"Year of the consolidation of the Mar de Grau"

SAN PEDRO UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF ACCOUNTING AND ADMINISTRATIVE

SCIENCES

ACADEMIC PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT

STUDENT : YORKA TORRES SANCHEZ

COURSE : SOCIOLOGY

ISSUE : CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL PROBLEMS

TEACHER : LIC. MARÍA MAGALY MORALES CÁRCAMO

CYCLE : YO

CLUSTER : TO
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

INDEX

INTRODUCTION
CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL PROBLEMS
I. DEFINITION
II. CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL PROBLEMS WORLDWIDE.
II.1. Hunger
II.2. The racism
II.3. Pollution
II.4. The wars
II.5. Health
II.6. HIV/AIDS
II.7. The Agriculture
II.8. Electricity
II.9. Drinking water
II.10. Poverty
II.11. Drug trafficking
II.12. Terrorism
II.13. Corruption.
III. CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL PROBLEMS AT THE NATIONAL LEVEL.
III.1. Poverty
III.2. Delinquency
III.3. Corruption
III.4. Unemployment
III.5. Alcoholism
III.6. Drug addiction
III.7. Prostitution
III.8. The education
IV. CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL PROBLEMS AT THE LOCAL LEVEL.
IV.1. The Insecure d
IV.2. Pollution .
CONCLUSIONS.
OPINION ARTICLE.
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

INTRODUCTION
Within today's society there are different types of problems that involve a series of
moral and ethical discussions not only at the national level but at the global level.
There are many solutions that seek to end different problems such as drug
addiction, abortion, discrimination, among others. Around the world there is a lot of
criticism about what each country does or tries to do to combat these types of
problems, which sinks our world into a global debate, absorbing us into lawsuits
and controversies, which diverts us from seeking a solution towards the problems
that affect not only a part of society but affect us all, although many times we do
not realize the effects that these problems cause on us.
Apart from the interest of the topic, the purpose of this work is to contribute to the
analysis of the social problems that we face at this time.
It is unfortunate that today's society is faced with so many problems, each one
greater, these problems require solutions, but there are no institutions or people
willing to help.
In the society in which we live, it is invaded by insecurity, since crime, drug
addiction, alcohol and other evils affect us in large quantities.

CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL PROBLEMS

PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

I. DEFINITION
Problems are issues that involve some type of inconvenience or disorder and that
require a solution. When a problem appears, it represents a difficulty in achieving
an objective.
Social, for its part, is an adjective that refers to what is linked to society. A society
is a community made up of people who interact with each other and who have a
common culture.
Contemporary social problems, therefore, are situations that prevent the
development or progress of a community or one of its sectors. Because these are
public issues, the State has the responsibility and obligation to solve these
problems through government actions.
It can be said that a social problem arises when many people fail to satisfy their
basic needs. That a sector of the population cannot access health services,
education, food or housing is a social problem.
The government will be in charge of developing the necessary social policies that
allow reversing the social problem in question and, in this way, improving people's
quality of life.
Civil society, however, can also work to solve social problems. There are
numerous non-governmental organizations that aim to combat social problems
through campaigns, development programs, etc.
Although there are no countries without social problems, the smaller number of
them in the national reality is an indicator of development. The lower the incidence
of social problems in the lives of the population, the greater the progress.

II. CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL PROBLEMS WORLDWIDE.

The world is our home, and every person in the world should have the same
benefits, opportunities and changes, no matter what country we are born in.
Unfortunately, the situation is not exactly like that. There are many developing
countries still facing serious social problems. All of these countries, and especially
the people who live in them, need our help and support.
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

It is not a local problem; It is a problem for all of humanity, for the entire world.
Based on the knowledge of the new social realities, the main contemporary social
problems are identified and characterized, based on the analysis of the situations
generated by the processes of globalization-globalization in the field of culture,
education, politics, economy and the environment, with the purpose of critically
identifying them and outlining the need for intervention from the field of education.
These are the main social problems in the world and the most questioned:
II.1. Hunger
Some 870 million people around the world are suffering from hunger. They simply
have nothing to eat. Although the European Union and the United States are
regularly sending food to these countries, the majority of the malnourished
population lives in Africa, and 60 percent of them are women. As a result, 300,000
maternal deaths occur each year. Additionally, 2.6 million children die from hunger
each year; This means we lose a child every five seconds.

II.2. The racism

There are still plenty of places in the world where social and cultural exclusion still
happens, as well as racism. People lose their self-esteem and become isolated. It
doesn't seem as bad as poverty or wars, but in reality millions of people suffer from
racism around the world. Racism can take many forms, such as gender or cultural,
social or sexual racism and so on.
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

II.3. Pollution
In our century, the effects of pollution on our environment and our human bodies
are enormous. We destroy our environment every day, which affects our health
and our lifestyle. Unfortunately, people don't realize how bad it is, and how harmful
these toxic chemicals are. The air we breathe and the water we drink threaten our
lives. Pollution is everywhere, and everyone who lives on this planet is affected.

II.4. The wars

Developing countries have serious problems with corruption. All corruption
problems lead to cold wars, civil wars, religious wars and so on. If the country's
condition is low, the war will affect its citizens even more. Developed countries tried
to help these countries at war with medical supplies, army and ammunition, all in
order to stop the war and help the citizens. It sounds inhumane, but there are still
wars, and countries like Russia, China or the United States still support wars.
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

II.5. Health
There are many countries in the world that have a huge lack of health care. About
800 million people have no access to a health care system at all, but there could
be more, because not everyone registers. Unfortunately, health care is not
available in all parts of the world, and people cannot prevent some diseases.
Furthermore, many of them die from preventable or silly diseases, such as diarrhea
or cold.

