Source: www.alshajura.com.mt Source: Quark studio.

com

HOSPITAL DESIGN
PREPARED AND COMPILED BY AR./ENP. SHALLA GAYLE B. BILLANO
CREDITS TO AR./ENP. MARIA REBECCA M. PEÑAFIEL, CUAP
HOSPITAL is defined as
• It is an institutional building type
• It functions 24 hours a day and admits patients
• It is established for the following purposes:
To prevent and treat diseases
To deliver medical care
To rehabilitate
To promote overall wellness
• It provides immediate care to victims of emergencies and disasters

Criteria for Hospital SITE SELECTION

• Flat or gently rolling topography
• Away from heavy industrial and special zones (sanitary landfill, airport)
• Along or near public transport routes and highways
• Away or free from natural and man-made hazards (earthquake fault lines,
liquefaction, storm surges, tsunami, flooding, landslides)
Classification of Hospitals in the Philippines
1. According to Ownership

 Government

 Private

2. According to Scope of Services

 General - provides services for all kinds of illnesses, diseases, injuries or deformities

- provides medical and surgical care to the sick and injured, maternity, newborn and childcare

- renders services in, but not limited to:

a. Clinical Services
• Family Medicine
• Pediatrics
• Internal Medicine
• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Surgery
b. Emergency Services
c. Outpatient Services
d. Ancillary and Support Services such as, clinical laboratory, imaging facility and pharmacy

 Specialty - specializes in a particular disease or condition or in one type of patient

3. According to Functional Capacity

 General

 Specialty

 Trauma Capability
Classification of Hospitals in the Philippines
Level 1 Capacity: 25, 50, 75 beds Level 2 Capacity: 100, 150, 200 beds Level 3 Capacity: 200, 300, 400, 500 beds
Services and Capability: Services and Capability: Services and Capability:
1. EMERGENCY CARE (Level 1 plus) (Level 2 plus)
3.
Including 4 basic clinical departments
According to Functional Capacity
Including for Teaching and Training
2. OUT-PATIENT CARE
1. EMERGENCY CARE with Isolation 1. EMERGENCY CARE with Isolation
3. DIAGNOSTICS (X Ray, Laboratory)
2. OUT PATIENT CARE for Surgery, Obstetrics, 2. OUT PATIENT CARE (4 Clinical Departments, Specialty
4. IN PATIENT CARE (Nursing Wards, Pediatrics, and Internal Medicine Departments Clinics, Dialysis, Physical Rehabilitation)
Delivery, Surgery)
3. DIAGNOSTICS (X-Ray, Advanced X-Ray, 3. DIAGNOSTICS (X-Ray, Advance X-Ray, Laboratory with
5. INTENSIVE CARE (Newborn) Laboratory with Blood Station, Drug Testing) Blood Bank, Drug Testing)

6. ADMINISTRATIVE (Executive, 4. IN PATIENT CARE (Departmental Nursing Wards, 4. IN PATIENT CARE (Departmental Wards, Specialty
Administration, Financial, Records Surgery, Delivery) Wards, Surgery, Specialty Surgery, Delivery)
Management, Supply, Social
Service) 5. INTENSIVE CARE (Adult and Newborn) 5. INTENSIVE CARE (Departmental ICU, Burn Unit,
Newborn)
7. SUPPORT TO SERVICES (Pharmacy, 6. ADMINISTRATIVE (Executive, Administration,
Sterilizing, Dietetics, Laundry and Financial, Records Management, Supply, Social 6. ADMINISTRATIVE (Executive, Administration, Financial,
Linen, Engineering and Service) Records Management, Supply, Social Service)
Maintenance, Motor pool, Morgue
for Deceased Holding) 7. SUPPORT TO SERVICES (Pharmacy, Sterilizing, 7. SUPPORT TO SERVICES (Pharmacy, Sterilizing, Dietetics,
Dietetics, Laundry and Linen, Engineering and Laundry and Linen, Engineering and Maintenance,
8. UTILITIES (Water and Electrical Maintenance, Motor Pool, Morgue with Autopsy) Security, Motor Pool, Morgue with Autopsy)
Supply, Communications,
Emergency Power, Waste 8. UTILITIES (Water and Power Supply, 8. UTILITIES (Water and Power Supply, Communications,
Treatment [Solid and Waste Communications, Emergency Power, Waste Emergency Power, Waste Treatment, Fire Protection, Air
Water], Air Conditioning, Fire Treatment, Fire Protection, Air Conditioning, Conditioning, Conveying, Medical Gas Line)
Protection, Medical Gas) Conveying, Medical Gas Line)
9. CONFERENCE, TRAINING AND RESEARCH
Functions of a Level 2 Hospital in the Philippines
1. Emergency Care
2. Outpatient Care
3. Diagnostics
4. In Patient Care
5. Administrative
6. Support Services

