PHYSICS

BOOKS - IE IRODOV PHYSICS (HINGLISH)

ELECTRODYNAMICS

Constanct Electric Field In Vaccum

1. Calculate the ratio of the electrostatic of gravitational

inteaction forces between two electrons, between two

protons. At what values of the specific cahreg q/m of a

praticle would these forces become equal (in their

absoule values) in the case of interaction of indentical)

particles ?

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2. What would be the interaction force between two

coppersphers, each of mass 1g , separated by the

distance 1m , if the total electrons charge in them

differted from the total charge of the nuclei by one of

part cent?

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3. Two similar balls, each of mass m and charge q, are

hung from a common point by two silk threads, each of

length l. Prove that separation between the ball is

1/3
2
q l
x = [ ] , if θ is small
2πε0 mg

dq
Find the rate with which the charge should leak off
dt

each sphere if the velocity of approach varies as

v = a / √x , where a is a constant.
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4. Two positive charges q1 and q2 are located at the

points with redius vectors r1 and r2 . Find a negative

charge q3 and a radius vector r3 of the point at which it

has to be placed for the force acting on each of the three

charges to be equal to zero.

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5. A thin wire ring of radius r has an electric charge q.

What will be the increment of the force stretching the

wire if a point charge q is placed at the ring's centrre ?

0

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6. A positive point charge 50μC is located in the plane

xy at the point with radius vector r 0 = 2i + 3j , where I

and j are the unit vectors of the x and y axes. Find the

vector of the electric field strength E and its magnitude

ath the point with radius vector r = 8i − 5j . Here r and

0

r are expressed in metres.

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7. Point charge q and −q are located at the vertices of a

square with diagonals 2l as shown in Fig. Find the

magnitude of the electric field strength at a point

located symmetrically with respect to the vertices of the

square at a distnace x from its centre.

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8. A thin half ring of radius R = 20cm is uniformly

charged with a total charge q = 0.70nC .Find the

magnitude of the electric field strength at the curvaite

centre of this half-ring.

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9. A whin wire ring of radius r carries charge q. Find the

magnitude of the electric field strength on the axis of

the ring as a function of distance l from its centre.

Investigate the obtained function at l > > r . Find the

maximum strength magnitude and the corresponding

distance l. Draw the appoximate polt of the function.

E(l) .

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10. A point charge q is located at the centre fo a thin ring

of radius R with uniformly distributed charge −q , find

the magnitude of the electric field strength vectro at the

point lying on the axis of the ring at a distance x from its

centre, if x > > R .

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11. A system consits fo a thin charged wire ring of radius

R and a very long uniformly charged thread oriented

along the axis of the ring, with one of its ends coinciding

with the centre of the ring. The total charge of the ring,

with one of the ring so equal to q. The charge of the

thread (per unit length) is equal to λ . Find the

interaction froce between the ring and the thread.

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12. A thin nonconducting ring of radius R has a linear

charge density λ = λ0 cos φ , where λ is a constant , ϕ is

0

the azimutahl angle. Find the magnitude of the electric

field strength
(a) at the centre of the ring ,

(b) on the axis of the ring as a function of the distance x

from its centre. Investegation the obtained function at

x > > R .

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13. A thin straight rod of length 2a carrying a uniformly

distributed charge q is located in vacumm. Find the

magnitude of the electric field strength as a function of

the distatance r from the rod's centre along the

streaight line

(a) perpendicular to the rod and passing through its

centre ,
(b) coinciding with the rod's direction (at the point lying

outside the rod).

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14. A very long straight uniformly charged thread carries

a charge λ per unit length. Find the magnitude and

direaction of the electric field strength at point which is

at a distance y from the thread and lies on the

perpendicular passing through one of the thread's ends.

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15. A thread carrying a unifrom charge λ per unit length

has the configuration shown in fig, Assuming a curvature

radius R to be considerably less than the length of the

thread, find the magnitude fo the electric field strength

at the point O.
 ,

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16. A shpere of radius r carries a surface charge a density

σ = ar , where a is a constant, vector and r is radius

vector of a point of the sphere ralative to its centre. Find

the electric field strength vector at the centre relative at

the centrre of the sphere.

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17. Suposse the surface charge density over a sphere of

radius R dendends on a polar angle θ as σ = σ 0 cos θ ,

where σ is a positive constant. Show that such a charge

0

distribution can be represented as a result of a small

relative shift of two uniformly charge balls of radius R

whose charges are equal in magnitude and opposite in

sign. Restoring to this representation, find teh electric

field strength vector inside the given spehre.

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18. Find the electric field strength vector at the centre of

a ball of raiduius R with volume charge density ρ ⇒ ar ,

where a is a constant vector, and r is a radius vector

drawn from the ball's centre.

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19. A very long uniformly thread oriented along the axis

of a a circle of raius R rests on its centre with one of the

ends. The charge of the thread per unit length is equla

to λ. Find the flux of the vector E across the circle area.

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20. Two point charges q and −q are separated by the

distance . Find the flux of the electric field strength

2l

vector across a circle of radius R.

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21. A ball of radius R is uniformly charged with the

volume density ρ . Find the flux if the electric field

strength vector across the balls section formed by the

plane located at a distance r0 < R from the centre of

the ball.

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22. Each of the two long parallel threads carries a

uniform charge λ per unit length. The threads are

separated by a distance l. Find the maximum magnitude

of the electric firld strength in the symmetry plane of

theis system located between the threads.

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23. An infineltly long cylindrical surface density

σ = σ 0 cos φ . Where φ is the polar angle of the

cylindrical coordinate system whose z axis coincides with

the axis of the given surface. Find the magnitude and

direction of the electric fiels strength vector on the z

axis.

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24. The electric field strength depends only on the x and

xi + yj
y coordinates according to the law E = a ,
x2 + y 2

where a is a constant , i and j are the unit vectors of the

x and y axes. Find the flux of the vector E through a

sphere of raidus R with its centre at the origin of

coordinates.

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25. A ball of radius R carries a positive charge whose

volume density depends according only on a separation

r from the ball's centre as ρ = ρ 0 (1 − r / R) , where ρ is

0

a constant. Asumming the permittivites of the ball and

the enviroment to be equal to unity find :

(a) the magnitude of the electric field strength as a

function of the distance r both inside and outside the

ball :
(b) the maximum intensity E max
and the corresponding

distance r .
m

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26. A system consits of a ball of radus R carrying

spherically symmetric charge and the surrounding space

filled with a charge of volume density ρ = α /r , wehre α

is a constant, r is the distance from the centre of the

ball. Find the ball's the charge at whcih the magnitude of

the electric field strength vector is independent of r

outside the ball. How high is this strength ? The

permittives of the ball and the surrounding space are

assumed to be equal to unity.

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27. A space is filled up with a charge with volume desnsity

, where and are positive constansts,

3
− αr
ρ = ρ0 e ρ0 α r

is the distance from the centre of this system. Find the

magnitude of the electric field strength vector as a

function of r. Investigate the obtained expresssion for

the small and large values of r, i. e. , at αr 3

< < 1 and

αr
3
> > 1.

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28. Inside a ball charged uniformly with volume density ρ

there is a spherical cavity. The centre of the ball by a

distance a. Find the field strength E inside the cavity,

assuming the permittively equal to unity.

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29. Inside a indinitely long circular cylinder cavity. The

distance between the axes of the cylinder and the cavity

is equal to a. Find the electric field strength E inside the

cavity. The permittivity is assumed to eb equal to unity.

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30. Two thin wire rings each having radius R are placed at

distance d apart with their axes coinciding. The charges

on the two are +Q and −Q . The potential difference

between the centre so the two rings is

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31. There is an infinitely long straight thread carrying a

charge with linear density λ = 0.40μC / m . Calculate the

potentail difference between points I and 2 is removed

η = 2.0 times farhter from the thread than point 1.

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32. Find the electric field potentail and strength at the

centre of a hemisphere fo raidus R ahcged uniformly

with the the surface density σ.

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33. A very thin round plate of radius R carrying a uniform

surface charge density σ is located in vacumm. Find the

electric field potentail and strength along the plate's axis

as a function of a distance l from its centre. Investigation

the obtained expression of l → 0 and l > > R .

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34. Find the potential φ at the edge of a thin disc of

radius R carrying the uniformly distributed charge with

surface density σ.

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35. Find the electric field strength vector if the potentail

of this field has the form φ = ar , where is a constatn

vector, and r is the radius vector of point of the field.

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36. Determine the electric field strength vector if the

potential of this field depends on x, coordinates as

(a) V 2
= a(x — y )
2
(b) V = axy

where, a is a constant.
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37. The potential of a certain electrostaitc field has the

form φ = a(x
2 2
+ y ) + bz
2
, where a and b are

constants. Find the magnitude and direction fo the

electric field strength vector. What shape have the

equipotentail surfaces in the fololowing cases:

(a) a > 0, b > 0 , (b) a > 0, b < 0 ?

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38. A charge q is uniformly distributed over the volume of

a shpere of radius R . Assuming the permittively to be

equal to unity throughout, find the potential

(a) at the centre of the sphere,

(b) inside the sphere as a function of the distance r from

its centre.

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39. Demonstrate that the potential of the field generated

by a dipole with the electric moment p (fig) may be

represented as φ = pr / 4πε0 r
3
, where r is the redius

vector. Using this expression, find the magnitude of the

electric strength vector as a funcition of r and θ.

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40. A point dipole with an electric moment p oriented in

the positive direction of the z axis si located at the origin

of coordinates. Find the projections Ez and E⊥ of the

electric field strength vector (on the plane perpendicular

to the z axis at the poiny S . At which points is E

perpendicular to p ?

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41. A point electric dipole with a moment p is placed in

the external uniform electric field whose strength equals

E0 . With p ↑ ↑ E0 . In this case one of the equipotential

surfaces enclosing the dipole from a sphere. Find the

radius of this sphere.

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42. Two this parallel threads carry a uniform charge with

linear densities lamnda and −λ . The distance between

the threads is equal to l. Find the potential of the

electric field and the magnitude of its strength vector at

the distance r > > l at the angle θ to the vector 1 (fig).

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43. Two coaxial rings, each of radius R, made of thin wire

are separated by a small distance l(l < < R) and carry

the charges q and . Find the electric field potential

−q

and strength at the axis of the system as a function of

the x coordinate (see figure). Investigate these functions

at |x| > > R

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44. Two infinite planes sepated by a distance l carrying a

uniform surface charge of densities σ and −σ . The

planes have round coaxial holes of radius R , with

l < < R . Taking the origin O and the x cordinates axis

as shown in the figure, find the potentail of the electric

field and the projection of its strength vector Ex on the

area of the system as functions of the x cordiante. Draw

the appoximate plot φ(x).

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45. An electric capacitor consists of this round parallel

plates. each of radius R , separated by a distance

l(l < < R) and uniformly charged with surface

densities σ and −σ . Find the potential of the electirc

field and the magnitude of tis strength vector at the axes

of the capacitor as functions of a distanace x from the

plates if x > . Investigate and obtained expressions

> l

at x > > R .

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46. A dipole with an electric moment p is located at a

distance r from a along thread charge uniformly with a

linear density λ. Find the force F acting on the dipole if

the vector p is oriented

(a) along the thread

(b) along the radius vector r

(c ) at the right angles to the thread and the radius

vector r.

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47. Find the interaction force between two water

molecules separated by a distance l = 10mm if their

electric moments are oriented along the same straight

line. The moment of each molecule equals

p = 0.62.10
− 29
C. m .

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48. Find the potential V of an electrostatic field

→
E = a(y î + x ĵ) , where a is a constant.

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49. Find the potential φ(x, y) of an electrostatic field

E = 2axyi + a(x
4 2
− y )j , where a is a constant, I and

J are the unit vectors of the x and y axes.

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50. Determine the potentail φ(x, y, z) of an electrostatic

field E = ayl + (ax + bz)J + byk , where a and b are

constants, I, j, kare the unit vectors of the axes x, y, z.

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51. The field potentail in a certain region of space

depends only on the x coordinate as φ = − ax

3
,
+ b

where a and b are constants. Find the distribution of the

space charge ρ(x).

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52. A uniformly distributed space charge fills up the

space between two large parallel plates separated by a

distance d. The potential difference between the plates

is equal to zero ? What will then be the field strength

near the other plate ?

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53. The electrostatic potential inside a charged spherical

ball is given by ϕ = ar
2
+ b where r is the distance from

the centre and a, b are constants. Then the charge

density inside the ball is:

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Conductors And Dielectrics In An Electric Field

1. A small ball is suspended over an infinite horizontal

conducting plane by means of an insulating elastic

thread of stifiness k. As soon as the ball was charged it

decended by xcm and its separation from the plane

become equal to l. Find the charge of the ball.

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2. A point charge q is located at a distance l from the

infinite conducting plane. What amount of work has to

be performed in order to slowly remove this charge very

far from the plane.

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3. Two point charges q and −q are separated by the

distance l, both being located at a distance l / 2 from the

infinite conducting plane. Find :

(a) the modulus of the electric force acting on each

charge,

(b) the magnitude of the electric field strength vector at

the midpoint between these charges.

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4. A point charges q is located between two mutually

perpenicular conducting hlaf-planes . Its distance from

each half-plane is equral to l. Find the molecules of the

vector p is perpendicular to the planes.

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5. A point dipole with an electric moment p is located at

a distance l from an infinite conducting plane. Find the

modulus of the vector of the force acting on the dipoel if

the vector p is perpendicular to the plane.

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6. A point charge q is located at a distance l from an

infinite conduting plane. Determine the surface density

of charges induced on the plane as a function of

separaction r from the base of the perpendicular drawn

to the plane from the chagre.