II.6. HIV/AIDS
HIV is one of the largest epidemics in third world countries. There are more than 40
million people living with AIDS, and 65% of them are women. And the statistics are
alarming: 90% of children infected with HIV and 60% of women live in Africa, in the
sub-Saharan region.
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

II.7. The Agriculture

About half of the people living in developing countries are completely dependent on
agriculture. People depend on it to survive and have two meals a day. Additionally,
75 percent of people living in poverty are practicing agriculture. This percentage
represents 1.4 billion people, including children, women and men. Internationally, a
lot of agriculture projects were developed, in order to train and empower all
farmers, but it will take some time to see the results.
Agriculture has always had a strong environmental impact. Forests must be cut
down to have soil suitable for cultivation, water reservoirs must be made for
irrigation, rivers must be channeled, etc. Modern agriculture has multiplied the
negative impacts on the environment. The destruction and salinization of the soil,
contamination by pesticides and fertilizers, deforestation or the loss of genetic
biodiversity are very important problems that must be faced in order to continue
enjoying the advantages that the green revolution has brought us.
The main negative impacts are:
a) Soil erosion
The destruction of soil and its loss when it is carried away by water or wind results
in the loss, worldwide, of between five and seven million hectares of arable land
each year, according to FAO data from 1996. The misuse of land, the felling of
forests, crops on very steep slopes, the limited use of soil conservation techniques
and organic fertilizers, facilitate erosion. In the Iberian Peninsula, soil degradation
is a problem of primary importance.
In places with a dry climate, the wind raises large amounts of dust from soils not
covered with vegetation or overexploited grasslands, which are the main source of
air pollution due to particles in these places.
b) Salinization and waterlogging of highly irrigated soils
When irrigated soils do not have sufficiently good drainage, they become
waterlogged and when the water evaporates, the salts contained in the soil are
dragged to the surface. According to FAO data, almost half of the world's irrigated
land has decreased productivity for this reason and around 1.5 million hectares are
lost each year.
c) Excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides
Fertilizers and pesticides must be used in the proper amounts so that they do not
cause problems. In many places in the world, their excessive use causes water
pollution when these products are washed away by rain. This pollution causes
eutrophication of waters, mortality in fish and other living beings, and damage to
human health.
Especially difficult to solve is the contamination of groundwater with this type of
products. Many aquifers in agricultural areas have been contaminated with nitrates
to a level dangerous to human health, especially children.
A particularly dramatic example has been that of the Aral Sea.
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

At the same time, in other countries, the use of too small amounts of fertilizers
depletes soil nutrients, thereby contributing to soil degradation.
d) Depletion of aquifers
In dry and sunny areas, excellent agricultural yields are obtained with irrigation and
in many places, for example in the well-known greenhouses of Almería,
groundwater is used for irrigation. But the aquifers have taken dozens of years to
form and when water is removed from them in greater quantities than they receive,
they become empty. For this reason, the springs that arose dry up, traditional
wetlands in that area disappear, and if they are near the sea, the salt water
penetrates into the water pocket, salinizing it, until making it useless for agricultural
uses or for human consumption.
e) Loss of genetic diversity
In traditional agriculture and livestock, there was great geographical isolation
between farmers and ranchers from one region to another and that is why, over the
centuries, thousands of varieties of each domesticated plant or animal emerged.
This represents a great genetic wealth that those who selected new varieties took
advantage of. Their work largely consists of crossing some varieties with others to
obtain genetic combinations that combine the advantages of all of them. If you
want to get a wheat plant suitable for a cold climate, that has a short stem and is
resistant to certain diseases, geneticists looked for varieties that had some of these
characteristics and crossed them with each other until they obtained the one that
had all of them. .
Currently, when a variety is very advantageous, large growers around the world
adopt it, because this way they can compete economically in the world market. The
result is that many traditional varieties stop being cultivated and are lost if they are
not collected in seed banks or special institutions.
On the other hand, the destruction of forests, swamps, etc. To dedicate these
lands to agriculture causes the disappearance of a large number of ecosystems.
Modern agriculture has also introduced monoculture, a practice in which huge
areas of land are cultivated with a single variety of plant. This represents a radical
impoverishment of the ecosystem, with the consequent loss of habitats and
species.
f) Deforestation
Around 14 million hectares of tropical forests are lost each year. It is estimated that
the burning of forests to dedicate them to agriculture is responsible for 80% to 85%
of this destruction.
Modern agriculture is not primarily responsible for this deforestation, because its
increases in production have been based much more on obtaining better yields per
cultivated hectare than on putting new land into cultivation. In fact, in Spain, for
example, every year the extent of cultivated land decreases when many of them
are abandoned due to their low productivity.
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

The main cause of forest destruction is the subsistence agriculture of many poor
populations in tropical countries. These farmers burn the forests and the surface
thus obtained, thanks to the fertilizer of the ashes, allows them to obtain a few
crops, until the land becomes so impoverished in nutrients that it becomes
unproductive and they must go to another place to burn another portion again. of
jungle and repeat the process.
g) Consumption of fossil fuels and release of greenhouse gases
Modern agriculture spends a large amount of energy, as we discussed in the
previous pages, to produce food. This means high consumption of oil and other
fuels and the emission of a large amount of CO2 into the atmosphere, with the
consequent greenhouse effect. At the same time, the burning of forests and
grasslands is largely responsible for the increase in CO2 and nitrogen oxides in the
atmosphere.

II.8. Electricity
Electricity became an important part of our lives, but more than a quarter of the
entire world's population lives without any electricity. They became accustomed to
the darkness when the sun sets and indeed to the eternal darkness of their destiny.
And this is sad. More than 1.6 billion of these people do not even know that
electricity exists. They live life in the stone age, and they don't have a clue about
computers, the internet or stuff.

II.9. Drinking water

PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

This problem that we face today is an issue that increasingly occupies the attention
of scientists, technicians, politicians and, in general, many of the planet's
inhabitants.
The shortage of this vital liquid forces us to once again reiterate a call for
moderation of consumption by the population worldwide, since without their
collaboration the technical efforts carried out by some organizations would be
insufficient.
Only very little water is used for human consumption, since: 90% is seawater and
has salt, 2% is ice and is at the poles, and only 1% of all the water on the planet is
fresh. , found in rivers, lakes and underground mantles. Furthermore, water as it is
found in nature, to be used without risk for human consumption, requires treatment
to eliminate particles and organisms that may be harmful to health. And finally it
must be distributed through pipes to your home, so that you can consume it without
any problem or risk.
Can you imagine being thirsty and not having water to drink? What would you do in
this case? We know it sounds impossible, but it actually happens to millions of
people every day. They don't have water, and they can't buy it. There is no solution
for this unbearable thirst. Statistics showed that around 1 billion people do not have
clean water and do not have access to it; 400 million of them are children.