* Disaster Response

Source: Meditek.ca

Hospital Zones
1. Outer Zone
2. Middle Zone
3. Middle Zone Restricted – Deep Zone
4. Inner Zone
5. Support to Services
6. *Comfort Zone (Optional)

Source: Kingstonhsc.ca
 Basic Space Requirements based on the Hospital Zones
OUTER ZONE MIDDLE ZONE MIDDLE ZONE INNER ZONE SUPPORT TO COMFORT ZONES*
RESTRICTED SERVICES
-DEEP ZONE
Frontline Services / Ancillary Services / Deep Zone: Nursing Services: Support to Services: Comfort Zones
Departments: Departments: (Optional):
Main Lobby Imaging Surgical Suite Nurse Stations Central Executive
Department Sterilizing and Housing
Emergency Delivery Suite Pediatric Processing
Department Laboratory Nursing Units Staff Housing
Department Neonatal Dietetics
Out Patient Intensive Care OB/GYN Department Sports
Departments Blood Station Nursing Units Facilities
Laundry and
Financial Drug Testing Surgical Nursing Linen Open Spaces
Center Units Department
Administrative
Dining Areas Departments Medical (w/ IM) Central Supply
and Other Nursing Units
Commercial Autopsy and
Spaces Intensive Care Morgue
Units (NICU, MICU)
Pharmacy Facility
Chapel/Prayer Management
Public Parking Room
Waste
Family Rooms Management
 Basic Approaches in Planning and Design
ZONAL PLANNING DEPARTMENTAL LAYOUT PATIENT-CENTRIC DETAILED INFECTION CONTROL
DESIGN APPROACH PRINCIPLES
1. Divide into zones 1. Group the activities and 1. Provide for 3 territories: 1. Dirty Area to Clean Area
spaces into: Patient in between family and back to Dirty Area
2. Follow basic rules • Public / Reception staff
Public → Semi Public • Patient / Clinical Family – PATIENT – Staff 2. Clean Area to Non-Sterile
• Staff /Administrative Area to Sterile Area to
/ Private → Private
• Service Support 2. Apply in patient bed Highly Sterile Area back to
• Educational Area situations Sterile Area to Non-Sterile
3. Apply to hospitals Area to Clean Area
Outer → Middle → 2. Establish a workable
Inner/Inner module or grid 3. Clean to Sterile to
Restricted Controlled back to Sterile
to Clean

Note: Service 4. Clean to Controlled to

Note: Approach is patient- Isolation back to
Support Zone
centered and non-negotiable Controlled to Clean
encompasses all
zones
 Building Attributes of a Hospital
1. ACCESSIBILITY - Considers the special needs of elderly and the disabled

2. EASY VISIBILITY - Areas that deal with life threatening situation are seen upon entrance

3. AESTHETICS - Prioritizes natural views, appropriate colors and textures and culturally sensitive design

4. SECURITY - Free from external threats

5. SAFETY - Features disaster resilient structural, non-structural and functional elements

6. SUSTAINABILITY – Follow the Philippine Green Building Code guidelines

7. CLEANLINESS AND SANITATION - Uses materials, fixtures and design features that control the spread of infection

8. CONTROLLED CIRCULATION - Avoids cross traffic between departments

9. FLEXIBILITY AND EXPANDABILITY - Prefers modular design

10. EFFICIENCY AND COST EFFECTIVENESS - Groups related areas for sharing of logistics

11. THERAPEUTIC ENVIRONMENT / HEALING ENVIRONMENT - Stress-free indoor and outdoor environment

Reference: Whole Building Design Guide - Building Types: Health Facilities www.wbdg.org
 OUTER ZONE ACTIVITIES FUNCTIONS OF THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT
• Treatment of an acute injury or illness that poses an immediate risk to a
Frontline Services / • Pre-Care person’s life or long-term health (Source: Wikipedia)
Departments: • In-Care • Provision of immediate treatment to patients 24/7
• Post-Care • Accommodation of surge of patients
Main Lobby PRE-CARE • Response to disaster victims (external treatment)
• Receiving of patients and companions • First link to hospital networking system (accepting referrals from level 2
Emergency • Triaging hospitals)
Department • Decontamination • Receiving of patients from quarantine and isolation
• Isolation LOCATION OF THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT WITHIN THE HOSPITAL
• Documentation of Patients • Highly public area of the hospital
Out Patient
• Provision for Companions' Needs (Waiting, • At the ground level
Departments
Nourishment, Toilet) • Front part facing major street
• Highly visible from main egress
Financial IN-CARE • Directly accessible to Outpatient Department, Laboratory, Imaging,
Center • Resuscitation Admitting, Operating Suite, Delivery Suite, Billing and Cashier, Cafeteria, Morgue
• Examination and Treatment
Dining Areas a. Departmental (Pedia, IM, OB-GYN, Surgery)
and Other
Commercial • Diagnostics (X ray, Lab Tests)
Spaces • Emergency Surgery
• Emergency Delivery (Preferably done
Pharmacy in the Delivery Suite)
• Observation after Treatment
Public Parking • Nursing Care
• Nourishment of Patients

