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1. A 65 year old man is rushed to the emergency department by ambulance during an

episode of chest pain. The preliminary assessment of the condition of the man is
performed by a nurse, who reports that the patients’ pain seems to be ‘severe’. The
characterization of pain as ‘severe’ is:
a) Dichotomous
b) Nominal
c) Ordinal
d) Qualitative

2. The incidence of diabetes in Lahore is very high. All those residents who do not have
diabetes in Lahore followed for 5 years and risk factors in developing diabetes are
identified, under which study would you classify it?
a) Retrospective study
b) Cross sectional study
c) Experimental study
d) Prospective study

3. A professor of Statistics asked the students about their ages in a class. On the basis of
this information, the professor states that the average age of all the students in the
university is 21 years. This is an example of
a) A census
b) Statistical Inference
c) An experiment
d) Descriptive Statistics
e) None of the above

4. Both descriptive and inferential statistics are used to change data into information which
in turn in converted into ____________ that leads to better decision making
a) Knowledge
b) Process
c) A forecast
d) A parameter

5. The branch of statistics in which data is collected according to ordinal scale or nominal
scale is classified as
a) Distribution statistics
b) Sampling statistics
c) Parametric statistics
d) Non-parametric statistics
 6. The width of each of nine classes in a frequency distribution is 2.5 and the lower class
boundary of the lowest class is 10.6. Which one of the following is the upper class
boundary of the highest class?
a) 35.6
b) 33.1
c) 30.6
d) 28.1
7. A set of data has mean 4.3 and standard deviation 2.5. Each observation is multiplied by
10 and the result decreased by 2. The mean and standard deviation of the transformed
data is
a) 41.0, 23.0
b) 2.3, 0.5
c) 3, 2.5
d) 1.0, 25.0
8. In a class test, 40 students out of 50 passed, with mean marks 6.0 and the overall
average of class marks was 5.5. The average marks of students who failed were:
a) 2.5
b) 3.0
c) 4.8
d) 3.5
9. If the mean, standard deviation and coefficient of skewness of a frequency distribution
are 60,45 and -0.4, respectively, the mode of the frequency distribution is
a) 80
b) 82
c) 78
d) 68
10.If the first 25 percent observations of a series are 20 or less and last 25 percent
observations of a series 50 or more, the quartile deviation is
a) 25
b) 35
c) 15
d) 30

11. Experiments that result in unique outcomes are known as

(a)Deterministic Experiment
(b) Random Experiment
(c) Both a) And b)
(d) None of these
12.Which of the following is not a type of Probability?
(a) Classical
(B) Empirical
© Subjective
(d) Finite
13.The type of probability that uses the sample space is called
(a) Classical Probability
(b) Empirical Probability
© Subjective Probability
(D) Relative Probability
14. A Borel sigma field is generated by all (a) Close Intervals
(b) Open Intervals
(c) Close-Open Intervals
(d) Open -Close Intervals
15.The result of an event is called
(a) An Experiment
(b) A trial
© An outcome
(d) A variable