II.10. Poverty
Many countries around the world are having serious poverty problems. In reality,
poverty is the reason why some of these countries are called third world countries.
But what is poverty? According to the United Nations standard, people who live on
$2.5 a day or less are considered poor. If they live on $1.25 a day or less, they are
considered extreme poverty. Unfortunately, poverty is a massive world problem,
and approximately 1 billion of the people living in poverty are innocent children.
22,000 of these children die every day due to poverty.
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

II.11. Drug trafficking

Drug trafficking involves the trade in toxic substances, which encompasses the
manufacture, distribution, sale, market control, consumption and recycling of
narcotics, addictive or not, potentially harmful to health (commonly known as
drugs). Most international legislation prohibits or limits drug trafficking, with
penalties that include execution by various means, although this varies depending
on the substance and local legislation.
A UN study indicates that "global drug trafficking generated approximately 321.6
billion in 2003. This figure would be 1% of global gross domestic product in 2003.
Drug consumption is widespread globally.
Illegal groups, mafias or also called cartels manage the supply chain. Cartels vary
in size, longevity and organization, depending on the substance, profitability and
volume of each process. At the top of the hierarchy of these organizations is the
head of the cartel, who controls the production and distribution of the substance.
These, together with financial intermediaries, launder the capital obtained from
serious illegal activities. At the bottom of the hierarchy are low-ranking street
dealers, who are sometimes drug users themselves and suffer from drug
dependence, also called "camels", "jíbaros" or "dealers".

II.12. Terrorism
Terrorism is the systematic use of terror1 to coerce societies or governments, used
by a wide range of pseudo-political organizations in promoting their objectives,
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

both by nationalist and non-nationalist political parties, right and left, as well as
corporations. , religious groups, racists, colonialists, independentists,
revolutionaries, conservatives and governments in power.
Terrorism, as a tactic, is a form of violence that is distinguished from State
terrorism by the fact that in the latter case its perpetrators belong to government
entities. It is also distinguished from acts of war and war crimes in that it occurs in
the absence of war.3 The presence of non-state actors in armed conflicts has
created controversy regarding the application of the laws of war.
The word "terrorism" has strong political connotations and has a high emotional
charge, making it difficult to agree on a precise definition.
The use of the word by governments to accuse their opponents is common. It is
also common for organizations and individuals that practice it to reject the term as
unfair or imprecise.6 Both groups often mix the concept with the legitimacy or
illegitimacy of their own motives or those of their antagonist. At an academic level,
we choose to focus exclusively on the nature of the incidents without speculating
on the motives or judging the perpetrators.
Some media outlets such as the British BBC, which wish to emphasize their
impartiality, suggest in their style guides to avoid the term terrorist and terrorism.

II.13. Corruption
The etymological origin of the term corruption is found in Latin. Specifically, it
emanates from the word “corruptio”, which is made up of the following elements:
the prefix “con-”, which is synonymous with “together”; the verb “rumpere”, which
can be translated as “break into pieces”; and finally the suffix “-tio”, which is
equivalent to “action and effect”.
Corruption is the action and effect of corrupting (deprave, spoil, bribe someone,
pervert, harm). The concept, according to the dictionary of the Royal Spanish
Academy (RAE), is used to name a vice or abuse in writing or in non-material
things.
Corruption, therefore, can be a moral or symbolic depravity. For example: "We
must not tolerate the corruption of our traditions due to foreign pressures", "The
minister's statements contribute to the corruption of the peace agreement."
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

In another sense, corruption is the practice of abusing power, functions or means

to obtain economic or other benefit. Political corruption is understood as the
misuse of public power to obtain an illegitimate advantage: “The cases of
corruption in this country have reached the front pages of the world's newspapers”,
“The former president will be prosecuted for corruption in the purchase of a plane”,
“I will be in charge of pursuing corruption so that there is no scandal in my
government.”
At this time, as we know through the various world media, there have been
numerous cases of political corruption. This demonstrates not only the impunity
with which different leaders can act but also the need to tighten the laws for these
situations and for widespread political reform.
Likewise, it must be established that there are various institutions and
organizations whose clear function is to undertake what would be the control of the
aforementioned corruption. Among them, for example, Transparency International
(TI) stands out. A non-governmental organization, founded in the 90s and based in
Berlin (Germany), which is responsible for developing different measures with the
clear objective of putting an end to the aforementioned action.
Spain is one of the countries that in recent years has seen more cases of
corruption by its leaders come to light. Hence, not only has there been a change in
the minds of citizens regarding politicians or that the nation has suffered a serious
economic crisis, but also that initiatives such as the “Citizens against corruption
2.0” platform have emerged.
Influence peddling, bribery, extortion and fraud are some of the corrupt practices,
which are reflected in actions such as giving money to a public official to win a
tender or paying a gift or bribe to avoid closure.
Other crimes are linked to corruption, since the corrupt person usually commits the
practice to allow or request something illegal. A police officer is corrupt if he
receives money from a man to allow him to rob a house without police interference.
In this case, two crimes come together: the act of corruption and theft.
III. CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL PROBLEMS AT THE NATIONAL LEVEL.

III.1. Poverty
According to the 1993 population census, there are more than 12 million
inhabitants in poverty in the country out of a total of 22,639 thousand people. In the
country, more than 6 million Peruvians live in extreme poverty, that is, they have
more than two deficiencies or do not satisfy their food needs (INEI, 1994). That is,
the family income is not enough to cover the cost of the basic food basket.
According to CUANTO, 1996, out of every five people in the country, one suffers
from hunger. The poorest are located in rural areas (peasant communities and
native communities).
The evolution of poverty according to the poverty line method, from 1994 and
1996, poverty has increased from 41.2% to 44.2% respectively (CUANTO, 1996).
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

In the 1980s, the Latin American region has experienced serious external debt
problems, high inflation, capital flight, and balance of payments crises. Peru has
not been immune to these problems, since the policies applied - similar to those of
other countries - during said decade caused that at the beginning of this decade
there was an inflation of 7,650%, the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of 1981. Until
1990 has fallen at an average rate of 1.2% annually, Foreign Investment will only
represent 3.6% of our GDP in 1990.
In the current decade, most Latin American governments - some before and others
after - reoriented their policies towards free market economies. The results are
evident: the region has grown since 1991 at an average rate of 3.3%, inflation
decreased from 199.6% in 1991 to 10.2% in 1998, the flow of foreign investment to
the region practically quintupled (increased from US$ 10,955 million in 1991 to
US$53,195 million in 1998).
If we observe the behavior of the previous variables, we can affirm that the
negative growth trend in the region, generated by wrong policies, has been
reversed. But it should be noted that in these last two years, growth in the region
has been reduced due to two shocks of external origin. The first is the El Niño
phenomenon that seriously affected agricultural production and fishing, as well as
causing the destruction of homes and infrastructure works. The second, the
financial crises that began in Asia that were transmitted to Latin America through
trade, finance and policies to confront said crisis.
The favorable behavior of the main variables that determine economic growth, the
social problem expressed in poverty and extreme poverty decreases at very slow
rates. That is to say, there could be a lack of harmony between economic growth
and poverty reduction, since said growth would not be generating the necessary
job opportunities for the growing number of people, so we can affirm that the social
problem is closely related. with unemployment and underemployment.
In the period that has elapsed since the 1990s, the Public External Debt
represented on average approximately 78% of the total external debt, showing a
tendency to decrease slightly in said period. In March 1997, the Restructuring
Agreement of the Public External Debt of Peru and its commercial creditors, also
known as the Brady Plan, was closed, which implied a significant reduction of said
debt. In monetary terms, the Public External Debt went from US$ 25,196 million in
1996 to US$ 18,490 million in 1998 and an amount of US$ 18,184 million is
estimated for 1999.
Poverty in Peru has been measured following various methods, among which we
can mention:
The poverty line method or indirect method. In this method, poverty would be
represented by a single indicator that can be the level of income or expenditure.
The unmet basic needs method or direct method. This method allows us to capture
the availability and access to basic services that are offered outside the market.
The integrated method that combines the previous two
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