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7. A thin infinitely long thread carrying a charge λ per

unit length is oriented parallel to the infinite conducting

plane. The distance between the thread and the plane is

equal to l. Find :

(a) the moducles of the vector of the force acting on a

unit length of the thread ,

(b) the disribution of surface chagre density σ(x) over

the plane, where x is the distance form the plane

perpendicular to the conducting surface and passing

through the thread.

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8. A very long straight thread is oriented at right angles

to an infinite conducting plane, its end is separated from

the plane by a distance l. The thread carries a uniform

charge of linear density λ . Suppose the point O is the

trace of the thread on the plane . FInd the surface

density of the induced charge on the plane

(a) at point O.

(b) as a function of a distance r from the point O.

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9. A thin wire ring of radius R carries a charge q. The ring

si oriented parallel to an infinite conducting plane and is

spearated by a distance l from it. Find :

(a) the surface chagre density at that point fo the plane

symmetrical with respect to the ring,

(b) the strength and the potential of the electric field at

the centre of the ring.

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10. Find the potential φ of an uncharged conducting

sphere outside fo wihich a point charge q is located at a

distance l from the sphere's centre.

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11. A point charge q si located at a distance r from the

centre O of an uncharged conducting conducting

spherical layer whose inside and outside radii are equal

to R and R respectively. Find the potentail at the point

1 2

O if r < R1 .

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12. A system consists of two concentric spheres, with the

inside sphere of radius a carrying a positive charge q1 .

What charge q has to be diposited on the outsie sphere

2

of radius b to reduce the potentail φ depend in this case

on a distance r from the centre of the system ? Draw teh

appoximate plot of this dependence.

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13. Four large metal plates are located at a small distance

d from one another as shown in Fig. The exremen plates

are interconnected

by means of a conductor while a potential difference Δφ

is applied to inernal plates. Find :

(a) the values of the electric field strength between

neighbouring plates,

(b) the total charge per unit area of each plate.

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14. Two infinite conduting plates 1 and 2 are separated by

a distance l. A point chagre q is located between the

plates at a distance x from plate 1. Find the charges

induced on each plate.

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15. Find the electric force experienced by a charge

reduced to a unit area of an arbitary conductor if the

surface density of the charge equals σ.

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16. A metal ball of radius R = 1.5cm has a charge

q = 10μC . Find the molecules of the vector fo the

resultant force acting on a charge located on one half of

the ball.

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17. When an uncharged conducting ball of radius R is

placed in an external uniform electric field, a surface

charge densityh σ = σ 0 cos θ is induced on the ball's

surface charge (here σ is a constant, θ is a polar angle).

0

Find the magnitude of the resultant electric force acting

on an induced charge of the same sign.

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18. An electric field of strength E = 1.0kV / cm produces

plarization in water equivalent to the correct orientation

of only one out of N . The electric moment of a water

molecule equals p = 0.62.10

− 29
C.m.

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19. A non-polar molecule with polarzabillity β is located

at a great distance l from a polar molecule with electric

moment p. Find the magnitude of the interaction force

between the molecules if the vector p si oriented along a

straight line passing through both molecules.

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20. A non-polar molecule is located at the axis of a thin

uniformly charged ring of rasius R . At what distance x

from the ring's centre is the magnitude of the force F

acting on the given molecule

(a) equal to zero, (b) maximum ?

Draw the appoximate plot F x

(x) .

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21. A point charge q is located at the centre of a ball

made of uniform istopic dielectric with permittivity

epsilon. Find the polarizaion P as a function of the

radius vector r relative to the centre of the system, as

well as the chagre q' inside a sphere whose radius is less

than radius of the ball.

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22. Demonstrate that at a dielectric-conductor interface

the surface density of the dielectric's bound charge

σ' = − σ(ε − 1) / ε ' where ε is the permittivity, σ is the

density of the charge on the conductor.

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23. A conductor of orbitrary shape, carrying a charge q, is

surrounded with uniform dielectric of permittivity ε (Fig).

Find the total bound charges at the inner and outer

surfaces of the dilectric.

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24. A uniform istropic dielectric si shaped as a spherical

layer with radii a and b. Draw the approximate plots of

the electric field strength E and the potential φ vs the

distance r from the centre fo the layer if the dielectric

has a certain positive extraneous charge distributed

uniformly,

(a) over the internal surface of the layer, (b) over the

volume of the layer.

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25. Near the point A (Fig) lying on the boundary

between glass and vacumm the electric field strength in

vacumm is equal to E0 = 10.0V / m , the angle between

the vector E and n, as well as the surface density of the

point charges at the point A.

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26. Near the point plane surface of a uniform isotropic

dielectric with permittivity ε the electric field strength in

vacumm is equal to E the vector E forming an angle

0 0 θ

with the normal of the dielectric's surface (FIg).

Assuming the field to be uniform both inside and outside

the dielectric, Find:

(a) the flux of the vector E through a sphere of radius R

with centre located at the surface of the dielectric,

(b) the circulation of the vector D around the closed

path I' og length l (see fig) whose plane is

perpendicular to the surface of the dielectric and parallel

to the vector E . 0

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27. An infinite plane of uniform dielectric with

permittivity ε is uniformly charged with extraneous

chagre fo space density ρ. The thickness of the plate is

equal to 2d. Find:

(a) the magnitude of the electric field strength and the

potential as functions of distance l from the middle

point of the plane.(where the potential is assumed to be

equal to zero), having chosen teh x coriditnate axis

perpendicular to the plate, draw the approximate plots

of teh projection Ex (x) of the vector E and the

potentail φ(x) , plots fo the projection Ex (x) of the

vector E adn the potential φ(x),

(b) the surface and space denstites of the bound charge.

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28. Extraneous chagres are uniformly distributed with

space density ρ > 0 over a ball of radius R made of

uniform istropis dielectric with permittivity ε. Find :

(a) magnitude of the electric field strength as a function

of distance r from the centre of the ball, draw teh

approixmate plots E(r) adn φ(r),

(b) the space and surface densities of the bound charges.

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29. A round dielectric disc of radius R and thickness d is

statically polarized so that it gains the uniform

polarzation P . With the vector P lying in the plane of

the disc. Find the strength E of the electric field at the

centre of the disc if d < < R .

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30. Under certain condinates the polarrization of an

infinite uncharged dielectric plate , takes the form

P = P0 is a vector perpendicular to the plate, x is the

distance from the of the electric field inside the plate

and the potentail difference between its surface.

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31. Initially the space between the plates of the capacitor

is filled with air, and the field strength in the gap is equal

to E0 . Then half the gap is filled with uniform isotropic

dielectric with permittivity ε as shown in Fig. Find the

moduli of the introduction of the dielectric

(a) deos not change the voltage across the plates,

(b) leaves the charges at the plates constant.

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32. Solve the forgoing problem for the case when half

the gap is filled with the dielectric in the way shown in

fig.

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33. Half the space between two concentricv elecrodes of

a sphereical capacitor is filled , as shwon in Fig, with

unifrom istropic dielectric with permittively ε. The charge

of the capacitor is q. Find the magnitude of the electric

field strength between teh electrodes as a function of

distance r from the curvature centre of teh electrodes.

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34. Two small identical balls carrying the charges of the

same sign are suspended from the same point by

insulating threads of equal length. When the

surrounding space was filled with kerosene the

divergence angle between the threads remained

constant, What is the density of the material of which

the balls are made ?

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35. A unifrom electric field of strength E = 100V / m is

generated inside a ball made of uniform istropic

dielectric with permitivity ε . The radius of the ball

= 5.00

is R = 3.0cm . Find the maximum surface density of the

bound chagres and the total bound charge of one sign.

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36. A point charge q is located in vacumm at a distance l

from the plane surface of a unifrom isotropic deilectric

filling up all the half-space. The permittivity of the

dielectric equals ε. Find :

(a) the surface density of the bound chagres as a

function of distanc e r from the point charges q'. anayse

the obtained result at l − . 0,

(b) the total bound charge on the surface of the

dielectric

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37. Making use of the formulation and the soulution of

the foregoing problem, find the magnitude fo the force

exerted by the charges bound on the surface of the

dielectric on the point charge q.

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38. A point charge q si located on the plane dividing

vacumm and infinite uniform istropic dielectric with

permittivity . Find the moduli of the vectors

eposilon D

and E as well as the potentail φ as funtions of distance r

from the charge q.

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39. A small conducting ball carrying a charge q is located

in a uniform an infinite boundary plane between the

dielectrics and vacumm. Find the surface density of the

bound chagres on the boundary plane as a function of

distance r from the ball. Analysse the obtained result for

l → 0 .

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40. A half-space filled with uniform istropic dielectrics

with permittivity ε has the conducting boundary plane.

Inside the dielectric at a distance l from this plane, there

is a small metal ball possensing a charge q. Find the

surface density of the bound chagres at the boundary

plane as a function plane as a function of distance r

from the ball.

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41. A plate of thickness h made of uniform statically

polarized dielectric is placed inside a capacitor whose

parallel plates are interconnected by a conductor. The

polarization of the dielectric is equal

to P (Fig). The separation between the capacitor plates

is d . Find teh strength and induction vectors for the

electric field both inside and outside the plates.

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42. A long round dielectric cyclinder is polarized so that

teh vector P = αr , where α is a positive constant and r

is the distance from the axis. Find the space density ρ' of

bound chagres as a function of distance r from the axis.

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43. A dielectric ball is polarized uniformly and statically.

Its polarization equals P . Taking into account that a ball

ploarized is this way may be represented as a result of a

small shift of all positive chagres of the dielectric relative

to all negative charges,

(a) find the electric field strength E inside the ball,

(b) demonstrate that the field outside the ball is that of

a dipole located at the centre of the ball, the potential of

that field being equal to φ = p0 r / 4πε0 , where p0 is the

electric moment of the ball, and r is the distance from its

centre.

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44. Utilizing the solution of the foregoing problemm,

find teh electric field strength E0 in a spherical cavity in

an inifite statically polarized unifrom dielectric if the

dielectric polarization is P , and far from the cavity the

field strength is E.

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45. A uniform dielectric ball is placed in a unifrom electric

fileld of strength E0 . Under these conditions teh

dielectric becomes polarized uniformly. Find the electric

field strength E inside teh ball and the polarization P of

the dielectric whose permittively equals ε. Make use of

the reslult obtained in Problem 3.96

 View Text Solution

46. An infinielty long round dielectric cyclinder is

polarized uniformly and statically, the polarization P

being perpendicular to the axis of the cyclinder. Find the

electric field strength E inside teh dielectric.

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47. A long round cylinderical made of uniform dielectric

is placed in a uniform electric field of strength E0 . The

axis of the cylinder is perpendicular to vector E0 . The

axis of the cylinder is perpendiucular to vector E . Under

0

these conditions the dielectrics becomes polarized

 unifromly. making use of the result obtained in the

foregoing probem, find the electric field strength E is

the cylinder and the polarization P of the distance

whose permittivity is equal to ε.

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Electric Capacitance Energy Of An Electric Field

1. Find the capacitance of an isolated ball-shaped

conductor of radius R1 surrounded by an adjacent

concentric layer of dielectric with permittivity ε and

outside radius R .
2

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2. Two parallel plate air capacitance C , were connected in

series to a battery with emf . Then one of the

ξ

capacitors was filled up with uniform dielectric with

permittivity ε . How many times did the electric field

strength in that capacitor decrease ? What amount of

charge flows throgh the battery ?

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3. The space between the plates of a parallel-plate

capacitor is filled consecutively with two dielectric layers

1 and 2 having the thickness of d1 and d2 and the

permittivities esπlon and esπlon respectively. The area

1 2

of each plate is equal to S. Find :

 Watch Video Solution

4. The gap between the plates of a parallel-plate

capacitor is filled with istropic dielectrc whose

permittlvity ε varies linearly from esπlon to

1
ε2 (ε2 > ε1 )

in the direction perpendicular to the plates. The area of

each plate equals S, the separation between the plates is

equal to d. Find :

(a) the capacitance of the capacitor,

(b) the space density of the bound chagres as a function

of a if the charge of the capacitor is q and E in it is

directed toward the growing ε values.

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5. Find the capacitance of a spherical capacitor whose

electrodes have radii R and R

1 2
> R1 and which is filled

with istropic dielectric whose permittivity varies as

esπlon = a / r , where a is a constant , and r is the

distance from the centre of the capacitor.

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6. A cylindrical capacitor is filled with two cyclindrical

layers of dielectric with permittivity esπlon and1

esπlon2

. The inside radii of the layers are equal to R1 and

R2 > R1 . The maximum permissible values of electric

field strength reaching teh breakdown value for both

dielectrics simulttaneously ?
 Watch Video Solution

7. There is a double-layer cylindrical capacitor whose

parameters are shoen in Fig. The breakdown field

strength values for these dielectrics are equal to E1 and

E2 respectively. What is the breakdown voltage of this

capacitor if ε 1
R 1 E1 < ε2 R 2 E2 ?

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8. Two long straight wires wtih equal cross-sectional radii

a are located parallel to each other in air. The distanace

between their axes equals b. Find the mutal capacitances

b > > a .

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9. A long straight wire is located parallel to an infinite

conducting plate. The wire is located parallel to an

infinite conducting plate. The wire cross-sectional radius

is equal to a, the distance between the axis of the wire

and the plane equals b. FInd the mutual capacitance of

this system per unit length of the wire under the

condition a < .
< b
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10. Find the capacitance of a system of two indentical

metal balls of radius a if the distance between their

centres is equal to b , with b > > a . The system is

located in a uniform dielectric wtih permittivity ε.

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11. Determine the capacitance of a system consisting of a

metal ball of radius a and an infinite conducting plane

separated from the centre of the ball by the distance l if

l > > a .