POST-CARE
• Payments
• Discharging or Admitting
• Administrative Support
 Space Requirements of the EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT

Space Additional Guidelines for Planning and Design Patient Male / PWD Toilet
Patient Female / PWD Toilet
Lobby (separate for walk-in and Provide wheelchair and stretcher parking
Bereavement Room
patients in ambulance)
Women and Child Protection Room with
Triage Area Provide cubicle per patient Toilet
Emergency Area Family Waiting Area 2 companions per patient
Nurse Station
Public Male / PWD Toilet Provide Housekeeping / Janitors’ Closet 1. Counter
Public Female / PWD Toilet Provide Housekeeping / Janitors’ Closet 2. Nurse Supervisor Office
3. Medicine Preparation
Decontamination Room with Toilet and Preferred 2 rooms with bed; Anteroom with 4. Equipment Storage Should fit all emergency equipment
Shower handwashing station 5. Clean Linen Storage
Isolation Room with Anteroom and Preferred with bed each 6. Supplies Storage
Toilet 7. Clean Utility
Resuscitation Room At least 2 beds/cubicles with space for staff 8. Soiled Utility With space for waste holding
movement and life saving equipment 9. Nurses' Locker Room Separate locker room for student nurses;
Operating Room with Doctors' provide space for lounging chairs
Dressing, Scrub Up and Sub 10. Toilet With urinal
Sterilization Area
Exam/Treatment Cubicles At least 4 cubicles per department Satellite Pharmacy At least 15 sq. mts
and specialty (9-12 sq. mts) Emergency Head/Manager Office with T&B
1. Surgical EX/TX Cubicles Conference Room Good for 12 pax; common use
2. OB/GYN EX/TX Cubicles Pantry/Break Room For common use of ED staff
3. Medical EX/TX Cubicles Male Doctors on Duty Room With T&B and lounging chairs
4.Pediatrics EX/TX Cubicles Divide into neonatal basinets (4) and older Female Doctors on Duty Room With T&B and lounging chairs
children cubicles (4); away from resuscitation Disaster Response Office Required for government hospitals; with
area T&B; could be separated from Emergency
Observation Cubicles At least one cubicle per department and Department
specialty; direct access or view from Nurse
Station
 FUNCTIONS OF THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT
• Regular or preliminary consultation (departmental and specialty cases)
OUTER ZONE ACTIVITIES • Examination and treatment of non-emergency patients during office hours (8 am- 7 pm)
• Day Surgery
Frontline Services / • Pre-Care • Regular Check Up
Departments: • In-Care • Follow Up after Surgery / Treatment
• Post-Care • Screening and Testing
Main Lobby PRE-CARE
• Receiving of patients / companions / LOCATION OF THE OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT WITHIN THE HOSPITAL
• Highly public area of the hospital
Emergency relatives • Located on the ground level but closed after office hours
Department • Registration, Recording, and Getting of • Adjacent from main lobby or elevator lobby but can have separate entry and exit
Number • Could be separated from the main hospital building but directly linked to it; with clear
• Waiting and highly visible signage
Out Patient
• Nourishment • Very near public parking area
Departments • Adjacent to Imaging, Laboratory, Admitting, Billing and Cashier, Cafeteria/Nourishment
Center
IN-CARE
Financial • Typical for Departmental Care:
Center Consultation and Examination
Screening and Testing
Dining Areas Treatment
and Other
Commercial • Nursing Care
Spaces • Diagnostic Procedures (Imaging, Lab Tests)

Pharmacy * Day Surgery (adjacent to ER)

Public Parking POST-CARE

• Admitting (if required by doctor)
• Payments
• Discharge
• Administrative
• Services Support
 Space Requirements of the OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT
Space Additional Guidelines for Planning and Design
Main Lobby
Satellite Pharmacy See Pharmacy Space Requirements
Registration Counter
OPD Records Room Satellite X-Ray Required if building is separate
Main Waiting Area Assume 2 companions per patient; Provide for spillage Satellite Laboratory Required if building is separate
waiting Office of OPD Head/Manager With T&B
Satellite Billing Optional; may use central billing of hospital if near Conference Room For 20-50 pax
Satellite Cashier Optional; may use central billing of hospital if near Pantry
Public Male/PWD Toilet Assume required number of fixtures per NBC will triple; Staff Male Toilet Required per floor
Required per floor Staff Female Toilet Required per floor
Public Female/PWD Toilet Assume required number of fixtures per NBC will triple; Staff Locker Room/ Pantry Required per floor
Required per floor Residents on Call Room
Lactation Room with receiving area and 2-4 seats Janitors’ Closet Required per floor
baby changing