Statistics reveal that at the end of 1990 extreme poverty represented 26.8% of the
population, while by 1997 it is estimated that this percentage has decreased to
14.7% and a percentage of 11% was set as a goal for 2000.
Studies by the Ministry of Labor of Peru reveal that the current employment
problem is caused by the following factors:
The demographic explosion of the 70s and early 80s, the effects of which have
begun to be felt because they are currently entering the labor market.
The wrong economic policies implemented in recent decades.
The rigidity of labor legislation in the 70s and 80s that discouraged the creation of
jobs.
The imperative for companies to achieve competitiveness has caused them to
move to other areas where the cost of labor is even lower.
III.2. Delinquency
Crime is one of the most pressing concerns facing Peru. According to figures from
the Crime Observatory of the Public Ministry, a crime is committed every 5 minutes
and 82% of Peruvians feel unsafe on the streets according to the study by the
Integration Institute.
Peru has experienced increasingly high crime rates, especially in large urban
centers.5 The most common crime in Peru is aggravated robbery.
In 2014, according to the survey carried out by the Americas Barometer, Peru led
the highest rate of crime victimization with 30%, surpassing Ecuador, Argentina
and Venezuela. In relation, it is detailed that the main type of crime is theft or
robbery in passing (32%), robbery with threat (19%), robbery with a weapon (18%),
house robberies (12%) and extortion ( 8%).
In the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Ranking evaluated by the World
Economic Forum, Peru is ranked 117th in terms of security among 141 countries,
within the category in terms of the reliability of police services it is ranked 135th
while the business costs of crime in 125.
In 2014, according to the survey carried out by the Americas Barometer, insecurity
displaced the economy as the most important problem in Peru.
The main institutions in charge of combating crime in Peru are: the National Police,
the Judiciary, the Ministry of the Interior and the Attorney General's Office.
According to the Minister of the Interior, 91% of those detained by Divincri are
released.
The problems faced by the police are the lack of logistics and infrastructure. Less
than half of the police stations have adequate infrastructure and are in good
condition according to the I National Census of Police Stations 2012. Half of the
police15 work partially under the 24x24 system.16
III.3. Corruption
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

Corruption in Peru and Latin American countries appears with the Spanish invasion
and conquest, (1532) where the dominant and ruling political class is corrupt,
leaving us caudillos, bosses, military leaders, religious leaders and not honest,
patriotic, capable leaders. Peruvian society has historical roots and is a cultivator of
the past, which is very honorable, but there is very little appreciation of the future.
Becoming predators of the future (Fishmeal, Guano, etc.)
Power resides and emanates from the people, in the absence of adequate civic
education, patriotic, philosophical, ideological, moral ethics, etc. renewal of society
supported by ethical values, on principles such as democracy of the people, such
as the defense of human rights, such as the value of the environment. It generates
the absence of citizens capable of feeling subject to rights and obligations, to act ,
demand and comply as such, acting with indifference towards authoritarianism, the
political class that sees the State as a source of wealth takes advantage of this, a
political class that, given the opportunity to carry out the Constitutional Reform,
cries out for the Constituent Assembly, as whether the new congressmen would be
the ideal wise men for this purpose.
Where it is notorious that they adhere to their Law, and not to Justice. Its iron law
of the partisan oligarchy: those in power will try to stay in power, arbitrating all
kinds of obstacles to prevent renewal. They do not form leaders or leaders, they do
not form cadres, nor do they organize the people. They have no connection with
the people. Let us remember the popular overflow in the march of the 4 of his. With
participation of the union, business and political sectors
It is a widespread and common phenomenon in our country due to the absence of
adequate internal control mechanisms, due to the submission to the political power
that has historically existed in the institution as well as the absence of citizen
control mechanisms of judicial officials. For this reason, an approximate analysis of
corruption in the Judiciary was carried out from the perspective of the
aforementioned factors.
Peru is perhaps one of the countries that best illustrates, during the nineties, the
indicated successive movement of opening and closing in the jurisdictional sphere,
of hope for change and delayed reality in the field of judicial structures. The
perversion and frustration of the "judicial reform" process developed under the
Fujimori regime precisely demonstrates, in a very dramatic way, this pendulum
movement: the reform, which at the beginning could have aroused enthusiasm and
adhesions, was in essence nothing else, as In the end it became clear that it was
an instrument of subjection of the judiciary to the designs of a corrupt clique eager
to perpetuate itself, through authoritarian and fraudulent means, in the power of the
State.
Of course, it is not that judicial corruption arose with the Fujimori regime. The evil
pre-existed and even, at various times in the preceding decades, some scholars
called attention to its presence and even to the threat that its eventual uncontrolled
extension represented to the justice system as a whole. However, the dimensions
reached and the forms under which it was presented in the nineties are such that
they still continue to fill citizens with stupor and indignation.
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