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12. Find the capacitance of a system of identical

capacitors between points A and B are shown in

(a) Fig. A (b) Fig B

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13. Four identical metal plates are located in air at equal

distances d from one another. The area of each plate is

equal to S. Find teh capacitance of the system between

points a and B if the plates are interconnected as shown

(a) Fig A, (b) FIg B

Watch Video Solution
14. A capaitor of capacitance C 1
= 1.0μF withstands teh

maximum voltage V1 = 6.0kV while a capacitor of

capacitance Cs = 2.0μF , the maximum voltage

Vs = 4.0kV . What voltage will the system of these two

capacitors withsatand if they are connected in sereis ?

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15. Find the potential difference between points A and B

of the system shown in Fig. if the emf is equal to

E = 100V and the capacitance ratio C2
.
/ C1 = η = 2.0

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16. Find the capacitance of an infinite circuit formed by

the repetitioin of the same link consisting of two

indentical capacitors, each with capacitors C (fig).

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17. A circuit has a section Ab shown in fig. The emf of the

source equals E = 10V , the capacitances are equal to

C1 = 1.0μF and C2 = 2.0μF , and the potential

difference φA − φB = 5.0V . Find the voltage across

each capacitor.

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18. In a circuit shown in fig find the potentail difference

between the left and right plates of each capacitor.

 Watch Video Solution

19. Find the charge of each capacitor in the circuit shown

in Fig.
 Watch Video Solution

20. Determine the potential differnece φ A

− φB between

points A adn B of the circuit shown in Fig. Under what

condition is it equal to zero ?

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21. A capacitor of capacitance C 1 = 1.0μF charged up to

a voltage V = 110V is connected in parallel to the

teminals of a circuit consisting of two uncharged

capacitors connected in series and possessing the

capacitances Cs = 2.0μF and Cs = 3.0μF . What

charge will flow through the connecting wires ?

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22. What charges will flow after the shorting of the swich

Sw in the circuit illustrated in Fig through sections 1 and

2 in the directions indicated by the arrown?

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23. In the circuit shown , the emf of each battery is 60V

and C 1 = 2μF and C

2 = 3μF . Find the charges that will

flow through the sections 1, 2 and 3 after the Key is

closed.

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24. Find the potential difference φA − φB between

points A and B of the circuit shown in Fig.

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25. Determine the potential at point 1 of the circuit

shown in Fig., assuming the potential at the point O to

be equal to zero.
using the symmetry of the formula obtained, write the

expressions for the potentials at points 2 and 3.

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26. Find the capacitance of the circuit shown in Fig,

between points A and B.

 Watch Video Solution

27. Determine the interaction energy of the point

charges located at the corners at the corners of a square

with the side a in the circuit shown in Fig.

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28. There is an infinite straight chain of alternating

charges q and −q . The distance between teh

neighbouring charges is equal to a. Find the interaction

energy of each charge with all the others.

Instruction . Make use of the expansion of In (1 + α) in a

power series in α.

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29. A point charge q is located at a distance l from an

infinite tonducting plane. Find the interaction energy of

that charge with chose induced on the plane.

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30. Calculate the interaction energy of two balls whose

charges q and
1
q2 are spherically. The distanace between

teh centres of the balls is equal to l.

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31. A capacitor of capacitance C1 = 1.0μF carrying

initially a voltage V = 300V is connected in parallel with

an uncharged capacitor of capacitance C 2

= 2.0μF . Find

the increment of the electric energy of this system by the

moment equilibrium is reached. Explain the result

obtained.

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32. What amount of heat will be generated in the circuit

shown in Fig. after the swich Sw is shifted from position

2?

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33. What amount of heat will be generated in the circuit

shown in Fig. after the swich Sw is shifted from position

2?

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34. A system consists of two thin concentric metal shells

of radii R and R with corresponding charges q and

1 2 1 q2 .

Find the selfenergy values W1 and W2 of each shell, the

interaction energy of the shells W12 , and the total

electric energy of the system.

 Watch Video Solution

35. A charge q is distributed uniformly over the volume of

a ball of radius R . Assuming the permittivity to be equal

to unity, find :

(a) the electrostatic self-energy of the ball,

(b) the ratio of the energy W1 stored in the ball to the

energy W pervadinting the surrounding space.

s

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36. A point charge q = 3.0m, uC is located at the centre

of a spherical layer of uniform isotropic dielectric with

permittivity ε = 3.0 . The inside radius of the layer is

equal to a = 250mm , the outside radius is b = 500mm .

Find the electrostatic energy inside the dielectric layer.

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37. A spherical shell of radius R with uniform charge q is

1

expanded to a radius R . Find the work performed by the

2

electric forces in this process.

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38. A sperical shell of radius R1 with a unifrom charge q

has a point charge q0 at the its centre . Find the work

perfomed by the electric forces during the shell

expansion form radius R to radius R .

1 2

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39. A spherical shell is uniformly charged with the surface

density σ . Using the energy conservation law, find the

magnitude of the electric force acting on a unit area of

the shell.

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40. A point charge q is located at the centre O of a

spherical uncharged coducting layer provided with small

orifice. The inside and outside radii of the layer are equal

to a and b respectively. The amount of work that has to

be performed to slowly transfer the charge q from teh

point O through the orifice and into infinity is

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41. Each plate of a parallel -plate air capacitor has an area

S . What amount of work has to be performed to slowly

increases teh distance between the plates from x1 to x2

if

(a) Capacitance of the capacitor which is equal to q, or

(b) the voltage across the capacitor, which is equal to V ,

is kept constant in the process?

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42. Inside a parallel-plate capacitor there is a plate

parallel to the outer plates, whose thickness is equal to

η = 0.60 of the gap width. When the plates is absent the

capacitor cpaacitance equals c = 20μF . First, the

capacitor was connected in parallel to a constant voltage

source producting V = 200V , then it was disconnected

for it, after which the plates was slowly removed from
teh gap. FInd the work perfomed during the removel, if

the plate is

(a) made of metal, (b) made of glass.

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43. A parallel-plate capacitor was lowered into water in a

horizontal position, with water filling up the gap

between the plates d = 1.0mm wide. Then a constant

voltage V = 500V was applied to the capacitor. Find the

water pressure increment in the gap.

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44. A parallel plate capacitor is located horizontally, so

that one of its plates is submerged into liquid while the

other is over the surface. The dielectric constant of the

liquid is equal to k . Its density is equal to ρ . To what

height will the level of the liquid in the capacitor rise

after its plates gets a charge of surface density σ ?

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45. A cylindrical layer of dielectric with permittivity ε is

inserted into a cylindrical capacitor to fill up all the space

between the electrodes. The mean radius of the

electrodes equals R, the gap between them is equal to d,

with d < < R . The constant voltage V is applied across

the electrodes of the capacitor. Find the magnitude of

the electric force pulling the dielectric into the capacitor.

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46. A capacitor consists of two stationary plates shaped

as a semi-circle of radius R adn a movable plate made of

dielectric with permittivity ε and capacble of rotoning

about an axis O between the stationary plates (fig). The

thickness of the movables plate is equal to d which is

practically the separation between teh stationary plates.

A potential difference V is applied to the capacitor. FInd

the magnitude of the moment of forces relative to the

axis O acting on teh movable plate in the position shown

in the figure.

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Electric Current

1. A long cylinder with uniformly charged surface and

crosssectional radius a = 1.0cm moves with a constant

velocity v = 10m / s along its axis. An electric field

strength at the surface of the cylinder is equal to

V
E = 0.9k m . Find the resultign concection current ,
c

that is, the current caused by mechanical transfer of a

charge.

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2. An air cylindrical capacitor eith a dc voltage V = 200V

applied across it is being submerged vertivally into a

vessel filled with water at a velocity v = 5.0mm / s . The

electrodes of the capacitors are separated by a distance

d = 2.0mm , the mean curvature radius of the

electrodes is equal to r = 50mm . Find the current

flowing in this case along lead wires, if d < < r .

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3. At the tempearture 0
∘
C the electric resistance of

conductor 2 is η times that of conductor 1. Thier

temperatures coeficients of resistance are equal to α2

and α1 respectively. Find the tempearture coefficient of

resistance of a circuit segment consisting of these two

conductors when they are connected

(a) In series , (b) In parallel .

 Watch Video Solution

4. Find the resistance of a wire frame shaped as cube

(Fig) when measured between points (a) 1.7, (b) 1.2, (c) 1.3.

The resitance of each edge of the frame is R

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5. At what value of teh resistances Rx in the circuit

shown in Fig. Will the total resistance between points A

and B be independent of the number of cells ?

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6. Fig. shows an infinite circuit formed by the repetition

of the same link, consisting of resistance R 1 = 4.0Ω and

R 2 = 3.0Ω . Find the resistance of this circuit between

points A and B.

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7. There is an infinite wire grid with square cells (Fig). The

resistance of each wire between neighbouring joint

connections is equal to R0 . Find the resistance R of the

whole grid between points A and B.

Instruction. Make use of principles of symmetry and

superposition.

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8. A homegoneous poorly condcuting medium of

resistivity ρ fills up space between two thin coaxial

ideally conducting cylinder is l. The radii of the cylinders

are equal to a and b with , the length of each

a < b
cylinder is l. Neglecting the edge effects , find the

resistance of the medium between the cylinders.

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9. A metal ball of radius a is surrounded by a thin

concentric metal shell of radius b. The space between

these electrodes is filled up with a poorly conducting

homogenous medium of resistivity ρ. Find the resistance

of the interelectrode gap. Analyse the obtained solution

at b → ∞ .

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10. The space between two conducting concentric

spheres of radii a and b(a < b) is filled up with

homongeneous poorly conducting medium. The

capacitance of such a system equals C . Find the

resistivity of the medium if the potential difference

between the spheres, when they are disconnected from

an external voltage , decreases η-fold during the time

interval Δt.

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11. Two metal balls of the same radius a are located in a

homongenous poorly conducting medium with resistivity

ρ . Find the resistance of the medium between the balls

provided that the separation between them is mush

greater than the radius of the ball.

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12. A metal ball of radius a is located at a distance l from

an indinite ideally conducting plane. The space around

the ball is filled with a homongeous poorly conducting

medium with resistivity ρ. In the case of a < < l find :

(a) the current density at the conducting plane as a

function of distance r from the ball if the potentail

difference between the ball and the plane is equal to V ,

(b) the electric resistance of the medium between the

balll and the plane.

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13. Two long parallel wires are located in a poorly

conducting medium with respectivity ρ . The distance

between the axes of the wires is equal to l, the cross -

section radius of each wire equals a. In the case a < < l

find,

(a) the current density at the point equally removed from

the axes of the wire by a distance r if the potential

difference between teh wires is equal to V ,

(b) the electric resistances of the medium per unit length

of the wires.

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14. The gap between the plates of a parallel-plate

capacitor is filled with glass of resistivity ρ = 100GΩm ,

The capacitance of the capacitors equals C = 4.0nF .

Find the leakeage current of the capacitor when a

voltage V = 2.0kV is applied to it.

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15. Two conductors of aribitary shape are embedded into

an infinite homogenous poorly conducting medium with

respectivity ρ and permittivity ε . Find the value of a

product RG for this system where R is the resistance of

the medium between the conductors, and C is the

mutual capacitance of the wires in the presence of the

medium.

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16. A conductor with respectivity ρ bounds on a dielectric

with permittivity ε . At a certain point A at the

conductor's surface the electric displacement equals D

the vector D being directed away from the conductor

and forming an angle α with the normal of the surface.

Find the surface density of charges on the conductor at

the point A and the current density in the conductor in

the vicinitity of the same point.

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17. The gap between the plates of a parallel-plate

capacitor is filled up with an inhomongeous poorly

conducting medium whose conductivity varies lineraly in

the direaction perpendicular to the plates form the

σ 1 = 1.0pS / m → σ 2 = 2.0pS / m . Each plate has an

area S = 230cm
2
, and the separation between the

plates is d = 2.0mm . Find teh current flowing thorugh

the capacitor due to a voltage V = 300V .

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18. Demonstrate that the law if refraction of direct

current lines at the boundary between two conducting

media has the form tan α 1 σ 2 / σ 1 , where σ1 and σ2 are

the conductivies of the media, α and
2
α1 are the angles

between the current lines and the normal of the

boundary surface.

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19. Two cylindrical conductors with equal cross-sections

and different resistivites ρ and

1
ρ2 are point end to end.

Find the charge at the boundary of the conduction if a

current I flows from conductor 1 to conductor 2

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20. The gap between the plates of a prallel-plate

capacitor is filled up with two dielectric layers 1 and 2

thickness d1 and d2 permittivities ε1 and ε2 and

resistivities ρ1 and ρ2 . A dc voltage V is applied to the

capacitor with electric field directed from layer 1 to layer

2 find σ the surface density of extraneous charges at the

boundary between the dielectric layers and the condition

under with σ = 0 .

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21. An inhomegenous poorly conducting medium fills up

the space between plates 1 and 2 of parallel-plate

capacitor. Its permittivity and resistivity vary from values

ε1 , ρ 1 at the plate 1 to vlaues ε2 , ρ 2 at plate 2. A dc

voltage is applied to the capacitor througgh which a

steady current I flows from plate 1 to plate 2. Find the

total extraneous charge in the given medium.

View Text Solution

22. The space between the plates of a parallel -plate

capacitor is filled up with inhomogneous poorly

conducting medium whose resistivity varies linearly in

the direction perpendicular to the plates. The ratio of

the maximum value of resistivity to the minimum one is

equal to η The gap width equals d . Find the volume

density of the charge in the gap if a voltage V is applied

to the capacitor. ε is assumed to be 1 everywhere.