Per Department Clinic 4 clinics per department (Surgery, OB/GYN, Internal

Medicine,
Pediatrics); 15 sq. mts per clinic Day Surgery Include typical space requirements of a clinic,
• Reception Counter reception counter and sub-waiting areas
• Sub Waiting Area 1. Ante Room
• Consultation / Examination Part of clinical space 2. Patient’s Dressing Room and Lockers with
• Screening and Testing Separate rooms for specialty clinics Toilet
• Treatment Room Separate rooms except for dental clinics; should be 3. Doctor’s Dressing Room with
dictated by department or specialty Toilet
• Work Counter Part of treatment space 4. Major Operating Room At least 36 sq. mts
• X-Ray For dental clinics only 5. Scrub Up
• Doctors' Toilet 6. Sub Sterilization Area
• Supply Storage 7. Recovery Room
• Clean Utility Room 8. Nurse Station Refer to Nurse Station Emergency requirements
• Duty Utility Room (select only)
 MIDDLE ZONE ACTIVITIES
Ancillary Services / • CLINICAL PATHOLOGY – Clinical Microbiology, LOCATION OF THE LABORATORY DEPARTMENT WITHIN
Departments: Clinical Chemistry, Hematology, Blood Bank, THE HOSPITAL
Serology/Immunology
• DRUG TESTING
• Between outer and inner zones
• VOLUNTARY BLOOD DONATION AND BLOOD STATION • Directly accessible from emergency, and
Imaging CLINICAL PATHOLOGY LABORATORIES outpatient departments
Department Receiving of sets of specimen samples for testing • Located in the periphery of the hospital building to
Blood extraction
Processing of test samples – identification, labelling, permit expansion
Laboratory barcoding
Department Automated Analysis
• Adjacent to soft spaces
Interpretation of results and consultation
Blood Station
Releasing of Test Results TRENDS IN LABORATORY DESIGN
DRUG TEST
Receiving
• Open Plan Design to foster interaction
Drug Testing Registration • Modular design for flexibility
Collection of urine specimens – split samples
Immunoassay Testing • Closed design laboratories are still needed for
Administrative
Releasing or Notification of results microbiology and histopathology
Departments Confirmatory Testing if found positive
Storage of samples for one year • Automated Testing and less use of manual testing
VOLUNTARY BLOOD DONATION AND BLOOD STATION • Bio safety Level 3 for microbiology laboratory
Reception
Registration • Access to hospital communication system
Donor Interview
Physical Examination
• 25% of lab area allocated for equipment area
Blood Letting • Practice of sustainability
Donor Resting and Nourishment
Blood Typing and Bar Coding • High degree level of safety and security
Blood Screening and Testing
Blood Storage
Blood Releasing and Distribution
 18. Clean Utility
19. Dirty Utility
Space Requirements of the LABORATORY DEPARTMENT 20. Janitor’s Closet

Blood Center
Space Additional Guidelines for Planning and Design
1. Sub-Waiting
Sub Lobby
2. Registration
3. Public Female / PWD Toilet If separate from Clinical Laboratory
Laboratory
4. Public Male / PWD Toilet If separate from Clinical Laboratory
1. Receiving Counter
5. Interview Room
2. Registration
6. Physical Examination Room
3. Waiting Area More than adequate; Sometimes combined for clinical
7. Doning Room At least 2 cots
laboratory, blood station, and drug testing
8. Donor’s Lounge with Pantry
4. Automated Release Area
9. Blood Testing Room
5. Releasing Counter
10. Blood Storage At least 2 blood refrigeration
6. Public Male / PWD Toilet 11. Office and Distribution Area
7. Public Female / PWD Toilet
8. Phlebotomy / Extraction Room Drug Testing Unit
9. Laboratory with 1. Sub-Waiting
- Emergency Shower At General Laboratory, Microbiology, Histopathology, and Blood 2. Registration and Releasing Counter
Bank 3. Laboratory
- General Laboratory Hematology, Microscopy, Chemistry, Serology/Immunology 4. Office
- Microbiology BSL 3 (Biosafety Laboratory Level 3) with Anteroom for PPE; with
separate media preparation room