Closely linked to the exercise of power, corruption seems to be a constant

presence in the history of humanity. Lord Acton, liberal Catholic and professor at
the University of Cambridge, coined a formula at the end of the 19th century that
has become famous: in a letter addressed to Bishop Mandel Creighton, dated April
3, 1887, he maintained that "power tends "to corrupt and absolute power corrupts
absolutely." There has always been corruption, because there has always been
power among men, and when such power has lacked predetermined channels and
boundaries, corrupt acts have tended to overflow beyond all control.
It is worth noting, however, that ""corruption" previously had a much broader
meaning than it currently has", since in the tradition of Western political thought,
from Plato and Aristotle to Machiavelli, that is, since Antiquity classical until the
Renaissance, the term was used "to refer less to the actions of individuals than to
the moral health of society as a whole," which is why aspects such as "the terms of
the distribution of wealth and wealth" were highlighted. power, the relationship
between leaders and followers, the sources of power, and the moral right of rulers
to govern", or also "the "love of freedom" of a people. Hence, for example, for
Thucydides, the Athenian capture of Melos, devoid of any other justification than
the mere need for conquest, "implied the corruption of the State."
As Joaquín Gonzáles notes, in reality the completely modern understanding of the
phenomenon demands, as an essential element, "the distinction between res
publica and the private sphere, typical of complex societies that establish organs of
power with autonomous decision-making capacity." Michael Johnston, for whom
"modern conceptions of corruption are based on the idea of explicitly public roles,
endowed with limited powers and subject to impersonal obligations," speaks in the
same sense.
Thus, while an intimate sphere was not reserved as a right of the people, removed
from the interference of the State, while the value of the individual was not affirmed
in contrast to the communitarianism of the first forms of political organization, while
a state apparatus did not emerge distinct from the person of the sovereign and
subject to certain restrictions and limits, one could not properly speak of corruption.
As Johnston states, "an absolute autocrat cannot be corrupt in the modern sense
of the concept until certain limitations are imposed on his power."
Be that as it may, fully situated in our time, it is confirmed that, despite the great
attention that corruption has attracted in recent years and the numerous notions
and perspectives presented, "its conceptualization continues to be problematic",
showing itself as a "phenomenon protean and clandestine, difficult to intellectually
grasp. And, as Philp has pointed out, "no one has managed to come up with a
'concise' and universally satisfactory definition," even though "the search for
definitions has long been a feature of conceptual and political debates about
corruption." ».
Albert Calsamiglia, among other authors, has drawn attention to the relativism of
the concept. By reserving a place of importance to "a theory of corruption that aims
to solve practical problems," the Spanish scholar maintains that this will not be
possible "without taking into account the conditions and social practices on which
(such a theory) is projected." . It follows from this that "corruption is relative to
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

some social practices", which requires "accepting that the same behavior can be
considered corrupt in one society and not corrupt in another."
The worst corruption that Peru has experienced, due to its severity, magnitude and
generalization. What prevailed in the nineties was a political regime entirely
dedicated to plundering state resources, in a country with 50% poverty and 20%
extreme poverty. A regime that designed a perverse Machiavellian gear for this
purpose, without any type of limit or scruples: crimes, extortion, human rights
violations, control and manipulation of institutions, purchase of media, arms
trafficking, drug trafficking, psychosocial operations, etc. . And gear that I seek and
achieve, also accomplices in all sectors and areas of the country.
MAIN FACTORS THAT GENERATE CORRUPTION IN JUSTICE
* Lack of communication, coordination and information between the different State
agencies.
* Improper and/or illegal delegation of functions internally, both in the Judicial
Branch and in the Public Ministry.
* Concentration of functions in the Supreme Court of Justice.
* Lack of transparent mechanisms for the selection and appointment of judges,
magistrates, prosecutors and police officers.
* Poor salary policy.
* Lack of objective and clear criteria in the adjudication of cases.
* Excessive bureaucracy.
* Lack of development of Judicial, Police and Fiscal careers.
* Poor functioning and lack of autonomy of internal control bodies.
* Poor legal education, with poor training for work in the PJ.
DEMOCRATIC CULTURE
Participatory democracy is reflected in citizen participation, supporting the
participation of society in moments and issues of transcendental importance for the
country, where national dialogue is institutionalized as a permanent mechanism of
citizen participation and strengthening current organizations and/or or spaces for
consultation and openness with civil society. the structural violence that is reflected
in the phenomena of corruption, drug trafficking and terrorism.
A REGULATORY FRAMEWORK AGAINST CORRUPTION
Constitutional anti-corruption norms. The Constitution of the Republic is the
foundation of the laws and actions of the State. The international treaties and
agreements signed and ratified are the only norms of equal hierarchy with the
Constitution of the Republic. All laws must be constitutional, since the
unconstitutionality of a law implies its nullity. The Constitution of the Republic
establishes normative foundations in relation to corruption that are developed in
lower-ranking laws.
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

III.4. Unemployment
The lack of employment in Peru is not a recent problem, but has been happening
for many years. This problem has generated various attitudes in the population that
see migration as the main solution to this problem. Another way to end this
problem is the creation of MYPEs that employ many people through the creation of
small businesses. Next, we will explain one of the main consequences of
unemployment.
Various social consequences are generated from the lack of employment. The
main one being the migration that most people resort to, mainly Peruvians who see
a better job future abroad or simply believe that in any other country the situation is
better than in Peru. The main reasons why people emigrate are high
unemployment rates, misery, lack of economic and social resources, violence and
war, they are always the reasons that force individuals and entire families to seek
means of subsistence far away. of his own land. In all this, migration has become a
social problem. Another social consequence, but which is given as a solution to the
problem, is the creation of MYPEs (Micro and small businesses) that seek to
generate employment and help many people with enthusiasm to progress. An
example of them would be "Gamarra", a conglomerate of industrial, commercial
and service companies dedicated to the manufacture of clothing that brings
together approximately 10 thousand companies that employ approximately 60
thousand people.
There are groups especially affected by unemployment. Firstly, probably the most
affected group is young people, who have unemployment rates equivalent to
almost twice their average. One of its probable determinants is that young people
have less work experience, which reduces their chances of entering the labor
market. An interesting fact is that in the last decade the youth unemployment rate
has decreased slightly and the unemployment of individuals over 50 years of age
has increased. From our point of view, the issue can be reduced to the fact that
today's young people have a higher level of education than older generations, in
terms of employment, they cost companies less. In this context, adults find an
unfavorable outlook. Another group affected by unemployment is women, whose
unemployment rate has usually been clearly higher than that of men. Finally, it has
also been observed that the poor exhibit higher unemployment rates. For example,
it is shown in Lima that the poor have shown an unemployment rate equivalent to
almost double that of those who are not poor.
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