 View Text Solution

23. A long round conductor to cross-sectional area S is

made of material whose resistivity depends only on a

distance r from the axis of the conductor as ρ = α /r

4
,

where α is a constant. Find :

(a) the resistance per unit length of such a conductor,

(b) the electric field strength in the conductor due to

which a current I flow though it.

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24. A capacitor with capacitance C = 400pF is

connected via a resistance R = 650Ω to a source of

voltage V0 . How soon will the voltage developed across

the capacitor reach a value V = 0.90V0 ?

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25. A capacitor filled with dielectric of permittivity

ε = 2.1 losses half the charge acquired during a time

interval τ = 3.0 min . Assuming the charge to leak only

thorugh the dielectric filler, calculate its resistivity.

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26. A circuit consists of a source of a constant emfξ and

a resistance R amd a capacitor with capacitance C

connected in series. The internal resistance of the source

is negligible. At a moment t = 0 the capacitance of the

capacitor is abruply decreased η-fold. FInd the current

flowing through the circuit as a function of time t.

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27. An ammeter of zero resistance and a volt meter are

connected in series to a battery of emf 6.0 volt and

certain internal resistance. When a resistance R is

connected in parallel with the voltmeter the readings of

the voltmeter becomes half of its initial reading and the

reading of the ammeter becomes 2 times to its initial

reading (before R is connected). Find the voltmeter

reading in volt after the connection of the resistance.

 Watch Video Solution

28. Find a potentail difference φ 1

− φ2 between points 1

and 2 of the circuit shown in Fig if

R 1 1 = 10Ω, R 2 = 20Ω, E1 = 5.0V , and E 2

= 2.0V . The

internal resisances of the current sources are negligible.

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29. Two sources of equal emf are connected to an

external resistance R. The internal resistance of the two

sources areR 1 and R 2 (R 1 > R 1 ) . If the potential

difference across the source having internal resistance

R2 is zero, then

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30. N sources of current with different emf's are

connected as shown in Fig. The emf of the sources are

proportional to their internal resistancs, i.e., E = αR ,

where α is an assigned constatant. The lead wire

resistance is neglible. Find:

(a) the current in the circuit ,

(b) the potential differences between points A and B

dividing the circuit in n and N − n links.

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31. In the circuit shown in Fig the sources have

emf' sξ1 = 1.0V and ξ2 = 2.5V and teh resistances

have the values R 1 = 10Ω and R_(2) = 20 Omega. The

internal resistances of the sources are neglibile . Find a

potential differences φ A
− φB between the plates A and

B of the capacitance C .

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32. In the circuit shown in Fig. the emf of the sources is

equal to ξ = 5.0V and the resistances are equal to

R 1 = 4.0Ω and R 2 = 6.0Ω . The internal resistance of

the source equals R = 1.10Ω . Find the currents flowing

through the resistances R and R .
1 2

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33. Fig. illustrates a potentiometric circuit by means of

which we can very a voltage V applied to a certain device

possessing a resistance R . The potentiometer has a

length l and a resistance R and voltage V is applied to

0 0

its terminals. Find the voltage V fed to the device as a

funciton of distanace x . Analyse separately the case

R > > R0 .

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34. Find the emf and the internal resistance of a source

which is equivalent to two batteries connected in parallel

whose emf' s are equal to E1 and E2 and internal

resistances to R and R
1 2
 Watch Video Solution

35. Find the magnitude and direction of the current

flowing through the resistance R in the circuit shown in

Fig. if the emf's of the sources are equal to E1 = 1.5V

and E2 = 3.7V and the resistances are equal to

R 1 = 10Ω, R 2 = 20Ω, R = 5.0Ω . The internal

resistances of the sources are neglible.

 Watch Video Solution

36. In the circuit shown in Fig, the sources have

emf' sξ1 = 1.5V , ξ2 = 2.0V , ξ3 = 2.5V , and the

resistances are equal to

R 1 = 10Ω, R 2 = 20Ω, R 3 = 30Ω . The internal

resistances of the sources are negligible. Find : ltbrtgt (a)

the current flowing thorugh teh resistance R , 1

(b) a potential differences φA − φB between the points

A and B between the points A and B.

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37. Find the current flowing current flowing thorugh the

resistance R in the circuit shown in Fig. The internal

resistances of the batteries are negilble.

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38. Find a potential difference φA − φB between the

plates of a capacitor C in the circuit shown in Fig, if the

sources have emf' sE1 = 40V , E2 = 1.0V and the

resistances are equal to R 1 = 10Ω, R 2 = 20Ω , and

R 3 = 30Ω . The internal resistances of the sources are

negligble.

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39. Find the current flowing through the resistance R of 1

the circuit shown in Fig. If the resistances are equal to

R 1 = 10Ω. R 2 = 20Ω and R 3 = 30Ω , and the potential

of points 1,2 and 3 are equal to φ 1 = 10V , φ2 = 6V , and

φ3 = 5V

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40. A constant voltage V = 25V is maintained between

points A and B of the circuit (Fig). Find the magnitude

and direaction of the current flowing through the

segment CD if the resistances are equal to

R 1 = 1.0Ω, R 2 = 2.0Ω, R 3 = 3.0Ω adn R 4
= 4.0Ω .

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41. Find the resistance between points A and B of the

circuit shown in Fig.

 Watch Video Solution

42. Find how the voltage across the capacitor C varies

with time t after closing of the switch Sw at the moment

t = 0 .

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43. What amount of heat will be generated in a coil of

resistance R due to a charge q passing through it if the

current in the coil

a. decreases down to zero uniformly during a time

interval t ?0
b. decrases down to zero having its value every t0

seconds?

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44.

A dc source with internal resistance R0 is loaded with

three identical resistance R as shown in the figure. At

what value of R will the thermal power generated in this

circuit be the highest?

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45. Make sure that the current distribution over two

resistances R1 and R2 connnected in parallel

corresponds to the minimum thermal power generated

in this circuit.

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46. A storage battery with emfE = 2.6V loaded with an

external resistance produces a current I = 1.0A . In this

case the potential difference between the terminals of

the storage battery equals V = 2.0V . Find teh thermal

power generated in the battery and the power develop

in it electric forces.

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47. A voltage V is applied to a dc electric motor. The

armature winding resistance is equal to R. At what value

of current flowing through the winding resistance is

equal to R. At what value of current flowing through the

winding will the useful power of the motor be the

highest ? What is it equal to? What is the motor

efficiency in this case ?

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48. How much (in per cent) has a filament diameter

decreased due to evaporation if the maintances of the

previous temperature due to evaporation if the

maintenance of the previous temperatur required an

increases of the voltage by η = 1.0 % ? The amount of

heat transfereed fromt the filament into surrounding

space is assumed to be propotional to the filament

surface area.

View Text Solution

49. A conductor has a temperature-independent

resistance R and a total heat capacity C . At the

momenet t = 0 it is connected to a dc voltage V . Find

the time dependence of a conductor's temperature T

assuming the thermal power dissipated into

surrounding space to very as q = k(T − T0 ) , where k is

constant, T is the enviroment temperature (equal to the
0

conductor's temperature at the initial moment).

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50. A circuit shown in Fig, has resistances R 1 = 20Ω and

R 2 = 30Ω . At what value of the resitanace Rx will the

thermal power generated in it practically independent of

small variations of that resistance? The voltage between

the points A and B is supposed to be constant in this

case

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51. In a circuit shown in Fig, resistances R1 and R2 are

known , as well as emf's ξ and ξ . The internal resitances

1 2

of the sources are negatible. At what value of the

resitance R will teh thermal power generated in it be the

highest ? What is it equal to ?

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52. A series parallel combination battery consisting of a

large number N = 300 of identical cells, each will an

inernal resistance r = 0.3Ω, is loaded with an external

resistances R = 10Ω . Find the number n of parallel

groups consisting of an equal number of cells connected

in series, at which the external resistance generates the

highest thermal power.

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53. A capacitor of capacitance C = 5.00μF is connected

to a source of constant emfξ = 200V (Fig). Then the

swich Sw was thrown over from contact 1 to conatact 2.

Find the amount of heat generated in a resistance

R 1 = 500Ω if R 2
= 300Ω

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54. Between the plates of a parallel-plate capacitor there

is a metallic plate whose thickness takes up η = 0.60 of

the capacitor gap. When that plate is absent the

capacitor has a capacity C = 20nF . The capacitor is

connected to a dc voltage source V = 100V . The

metallic plate is slowly extraced from the gap. Find :

(a) the energy increment of the capacitor,

(b) the mechanical work performed in the process of

plate extraction.

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55. A glass plate totally fills up the gap between the

electrodes of a prallel-plate capacitor whose capacitance

in the absence of that glass plate is equal to C = 20nF .

The capacitor is connected that glass voltage source

V = 100V . The plate is slowly, and without friction,

extracted from the gap. Find teh capacitor energy

increment and the mechanical work perfomed in the

process of plate extraction.

 Watch Video Solution

56. A cylindrical capacitor conneced to a dc voltage

source V touches the surface of water with its end (Fig)

The sepration d between the capacitors electrodes is

substantially less than their mean radius. Find a height h

to which the water level in the gap will rise. The, capilary

effects are to be negelected.

 Watch Video Solution

57. The radii of spherical capacitor electrodes are equal

to a and , with
b a < b. The interlectordes ε and

resistivity ρ. Inititally the capacitor is not charged. At the

moment t = 0 the internal electorde gets a charge q0

Find:

(a) the times variation of the charge on the internal

elecrtordes,

(b) the amount of the heat generated during the

spreading of the charge.

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58. The electrodes of a capacitor of capacitance

C = 2.00μF carry opposite charges q0 = 1.00mC . Then

the electores are interconnected through a resistanace

R = 5.0M Ω . Find:

(a) the charge flowing thorugh that resistance during a

time interval τ = 2.00s ,

(b) the amount of heat generated in the resistance

during the same interval.

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59. In a circuit shown in fig. the capacitance of each

capacitor is equal to C and the resistance, to R One of

the capacitor was connected to a voltage V and then at

0
the moment t = 0 was shorted by means of the swich

Sw . Find:

(a) a current I in the circuit as a function of time t:

(b) the amount of generated heat provided a

dependence I(t) is known.

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60. A coll of radius r = 25cm wound of a thin a copper

wire of length l = 500m rotates with an angular velocity

ω = 300rad / s about its axis. The coll is connected toa

baliistic galvanometer by means of sliding contacts. The

total resistanace of the circuit is equal t R = 21Ω . Find

teh specific total resistance of the circuit is equal to

R = 21Ω . Find the specfiic charge of current carries in

copper if a sudden stoppage of the coil makes a charge

q = 10nC flow through the galvanometer.

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61. Find the total linear momentum of the electrons in a

conductor of length l = 1000m carrying a current

I = 70A .

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62. A copper wire carries a current of density

f = 1.0A / mm
2
. Assuming that one free electron

corresponds to each cooper atom, evalutea the distance

which will be covered by an electron during its

displacement l = 10mm along the wire.

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63. A straight copper wire of length l = 1000m and cross

sectional area S = 1.0mm

2
carries a current I = 4.5A .
Assuming that one free electron corresponds to each

copper atom, find,

(a) the time it takes an electron to displace from one end

of the wire to the other,

(b) the sum of electric froces acting on all free electrons

in the given wire.

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64. A homongeous proton beam acceletated by a

potentiail difference V = 600kV has a round cross-

section of radius r = 5.0mm . Find the electric fiel

dstrength on the surface of the beam and the potentia

difference between the surface of the beam and the

potential difference between the surface and the axis of

the beam if the beam current is equal to I = 50mA .

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65. Two large parallel plates are located in vacumm. One

of them serves as a cathoide, a source of electrodes

whose initial velocity is neglible . An electrones flows

direcee toward the opposite plate produces a space

charge causing the potential int eh gap betwnen the

plates to between the plates to very as φ = ax

1/3
,

where a is positive constant, and x is the distnaace form

the cathode. Find:

(a) the volume density of the space charge as a funciton

of x,

(b) the current density.

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66. The air between two parallel plates separated by a

distance d = 20mm is inoized by X-ray radisation. Each

plate has an area S = 500cm

2
. Find the concentration of

positive ions if at a voltage V = 100V a current

I = 30μA flows between the paltes, which is well below

the saturation current. The air ion mobilities are

u
+

0
= 1.37cm
2
/ (V . s) and u 0
= 1.91xm
2
/ (V . s)

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67. A gas is ionized in the immeiate vicinity of the surface

of plane electrode I (Fig) separated from electrodes 2 by

a distanae l. An alternating voltage varying with time t as

V = V0 sin ωt is applie dto the electrodes. On

decreasing the frequency ω it was observed that the

galvonometer G indicates a current only at ω < ω0 ,

where ω is a certain cut-off frequency. FInd the mobility

0

of ions reaching electrode 2 under these conditions.

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68. The air between two closely located plates is

uniformly ionized by ulraviolet radiation. The air volume

between the plates is equal to V = 500cm

3
, the

observed saturation current is equal to Isat = 0.48μA .

Find:

(a) the number of ion pairs produced in unit voume per

unit time,

(b) the equilibriium concentration of ion paris if tghe

recombination coefficient for air lions is eaual to

−8 3
r = 1.67.10 cm /s

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69. Having been operated long enough, the ionixer

producing n 1
= 3.5.10 cm
9 −3
. S
−1
of one pairs per unit

volume of air per unit time was switched off. Assuming

that the only process tending to reduce the numnber of

ions in air is thier recombination with coefficient

r = 1.67.10
−5
cm
3
/s , find how soon after the ioner

concentration decreases η = 2.0 times.