10. General Supply Storage

11. Office of the Head / Manager
12. Conference Room With Toilet
13. Pantry
14. Office of Medical Technologist
15. Autoclave Room
16. Staff Male and Female Toilet and
Lockers
17. Staff Pantry
 MIDDLE ZONE ACTIVITIES
Ancillary Services / TYPES OF IMAGING MODALITIES FUNCTIONS OF THE IMAGING DEPARTMENT
Departments: • X-Ray • Imaging examinations of anatomic structures to
• MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
• CT Scan (Computed Tomography Scan)
affect diagnosis
• Ultrasound • Use of techniques such as radiography,
• 3D Mammography tomography, fluoroscopy, ultrasonography,
Imaging • Reception mammography, interventional radiography and
Department • Registration
computed tomography
• Consultation
Laboratory • Patient Dressing / Changing
Department • Patient Holding LOCATION OF THE IMAGING DEPARTMENT WITHIN THE
• Imaging
• Quality Assurance and repeat if necessary HOSPITAL
Blood Station Between outer and inner zones
• Patient Dressing/Changing •
• Recovery • Convenient access to and from emergency,
Drug Testing • Release of patient
• Image Interpretation outpatient, and nursing units
Administrative • Recording • Adjacent to elevators
Departments • Communicating results to physician • Locate on the perimeter of the main hospital for
• Release of results
expansion, renovation, equipment requirement
and for equipment replacement
• Locate next to soft spaces
• Locate preferably on the ground level due to
weight of equipment
 18. Supply Room
Space Requirements of the IMAGING DEPARTMENT 19. Records Room
20. Clean Utility
21. Clean Linen Room
Space Additional Guidelines for Planning and Design
22. Dirty With space for waste holding
1. Receiving Provide space for patients in wheelchair and stretchers
23. Janitors’ Closet
2. Registration Counter
3. Sub-Waiting Area MRI
4. Public Male / PWD Toilet If public toilets are far •MRI is a non-invasive procedure using large magnets combined with radio waves and
a computer to receive signals from atoms in body tissue creating detailed cross section
5. Public Female / PWD Toilet If public toilets are far
images of organs and tissues
6. Patient Dressing / Changing and Found within equipment room except for MRI •MRI
Toilet •Architect and engineer should work with the MRI supplier before and during detailed
7. Mobile X-Ray Storage Adjacent to exit and elevator for easy transfer planning
8. Imaging Procedure Rooms •Provide protective barriers to keep the public away from the most dangerous magnetic
a. Patient Holding Room fields at least 3.00 meters around the equipment room
•Divide the unit into 3 zones
b. General X-Ray Rooms (Digital)
•Should not be located below a helipad or next to a sub station
c. X-Ray Fluoroscopy (Digital)
d. Ultrasound Rooms Waiting
e. MRI With 3.00 meter vacant space around the equipment room Preparation Room / Recovery Room
f. CT Scan Scan Room 6.0 x 8.0 sq. mts. to 7.0 x 7.0 sq. mts.
g. Mammography Equipment Room 3.0 x 6.0 sq. mts. to 4.0 x 7.0 sq. mts.
9. Interpretation / Reading Room and Centralized Control Room 3.0 x 6.0 sq. mts. to 4.0 x 7.0 sq. mts.
PACS
10. Office of the Head/Manager With toilet
11. Conference Room For 20 pax

12. Pantry
13. Staff Office
14. Locker Room
15. Staff Female Toilet and Dressing
16. Staff Male Toilet and Dressing
17. Staff Pantry
 Space Requirements of the IMAGING DEPARTMENT

CT Scan
• CT Scan uses x-ray and computer technology, employs Mammography
ionizing radiation to produce axial (cross section) body • Mammography is used for breast screening. May be
section images. Used for head and body imaging. For adjacent to ultra sound room for the fine needle biopsies
diagnosis, biopsy and therapy planning Interview Room
Waiting Change Room
Preparation Room Mammography 4.0 x 6.0 sq. mts.
Patient Holding Room / Recovery
Scan Room 6.0 x 6.0 sq. mts. with toilet
Control Room 3.0 x 6.0 to 4.0 x 6.0 sq. mts.
Equipment Room 3.0 x 6.0 sq. mts.
 General X-Ray and Fluoroscopy X-ray
Space Requirements of the IMAGING DEPARTMENT
Waiting
Ultra Sound Changing Room
Ultra Sound is a non-invasive procedure using high frequency sound X-Ray Room 5.0 x 6.0 sq. mts. to 6.0 x 6.0 sq. mts.
waves for diagnostic purposes. Permits the use of ultra sound for Control Room Entered from outside the X-Ray
various types of tissues and organs. It does not use ionizing radiation Room
and does not require shielding
Waiting
Ultra Sound Room 3.0 x 3.0 sq. mts. to 4.0 x 4.0 sq. mts.
Toilet

ADDITIONAL DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR THE IMAGING DEPARTMENT