III.5. Alcoholism
Alcoholism is a dependency with characteristics of addiction to alcoholic
beverages. It is characterized by a craving to drink an alcoholic substance, loss of
self-control, physical dependence and withdrawal syndrome. Alcohol is one of the
drugs that, due to its easy access and powerful propaganda it receives, has
become a real social problem in almost every country. all countries and at all ages
from adolescence onwards. Alcohol is the drug most widely used by adolescents in
Peru. Although we do not have statistics, there is evidence of a high rate of
alcoholism among young people. However, what are the disorders caused by
excessive alcohol use? Many people may think that as long as they do not become
a typical alcoholic, the consequences of drinking frequently and in high doses are
not so alarming. But the ravages of alcohol can be serious and many of them
irreversible.
According to a national survey from 2012 and another from Metropolitan Lima in
2013, the age of initiation of alcohol consumption, in men and women, is 13 years
old. "The consumption of alcoholic beverages at an early age generates collateral
damage to the individual and society. Aggression, depression, poor school
performance, loss of memory capacity. As well as an increase in robberies and
gangs," warns Otárola.
Various studies indicate that the process of brain development continues until the
age of 18, so that everything that affects this process will leave an irreversible mark
on the person. Specialists point out that the nervous and digestive systems
deteriorate, there is brain damage that affects memory capacity, there are signs of
heart disease and psychological problems such as aggression, anxiety and
depression.
One of the main causes of this evil, according to the President of Devida, is
dysfunctional homes. "Unfortunately in Peru, an important group of households see
a certain permissibility for the consumption of alcohol by minors. 'Consume alcohol
but not drugs', 'better drink at home and don't go out' parents often say. There is an
alcoholism problem in Peruvian society," he explains.
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

III.6. Drug addiction

Drugs are defined as, according to the RAE: “substance or medicinal preparation
with a stimulating, depressing, narcotic or hallucinogenic effect.” Substances that
alter your body in its functioning, diverting its natural form and taking it where
nature wisely did not put it. There are legal and illegal drugs, both harm the body
but they differ in their damage per dose, while legal ones do harm in larger doses,
illegal ones do so in smaller doses. Drugs in general cause damage to the body
and lead, if abused, to the integral deterioration of the human being, leading them
to deplorable situations and it is a scourge on society because these people are
reduced to useless and abandoned people whose recovery is a cost. high
transaction costs for the population (transaction costs are costs that we must pay
for deviations in the population, the greatest example is the existence of notaries
since a person's word is not valid).
Since the last decade, drug consumption has maximized in an impressive way.
However, something even more worrying than this is that its potential consumers
are now also teenagers. There has always been knowledge that drugs were not
only consumed by adults, but the excessive growth of younger adolescent
consumers is increasingly worrying. According to the Ministry of Health, among the
legal drugs in Peru are alcohol and cigarettes. Both goods are subject to large
selective consumption taxes to avoid their mass consumption, although it is clearly
evident that even so, their consumption is completely massive.
The Ministry of Health indicates that the most consumed drugs in Peru are:
Dope
Terocal
Cocaine (PBC)
Currently, many people consider that the consumption of these drugs is a strictly
serious social problem, due not only to their consumption, but also to the people
who consume them, especially young people.
So, it is necessary to ask why drug consumption increased so much in young
adolescents. Many factors are the answer to the question posed. Here are some:
• Easy accessibility
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

• Low prices
• Group pressure
• Low self-esteem
• Little knowledge of the consequences
• Poor family formation
• Poor social knowledge
Without a doubt, we cannot brand a teenager as immoral, or as having a bad life,
just because he or she is a consumer of narcotic substances. Drug use in
adolescents covers a much more complex issue than drug use in adults, due to the
still-unfinished training they have. We will analyze each of these factors that can
lead to drug abuse:
 Easy Accessibility: The ease of obtaining drugs, mostly marijuana, is
extremely surprising. This is because many teenagers do not choose to sell
the drug, but rather to sell it. Not only in the most humble sectors do we find
drug sellers, but also in private schools in Modern Lima. The sale of these
substances comprises another social problem that will not be seen in this
theoretical framework.
 Low Prices: the low price of marijuana and terocal can be considered one of
the most important factors in drug consumption. It is natural to understand
that the demand for drug use in adolescents is mostly for the cheapest
substances. The low price, added to the easy accessibility, makes the
problem of how to get the drug easier. The other factors will imply why you
chose to consume it.
 Group Pressure: Nowadays, group pressure considerably influences the
decision making of many people. The environment to which one belongs
can both facilitate and hinder one's drug use. Many young people use drugs,
and get into addiction simply because of group pressure.
 Low Self-Esteem: Low self-esteem is a clear consumer factor. The
adolescent does not have a consolidated personality, he does not have
clear or outlined objectives, nor is he firm in his decisions. Added to what
has already been mentioned, low self-esteem due to different external
factors, it is much easier to fall into drug use to wrongly take refuge from
your problems.
 Little knowledge of the consequences: adolescents from the AYB sectors
have regular knowledge about the consequences of consuming marijuana.
However, this is not reflected in the most precarious sectors, where
knowledge of the consequences of drug use is zero.
 Poor Family Formation: family instability, lack of affection, poor formation of
values on the part of the parents with the child mean that the child does not
have clarity regarding what is good and bad. The lack of a father or mother
in the core of the family represents a problem that in the long term can lead
to drug or alcohol consumption.
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

 Precarious Social Knowledge: the knowledge that a teenager, and society in

general, has about what is good and bad, is very damaged. This is due in
part to the poor social training provided not only by the family but also by
educational centers. It is necessary to have a developed social conscience
not only to avoid the consumption of drugs or alcohol, but to act
appropriately on a daily basis.

III.7. Prostitution
Prostitution extends across all continents and is part of a vast trade in real and
virtual sex without limits of borders, laws or codes. Simultaneously, the fight
against this "scourge" has spread throughout the world through conventions,
agreements, declarations, protocols, action plans, alliances and networks between
UN agencies with international NGOs such as ECPAT and INTERVIDA to share
campaigns. international organizations, specialized advice and "sponsorship" of
sexually exploited children.
The Peruvian government has approved the Children's Code, has modified criminal
legislation and has established joint work networks between the Ministry of
Women, NGOs, municipalities and journalism, for the execution of awareness
campaigns, the approval of codes of ethics, the delivery of fiery speeches, and
publicity against prostitution, sex tourism, child trafficking, pedophilia and child
pornography via the Internet.
All of this reflects the effort deployed by both international organizations and the
Peruvian government and civil society organizations in the fight against
"commercial sexual exploitation of children" that "violates the rights of the child."
Peru, as one of the signatory countries of the Convention on the Rights of the
Child, its Optional Protocols and International Action Plans, has been honoring its
commitments with the delivery of Reports regarding the "achievements" achieved
in this fight.
However, the problem has not diminished anywhere on the planet. On the contrary,
every time international organizations meet to create a new declaration or
agreement, their diagnoses cannot ignore the numerical growth and greater
complexity of the problem.
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

In the specific case of Peru, this is evidence that is reported daily by the written,
television and radio press in Lima and the different regions of the country. The
government institution responsible for the issue, NGOs, networks and scholars,
however, celebrate the success of "campaigns" already carried out, announcing
new ones to "eradicate" sexual exploitation in our environment.
All of these findings support the rationale for this study. Methodologically, its
research object is the prostitution of female adolescents between 14 and 18 years
old.