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70. A parallel-plate air capacitor whose plates are

separated by a distance d = 5.0mm is first chagred to

potantial dufferebce V = 90V and then disconneced

from a dc voltage the capacitor decreases by η = 1.0 %

taking into account that the average number of ion pairs

formed in air under standard contions per unit volume

per unit time is equal to n1

= 5.0cm
−3
s
−1
and that the

given voltage corresponds to the saturations current.

View Text Solution

71. The gap between two plane of a capacitor equal to d

is filled with a gas. One of the plates emits V0 electrones

per second which, moving in an electric field, ionize gas

molecules, this way each electrons produces α new

electrons (and ions ) along a unit length of its path. FInd

the electrons at the opposite plate, negelecting the

ionization of gas molecules by formes ions.

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 72. The gas between the capacitor plates separated by a

distance d is unifromly ionized by ultraviolet radiation so

that n electrons per unit volume per second are formed.

1

These electrons moving in the electric field of the

capacitor ioinze gas molecules , each electrons

producing α new electrons (and ion) per unti length of

its path.Neglecting teh ionization by ions, find the

electronic current density at the plate possessing a

higher potential.

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Constant Magnetic Fiels Magnetics

1. A current I = 1.00 A circulates in a round thin-wire

loop of radius R = 100mm . Find the magentic induction

(a) at the centre of the loop,

(b) at the point lying on the axis of the loop at a

disatnace x = 100mm from its centre.

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2. A regular polygon of n sides is formed by bending a

wire of total length 2πr which carries a current i. (a) Find

the magnetic field B at the centre of the polygon. (b) By

letting n → ∞ , deduce the expression for the magnetic

field at the centre of a circular current.

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3. Find the magentic inducrtion at the centre of a

recentagular wire frame whose diagonal is equal to

φ = 30
∘
, the current flowing in the frame equlas

I = 5.0A .

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4. A current I = 5.0A A flows along a thin wire shaped

as shwon in Fig. The radius of a curved part of the wire is

equal to R = 120mm , the angle 2φ = 90

∘
. Find the
magentic induction of the field at the point O.

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5. Find the magnetic induction of the field at the point O

of a loop with current I , whose shape is ilustrated

(a) in Fig. the radil a and b as welll as the angle φ are

known,

(b) In Fig , the radius a and the side b are known.

View Text Solution
6. A current I flows radius along a lengthy thin-walled

tube of radisu R with longiitual slit of width h. Find the

induction of the magnietic field inside the tube under

the condition h < < R

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7. A current I flows in a long straight wire with cross-

section haviing the form of a thin half-ring of radius R

(Fig). Find the induction of the magnitude field at the

point O.

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8. Find the magentic induction of the field at the pont O

if a current-carrying wire has the shape shown in Figa,b,c

The raidius of the curved part of the of the weir is R the

linear parts are assumed to be very long.

 Watch Video Solution

9. A very long wire carrying a current I = 5.0A A is bent

at right angles. Find the magnetic induction at a point

lying on a perpendicular to the wire, drawn through the

point of hending at a distance l = 35cm from it.

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10. Find the magnetic induction at the point O if the wire

carrying a current I = 8.0A has the shwon in Fig.

The radius of the curved part of the wire is R = 100mm ,

the linear parts of the wire are very long.

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11. Find the magntiude and diraction of the magnitude

induction vector B

(a) of an infinite palne carrying a current of linear density

I, the vector i is the same at all points of the plane,

(b) of two parallel infinite planes carrying currents of

linear densities a dn -1, the vectors i and −i are

cohnstant at all points of the corresponding planes.

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12. A unifrom current of density f flows inside an infinite

plate of thickness 2d parallel to its surface . Find the

magentic induction induced by this current as a

funcition of the distance x from the median palane of

the plate. The magnitude permeability is assumed to be

equal to unity both inside and outside the plates.

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13. A direct current I flows along a lengthly straight wire.

From the point O (fig) the current sperads radially all

over an infinite conducting plane paerpendicular to the

wire. Find the magnatic induction at all points of space.

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14. A current I flows along a round loop. Find the

intergal ∫ Bdr along the axi so the loop within the range
from − ∞ to + ∞. Expain the result obtained.

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15. A direct current of density j flows along a round

unifrom staright wire with cross-section radius R . Find

the magnectic induction vector of this current at the

point whose position relative to the axis of the wire is

defined by a radius vector r. The magentic permeabilility

is assumed to be equla to unity thoughhout all the

space.

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16. Inside a long staight unifrom wire of round cross-

section there is a long round cylindrical cavity whose axis

is parallel to the axis of the wire and displaced from the

latter by a distance 1. A direct current of density j flows

along the wire. Find the magnedtic induction inside the

cavity. Consider, in particular , the case l = 0.

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17. Find the current density as a funciton of distance r

from the axis of a radially symmetrical parallel stream of

electrons if the magentic induction inside the strems

varies as B = br
2
, wheree b and alpha` are positive

contans.
 Watch Video Solution

18. A very long straight solenoid has a cross section

radius R. A number of turns per unit length is equal to n.

Find the magnetic induction at the centre of the coil

when a current I flows thougth it.

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19. A very long straight solenoid has a cross section radis

R and n turns per unit lenghth. A direct current I flows

throguh the solenoid. Suppose that x is the distance

from the end of the the solenoid, measured along its

axis. Find:
(a) the magnetic induction B on the axis as a funciton of

x , draw an approximate plot of B vs ratio x / R,

(b) the distance x to the point on the axis at which the

0

value of B differs by η = 1% from that in the middle

section of the solnoid.

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20. A thin conducting strip of width h = 2.0cm is tightly

woudnd in the spahe of a very long coil with cross-

seciton radius R = 2.5cm to make a single-layer straight

solenoid. A direct curretnt I = 5.0 A flows through the

strip. Find the magnetic inductin inside and outside the

solenoid as a funcition of the distanance r from its axis.

View Text Solution

21. N = 2.5.10
3
wire turns are uniformly wound on a

woodern toroidal core of very smalll cross-section. A

current I flows through the wire. Find the magentic

induction inside the core to that at the centre of the

toroid.

View Text Solution

22. A direct current I = 10A a flows in a long straight

round conductor. Find the magnetic flux through a half

of wire's cross-section per one meter of its length.

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23. A very long straight solenoid carries a current i. The

cross-sectional area of the solenoid is equal to S , the

number of turns per unit length is equal to n . Find the

flux of the vector B through the end plane of the

solenoid.

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24. Fig, shows a toridal solenoidi whose cross-section is

rectangular. Find the magnetic flux thorugh the winding

equlals I = 1.7A , the total number of turns Is N = 1000

, the ratio of the outside diameter to the inside one is

η = 1.6, and the height is equal to h = 5.0cm .

Watch Video Solution

25. Find the magnetic moment of a thin round loop with

current if the radius of the loop is equal to R = 100mm

and the magnetic induction at its centre is equal to

B = 6.0μT .

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26. Calculating the magnetic moment ( in Am
2
) of a thin

wire with a current I=8A, wound tightlly on a half a tore

(see figure). The diameter of the cross section of the tore

is equal to d=5cm, and the number of turns is N=500.

Watch Video Solution

27. A thin insulated wire forms a plane spiral of N = 100

turns carrying a current i = 8mA . The inner and outer

radii are equal to a = 5cm and b = 10cm . Find the

magnetic induction at the centre of the spiral

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28. A non-conducting thin disc of radius R charged

uniformly over one side with surface density σ, rotates

about its axis with an angular velocity ω. Find (a) the

magnetic field induction at the centre of the disc (b) the

magnetic moment of the disc.

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29. A non-conducting sphere of radius R = 50mm

charged uniformly with surface density σ = 10.0μC / m

2

rotates with an angular velocity ω = 70 rad/s about the

asxis passign thorugh its centre. Find the magnetic

induction at the centre of the sphere.

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30. A charge q is unifromly distributed over the volume

of a unifrom ball of mass m and radius R which rotates

with an angular velocity ω about the axis passing

through its centre. Find the respective magnetic moment

and its ratio to the mechanical moment.

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31. A long dielectric cylinder of radius R us statically

plartized so that at all the its points the polarization is

equal to P = αx , where α is a positive constant, and r

is the distance from the axis. The cylinder is set into

ratation about its axis with an angular velocity ω. FInd

the magnetic induction B at the centre of the cylinder.

 View Text Solution

32. Two protons move parallel to each other with an

equal velcity v = 300km / s . Find the ration of forces of

magentic and electricla of the protons.

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33. Find the magtiude and direction of a force vector

acting on a unit length of a thin wire, carrying a current

I = 8.0A , at a point O. If the wire is hent as shown in (a)

Fig with curvature radius R = 10cm

(b ) Fig the distance between the long parallel segments

of the wire being equal to l = 20cm .

Watch Video Solution
34. A coil carrying a current 10mA is placed in a uniform

magnetic field so that its axis coincides with the field

direction. The single layer winding of the coil is made of

copper wire with diameter 0 ⋅ 1mm , radius of turns is

equal to 30mm . At what value of the induction of the

external magnetic field can the coil winding be ruptured?

Breaking stress is 3 ⋅ 8
1 × 10 N m
−2
.

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35. A copper wire with cross-sectional area S = 2.5mm

2

bent to make three sides of a square can turn about a

horizontal axis OO' (Fig). The wire is located in unifrom

vertical magnetic field. Find the magnetic induction if on

passing a current I = 16A through the wire the latter

deflects by an angle θ = 20
∘
.

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36. A small coil C with N = 200 turns is mounted on one

end of a balance beam and introduced between the

poles of an electromagnet as shown in Fig. The cross

sectinal area of the coil is S = 1.0cm

2
, the length of the
arm OA of the balance beam is l = 30cm . When there is

no current in the coil the balance is irl equilibrium. On

passing a current I = 22mA through the coil the

equiibrium is restroed by putting the additional

counterweight of mass Δm = 60mg ont he balnace pan.

Find the magnetic induction at the spot where the coil is

located.

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37. A square frame carrying a current I = 0.9A is located

in the same plane as a long straght wire carrying a

current, I0 = 5.0A . The frame side has a length

a = 8.0cm . The axis of the frame passing thorugh the

midpoints of opposite sides is parallel to the wire and is

separated from it by the distance which is η = 1.5 times

greater than the side of the frame. FInd:

(a) Ampere force acting on the frame,

(b) the mechnical work to be performed in order to turn

the frame throguh 180 about its axis, with the currents
∘

maintained constant.

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38. Two long parallel wires of negligible resistance are

connected at one end to a reasitance R and at the other

end to a dc voltage source. The distance between the

axes of the wires is η = 20 times greater than the cross-

sectional radius of each wire. At what value of resistance

R does the resultant force of interaction between the

wires turn into zero ?

View Text Solution

39. A direct currenty I flows in a long straight conductor

whose cross-sectional has the from of a the half-ring of

radius R . The same current flows in the opposite

direction along a thin condocutor located on the "axis"

of the first conductor (point O in FIg). Find teh magnetic

interaction force between them reduced to a unit of

thier length.

View Text Solution

40. Two long thin parallel conductors of the shape

shown in Fig. carry direct currents I1 and width of the

right-hand conductor is equal to b. With both conductors

lying in one plane, find the magnetic interaction force

between them reduced to a unit of their length.

View Text Solution

41. A system consists of two parallel planes carrying

currents producing a unifrom magnetic field of induction

B between the planes. Outside this space there is no

magnetic field. Find the magnetic force acting this space

there is no magentic field. Find the magnetic force acting

per unit area of each plane.

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42. A conducting current-carrying plane is placed in an

external unifrom magnetic field. As a result, the magnetic

induction becomes equal to B1 on one of the plane and

too B2 on the other. Find the magnetic force acting per

unit area of teh plane in hte cases illiustrated in FIg.

Determine the direction of the current in the plane in

each case.
 View Text Solution

43. In an electromagnetic pump designed for

transferring molten metals a pipe section with metal is

located in unifrom magnetic field of induction B (Fig) A

curent I is made to flow across this pipe section in the

direaction perpendicular both to the vector B and to the

axis of the pipe. FInd the gauge pressure produced by

the pump if B = 0.10T , l = 100A , and a = 2.0cm ,

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44. A current I flows in a long thin walled cylinder of

radius R . What pressure do the walls of the cylinder

experience ?

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45. What pressure does that the laterial surface of a long

staraight solenoid with n turns per unit length

experience when a current I flows throguh it?

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46. A current I flows in a long single layer solenoid with

cross-sectional radius R . The number of turns per unit

length of the solenoid equals n. Find the limiting current

at which the winding may ruputure if the tensile

strength of the wire is equal to F lim

.

Watch Video Solution

47. A parallel plate capacitor with area of each plate

equal to S and the separation between them to d is put

into a stream of conducting liquid with respectivity ρ .

The liquid moves parallel to the plates with a constant

velocity v. The whoel system is located in a unifrom

magentic field of induction B , vector B being parallel to

the plates are interconnected by means of an exteranal

resistance R. What amount of power is genrated in that

resistance? At what value of R is the generated power

the highest? What is this highest power equla to ?

Watch Video Solution

48. A straight round copper conductor of radius

R = 5.0mm carries a current I = 50A Find the

potentail difference between the axis of the conductor

and its surface. The concentration of the conduction

electrons in copper is equal to n = 0.9.10

33
cm
−3
.

Watch Video Solution

49. In Hall effect measurements ina sodium conductor

the strength of a transervse field was found to be equla

to E = 5.0μV / cm with a current density

j = 200A / cm
2
and magentic induction B = 1.00T .

Find the conentrations of the condiction electrons and

its ratio to the total number of atoms in the given

conductor.

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50. Find the mobility of the conduction electrons in a

copper conductor if in Hall effect measuremaents

performed in the magnetic fileld of induction

B = 100mT the transverse electric field strength of the

given conductor turned out be η = 3.1.10

3
times less

than that of the longtudinal electric field.