• Imaging and screening rooms should be away from public view or from corridor
exposure
• Provide at least two entrances: From OPD, and from nursing units and emergency • Natural light is desirable in patient waiting areas
• Changing Room and Toilet per procedure room is preferred for privacy • Locate ultra sound and mammography or those with lesser radioactivity at the front
part of imaging department
 MIDDLE ZONE ACTIVITIES
RESTRICTED
-DEEP ZONE
Deep Zone:
Surgical Suite DELIVERY (NORMAL AND EMERGENCY DELIVERY) FUNCTIONS OF THE DELIVERY SUITE AND NEONATAL
Reception INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Delivery Suite Family Waiting • Provision of care for women on labor – high risk
Triaging/Physical examination and low risk
Neonatal Antepartum Testing
Admitting
• Normal delivery
Intensive Care • Caesarean/Abdominal delivery
Labor Low risk and High risk
Spontaneous delivery • Antepartum testing/physical examination
Caesarian delivery • Recovery care after delivery
Recovery and Post Anesthesia Care • Triaging and Physical Examination
Infant Screening/Preparation • Emergency/Septic Delivery
Post partum care and Breastfeeding • Infant Preparation and Screening
Discharge
• Neonatal Intensive care
NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT (NICU)
Intensive Care
Warmth and Temperature Regulation for Premature LOCATION OF THE DELIVERY SUITE AND NEONATAL
babies INTENSIVE CARE UNIT WITHIN THE HOSPITAL
Intermediate Care or Step Down Care • Restricted area of the hospital
Nutrition Support • Directly accessible from Emergency Department
Testing and Laboratory procedures • Should not be centrally located to allow for
IV fluid and feeding
expansion
Outborn Isolation Care
Breastfeeding • Located above exit discharge floor (Fire Code)
Milk Banking or Storage • Directly accessible to ramp or refuge area for
Family Viewing easy evacuation of patients
Discharge
 Space Requirements of the
DELIVERY SUITE AND NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)
Space Additional Guidelines for Planning and Design
Delivery Suite 1. Reception / Anteroom Directly accessible from Infant Preparation Room
Space Additional Guidelines for Planning and Design 2. Intensive Care Nursing With Nurse Station
1. Family Waiting May be shared with NICU 3. Premature / Cohort Nursery With Nurse Station
2. Public Male / PWD Toilet 4. Intermediate Care / Step With Nurse Station
3. Public Female / PWD Toilet Down Care Nursery
4. Transfer Area 5. Out born Isolation Nursery With Nurse Station
5. Physical Examination / Triaging 6. Breastfeeding Room / Area With dressing/changing room for mothers
6. Antepartum Testing With toilet 7. Milk Bank Storage
7. Nurse Supervision Area 8. Family Viewing Room / Area
8. Clean Up 9. Male Staff Dressing Room
9. Sterile Supply Storage with Toilet and Lockers
10. Female Staff Dressing Room
10. Equipment Storage
with Toilet and Lockers
11. Anesthesia Office / Workroom
11. Doctors' Lounge
and Storage
12. Office
12. Recovery Room / Post With Sub Nurse Station and Toilet
Anesthesia Care Unit
13.Low Risk Labor Room with T&B At least 6
14. High Risk Labor Room with T&B At least 6
Additional Guidelines for Planning and Design of
15. Janitors’ Closet the Delivery Suite and Neonatal Intensive Care
16. Delivery Room At least four (4); 36.00 sq. mts per Delivery Room where one Unit
is for Caesarean Delivery and accessible for Septic Delivery
• Consider with hospital owner or management LDRR
- Scrub Up Centralized or decentralized
- Sub Sterilization Centralized or decentralized (Labor Delivery Recovery Room) procedure in design
- Sterile Corridor
- Perimeter Corridor • Milk Bank/Storage may be separate from
17. Baby Screening / Preparation Directly accessible to NICU Breastfeeding Area if milk banking is part of hospital
Room
services
18. Soiled Utility Room
MICU
 MIDDLE ZONE ACTIVITIES FUNCTIONS OF THE OPERATING SUITE
RESTRICTED • Provides for various types of surgery:
• By Degree of Invasiveness – Minimally invasive (laparoscopy,
-DEEP ZONE
angioplasty) laparotomy
Deep Zone: • By Equipment Used – laser, micro surgery, robotics
Surgical OPERATING SUITE • Based on Timing – Elective, Semi-elective, Emerging
Suite • Admitting • Based on Purpose – Exploratory, Therapeutic, Cosmetic
• Reception / Nurse Supervision • Based on Procedure – Amputation, Replacement, Reconstructive,
Delivery • Examination / Pre-Operative Tests Transplant
Suite • Consent • By Body Part – Cardiac, Orthopedic, Gastro- intestinal (One organ
• Patient Dressing (for Day Surgery) system)
• Pre-Operative Instructions / Preparation
Neonatal • Use of manual and instrumental techniques to investigate or treat a
of Patient (can happen in the patient’s room or pathological condition such as disease or injury, to help improve bodily
Intensive
ward) function or appearance or to repair unwanted ruptured areas
Care • Antisepsis • Accommodates surgeons, surgeons’ assistants, anesthesiologists,
• Anesthesia Administration / Local / circulatory nurse and surgical technologists
General
• Invasive procedure meaning it penetrates the structure being excised
• Surgery
• Post Anesthesia Care
LOCATION OF THE OPERATING SUITE WITHIN THE HOSPITAL
• Close monitoring of patients
• Restricted area of the hospital
• Intensive Care, if needed
• Nursing Care • Directly accessible from Emergency Department
• Recovery • Preferably not centrally located to allow for future expansion
• Discharge • Located above exit discharge floor (Fire Code)
• Post-Operative Therapy, if needed (in the • Directly accessible to a ramp or refuge area for easy evacuation of
Outpatient Clinic) patients in critical care
• Near chapel, prayer room, cafeteria, public toilets, family room for
relatives’ and visitors’ convenience
 Space Requirements of the OPERATING SUITE
Space Additional Guidelines for Planning and