16.In how many ways can 7 different calculators be displayed in a row on a shelf?
(a) 7
(b) 49
© 823.543
(d) 5040
17.When two dice are rolled,what are the odds against getting doubles?
(a) 1:5
(b) 1:6
© 5:1
(d) 6:1
18.How many outcomes are there for a binomial experiment?
(a) 0
(b)1
©2
(d) It varies
19.For a binomial distribution,if np and nq are greater than 5,binomial distribution approaches
(a) Poisson Distribution
(b) Hypergeometric Distribution
© Normal Distribution
(d) Chi Square Distribution
20.Binomial Distribution is approximated to poisson distribution if
(a) p aproches to zero.
(b) q approaches to one.
© np remains fixed.
(d) All of the above.
21.Geometric Distribution is a special case of
(a) Binomial Distribution
(b) Hypergeometric Distribution
© Negative Binomial Distribution
D) None of the above
22. Which Distribution requires that sampling be done with replacement?
(a) Geometric
(b) Multinomial
© Hypergeometric
(d) Poisson
23.Which distribution can be used ,when there 3 or more outcomes?
(a) Geometric
(b) Multinomial
© Hypergeometric
(d) Poisson
24.The expected value of the negative binomial random variable X with parameters r=5 and
p=0.8 is
(a) 1.00
(b) 1.25
© 4.00
(d) 5.80
25.The distribution of sum of squared centered independent normal variate is
(a) Chi-square
(b) Gamma
©F
(d) Normal
26.Index Numbers are also known as
(a) Economic Barameters
(b) Sign And Guide Posts
© Both a) and b)
(d) None of the above
27.The error(s) involved in the construction of index numbers is /are
(a) Error of sampling
(b) Formula error
© Error in the collection of data
(d) All of the above
28.Base period of an index number should be
(a) A year only
(b) A normal Period
© A period at distant past
(d) None of the above
29.Most preferred Average used in index numbers is
(a) Areithmetic Mean
(b) Geometric Mean
© Harmonic Mean
(d) None Of the above
30.If the index number for 2020 to the base 2010 is 250,the index number for 2010 to the base
2020 is
(a) 4
(b) 40
© 400
(d) N0ne of the above
31.A 43 experiment means that we are considering
(a) Three levels of four factors.
(b) Four dependent variables and three independent variables.
© Four go/no -go variables and three continuous variables.
(d) Four levels of three factors
32.Suppose you wish to compare the average class size of mathematics classes to the average
class size of English classes in your high school.Which is the most appropriate technique for
gathering the needed data?
(a) Census
(b) Sample Survey
© Experiment

(d) Observational Study

33.Consider 23 Factorial experiment in a block of size 4 with 4 replications.When ABC,AB,AC
and ABC are partially confounded in each replication.Then, degree of freedom for total is
(a) 17
(b) 31
©7
(d) 32
34. ………………….. refers to the influence of a single independent variable.
(a) Interaction Effect
(b) Reactive Effect
© Main Effect
(d) Proactive Effect
35. Which of the following is possible in a factorial design with two independent variables?
(a) There is only one main effect
(b) There are two main effects present
© There are two main effects and an interaction effect present
(d) All of the above are possible.
36.The power of a statistical test is affected by
(a) Sample Size
(b) The Alpha level chosen
© Effect Size
(d) All of the above
37.Which of the following will increase the power of a Test?
(a) Increase n.
(b)Increase Alpha.
© Reduce the amount of variability in the sample.
(d) Consider an alternative hypothesis other than the null.
(e) All of these will increase the power of the test.
38.For testing the homogeneity of variability for more than two groups ,we can use
(a) F-Test
(b) Bartlet Test
© T-Test
(d) None of the above
39. In testing of hypothesis,the size of a test we mean that
(a) Significance Level
(b) (b) Type 1 Error
(c) © Type II Errpr
(d) (d) Both a) And b) But not c)
40. If we want to compare the homogeneity of two variances,then which of the following test
is used
(a) Chi Square Test
(b) T-Test
© F-Test
(e) DMRT
41. The degrees of freedom associated with the pooled t test,based on sample sizes 10 and 12
are
(a) 22
(b) 21
© 20
(d) 19
42. If you take steps to minimize a type I error ,then the probability of making a type II error is
(a) Increased
(b) Also Decreased
© Unaffected
(d) Cut in half
43.Probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true,called
(a) Type I error
(b) Producer Risk
© Consumer Risk
(d) Both a) And b)
44.If someone wants to develop a 90% confidence interval for the mean of a normal
population,when the standard deviation is known, the confidence level is
(a) 0.10
(b) 0.45
© 0.90
(d) 1.645
45.A 99% Confidence Interval for the mean of a normal population when the standard
deviation is known is found to be 98.6 to 118.4. If the confidence level is reduced to 0.95, the
confidence interval for mean
(a) Becomes Wider
(b) Becomes narrower
© Remains Unchanged
(d) None of the above
46.All hypothesis tests start with
(a) A null hypothesis
(b) An alternative hypothesis
©Test Statistic
(d) Type I Error
47.Whenever data is analyzed without planning before data collection ,then
(a) One tail test is used
(b) Two tail test is used
© Both a) And b)
(d) None of the above
48.Method of analyzing a sample data to make decision is
(a) Critical Value method
(b) Confidence Interval Method
© P-Value
(d) All Of the above
49.The difference between sample statistic and population parameter is called
(a) Systematic Error
(b) Bias
© MSE
(d) Sampling Error
50.A collection of observations made squentially in time,is called
(a) Stochastic Process
(b) Random Process
© Time Series
(d) None of the abobe
51.Which is not an additive component of a time series?
(a) Trend
(b) Seasonal
© Irregular
(d) Periodicity
52.Forecasts
(a) Become more accurate with longer time horizons
(b) Are rarely perfect
© Are more accurate for individual items than for groups of items.
(d) All of the above
53.One purpose of short-range forecasts is to determine
(a) Production Planning
(b) Inventory Budjets
© Research And Development Plans
(d) Job Assignments
54.Which of the following is not a type of qualitative forecasting?
(a) Executive Opinions
(b) Saless force composites
© Consumer Surveys
(d)Moving Average
55.Gradual,long-term movements in time - series data is called
(a) Seasonal Variation
(b) Cycles
© Trends
(d) Exponential Variation
56.Given Forecast errors of -1,4,8,3.What is the mean absolute deviation?
(a) 2
(b) 3
©4
(d) 8
57.A graph of auto correlation is called
(a) Histogram
(b) Correlogram
© Historigram
(d) Ogive
58.For a given product demand,the time series trend equation is 25.3 +2.1X .What is your
forecast of demand for period 7?
(a) 23.2
(b) 25.3
© 27.4
(d) 40
59.In non-parametric method,which of the following assumption is not hold?
(a) Homoscadasticity
(b) Normality
© Randomness
(d) None of the above