III.8. The education

A country without education is a country without a future, without the possibility of
achieving sustained development over time and, therefore, without the possibility of
overcoming the problems of inequality, poverty and exclusion. An educational
system must create people and citizens with basic values and knowledge to
achieve personal and professional development. In this sense, a country with an
educational system in crisis cannot aspire to overcome poverty, much less to
consolidate sustainable development, and will only manage to deepen existing
gaps and intensify social conflicts without being able to forge citizens who can
aspire to enjoy of their rights.
The Peruvian educational system is not guaranteeing its students the most basic
learning. We must stop talking about the right to access to talk about the right to
learning, it is not enough to attend a school but it is necessary to remain in it and
by leaving it have acquired knowledge that is friendly and respectful of the
knowledge and needs of those who learn, knowledge that make it possible to
identify and develop personal talents, which help to think well and communicate
properly, to work as a team, to develop empathy, generosity, honesty, individual
effort and the dignity of work, to visualize and build a different future .
This critical situation violates the fundamental right of every Peruvian to quality
education, affecting the possibility of acquiring other basic learning for their own
development and that of society. It affects the poorest in the country to a greater
extent, who also have greater difficulty accessing and staying in school.
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

There are multiple factors that generate this crisis, from the instability of policies to
the low number of study hours or the absence of a coherent pedagogical policy.
Furthermore, the education sector itself, which is called to address this emergency,
is also seriously ill. We have an obsolete and centralized educational system that
will not be able to face the magnitude of the crisis without drastic changes within it.
The educational problem brings with it many problems, which together are the
main reasons why we are not able to escape underdevelopment. This allows us to
take a new perspective on the problem and recognize the importance of quality
education.

IV. CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL PROBLEMS AT THE LOCAL LEVEL.

If we dare to speak in order of priority, we can say that the most urgent problems to
address are: water and sanitation, citizen security, environment, transportation and
urban reorganization. The Municipality must be the first to know the reality of its
territory, so that its investment is effective, has a high impact and achieves the
expected results.

IV.1. The insecurity

There is no doubt that among everything that Sullana suffers from, the cancer that
is spreading in both urban and rural areas is citizen insecurity, every day you hear
comments about robbery from a relative close to neighbors, people are simply
scared, Nothing has been done to reduce this wave of assaults that at any time of
the day, women, children and the elderly are violently attacked in the desire to
steal their cell phone or wallet. If we choose to carry a weapon, we run the risk of
killing the criminal and go to prison, or that they steal the same weapon and kill us,
I have seen some paintings “VIDEO SURVEILLANCE A REALITY” I wonder, will
that reduce the alarming levels of crime? I think not, video surveillance must be
accompanied by an immediate response system and that, above all, arrest and
sentencing be effective, the number of police officers we have is not enough to
confront this scourge of society, we should do What other countries like Ecuador
do, because we have to imitate the good, Ecuador at some point decided to
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

change some laws that allowed the army to patrol the most important cities, the
vast majority of the military population, especially the soldiers, stopped vegetating.
and together, politicians, police and military, decided to take control, now we can
see that soldiers and police accompany the interprovincial buses as a supervising
agent of order (they do not pay fare) thus lowering crime to logically controllable
rates with a series of measures such as the toughening of penalties for robbery
and rape.

IV.2. Pollution.
Sullana's pollution problems are varied. These become great due to the lack of
decision to confront them. Sullana's pollution problems are varied, but it is not the
only one. There are others just as serious that are ignored and not properly
confronted. These greatly affect the habitat of living beings.
 The deterioration of the Chira River
The Chira River, considered the largest in the Pacific basin, is the only source of
fresh water supply for human consumption for approximately three thousand
families (about 15,000 residents) who live in Bajo Chira or near its banks.
Untreated domestic wastewater and solid waste that are dumped into river waters
constitute factors that generate health risks for the health of the population and the
environment.
All wastewater (from the drains and sinks inside the hospital) and contagious
infectious substances, often loaded with bacteria, go directly to the domestic
sewage network or public network, without any prior treatment, putting residents
and residents at serious risk. users because they finally end up in the great sewer
of Sullana: Río Chira.
Farmers in the valley are also harmed by these waters. Well, the water that
irrigates their plantations is a sticky green liquid, which remains impregnated in the
earth and the crops, with a putrid smell, which implies a degree of phytosanitary
contamination and puts the production and health of the plants at risk. thousands
of consumers.
Adding to the problem of pollution in the river is the abundant presence of water
lilies, which, when rotting, prevent the development of life in the water. In this way,
species such as shrimp have stopped living in the tributary.
Consequences of the contamination of the Chira River
- Bad odors, due to lack of water circulation and the penetration of sunlight. It
becomes stagnant water causing bad odors.
- Loss of fauna and birds, due to lack of variety of breaths since, due to being
contaminated, in some cases these species are forced to emigrate.
- Contaminated fish, due to having contaminated food such as fish, which is a
source of sustenance.
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