Design
1. Reception
2. Family Waiting Area Additional Guidelines for Planning and Design of an
3. Public Male / PWD Toilet Operating Suite
4. Public Female / PWD Toilet
5. Transfer Area 1. Consider 3 Zones within the Operating Suite:
6. Pre-Operation Area Pre-Operation Area Unrestricted, Semi-Restricted, and Restricted
7. Male Doctors’ Dressing Room and Lockers with T&B
8. Female Doctors’ Dressing Room and Lockers with T&B
1. Follow rules of Asepsis (absence of virus,
9. Nurses’ Dressing Room and Lockers with T&B bacteria, and microorganisms)
10. Nurse Supervision Area Semi-Sterile > Sterile > Highly Sterile
11. Clean Utility / Work Room
12. Sterile Instruments and Supplies Storage
1. Provide additional space for ORs for
13. Equipment Storage Cardiovascular, Neurological, and Orthopedic
14. Anesthesia Office / Workroom and Storage If used as Anesthesia Department Office, surgeries to accommodate large additional staff
should be found before sterile areas or before
doctors' dressing rooms and large equipment (plus ¼ or ½ of the
15. Post Anesthesia Care Unit with Sub Nurse Station Can double as Pre-Operation Room minimum size)
16. Doctors' Lounge May be provided with adjacent lounge for 2. Consider structural requirements of OR lights and
students
17. Janitors’ Closet other ceiling mounted equipment
18. Operating Rooms 3. Use anti-bacterial and anti-static floor finishes
a. 8 OR General (2 per Department) At least 36.00 sq. mts per Operating Room
b. 1 OR /Specialty (4) At least 54.00 sq. mts per Operating Room
4. Use washable wall finishes
c. Sterile Corridor 5. Use non-porous ceiling materials
d. Perimeter Corridor
19. Scrub-up Centralized or decentralized
20. Sub Sterilizing Room Centralized or decentralized
21. Soiled Workroom or Soiled Utility
MICU
 INNER ZONE ACTIVITIES
Nursing Services: FUNCTIONS OF THE NURSING UNITS AND INTENSIVE
CARE NURSING UNITS
Nurse Stations NURSING UNIT
• Provision of nursing care to admitted patients
• Reception
Pediatric • Medication
within 3 to 5 days
Nursing Units • Monitoring of vital signs • Coordinating Patients’ care with other
• Support to doctors’ rounds and visits departments
OB/GYN • Special nursing care per doctor’s • Provision of intensive nursing care after surgery,
Nursing Units instructions such as pain management catastrophic illness
• Daily change of linen
Surgical Nursing • Teaching and training of nursing students
Units • Management of visits LOCATION OF THE NURSING UNITS AND INTENSIVE
• Supervision of housekeeping, dietetics,
CARE NURSING UNITS WITHIN THE HOSPITAL
Medical (w/ IM) counselling within the ward
Nursing Units • Waste management • Accessible from main lobby and admitting areas
• Decontamination after room use • Along North and South orientation harnessing any
Intensive Care • Nursing Shift Turnover scenic view
Units (NICU, MICU) • Conferencing • Usually found above hospital podium
• Family Counselling • Surgical nursing units accessible from operating
Chapel/Prayer • Patients’ Documentation
suite
Room • Management of Patient Discharge
• OB/GYN nursing units accessible from delivery
Family Rooms INTENSIVE CARE NURSING UNIT suite
• All the above Nursing Unit activities plus: • Accessible to a service elevator or ramp
Monitoring of life saving equipment
Provision of intensive care to patients in
isolation ICU
 Space Requirements of the NURSING UNITS AND INTENSIVE CARE NURSING UNITS
Space Additional Guidelines for Planning and Design
1. Reception
2. Male / Female / PWD Public Nursing Unit
Toilets
3. Nurse Station One Nurse Station per 25-32 beds
a. Counter
b. Wheelchair Parking
c. Treatment Room
d. Medicine Preparation
e. Toilet Space Additional Guidelines for Planning and Design
f. Locker Room The spaces are standard for
g. Pantry MICU
h. Conference Room 1. Family Room With T&B, Pantry
i. Nursing Supervisor’s Room 2. Counselling Rooms
j. Clean Utility 3. Male Doctors’ Dressing and
Toilet Intensive Care
k. Dirty Utility / Soiled Linen Outside of NS premises or accessible from main corridor
l. Clean Linen Storage 4.Female Doctors’ Dressing and Nursing Unit
4. 4-6 Bed Wards with T&B Toilet
5. Semi-Private Rooms with T&B On separate floor or wing 5. Visitors’ Dressing
6. Private Rooms with T&B On separate floor or wing 6. Staff Pantry
7. Suites with T&B, Living, Dining 7. Ante Room With air lock
8. Isolation Room with Anteroom and T&B 8. ICU Cubicles At least 16 sq. mts per cubicle; 12 ICU Cubicles, 2
Isolation ICU with Toilet each
9. Family Room
9. Patients’ Toilet
10. Nourishment Area For family or visitors use
10. Work Station (See NS Remove treatment room, toilet, locker room, pantry
11. Playroom For pediatric wards
requirements for Nursing Unit)
12. Resident’s on Call Room With toilet
13. Department Head’s Office
− Conference Room
− Pantry
− Staff Office
− Library
14. Janitor’s Closet
Additional Planning and Design Guidelines
• North South orientation
• With views of natural landscape
• Accessible to gardens for visitors’ comfort
• Natural light available per room
• Quiet environment, minimum noise
• Privacy elements for wards
• Use of safe, low maintenance, easy to clean, and non-porous finishes and materials for
floors, walls, and ceilings
• Corridor at least 3.00 clear width
• Playroom of pediatric wards should be visible from Nurse Station
• Family Room should be visible from Nurse Station
• Maintain bed to bed distance (center to center) at least 2.20 mts. For infection control
• Provision of hand washing station per ward, in addition to toilet lavatory, for infection
control
• Area for infant bassinet in OB ward
• Provide for visitors’ needs (sofa, couch)
• For Nurse Station, use centralized, or front location, or hybrid
• Very clear and unobstructed fire exit corridor and route NICU
• Nurse call system visible toilets
• Corridor needs of older or elderly patients