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51. A small current-carrying loop is located at a distance r

from a long straight conductor with current I . The

magnetic moment of the loop is equal to pm . Find the

magnitude and direction of the force vector applied to

the loop if the vector pm

(a) is parallel to the stratight conductor,

(b) is oriented along the radius vector r,

(c) coincides in direction with the magnetic field

produced by the current I the point where the loop is

located.

Watch Video Solution

52. A small current-carrying coil having a megantic

moment pm is located at the axis of a round loop of

radius R with current I flowing thorough it. Find the

magnitude of the vector force applied to the coil if its

distance from the centre of the loop is equal to x and

the vector pm coincides in direction with the axis of the

loop.

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53. Find the interaction force of two coils with magnetic

moment p 1m
= 43.0mA. m
2
and p2m = 6.0mA. m
2
and

coilnear axis if the separation between the coils is equal

to l = 20cm which exceeds considerably their linear

dimensions.

View Text Solution

54. A permanent magnent has the shape of a sufficiency

thin disc magnetized along its axis. The radius of the disc

is R = 1.0cm . Evaluate the magnitude of a molecular

current I' flowing along the rin of the disc, lying at a

distance x = 10cm from its centre, is equal to

B = 30μT .

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55. The magnetic induction in vacumm at a plane surface

of a uniform istropic magnetic is equal to B , the vector

B forming an angle α with the normal of the surface.

The permeability of th emagnetic is equal to μ. Find the

magnitic of the magnetic induction B in the magnetic in

the vicinity of its surface.

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56. The magentic induction in vacumm at a plaen surface

of a magentic is equal to B and the vector B forms an

angle θ with the normal n of the surface (Fig). The

permeability of the magnetic is equal to μ. Find:

(a) the flux of the vector H through the spherical surface

S of radius R , whose centre lies on the surface of the

magentic,

(b) the circulation of the vector B around the square

path I' widh side l located as shwon in the fig.

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57. A direct current I flows in a long round unifrom

cylindrical wire made of permagnetic with sesceptibility

χ . Find

(a) the surface molecule current I ,

s

(b) the volume mulecule current I' . v

How are these currents directed toward each other?

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58. Half of an infinitely long straight current-carrying

solenoid is filled with magnetic substance as shown in

Fig. Draw the appoximater plots of magnetic induction B

, strength H and magnetization J on the axis as

functions of x.

View Text Solution

59. An infinitely long wire with a current I flowing in it is

located in the boundary plane between two non-

conducting media with permeabilities μ1 and μ2 . Find

the modulus of the magnetic induction vector

thorughout the space as a function of the distance r

from the wire. It should be horne in mind that the lines

of the vector B are circles whose centres lie on the axis

of the wire.

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60. A round current-carrying loop lies in the plane

boundary between magnetic and vacumm. The

permeability of th emagnetic is equal to μ Find the

magnetic induction B at an arbitary point on the axis of

the loop if in the absence of th e magnetic the magnetic

induction at the same point becomes equal to B0 .

Genralize the obtained result to all poins of the field.

View Text Solution

61. When an ball made of uniform magnetic is introduced

into an external unifrom magnetic induction B inside

the ball with permeability μ, recall that the magnetic

field is inside a unifromly mag netized ball is unifrom and

its strength is equal to H' , where

= J /3 J is the

magnetization.

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62. N = 300 turns of thin wire are uniformly wound on a

permanent magnet shaped as a cylinder whose length is

equla to l = 15cm . When a current I = 3.0A was

passed through the wring the field outside the magnet

disappeared. Find the coercive force He of the materail

from which the magnet was manufaucured.

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63. A permanent magnety is shaped as a ring with a

narrow ghap between the poles. The mean diameter of

the ring equals d = 20cm . The width of the gap is equal

to b = 2.0mm and the magnetic induction in the gap is

equal to b = 40mT'. Assuming that the scattering of the

magnetic flux at the gap edges is negligible, find the

modulus of the magnetic fleid strength vector inside the

magnet.

Watch Video Solution

64. An iron core shaped as a tore number of turns mean

R = 250mm . The supports a winding with the total

number of turns N = 1000 . The core has a cross-cut of

width b = 1.00mm . With a current I = 0.85 A flowing

through the winding, the magnetic induction in the gap

is equal to B = 0.75T . Assuming the scarttering of the

magnetic flux at the grap edges to be negligible, find the

permeaiility of iron under these conditions.

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65. Fig illustrates a basic magnetization curve of iron

(commerical purity grade). Using tis plot, draw th

permeability μ as a function of the magnetic filed

strength H . At what value of H is the permeability the

greatest ? What is μ max

equal to ?

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66. A thin iron ring with mean diameter d = 50cm

supports a winding consisting of N = 800 turns carrying

current I = 3.0A . The ring has a cross-cut of width

b = 2.0mm . Neglecting the scattering of the magnetic

flux at the gap edges, and using the plot shown in FIg.

find the permeabitliy of iron under these conditions.

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67. A long thin cylinder rod mode made of paramegnetic

with magnetic suspectibilty χ and having a cross-

carrying coil. One end of the rod is located at the coil

centre where the magnetic induction equal to B wheares

the other end is located in the region where the

magnetic field is practically absent. What is the force

that the coil exerts on the rod ?

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68. In the arrangement shown in Fig it is possible to

measure (by means of a balance) the force with which a

paramagnetic ball of volume V = 41mm

3
is attrated to

a pole of the electromagnet M . The magnetic induction

at the axis of the poleshoe depends on the height x as

B = B0 exp 2
( − ax ) , where B 0
= 1.50T , a = 100m
−2

. Find:

(a) at what height xm the ball experiences the maximum

attraction,
(b) the magnetic suspeptibility of the paranagnetic if the

maximum attraction force equals F max

= 160μN .

View Text Solution

69. A small ball of volume V made of paramagnetic with

susceptibility χ was slowly displace along the axis of a

current-carrying coil from the point where the magnetic

induction equals B out to the region where the

 magnetic field is the practically absent. What amount of

work was performed during this process ?

View Text Solution

Electromagnetic Induction

1. A wire bent as a parabola y = ax

2
is located in a

uniformed magnetic field of induaction B , the vector B

being perpendicular to the plane x − y . At moment

t = 0 a connector starts sliding translationwise from the

parabola apex with a constant acceleration ω . Find the

emf of electromagnetic induction in the loop thus

formed as a function of y
 Watch Video Solution

2. A rectangular loop with a sliding connector of length l

is located in a uniform magnetic field perpendicular to

the loop plane. The magnetic induction is equal to B. The

connector has an electric resistance R , the sides ab and

cd have resistances R1 and R2 . Neglecting the self-

inductance of the loop, find the current flowing in the

connector during its motion with a constant velocity v.

 Watch Video Solution

3. A metal disc of radius R = 25cm rotates with a

constant angular velocity ω = 130 rad s

−1
about its axis.

Find the potential difference between the center and rim

of the disc if

(a) the external magnetic field is absent,

(b) the external uniform megnetic field B = 5.0 mT

directed perpendicular to the disc.

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4. A thin wire AC shaped as a semi-circle of diaameter

d = 20cm rotates with a constant angular velocity

ω = 100 rad/s in a unifrom magnetic field of induction

B = 5.0mT , with ω ↑ ↑ B . The rotation axis passes

through the end A of the wire and is perpendicular to

the diameter AC . Find the value of a line intergal ∫ Edr

along the wire from point A to C . Generalize the

botained result.

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5. A wire loop enclosing as semicircle of radius R is

located on the boudary of uniform magnetic field B . At

the moment t = 0 , the loop is set into rotation with a

costant angular acceleration α about an axis O

coinciding with a line of vector B on the boundary. Find

the emf induced in the loop as a function of time. Draw

the approximate plot of this function.The arrow in the

figure shows the emf direction taken to be positive.

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6. A long straight wire carrying a current I and a II -

shaped conductor with siding connector are located in

the same plane as shown in Fig. The connector of length

l and resistance R sides to the right with a current

induced in the loop as a function of separation r

between the connector and the stragiht wire. The

resistance of the II -shaped conductor and the self-

induced of the loop are assumed to be negligible.

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7. A square frame with side a and a long straight wire

carrying a current i are located in the same plane as m

shown in figure. The fram translates to the right with a

constant velocity v. Find the emf induced in the frame as

a function of distance x.

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8. A metal rod of mass m can rotate about a horizontal

axis O, sliding along a circular conductor of radius a (fig).

The arrangment is located in a unifrom magnetic field of

induction B directed perpendicular to the ring plane.

The axis and the ring are connected to an emf source to

form a circuit of resistance R . Neglecting the friction,

circuit induction and ring resistance, find the law

according to which the source and must very to make

the rod rotate with a constant angular velocity ω.

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9. A copper connector of mass m slides down two

smooth cooper bars, set at an angle α to the horizontal

due to gravity (Fig). At the top the bars is equal to l. The

system is located in a unifrom magnetic field of

induction B , perpendicular to the plane in which the

connector slides. The resistances of the bars, the

connector and the sliding contacts, as well as the self-

inductance of the loop, are assumed to be negligible.

Find the steady-state velocity of the connector.

 Watch Video Solution

10. The system differs from the one examined in the

foregoing problem (Fig ) by a capacitor of capacitance C

replacing the resistance R . Find the accelearation of the

connector.

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11. A wire shaped as a semi-circle of radius a rotates

about sn sxis OO' with an angular velocity ω in a

unifrom magnetic field of induction B' (Fig). The

rotation axis is perpendicular to the field direction. The

total resistance of the circuit is equal to R . NEglecting

the magnetic field of the induced current, find the meand

amount of thermal power being generated in the loop

fueing a rotation period.

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12. A small coll is intorduced between the poles of an

electromagnent so that its axis coincides with the

magnetic field direction. The cross sectional ara of the

coil is equal to S = 30mm

2
, the its diameter a balistic

galvanometer connected to the coil indicates a charge

q = 4.5μC flowing through it. Find the magnetic

induction magnitude between the poles provided the

total resistance of the electric circuit equals R = 40Ω

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13. A square wire frame with side a and a straight

conductor carrying constant current I are located in the

same plane (Fig). The inductance and the resitance of the

frame are equal to L and R respectively. The frame was

turned throgh 180

∘
about the axis OO' separated fromt

the current carrying conductor by a distance b. FInd the

electric charge having flown through the frame.

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14. A long straight wire carries a current I0 . At distances

a and b from it there are two other wires, parallel to the

former one, which are interconnected by a resistance R

(Fig). A connector slides without friction along the wires

with a constant velocity v. Assuming the resistances of

the wires, the conductor, the sliding contacts, and the

self-inductance of the frame to be negligable, find:

(a) the magnitude and the direction of the current

induced in the connector,

(b) the force required to maintain the connector's

velocity constant.

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15. A conductor rod AB of mass m slides without friction

over two long conducting rails separated by a distance

(Fig) At the left end the raidls are interconnected by a

resistance R . The system is located in a unifrom

magnetic fileld perpendicular to the plane of the loop. At

the moment t = 0 the rod AB starts moving to the

right with an initial velocity v0 . Neglecting the

resistances of the rails and the rod AB, as wellas the self

-indcuctance, find:

(a) the distance covered by the rod until it comes to a

standsill,

(b) the amount of heat generated in the resitance R

during this process.

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16. A connector AB can slide without frictiion along a II -

shaped conductor located in a horizontal plane (Fig). The

connector has a length l, mass m and resistance R . The

whole system is located in a unifrom magnetic field of

induction B directed vertically. At the moment t = 0 a

constant horizontal force F starts acting on the

connector shifting it translationwise to the right. Find

how th e velocity o fhte connector varies with time t. The

inductance of the loop and the resistance of the II-

shaped conductor conductor are assumed to be

negligible

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17. Fig. illustrates plane figures made of thin conductors

which are located in a uniform magnetic field directed

away from a reader beyond the plane of the drawing. The

magnetic induction starts diminshing. Find how the

currents induced in these loops are directed.

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18. A plane loop is shaped as two squares (Fig) and

placed in a uniform magnetic field at right angle to the

loop's plane. The magnetic induction varies with time as

−1
B = B 0 sin(ω)t, whereB 0 = 10mT and (ω) = 100rads

. The wires do not touch at point A. If resistance per unit

length of the loop is 50m(Ω) / m , then amplitude of

current induced in the loop is

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19. A plane loop is shaped as two squares (Fig) and

placed in a uniform magnetic field at right angle to the

loop's plane. The magnetic induction varies with time as

−1
B = B 0 sin(ω)t, whereB 0 = 10mT and (ω) = 100rads
. The wires do not touch at point A. If resistance per unit

length of the loop is 50m(Ω) / m , then amplitude of

current induced in the loop is

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20. A π shaped metal frame is located in a uniform

magnetic field perpendicular to the plane of the

conductor and varying with time at the rate

(dB / dt) = 0. I0T / sec . A conducting connector starts

moving with an acceleration a = I0cm / sec

2
along the

parallel bars of the frame. The lenght o0f the connector

is equal to l = 20cm . Find the emf induced in the loop

t = 2 sec after the beginnig of the motion, if at the

moment t = 0 the loop area and the magnetic induction

are equal to zero. The inductance of the loop is to be

neglected.

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21. In a long staright solenoid with cross-sectional radius

a and number of turns per unit length n a current varies

.

with a constant velocityIA / s. Find the magntidue of the

eddy current field strength as a function of the distance

r from the solenoid axis. Draw the appoximate plot of

this function.