60.In non-parametric method,which of the following is used as a measure of central tendency?

(a) Mean
(b) Mode
© Median
(d) Weighted Mean
61.The Mann-Whitney test is a non parametric test median of
(a) One group
(b) Two groups
© Two or more groups
(d) None of the above
62.Kruskal Wallis is the generalization of
(a) Fisher Test
(b) Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test
© Mann Whitney Test
(d) None of the above
63.Critical value of the Kruskal Wallis test is calculated by
(a) Normal distribution
(b) Chi-Square Distribution
© Binomial Distribution
(d) None of the above
64.Which non parametric test is analogous to a parametric t-test for independent sample means
(a0 Wald-Wolfowitz test
(b) Wilcoxon Signed Rank test
© Mann Whitney Test
(d) Krusksal Wallis Test
65.Which non parametric test is analogous to a one - factor ANOVA?
(a) Kruskal Wallis Test
(b) Friedman Test
© Mann Whitney Test
(d) Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test
66.Which parametric test resembles the non parametric Spearman rank test
(a) The t test of the correlation co efficient
(b) The t test of two sample means
© The t test of one sample mean
(d) The one factor ANOVA.
67.Which non parametric test is analogous to a parametric one sample t test for difference in
paired data?
(a) Wald-Wolfowitz test.
(b) Wilcoxon Signed Rank test.
© Mann Whitney Test
(d) Kruskal Wallis test
68.Which non parametric test is used to compare one sample median with a benchmark?
(a) Waldwolfowitz test
(b) Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test
© Mann Whitney Test
(d) Kruskal Wallis test
69.The Friedman test is always
(a) Two tailed test
(b) One tailed test
© Used with one sample
(d) Used with matched-pairs samples
70.The Kruskal Wallis test is always
(a) Two tailed test
(b) One tailed test
© Used with one sample
(d) Used with matched- pair samples
71.Scatter diagram of the variate values (X,Y) gives the idea about
a) Functional relationship
b) Regression model
c) Distribution of errors
d) None of the above

72.The estimate of β in the regression equation is Y=α+Βx+ε by the method of least square
is
a) Biased
b) Unbiased
c) Consistent
d) Efficient

73.If β YX and β XY are two regression coefficients, they have

a) Same sign
b) Opposite sign
c) Either same or opposite signs
d) Nothing can be said

