Recognized the political and
administrative functions of the East India
Company for the first time
Laid the foundations of central
administration in India
Designated the Governor of Bengal as the
'Governor-General of Bengal' and created
Regulating Act of 1773 an Executive Council
Made the governors of Bombay and
Madras presidencies subordinate to the
governor-general of Bengal
Established a Supreme Court at Calcutta
Exempted the Governor-General and the
Council from the jurisdiction of the
Supreme Court for official acts
The article provides the list of members
and the portfolios held in the Interim Interim Government (1946) and
Government (1946) and the First Cabinet Excluded revenue matters from the
of Free India (1947). First Cabinet of Free India (1947) jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
Amending Act of 1781 Provided that the Supreme Court was to
administer the personal law of the
defendants
Abolished the East India Company and
transferred the powers of Government,
territories and revenues to the British Allowed appeals from the Provincial
Crown Courts to the Governor-General-in-
Council
Changed the designation of the Governor-
General of India to that of Viceroy of India Distinguished between the commercial
and political functions of the East India
Company
Ended the system of double Government Government of India Act of 1858
by abolishing the Board of Control and
Court of Directors Created a new body called the Board of
Pitt's India Act of 1784 Control to manage the political affairs
Created a new office, Secretary of State for
India, with complete authority and control Empowered the Board of Control to
over Indian administration supervise and direct all operations of the
civil and military government or revenues
Made a beginning of the representative
institutions by associating Indians with the Gave the Governor-General power to
law-making process override the decision of his council in
special cases
Initiated the process of decentralization by Act of 1786
restoring the legislative powers to the Made the Governor-General the
Bombay and Madras Presidencies Indian Councils Act of 1861 Commander-in-Chief
Empowered the Viceroy to make rules and The Company Rule (1773–1858) Extended the overriding power given to
orders for the more convenient the Governor-General over his council
transaction of business in the council
The Evolution of Gave the Governor-General more powers
and control over the governments of the
Increased the number of additional (non-
official) members in the Central and India's Charter Act of 1793 subordinate Presidencies
Constitutional and
provincial legislative councils
Extended the trade monopoly of the
Increased the functions of legislative
councils and gave them the power of
Indian Councils Act of 1892 Political Company in India for another 20 years
discussing the budget and addressing
questions to the executive
Framework under Abolished the trade monopoly of the
British Rule Company in India
Considerably increased the size of the Asserted the sovereignty of the British
legislative councils, both Central and Crown over the Company's territories
provincial
Charter Act of 1813
Allowed Christian missionaries to come to
Retained official majority in the Central India
legislative council but allowed the
provincial legislative councils to have non-
official majority Provided for the spread of western
education
Enlarged the deliberative functions of the Indian Councils Act of 1909 (Morley-Minto
legislative councils Reforms) Made the Governor-General of Bengal as
the Governor-General of India
Provided for the association of Indians
with the executive councils of the Viceroy Deprived the Governors of Bombay and
and Governors Madras of their legislative powers
Charter Act of 1833
Introduced a system of communal Ended the activities of the East India
representation for Muslims by accepting Company as a commercial body
the concept of 'separate electorate'
Attempted to introduce a system of open
Relaxed the central control over the competition for civil service selection
provinces by demarcating and separating
the central and provincial subjects Separated the legislative and executive
functions of the Governor-General's
The Crown Rule (1858–1947) council
Introduced 'dyarchy' in the provinces, with
transferred and reserved subjects
Established a separate Governor-General's
legislative council
Introduced bicameralism and direct Government of India Act of 1919 (Montagu-
elections in the country Chelmsford Reforms)
Introduced an open competition system of
Charter Act of 1853 civil service selection
Required three of the six members of the
Viceroy's executive Council to be Indian
Extended the Company's rule and allowed
it to retain the possession of Indian
Extended the principle of communal territories on trust for the British Crown
representation to Sikhs, Indian Christians,
Anglo-Indians and Europeans
Recommended the abolition of dyarchy,
extension of responsible Government in
the provinces, establishment of a
federation of British India and princely
states, and continuation of communal
electorate
Simon Commission (1927)
Continued separate electorates for the
Muslims, Sikhs, Indian Christians, Anglo-
Indians and Europeans, and extended it to
the depressed classes (Scheduled Castes) Communal Award (1932)
Provided for the establishment of an All-
India Federation consisting of provinces
and princely states
Abolished dyarchy in the provinces and
introduced 'provincial autonomy'
Introduced bicameralism in six out of
eleven provinces Government of India Act of 1935
Further extended the principle of
communal representation
Established a Reserve Bank of India and a
Federal Court
Ended the British rule in India and
declared India as an independent and
sovereign state from August 15, 1947
Provided for the partition of India and
creation of two independent dominions of
India and Pakistan
Abolished the office of Viceroy and
provided for a governor-general for each
dominion Indian Independence Act of 1947
Empowered the Constituent Assemblies of
the two dominions to frame and adopt any
constitution
Proclaimed the lapse of British
paramountcy over the Indian princely
states
