs.
X = df.drop('category', axis = 1) :
This line creates the feature matrix X by removing the 'category' column from the DataFrame df.
The drop() function is used to drop specified labels from rows or columns. Here, axis=1 indicates

that we're dropping a column.

y = df['category'] :
This line assigns the target variable (or label) y to the 'category' column of the DataFrame df.
X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test= train_test_split(X, y, test_size=0.3, random_state=101) :
This line splits the data into training and testing sets using the train_test_split() function from scikit-
learn.
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 X is the feature matrix, and y is the target variable.
test_size=0.3 indicates that 30% of the data will be used for testing, and the remaining 70% will be
used for training.
random_state=101 sets a seed for random number generation. This ensures that the data split is
reproducible.
After executing these lines of code, you will have:

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 X_train: Features for the training set.
X_test: Features for the testing set.
y_train: Labels for the training set.
y_test: Labels for the testing set.
These sets are then typically used to train a machine learning model on the training data (X_train,
y_train), and evaluate its performance on the testing data (X_test, y_test).
You

Fig 4.3.1 Data training and data Processing

The provided code snippet is performing feature scaling using the StandardScaler from scikit-learn.
Let's break down each line:

scaler_train = StandardScaler() :
This line creates an instance of the StandardScaler class, which is used for standardization of
features by removing the mean and scaling to unit variance.
scaler_train.fit(X_train):
This line fits the scaler to the training data X_train.
It computes the mean and standard deviation for each feature in the training set, which will be used
for scaling.
scaler_test = StandardScaler() :
This line creates another instance of the StandardScaler class for the testing data.
scaler_test.fit(X_test):
This line fits the scaler to the testing data X_test.
Similar to the training data, it computes the mean and standard deviation for each feature in the
testing set.
X_train_scaled = scaler_train.transform(X_train) :
This line transforms the training data X_train using the scaler that was fitted to the training data.
It applies the same transformation (mean subtraction and scaling) that was computed during the
fitting step.

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 X_test_scaled = scaler_test.transform(X_test) :
This line transforms the testing data X_test using the scaler that was fitted to the testing data.
It ensures that the testing data is scaled using the same mean and standard deviation as the training
data, maintaining consistency in the scaling process.
After executing these lines of code:
X_train_scaled will contain the scaled features of the training data.
X_test_scaled will contain the scaled features of the testing data.
Feature scaling is often performed as a preprocessing step in machine learning to ensure that all
features have the same scale, which can help improve the performance and convergence of certain
algorithms.
The provided code snippet is creating and training a Decision tree classifier using scikit-learn. Let's
break down each line:
Decision tree = Decision tree Classifier(n_estimators=100, max_features='auto',
random_state=101):
model for classification tasks based on the algorithm.
n_estimators=100 specifies the number of decision trees in the forest. In this case, 100 decision
trees will be used.
max_features='auto' specifies the maximum number of features to consider when looking for the
best split. In this case, it is set to 'auto', which means that the square root of the total number of
features will be used.
random_state=101 sets a seed for number generation, ensuring reproducibility of results.

This line trains (fits) the classifier model using the scaled training data (X_train_scaled) and the
corresponding labels (y_train).
During the training process, the model learns to make predictions by building multiple decision trees
based on different subsets of the training data and features.
Each decision tree is trained on a bootstrapped sample of the training data and makes decisions based
on randomly selected subsets of features, which helps reduce over fitting and improve generalization.

Decision tree classifier model that has learned patterns and relationships in the training data. This
model can thenbe used to make predictions on new, unseen data.

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 CHAPTER 5
EMPLOYEE DETAILS USING WEB
APPLICATIONS

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 Technologies: HTML, CSS, JAVASCRIPT.
Programming language: Python

WEB APPLICATIONS:

Access Anywhere, Anytime: Web applications can be accessed from any device with an internet
connection and a web browser, making them highly accessible to users regardless of their location or
device type.

