BONDO UNIVERSITY COLLEGE
UNIVERSITY EXAMINATION 2012/2013
1ST YEAR 2ND SEMESTER EXAMINATION FOR THE
DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF EDUCATION SCIENCE WITH IT
(REGULAR)
COURSE CODE: SCH 303
TITLE: NATURAL PRODUCT CHEMISTRY
DATE: 29/11/2012 TIME: 8.00-10.00AM
DURATION: 2HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS
1) This paper contains TWO sections
2) Answer ALL questions in section A COMPULSORY and ANY other
TWO [2] questions in section B.
3) Write ALL answers in the booklet provided.
1
Section A (30 marks)
Question 1
a) Distinguish between primary and secondary metabolism citing two secondary and two
primary metabolites as examples. (5marks)
b) Outline the process of Isolating and separating caratenoids from plant or animal samples
(5 marks)
c) Structural classification of steroids is based on the chemical composition of the steroids.
describe the basic chemical structure of steroids. (2 marks)
d) Define the term alkaloids and give its four major classes (5 marks)
e) State five important functions of carbohydrates (5 marks)
f) Draw and give the mumbering sequence of the basic flavonoid structure (3 marks)
g) Name five Classes of carotenoids based on their structural types (5 marks)
Section B (Answer any TWO questions) 20 marks each
Question 2 (20 marks)
a) Name the two main pathways for the biosynthesis of wax components. (2 marks)
b) From the two named draw a schematic presentation of either one of them with a brief
description of the steps involved. (5 marks)
c) Name four types of commercial waxes and their uses. (4 marks)
d) The functions of terpenes in plants is generally considered to be both ecological and
physiological; name three of them (3 marks)
e) State the name of the 5-crabon unit that forms the basis of classification of terpenes nad
draw its basic structure (2 marks)
f) State four classes of terpenes based on the number of the above 5-carbon units (4 marks)
Question 3 (20 marks)
a) Give five classes of steroids with an example stating the carbon components present in
each. (5 marks)
2
b) Outline five important applications of alkaloids giving an example of the relevant
alkaloid (5 marks)
c) Draw a skecth of the biosynthesis of flavonoids. (4 marks)
d) Out of the eight classes of flavones name and draw representative stuctures for five of
them (4 marks)
e) Name four diseases and their respective curative flavonoids (2 marks)
Question 4 (20 marks)
a) Describe the ruff degradation as applied in carbohydrates chemistry (4 marks)
b) Outline four important properties of a peptide bond (4 marks)
c) Describe three methods applicable in the purification of proteins (9 marks)
d) In quite alkaline solution, an amino acid contains two basic groups, -NH2 and –CO2.
Whic is the most basic? To which group will a proton preferentially go as acid is added to
the solution. What will the product be? (3 marks)
Question 5 (20 marks)
a) State five methods applied in the synthesis of amino acids (5marks)
b) From the above named methods give a brief description for any two of them (15 marks)
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