74.If ρ=1, the relation between two variables X and Y is

a) Y is proportional to X
b) Y is inversely proportional to X
c) Y is equal to X
d) None of the above

75.The correlation between two variables is of order

a) 2
b) 1
c) 0
d) None of the above

76.Homogeneity of three or more population correlation coefficients can be tested by

a) T-test
b) Z-test
c) F-test
d) Χ2-test

77.If each group consists of one observation only, the value of correlation ratio is
a) 0
b) 1
c) Between 0 and 1
d) Between -1 and 1

78.A coefficient of any independent variable in a multiple linear regression equation is

known as
a) Partial regression coefficient
b) Multiple regression coefficient
c) Simple regression coefficient
d) None of the above

79.The ratio of the regression sum of squares to the total sum of square is called
a) Correlation index
b) Coefficient of determination
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) Neither (a) nor (b)

80.The range of partial correlation coefficient is

a) 0 to 1
b) 0 to ∞
c) -1 to 1
d) - ∞ to ∞

81.Regression coefficient is independent of the change of

a) Scale
b) Origin
c) Both origin and scale
d) Neither origin nor scale

82.Which of the following relation is correct

 a) r 12 .34=r 13. 24
b) r 12 .3=r 21. 3
c) r 13=r 23
d) r 12 .3=r 13. 2
83.If we transform the variables of a simple regression line into standard normal deviates,
then the two regression lines pass through the point
a) (0,0)
b) (1,1)
c) (X , Y )
d) ( ^
X , Y^ )

84.If Var(X+Y) = Var(x)+Var(y), then the value of correlation coefficient r XY is

a) 0
b) 1
c) -1
d) 0.5
85.If one regression coefficient of the two regression lines is greater than unity, the other
will be
a) >1
b) 1
c) <1
d) 1/2

86.Non-sampling errors are introduced due to technically faulty observations or during the
______________________ of data.
a) Processing
b) Analysis
c) Sequencing
d) Collection

87.Probability of including a specified unit in a sample of size n selected out of N unit is

a) 1/n
b) 1/N
c) n/N
d) N/n

88.Which of the following statement is not true

a) Standard error cannot be zero
b) Standard error cannot be one
c) Standard error cannot be negative
d) All of the above

89.Stratified sampling comes under the category of

a) Unrestricted sampling
b) Subjective sampling
c) Purposive sampling
d) Restricted sampling
 90.A systematic sampling does not yield good result if :
a) Variation in units is periodic
b) Units at regular intervals are correlated
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of (a) and (b)
91.In which of the following situation cluster sampling is appropriate
a) When the units are situated for apart
b) When the sampling frame is not available
c) When all the elementary units are not easily identifiable
d) All the above
92.A population is perfectly homogenous in respect of characteristic
a) A large sample
b) A small sample
c) A single item
d) No item

93.In sampling with probability proportional to size , the units are selected with probability
in proportion to
a) The size of the unit
b) The size of the sample
c) The size of the population
d) None of the above

94.There are more chances of non-sampling errors than sampling errors in case of
a) Studies of large samples
b) Complete enumeration
c) Inefficient investigators
d) All of the above

95.Principal of optimization in sampling method is related to

a) Cost and efficiency of sampling designs
b) Validity of estimates
c) Asymptotic properties of estimates
d) All the above

96.Two stage sampling design is more efficient than single stage sampling if the correlation
between the units in the first stage is
a) Negative
b) Positive
c) Zero
d) None of the above
97.The errors emerging out of faulty planning of surveys are categorized as
a) Non-sampling errors
b) Non- response errors
c) Sampling errors
d) Absolute errors

98.As a normal practice, sampling fraction is considered to be negligible if it is

a) Less than 10 percent
b) Less than or equal to 5 percent
c) More than 5 percent
d) More than 10 percent

99.If all observations in a set of observations are same, the variance of the set of values is
a) Zero
b) One
c) Infinity
d) Not possible to calculate

100. An estimate based on a fixed set of values of a sample always possess

a) A single value
b) Any value
c) A value equal to one
d) All the above

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