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22. A long straight solenoid of cross-sectional diameter

d = 5cm and with n = 20 turns per one cm of its length

has a round turn of copper wire of cross-sectional area

S = 1.0mm
2
tightly put on its winding. Find the current

flowing in the turn if the current in the solenoid winding

.

is increased with a constant velocity I = 100A / s . The

inductance of the turn is to be neglected.

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23. A long solenoid of cross-sectional radius a has a thin

insulates wiere ring tightly put on its winding, one half

of the ring has the resistance η times that of the other

half. The magneticv induction produced by the solenoid

varies with the time as B = bt , where b is a constant.

Find the magnitude of the electric field strength in the

ring.

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24. A thin non-conducting ring of mass m carrying a

charge q can freely rotate about its axis. At the initial

moment the ring was at rest and no magnetic field was

present. Then a practically unifrom magnetic field was

switched on, which was perpendicular to the planeof the

ring and increased with time according to a certain law

B(t) , Find the angluar velocity ω of the ring as a function

of the induction B(t).

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25. A thin wire ring of radius a and resitance r is located

inside a long solenoid is equal to l, its cross-sectional

radius , to b. At a certain moment the solenoid was

connected to a source of a constant voltage V . The total

resistance of the circuit is equal to R . Assuming the the

radial force acting per unit length of the ring.

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26. A magentic flux through a statinary loop with a

resistance R varies during the tiem interval τ as

Φ = at(τ − t) . Find the amount of heat generated in

the loop during that time. The inductance of the loop is

to be neglected.

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27. In the middle of a long solenoid there is a coaxial ring

of square cross-seciton, made of conducting materaial

with respectivity are equal to h its inside and outside

radii are equal to a and b respectively. Find the current

induced in the ring if the magnetic induction produced

by the solenoid varies with time as B = βt , where ,

βt
where β is constant. THe inductance of the ring is to be

neglected.

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28. How many meters of a thin wire are required to

manufacture a solenoid of length l0 = 100cm and

inductance L = 1.0mH if the solnoid's cross -sectional

diameter is condiserably less than its length ?

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29. Find the inductance of a solenoid of length l whose

winding is made of copper wire of mass m . The winding

resistance is equal to R . The solenoid diameter is

considerably less than its length.

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30. A coil of inductance L = 300mH and resitance

R = 140mΩ is connected to a constant voltage source.

How soon will the coil current reach η = 50 % of the

steady-state value ?

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31. Calculate the time constant τ of a straight solenoid of

length l = 1.0m having a single-layer winding of copper

wire whose total mass is equal to m = 1.0kg . The cross-

sectional diameter of the solenoid is assumed to be

considerably less than its length.

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32. Find the inductance of a unit length of a cable

consisting of two thin-walled coaxial metallic cylinders if

the radius of the outside cylinder is η = 3.6 times that

of the inside one. The permeabitity of a medium between

the cylinders is assumed to be equal to unity.

View Text Solution

33. Calculate the inducatance of a doughunt solenoid

whose inside radius is equal to b and cross-section has

the form of a square with side a. The solenoid winding

consists of N turns. The space inside the solenoid is

filled up with unifrom paramagnetic having permeability

μ.

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34. Calculate the inuctance of a unit length of a double

tape line (Fig) if the tapes are separated by a distance h

which is considerabley less than their width b, namely,

b / h = 50.

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35. Find the inductane of a unit length of a double line if

the radius of each wire is η times less than the distance

between the axes of the wires. The field inside the wires

is to be neglected, the permeability is assumed to be

equal to unity throughout, and η > > 1.

 Watch Video Solution

36. A supercondutig round ring of radius a and

inductance L was located in a unifrom magnetic fied of

induction B. The ring plane was parallel to the vector B ,

and the current in the ring was equal to zero. Them the

ring was turned through 90

∘
so that its plane became

perpendicular to the feild. FInd:

(a) the current induced in the ring after the turn,

(b) the work perfromed during the turn.

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37. A Current I0 = 1.9A flows in a long closed solenoid.

The wire it is wound of is a superconducting state. Find

the current flowing in the solenoid when the length of

the solenoid is increased by η = 5% .

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38. A ring radius a = 50mm made of thin wire of radius

b = 1.0mm was located in a unifrom magnetic field with

induction B = 0.50mT so that the ring place was

perpenficular to the vector B . Then the ring was cooled

down to superconducting state, and the magnetic field

was swichted off. Find the ring current after that. Note
that the inductiance of a thin ring along which the
8a
surface current flows is equal to L = μ0 a(In − 2).
b

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39. A closed circuit consits of a source of constant and E

and a choke coil of inductance L connected in series. The

active resistance of the whole circuit is equal to R. At the

moment t = 0 the choke coil inductance was decreased

abrupty η times. FInd the current in the circuit as a

function of time t.

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40. Find the time dependence of the current flowing

through the inductance L of the circuit shown in Fig

after the swich Sw is shorted at the moment t = 0 .

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41. In the circuit shown in Fig. emfE , a resistance R ,

and coil inductances L1 and L2 are known. The internal

resistance of the source and the coil resistances are

neglible. Find the steady-state currents in the coils after

the swich Sw was shorted.

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42. Calculate the mutual inductance of a long straight

wire and a rectangular frame with sides a and b. The

frame and the wire lie in the same plan, with the side b
being closent to the wire, separated by a distance l from

it and oriented parallel to it.

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43. Determine the mutual inductance of a doughnut coil

and an infinite straight wire passing along its axis. The

coil has recatangular cross-section, its inside radius is

equal to a and the outside one, to b. The length of the

doughtnut's cross-sectinla side parallel to the wire is

equal to h. The coil has N turns. The system is located in

a unifrom magnetic with permeability μ.

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44. Two thin concentric wires shpaed as circles with radii

a and b lie in the same plane. Allowing for a < < b , find:

(a) their mutual inductane,

(b) the magnetic flux through the surface enclosed by

the outside wire, when the inside wire carries a current I .

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45. A small cylindrical magnet M (Fig) is placed in the

centre of a thin coil of radius a consisting of N turns.

The coil in connected to a ballistic galvanometer. The

active resistance of the whole circuit is equal to R . Find

the magnetic moment of the magnet if its removel from

the coil results in a charge q flowing through the

galvanometer.

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46. Find the appoximate formula expressing the mutual

inductance of two thin coaxial loops of the same radius a

if their centres are separated by a distance l, with

l > > a

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47. There are two stationary loops with mutual

inductance L . The current is one of the loops starts to

12

be varied as I1 = αt where α is a current, t is time. Find

the time dependence I2 (t) of the current in the other

loop whose inductance is L and resistance R.

2

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48. A coil of inductance L = 2.0μH and resitance

R = 1.0Ω is connected to a source of constant

emfE = 3.0V . A resistance R s = 2.0Ω is connected in

parallel with the coil. Find the amount of heat generated

in the coil after the swich Sw is disconnecied. The

internal resistance of the source is negligible.

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49. An iron tor suports N = 500 turns. Find the

magnetic field energy if a current I = 2.0A preoduces a

magnetic flux across the tore's cross-section equal to

Φ = 1.0mW b .

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50. An iron core shaped as a doughnut with round cross-

section of radius a = 3.0cm carreis a winding of

N = 1000 turns through which a current I = 1.0A

flows. The mean radius of the doughnut is b = 32cm .

Using the polt in Fig. Find the magnetic energy strored

up in the core. A field strength H is suposed to be the

same throughout the cross-section and equal to its

magnitude in the centre of the cross-section.

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51. A thin ring made of magnetic has a mean diameter

d = 30cm and supports a winding of N = 800 turns.

The cross-sectional area of the ring is equal to

S = 5.0cm
2
. The ring has a cross-cut of width

b = 2.0mm . When the winding carries a certain current,

the permeability of the magnectic equals μ = 1400 .

Neglectign the disipation of magnetic flux at the gap

edges, find:

(a) the ratio of magnetic energies in the gap and in the

magnetic,

the inductance of the system, do it two ways: using the

flux and using the energy of the field.

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52. A long cylinder of radius a carrying a unifrom surface

charge rotates about its axis with an anglur velocity ω .

Find the magnetic field energy per unit length of the

cylinder if the linear charge density equals λ and μ .

= 1

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53. At what magnetic of the electric field srength in

vacumm the volume energy density of this field is the

same as that of the magnetic field with induction

B = 1.0T (also in vacumm).

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54. A thin uniformly charged ring of radius a = 10cm

rotates about its axsi with an angluaar velocity

ω = 100rad / s . Find the ratio of volume energy densities

of magnetic and electric fields on the axis of the ring at a

point removed from its centre by a distance l = a

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55. Using the expression for volume density of magnetic

eneregy, demonstare that the amount of work

contributed to magnetization of a unit volume of para or

diamagentic, is equal to A = − JB / 2.

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56. Two indentical coils, each of inductance L, are

interconnected (a) in series, (b) in parallel. Assuminng

the mutual insducane of the coils to be negliglible, find

the inductance fo the system in both cases.

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57. Two solenoids of equal length and almost equal

cross-sectional area are fully inserted into one another

Find their mutual inductances are equal to L and L .

1 2

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58. Demonstarate that the magnetic energy of

interaction of two current-carrying loops located in

1
vacumm can be represented as Wia = ( )∫ B 1 B 2 dV ,
μ0

where B1 and B2 are the magnetic inductions within a

volume element dV , produced indiviually by the currents

of the first and the secound loop respectively.

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59. Find the interaction energy of two loops carrying

currents I1 and I2 if both loops are shaped as circles of

radii a and b, with a < < b . The loops centres are

located at the same point and their planes from an angle

θ between them.
 Watch Video Solution

60. The space between two concentric metallic spheres is

filled up with a unifrom poorly conducting medium of

resistivity ρ and permittivity ε. At what moment t = 0

the inside sphere obtains a certain charge. Find:

(a) the relation between the vectros of displacement

current density and conduction current density at an

arbitarry point of the medium at the same moment of

time,

(b) the displacement current across an arbitrary closed

surface wholly located in the medium and enclosing the

internal sphere, if at the given moment of time the

charge of that sphere is equal to q.

 Watch Video Solution

61. A parallel plate capcitor is formed by two discs with a

unifrom poorly conducting medium between them. The

capacitor was initally charged and then disconnected

form a voltage source. Neglecting the edge effects, show

that there is no magnetic field between capcitor plates.

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62. A parallel plate air condenser whose each plate has

an area S = 100cm
2
is connected in series to an ac

circuit. Find the electric field strength amplitude in the

capacitor if the sinusolidal current amplitude in lead

wires is equal to I m
= 1.0mA and the current frequency

equals ω = 1.6. 10 S
7 −1
.

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63. The space between the electrodes of a parallel-plate

capacitor is filled with a uniform poorly conducting

medium of conductivity σ and permittivity ε . The

capacitor plates shaped as round discs are separted by a

distance d . Neglecting the edge effects, find the

magnetic field strength between the plates at a distance

r from their axis if an ac voltage V = Vm cos ωt is

applied to the capacitor.

View Text Solution

64. A long straight solenoid has n turns per unit length.

An alternating current I = Im sin ωt flows throught it.

Find the displacement current density as a function of

the distnace r from the solenoid equals R.

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65. A point charge q moves with a non-relatives velocity v

.

= const. Find the displacement current density d at a

point location at a distance r from the charges on a

straight line

(a) coinciding with the charge path,

(b) perpendicualr to the path and passing through the

charge.
 Watch Video Solution

66. A thin wire ring of radius a carrying a charge q

approcahes the observation point P so that its centre

moves rectilinearly with a constant velocity v. The plane

of the ring remians perpendicular to the motion

direction. At what distance xm from the point P will the

ring be located at the moment when the displacement

current density at the point P becomes maximum? What

is the magnitude of this maximum density ?

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67. A point charge q moves with a non-relativestic

velocity v = const. Applying the theorem for the

circulation of the vector H around the dotted circle

shown in Fig, H at the point A as a function of a radius

vector r and velocity v of the charge.

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68. Using Maxwell's equacations. Show that

(a) a time dependent magnetic field cannot exist without

an electric field,

(b) a unifrom electric field cannot exist in the presence of

a time-dependence magnetic field,

(c) inside an empty cavity a unifrom electric (or magnetic

) field can be time-dependent.

View Text Solution

69. Demonstrate that the law of electric charge

conservation, i.e., ∇. J = − ∂ρ/ ∂t , follows from

Maxwell's equactions.

View Text Solution

70. Demonstrate that Maxwell's equations

∇ × E = − ∂B/ ∂t and ∇. B = 0 are compatible,

i.e., the first one does not contradict the secound one.

View Text Solution

71. In a certain region of the inertial reference frame

there is magnetic field with induction B rotating with

angluar velocity ω. Find ∇ × E in this region as a

function of vectors ω and B

View Text Solution

72. In the interial reference frame K there is a unifrom

magentic field the induction B . Find the electric feidl

strength in the frame K' which moves relative to the

frame K with a non-relatistic veclocity v, with v ⊥ B . To

solve this problem, consider the forces acting an an

imaginary charge in the frame K' is equal to zero.

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73. A large plate of non-ferromagnetic material moves

with a constant velocity v = 90cm / s in a unifrom

magnetic field with induction B = 50mT as shown in

Fig. Find the surface density of electric charges

appearing on the plate as a result of its motion.

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74. A long solid aluminum cylinder of radius a = 5.0cm

rotates about its axis in unidrom magnetic field with

induction B = 10mT . The angluar velocity of rotation

equlas ω = 45rad / s with ω ↑ ↑ B Neglecting the

magnetic field of appearing chagres, find their spcae and

surfaface densities.

View Text Solution

75. A non-relativistic point charge q moves with a

constant velocity . Using the field transformation

v

formula. Find the magnetic induction B produced by this

charge at the point whose position relative to the charge

is determind by the radius vector r.