- Loss of tourist capacity, in this water you can practice jet skiing, canoeing, hiking
and other recreation.
- Loss of landscapes and resources, due to the absence of tourists, there would be
no reason to maintain the landscapes and access them for use.
According to the analysis made by the General Directorate of Environmental
Sanitation - Lima, the river presents 0.32 parts per million of oxygen, when the
normal thing is for it to reach 3.5. The E Coli bacteria, a component of the fecal
waste, which is found in the river (due to its entry through all the waters of the
province's drains, is consuming and depleting oxygen, in such a way that soon the
river will dry up and It will not even serve as fertilizer consumption. And to this is
added the death of all the aquatic species that existed.
 For household solid waste
The population leaves their garbage bags in front of their houses, or in the drums
of the school, office, store, etc., they are not careful when throwing away the
garbage, since they do it in inadequate bags where street dogs are also staunch
polluters, stirring up the garbage. garbage bags It is preferable to wait for the
garbage collection car, and not rush to leave them on the outskirts or throw them
into the street. They do not realize that this same garbage is part of a huge amount
that is thrown away daily throughout the city and of an entire complex collection
and transportation system.
The content of these bags and drums belongs to the so-called solid household
waste, which is the remains of your daily consumption, to which we do not assign
any value. Household solid waste constitutes the majority of the garbage thrown
away in Sullana
Mercury oxide from a button battery (used for example in cameras or radios)
released into a watercourse, underground or surface, affects two million liters of
water, endangering human health and others. living beings.
Their poor management leads to the presence of infectious foci and the presence
of vectors that transmit various diseases.
 Scrap metal, a polluting danger
Another problem is ferrous waste, “particulate material from oxides, carried by the
wind and which silently affects the respiratory tracts of the population, especially
children. These heavy metals like cadmium and others are carcinogenic.
The large scrap yard that can be seen at the exit of Sullana and that has been
expanding into industrial lots has not been fenced as appropriate and on the
contrary, it gives an ugly note to a province that has a beautiful valley.
 Hydrobiological products
Discharges from companies such as hydrobiological products (squid or giant squid)
cause bad odors, altering soils and pipe cohesion.
Ways to contaminate:
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

- The handling of the squid from the boats towards the transformation centers
produces suction waters loaded with squid remains.
- Sanguaza is water with solid content prior to the production process.
- Soda is used to clean the facilities. The water with soda and organic remains is
dumped directly into the Chira River without any treatment.
- Drying processes are used to cook the squid and water vapors with a high
concentration of gases with an intense and strong odor are discharged into the air.
They pollute the environment by burning squid remains
In Sullana there are several legal and illegal factories, one of them is the artisanal
factory Garcivel Fishing SAC, which processes Pota, a marine animal extracted in
Paita and Talara, without any type of sanitary or legal permit, a time bomb has
been created.
These squid flour processing factories dry tons of rotting squid in the sun on
platforms or plastics in a procedure known as "pampa drying." The informals use
the vacant lands on the highway to Tambogrande and the Sullana – Piura road.
This produces foul odors throughout the city, which causes discomfort as it occurs
24 hours a day, while the population endures the contamination of strong
nauseating odors and also permeates clothing and walls of homes, threatening
health and the environment. environment, since the remains of squid that dry in the
open air attract a large number of disease-transmitting insects. The infestation of
flies, the smoke generated by incineration and the stenches are carried by the wind
towards populated areas, generating discomfort among citizens. The most affected
are the inhabitants of the Santa Rosa Urbanization, who live near these areas.
Distributed in these properties there are at least fifty people who are dedicated to
the unpleasant task of incinerating these marine remains and then selling them in
bags to various buyers, who take this improperly treated product to convert it into
balanced food.
Although it may seem ironic, but it is reality, 80% of Pota flour that is produced in
an artisanal way (Paita, Sullana, Talara) goes illegally to Ecuador to be exported
from there to consumer countries (China, Chile, Central America and others). ) as if
it were an Ecuadorian product.
That is to say (through the same artisanal process) the environment is
contaminated, the environment deteriorates here in Peru (Piura) and the profit or
money stays in Ecuador.
 The automotive fleet, a polluting factor
Also worrying is the pollution from gaseous emissions produced by the Automotive
Park, as well as the burning and emissions from factories, carbon monoxide,
nitrogen particulate matter, are the pollutants that affect health, especially the nasal
passages and eyesight. . The city center is the most contaminated point due to the
circulation of motorcycle taxis (about 18 thousand). As well as in other sectors due
to older vehicles that do not have preventive maintenance. Regarding these
smaller vehicles, Sullana has become a large national assembly center. Many
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

operate without a license, selling cards without delivering them at low prices, which
unsuspecting buyers acquire for having a work tool.
It could be concluded that the only way to think about taking care of the place we
live in, especially for those who will come later, is to protect it in an organized
manner between regional and local authorities, the public and private institutions
involved, as well as organized civil society. that little by little generates a culture of
prevention to avoid damage to the environment.
Also worrying is the pollution from gaseous emissions produced by the Automotive
Park, as well as the burning and emissions from factories, carbon monoxide,
nitrogen particulate matter, are the pollutants that affect health, especially the nasal
passages and eyesight. . The city center is the most contaminated point due to the
circulation of motorcycle taxis (about 18 thousand). As well as in other sectors due
to older vehicles that do not have preventive maintenance. Regarding these
smaller vehicles, Sullana has become a large national assembly center. Many
operate without a license, selling cards without delivering them at low prices, which
unsuspecting buyers acquire for having a work tool.
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

CONCLUSIONS

 All the problems that afflict us are only the response of nature according to
the treatment that human beings give it.
 Human beings must become aware of the great problem that exists if we do
not conserve our resources for the future.
 The main cause of poverty is the lack of opportunity that exists today.
 The entire solution to the problems that overwhelm our country is in our
hands, we are the most indicated to change Peru for the better and it makes
it stronger, grow and above all be able to bear fruits of hope for all
Peruvians, but as I mentioned before, all the change is in our hands.

OPINION ARTICLE
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS

CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL PROBLEMS: GLOBAL, NATIONAL

AND LOCAL

AND
Today there are different
types of problems that
involve a series of moral
and ethical discussions that occur at the global,
national and local level. There are many solutions
that seek to end different problems such as drug
addiction, abortion, discrimination, among others.
Around the world there is a lot of criticism about
what each country does or tries to do to combat these
types of problems, which sinks our world into a
global debate, absorbing us into lawsuits and
controversies, which diverts us from seeking a
solution towards the problems that affect not only a
part of society but affect us all, although many times
we do not realize the effects that these problems
cause on us.
In addition to this, we can
consider serious problems
regarding water, which is
becoming more depleted every
day and the population is not
aware of how to preserve it.
Human beings must become
aware of the great problem
that exists if we do not
conserve our resources for the
future.
As for the province of Sullana, we can say that it is not free of the social problems that
plague the world. There are serious crime problems that grow every day and expose the
population to constant danger for their lives. Added to that, there are environmental
pollution problems due to household solid waste, “scrap” recycling, hydrobiological
products, the automotive fleet, etc.; They are the ones that generate various diseases that in
many cases lead to death.
It is unfortunate that today's society is faced with so many problems, each one greater than
the other but which harms human beings and the environment that surrounds them.
The entire solution to the problems that overwhelm our country is in our hands, we are the
most indicated to change Peru for the better and make it strengthen, grow and above all be
able to bear fruits of hope for all Peruvians, but as I mentioned before, all the change is in
our hands.
PROBLEMAS SOCIALES CONTEMPORANEOS