Chapter-1 Crop Production and Management
Class work: Questions with Answers
1. Give two examples of each:
(a) Kharif crop - Paddy , Maize
(b) Rabi crop - Wheat, Gram
2. If wheat is sown in the kharif season, what would
happen? Discuss.
●Best season for wheat crop is from October to March.
If it is sown in the kharif season, its production will be decreased.
3. Explain how soil gets affected by the continuous plantation of crops in a field.
●The continuous plantation of crops in a field makes the soil poor in nutrients for the
proper growth of crops and decreases its yield.
4. What are weeds? How can we control them?
●Weeds are unwanted plants that grow with crops.
●They can be controlled by
- Using weedicides, eg. 2,4-D
- Tilling before sowing to uproot weeds
- Cutting of weeds with the help of Khurpi
- Using seed drill to uproot weeds
5. Write a paragraph on each of the following:
A)Preparation of soil :
●It is the first step before growing a crop.
●It involves loosening of soil by ploughing of soil.
●Loosening of soil
- allows root to penetrate deep into the soil.
- helps in the growth of microbes and earthworms in the soil.
-increases humus and essential nutrients in the soil.
-brings the nutrient rich soil to the top.
B)Sowing: ●It is the process of putting seeds in the soil.
●It involves selection of good quality seeds which give
High yield.
●Funnel shaped tool is used traditionally for sowing
Seeds.
●Nowadays seed drill is used for sowing with the help
Tractors.
●This tool sow seeds at proper distance and depth.
●It saves time and Labour& prevents damage caused
by Birds.
C)Weeding:
●Removal of weeds is called weeding.
●Weeds compete with the crops for the nutrients and
reduces their productivity.
●They can be controlled by
- using weedicides
- tilling before sowing
- using seed drill or Khurpi to uproot weeds.
D) Threshing:
●The grain seeds in the harvested crops can be separated
from chaff by threshing.
●Traditionally it is done by winnowing.
●Nowadays it is done with the help of a machine called
Combine which is combined harvester and thresher.
6. What is irrigation? Describe two methods of irrigation which conserve water.
●Supply of water to crops at regular intervals is called
Irrigation.
●Modern methods of irrigation which conserve water are 1. Sprinkler system:
- It is more useful on the uneven land having insufficient water
-It is very useful for sandy soil.
-The perpendicular pipes having rotating nozzles are joined to the main pipe.
- When water is allowed to flow with the help of a pump, It escapes from the rotating
nozzles and sprinkled on the crops.
2. Drip system:
- It is the best method for watering plants to conserve water.
-It is used in the areas where water availability is poor.
- In this system,water falls drop by drop at the position of roots.
7. Explain how fertilizers are different from manure.
Fertilizers
•It is an inorganic salt.
•It is prepared in factories.
•lt does not provide any humus to the soil.
•They are very rich in plant nutrients like Nitrogen Phosphorus and Potassium.
•It’s excessive use causes water pollution.
•It cannot replenish organic matter of soil.
Manure:
• It is a natural substance obtained by the decomposition of animal excreta and plant wastes.
• It can be prepared in the fields.
• It provides a lot of humus to the soil.
• It is relatively less rich in plant nutrients.
• It increases soil fertility and protects the environment.
• It helps in recycling farm Waste.