View Text Solution

76. Using Eqs. Demonstrate that if in the intertial

reference frame K there is only electric or only magnetic

field. In any other interial frame K' both electric and

magnetic fiedls will coxist simutaneously, with E' ⊥ B' .

View Text Solution

77. In an interial reference frame K there is only

magnetic field with induction B = b(yl − x) / (x

2 2
+ y ) ,

where b is a constane, i and j are the unit vectors of the

x and y axes. Find the elecric field strength E' in the

frame K' moving relative to the frame K with a

constatn non-relative velocity v = vk, k is the unit

vector of the z-axis. The z' axis is assumed to coincule

with the z axis. What is the shape of the field E' ?

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78. In an interial reference from K there is only electric

field of strength E = a(xl + y) / x

2 2
+ y ) , where a is a

constant, i find j are unit vectors of the x and y axes.

Find the magtnetic induction B' in the frame K'

moving relative to the freame K with a consant non-

relativistic velocity v = vklk is the unit vector of the z-

axis. The z' axis is assumed to coincule with the z-axis.

What is the shape of the magnetic induction B' ?

View Text Solution

79. Demostrate that the transformation forumulas (3.6h)

fllow from the formulas (3.6i) at v < < c .

View Text Solution

80. In an inertial reference frame K there is only a

unifrom electric field E = 8kV / m in strength. Find the

modulus and direction

(a) of the vector E' (b) of the vector B' in the interial

refrernce frame K' moving with a constant velocity v

relative to the frame K at an angle α = 45

∘
to the

vector E . The velocity of the frame K' is equla to a

β = 0.60 fraction of the velocity of light.

View Text Solution

81. Solve a problme differing from the forgoing one by a

magnetic field with induction B = 0.8T replacing the

electric field.

View Text Solution

82. Electromagnetic field has two invariant quatities.

Using the transformation formulas (3.6i) demonstrate

that these quanties are

(a) EB, (b) E 2 2

− c B
2
.

View Text Solution

83. In an interial reference frame K there are two

uniform mutulaly perpendicular fields, an electric field of

strength E = 40kV / m and a magnetic fleid induction

B = 0.20mT . Find the electric strength E' (or the

magnetic induction B' ) in the reference frame K' where

only one field, electric or magnetic, is observed.

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84. A point charge q moves unifromly and rectilnearly

with a relativistic with a relativistic velocity of light

(β = v / c) . Find the electric field strength E produced

by the charge at the point whose radius vector relatives

 to the charge is equal to r and forms an angle θ with its

velocity vector.

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Motion Of Charged Particle In Magnetic Field

1. At the moment t = 0 on electron leaves one plate of a

parallel-plate capacitor with a neglible velocity. An

accelerting volatage, varrying as V = at , where

a = 100V / s is applied between the plates is l = 5.0cm .

What is the velocity of the of the electron at the moment

it reaches the opposite plate?

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2. A proton accelarted by a potential differnce V gets

into the unifrom electric field of a paralallel-plate

capacitor whose plates extended over a length l in the

motion direction. The field strenth varies with time as

E = at , where a is a constant. Assuming the proton to

be non-relatistic, find the angle between the motion

directions of the proton before and after its fight throgh

the capacitor, the proton gets in the field at the moment

t = 0 . The edge effects are to be neglected.

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3. A particle with specific charge q/m moves

rectilinerarly due to an electric field E = E0 − ax , where

a is a positive constant, x is the distance from the point

where the particle was initially at rest. Find:

(a) the distance covered by the particle till the moment it

came to a standstill,

(b) the acceleration of the particle at that moment.

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4. An electron starts moving in a unifrom electric fied of

strength E = 10kV / cm . How soon after will the kinetic

energy of the electron become equal to its rest energy ?

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5. Determine the accelration of a relativistic electron

moving along a unifrom electric field of strength E at

the moment when its kinetic energy becomes equal to T .

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6. At the moment t = 0 a relativsitic proton files with a

velocity v0 into the region where there is a unifrom

transverse electric field of strength E , with v0 ⊥ E . Find

the time dependence of

(a) the angle θ between the proton's velocity vector v

and the initial direction of its motion,

(b) the projection vx of the vector v on the initial

direction of motion.
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7. A proton accelarted by a potential differnce

V = 500kV fieles through a unifrom transverse

magnetic filed the induction B = 0.54T . The field

occupies a region of space d = 10cm in thickness (Fig).

Find the angle α through which the proton deviates

from the initial direction of its motion.

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8. A charged particle moves along a circle of radius

r = 100mm in a unifrom magnetic field with induction

B = 10.0mT . Find its velocity and perios of revolution if

that particle is

(a) a non-relativistic proton,

(b) a relativistic electron.

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9. A relativistic particle with charge q and rest mass m ,

moves along a circle of readius r in a uniform magnetic

field of induction B. Find:

(a) the modulus of the particl's momentum vector,

(b) the kinetic energy of the particle,

(c) the acceleartion of the particle.

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10. Up to what values of kinetic energy does the period of

revolution of an electron and a proton in a uniform

magnetic field exceed that at non-relativistic velocities by

η = 1.0 %

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11. An electron accelerated by a potnetial difference

V = 1.0kV moves in a unifrom magentic field at angle

α = 30
∘
to the vector B whose modulus is B = 29mT .

Find the pithch of the helical trajectroy of the electron.

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12. A slightly divergent beam of non-relatistic charged

particles accelearated by a potential difference V

propagates from a point A along the axis of a straight

solenoid. The beacm is brought into focus at a distance l

from the point A at two successive values of magnetic

induction B and1
B2 . Find the spefic charge q/m of the

particles.

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13. A non-relativistic electron originates at a point A

lying on the axis of a striaght solenoid and moves with

velocity v at an angle α to the axis. The magnetic

induction of the field is equal to B . Find the distance r

from the axis to the point on screen into which the

electron strickes. The screeen into which the electron

strikes. The screen is oriented at right angles to the axis

and is located at a distance l from the point A.

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14. From the surface of a round wire of radius a carrying

a direct current I an electron escapes with a velocity v0

perpendicular to the surface. Find what will be the

maximum distance of the electron from the axis of the

wire before it turns back due to the action of the

magnetic field generated by the current.

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15. A non-relativistic charged particle files through the

electric field of a cyclindrical capacitor and gets into a

unifrom transverse magnetic field with induction B (fig).

In the capacitor the particle moves along the are of a

circle, in the magnetic field, along a semi-circle of radius

r . The potential differnce applied to the capacitor is

equal to V , the radii of the electrodes are equal to a and

b, with a < b. Find the velocity of the particle and its

specific charge q / m.

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16. Unifrom electric and magnetic fields with strength E

and induction B respectively are directed along the y

axis (Fig). A particle with specific charge q/m leaves the

origin O in the direction of the z axis with an initial non-

realtive velocity v find:

0
(a) the coordinate yn of the particle when it crossses

then y axis for the nth time,

(b) the angle α between the particle's velocity vector and

the y axis at that moment.

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17. A narrow beam of identical ions with specific charge

q/m , possessing different velocities, enters the region of

space, where there are unifrom parallel electric and

marnetic fields the strength E and induction B , at the

point O (see Fig). The beam direction coincides with the

x axis at the point O . A plane screen oriented at right

angles to the x axis is located at a distance l from the

point O . Find the equation of the trace that the ions

leave on the screen. Demonstrate that at x < < l it is

the equaction of a parabola.

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18. A non-relativistic protons beam passes without

diviation through the region of space where there are

unifrom transverse mutually perpendicular electric and

magnetic fields with E = 120kV / m and B = 50mT .

Then the beam strikes a grounded target. Find the force

with which the beam acts on the target if the beam

current is equal to I = 0.80mA .

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19. Non-relativistic protons move rectinearly in the

region of space where there are unifrom mutually

perpendicular electric and magnetic fields with

E = 4.0kV / m and B = 50mT . The trajectory of the

protons lies in the plates xz (Fig) and forms an angle

φ = 30
∘
with the x axis. Find teh pithc of the helical

trajectory along which the protons will move after the

electric field is swiched off.

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20. A beam of non-relatitivistic chagred particles moves

without deviation through the region of space A (fig)

where there are transerve mutually perpendicular

electric and magnetic fields with streght E and induction

B . When the magnetic field is swichted off, the trace of

the beam on the screen S shifts by Δπ . Knowing the

distances a and b, find the spefic charge q/m of the

particles.

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21. A particle with specific charge q/m moves in the

region of space where there are unifrom mutually

perpendicular electric and magnetic fields with strength

E and induction B (fig). At the moment t = 0 the

particle was located at the point O and had zero velocity.

For the non-relativistic case find:

(a) the law of motion x(f) and y(t) of the particle, the

shape of the trajectory,

(b) the lenght of the segment of the trajectory between

two nearest points at which the velocity of the particle

turns into zero,

(c) the mean value of the particle's velocity vector

projections on the x axis (the drift velocity).

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22. A sytem consists of a long cylindrical anode of radius

a and a coxial cylindrical cylindrical cathode of radius

b(b < a) . A filament located along the axis of the system

carries a heating current I producing a magnetic field in

the surrounding space. FInd the least potentilal differnce

between the cathode and anode at which the therimal

electrons leaving the cathode without intital velcity start

reaching the anode.

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23. Magentron is a device consisting of a filament of

radius a and coaxial cylindrical anode of radius b which

are located in a unifrom magnetic field parallel to the

filament. An accelerating potential differnece V is

applied between the filament and the anode. Find the

value of magnetic induction at which the electrons

leaving the filamnent with zero velocity reach the anode.

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24. A charged particle with specfic charge q/m starts

moving in the region of space where there are unifrom

mutually perpendicular electric and magnitude fields.

The magentic field is constant and has an induction B

while the strength of the electric field varies with time as

E = Em cos ωt , where ω = qB / m . For the non-

relativistic case find the law of motion x(t) and y(t) of

the particle if at the moment t = 0 it was located at the

point O (see Fig). What is the appoximate shape of the

trajectory of the particle?

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25. The cyclontron's oscillator frequency is equlal to

v = 10M H z . Find the effective voltage applied across

the does of that cyclotron if the distance between the

neighbouring trajecroies of protons is not less than

Δr = 1.0cm , with the trajectory radius being equal to

r = 0.5m .

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26. Protons are accelerated in a cyclotron so that the

maximum curvature radius of their trajectory is equal to

r = 50cm . Find:

(a) the kinetic energy of the protons when the

acceleration is completed if the magnetic induction in

the cyclotron is B = 1.0T ,

(b) the minimum frequency of the cycloroton's oscillator

at which the kinetic energy of the protons amounts to

T = 20M eV by the end of accelearation.

 View Text Solution

27. Singly charged ions He

+
are accelerated in a

cyclotron so that their maximum orbital radiys is

r = 60cm . The frequency of a cyclotron's oscillator is

equal to v = 10.0M H z , the effective accelearating

volatage across the deos is V = 50kV . Neglecting the

gap between the does, find:

(a) the total time of acceleration of the ion,

(b) the appoximate distance covered by the ion in the

process of its acceleration.

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28. since the period fo revolution of electrons in a

unifrom magnetic field rapidly increases with the growth

of energy, a cyclotron in unsuitable for their

accelearation. This drawback is rectified in a microton

(Fig) in which a change ΔT in the period of revolution of

an electron is made multipile with the period of

acclerating field T0 . How many times has an electron to

cross the accerating gap of a microtron to acquire an

energy W = 4.6M eV if ΔT = T0 the magnetic

induction is equal to B = 107mT , and the frequency of

accelerating field to v = 3000M H z ?

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29. The ill effects associated with the variatiion of the

period of revolution of the particle in a cyclotron due to

the increase of its energy are eleminated by slow

monitoring (modulating ) the frequency of accelerting

field. According to what law ω(t) should this frequencecy

by mointored if the masgnetic induction is equal to B

and the particle acquires an energy ΔW per revolution ?

The charge of the particle is q and its mass is m.

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30. A particle with specific charge q / m is located inside a

round solenoid at a distance r from its axis. With the

current swichted into the winding, the magnetic

induction of the field generated by the solenoid amounts

to B . Find the velocity of the particle and the curvature

radius of its trajectory,n assuming that during the

increase of current flowing in the solenoid the particle

shifts by a negligible distance.

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31. In a betatron the magnetic flux across an equilibrium

orbit of radius r = 25cm grows during the acceleration

time at paractically constant rate Φ = 5.0W b / s . In the

process, the electrons acquire an energy W = 25M eV .

Find the number of revolutions made by the electron

during the acedeleration time and the corresponding

distance covered by it.

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32. Demonstarate that electrons move in a betatron

along a round orbit of constant radius provided the

magnetic induction on the orbit of constant radius

provided the magnetic induction on the orbit is equal to

half the mean value of that indide the orbit (the

betatron condition).

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33. Using the betatron condition, find the radius of a

round orbit of an electron if the magnetic induction is

known as a function of distance r from the axis of the

field. Examine this problem for the specfic case

B = B 0 − αr
2
, where B and a are positive constants.
0

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34. Using the betatron condition, demonstarate that the

strength of the eddy-current field has the extremum

magnitude on an equiolibrium orbit.

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35. In a betatron the magnetic flux across an equilibrium

orbit of radius r = 20cm varies during a time interval

Δt = 1.0ms at practically constant rate from zero to

B = 0.40T . Find the energy acquired by the electron per

revolution.

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36. The magnetic induction in betatron on an equlibrium

orbit of radius r varies during the acceleration time at

paractically constant rate from zero to B . Assuming the

initial velocity of the electron to be equal to zero, find:

(a) the energy acquired by the electron during the

acceleration time,

(b) the corresponding distance covered by the electron if

the accelearation time is equal to Δt.

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