Centralized Data and Updates: Since web applications run on remote servers, updates and changes
to the application are centralized and can be deployed universally to all users, ensuring consistency
and ease of maintenance.

Cross-Platform Compatibility: Web applications are platform-independent and can be accessed

from various operating systems (e.g., Windows, macOS, Linux) and devices (e.g., desktops, laptops,
smartphones, and tablets), providing flexibility and convenience to users.

Scalability and Performance: Web applications can easily scale to accommodate growing numbers
of users and data, as the processing power and resources are managed on the server-side. This allows
for efficient handling of increasing traffic and demands.

Collaborative and Real-Time Capabilities: Web applications can facilitate collaboration and real-
time communication among users through features such as instant messaging, document sharing, and
concurrent editing, enhancing productivity and teamwork.

Security and Privacy: Web applications implement security measures such as encryption,
authentication, and access control to protect sensitive data and ensure user privacy. Regular security
updates and patches help mitigate vulnerabilities and safeguard against threats.

Cost-Effectiveness: Web applications eliminate the need for users to purchase and install software
locally, reducing upfront costs and maintenance expenses. Additionally, they can offer subscription-
based pricing models or pay-per-use options, providing cost-effective solutions for businesses and
individuals.

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 Overall, web applications offer a versatile and efficient means of delivering services, managing data,
and facilitating collaboration in today's interconnected world. Their accessibility, scalability, and
cross-platform compatibility make them indispensable tools for businesses, organizations, and
individuals alike.

Fig 5.1 Coding

Create a simple employee details page using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript in Visual Studio Code:
HTML (index.html) :
HTML (Hypertext Mark-up Language) is used to structure the content of the web page.
Create an HTML file (e.g., index.html) and define the structure of the employee details page.
Use HTML tags to create elements such as headings, paragraphs, input fields, buttons, etc., to
display and interact with employee information.
CSS (styles.css) :
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is used to style the HTML elements and define their appearance.
Create a CSS file (e.g., styles.css) and define styles for various elements of the employee details
page.
Use CSS selectors to target HTML elements and apply properties such as colour, font, size,
padding, margin, etc., to customize their appearance.
JavaScript (script.js) :
JavaScript is used to add interactivity and functionality to the web page.
Create a JavaScript file (e.g., script.js) and write JavaScript code to handle events, validate input,
fetch data, etc.
Use JavaScript functions and event listeners to respond to user actions (e.g., button clicks, form

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 submissions) and update the DOM (Document Object Model) dynamically.
Above basic example of how you could structure your files and code in Visual Studio Code

Modules:

In Python, modules are files that contain Python code, which can be functions, classes, or variables,
that can be imported and used in other Python files. Here's how you could structure a simple employee
details module in Python:
Creating the Module File:
Create a new Python file (e.g., employee.py) to serve as the module.
Define functions, classes, or variables related to employee details within this file.
Defining Functions or Classes:
Define functions or classes within the module file to encapsulate functionality related to employee
details.
For example, you could define functions to add, update, delete, or retrieve employee details, or
define a class to represent an employee object with attributes such as name, age, department, etc.
Exporting the Module :
To make the functions or classes defined in the module accessible from other Python files, use the
import statement.
Optionally, you can use the all attribute to specify which symbols (functions, classes, or
variables) should be exported when the module is imported.
Here's a basic example of how you could structure your employee details module:

Fig 5. 2models.Py

VIEWS.PY:

Fig 5.3 View.Py

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 file containing "views" typically refers to files that
In the context of Python web development, a .py
and generating HTTP responses within a web
define the logic for handling HTTP requests

application framework, such as Django or Flask. Here's an explanation of views in Python web
development:
What are Views?
Views are Python functions or classes that are responsible for processing incoming HTTP requests
from clients and generating appropriate HTTP responses.
Each view typically corresponds to a specific URL endpoint or route within the web application.
Creating Views :
In web frameworks like Django or Flask, views are defined by creating functions or classes
decorated with special decorators that specify the URL pattern(s) they should respond to.
Within the view functions or methods, you can define the logic for processing the request, accessing
the database, performing business logic, and generating the response.
Handling Requests:
Views handle different types of HTTP requests (e.g., GET, POST, PUT, DELETE) sent by clients
to the server.
Depending on the type of request, views may perform different actions such as rendering HTML
templates, processing form data, or returning JSON responses.
Generating Responses:
Views generate HTTP responses to send back to the client, typically in the form of HTML content,
JSON data, or other types of media.
The response generated by a view may vary depending on factors such as the request parameters,
user authentication status, or the state of the application.
Passing Data to Templates :
In web frameworks like Django, views often pass data to templates (HTML files) for rendering
dynamic content.
Views can pass data in the form of context variables, which can then be accessed and displayed
within the HTML templates.
Routing:
Views are associated with specific URL patterns or routes, which are defined in the application's
URL configuration.
When a request is made to a particular URL, the corresponding view is invoked to handle the
request and generate the response.

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 urls.py

Fig 5.4 URL.PY

In Python web development, particularly with web frameworks like Django and Flask, the urls.py
file is a central component used for URL routing. Here's an explanation of what the urls.py file
typically does:

URL Routing :
The urls.py file is used to map URL patterns (or routes) to views within the web application.
It defines the association between incoming URLs requested by clients and the corresponding view
functions or classes that should handle those requests.
Defining URL Patterns :
In the urls.py file, you define a list of URL patterns using regular expressions or simple string
patterns.

Each URL pattern is associated with a view function or class that should be invoked when that URL
is requested.
URL Patterns with Parameters :
URL patterns can contain parameters (known as path converters in Django), which capture parts of
the URL and pass them as arguments to the associated view function.
Parameters can be used to create dynamic URLs that accept variable inputs, such as user IDs,
product slugs, or category names.
URL Namespace and Name spaced URLs :
Web applications often contain multiple apps, each with its own set of views and URL patterns.
URL namespaces allow you to organize and group related URL patterns within each app,
preventing naming conflicts and providing a clear structure.
Name spaced URLs help generate URLs dynamically within templates or view code, ensuring
consistency and maintainability.
Include Function :
In larger web applications or projects, the include () function is used to include URL patterns from
other Python modules (typically other urls.py files).

This allows you to modularize your URL configuration, breaking it down into smaller, more
manageable components.
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 OUTPUT IN URL

OUT PUT IN SQL

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 CHAPTER6
CONCLUSION

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 Summary of the project findings and conclusions drawn from the analysis.
Recommendations for future work or further research to enhance the model's performance or
explore additional avenues.

By providing clear explanations of each component, your project output enables stakeholders
to understand the methodology, results, and implications of your machine learning project
effectively. This comprehensive approach facilitates informed decision-making and
encourages further exploration and development in the field.

Web applications are software programs that are accessed through a web browser over the
internet. They run on remote servers and allow users to interact with data, perform tasks, and
access services without having to install any software locally on their devices. Here's a brief
explanation of web applications:

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 CHAPTER 7
REFERENCE

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 [1] www.karunadutechnologies.com
[2] Ayodele, Taiwo Oladipupo, “Types of machine learning algorithms”. In New advances in machine
learning. Intech Open, 2010
[3] Victor Roman, “Machine Learning Project: Predicting Boston House Prices with Regression”, 20
Jan 2019
[4] Andreas C. Müller, Sarah Guido, “Introduction to Machine Learning with Python: A Guide for Data
Scientists”,2016
[5] Alpaydin, E., “Introduction to Machine Learning”, 2004

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 EVALUATION OF INTERNSHIP REPORT

For submission to Bangalore City University

Student Mentor/supervisor

Name: Name:

Reg.no.

Signature

Date: Date:

EVALUATION SUMMARY

Project viva voce Total

Max. Marks 60 40 100

Marks Allotted

Name of the examiner Sign

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