MICU NURSE STATION

SPACE REQUIREMENTS
HOSPITAL AND COMMAND CENTER (MIDTERM)
1. Level 2 Hospital (100 bed capacity) with provision for expansion to become Level 3
a. For the space requirements, refer to the lecture and your research under Space Programming for Level 2 hospital
b. Include Dialysis and Chemotherapy centers

2. Command Center
a. to include offices for the DSWD, CDRRMC and other government agencies with similar functions)
b. Storage room for collapsible evacuation facilities and relief goods
3. Green Open Spaces

RESEARCH WORK (Merging of 2 groups)

1. DOH Technical Guidelines for Planning and Design of Hospitals (Level 2)

2. Space Programming for the Hospital and Command Center
3. Benchmarked Projects (4 for Level 2 Hospital and 2 for Command Center)
4. Architectural Design standards
5. Rooming In Act
6. Relevant Building Laws (NBC, BP344, RA9514, RA1378)
SCHEDULE OF DELIVERABLES
Major Plate Presentation
Discussion on Hospital Planning and Design

Conduct Research: Pair 2 groups

Week 7
(summarized, bullet form and diagrams)
1. Design Guidelines for Level 2 Hospital (refer to DOH)
Jan 31(W)
2. Space Programming for the Hospital and Command Center
3. Benchmarked Projects (minimum of 3)
4. Architectural design standards
5. Rooming-in Act
6. Relevant Building Laws (NBC, BP344, RA9514, RA1378)
Week 8 Submission of Research on short bond paper
100(research)
Feb 6 (T) Submission of Progress work 4 (Concept, Logical Framework, Site Analysis, Preliminary
50 (progress work)
Feb 7 (W) Zoning)
Week 9
Submission of Progress work 5 (Schematic Plans with color coding) 50
Feb 13 (T)
Feb 14 (W)
Week 10 Submission of Progress Work 6 (Final Plans, Elevations, Sections)
Revising progress work 6 based on comments
50
Feb 20 (T) Completion of Work
Feb 21 (W)
Week 11 Submission of Major Plate (thru online, an hour before OD) 100

Feb 27 (T) Oral defense

Feb 28 (W) A PowerPoint or any equivalent presentation should be prepared. 100
Mar 1(F)
Mar 2 (S)
Week 12 Written Exam Departmental Exam Days (SEA: W,F,S; GenEd: Th)
DRAWING REQUIREMENTS
II. Hospital and Command Center ▪ delivery room
▪ surgery/ operating room
ADDITIONAL works for groups of 6
▪ Intensive care unit (MICU) – adult
▪ Intensive care unit (NICU) – newborn
1. Updated Logical Framework ▪ family room for the ICUs

2. Updated Master Plan 8. 4 Elevations for each building (with material specifications; 1:100)

3. Site Analysis (ACS) 9. 2 Sections for each building (1:100), Hospital with color coding to show hospital
▪ Micro Analysis explaining the significance of specific site zones
conditions (e.g. sun orientation, prevailing winds, road
networks, etc) in the spatial arrangement and orientation of 10. 4 Exterior Perspectives (3 Normal View & 1 Aerial View)
hospital zones and spaces, and design of building envelope.
▪ Micro Analysis for the Command Center Building
11. Spot (Interior) Perspectives
▪ Hospital Lobby
4. Vehicular Traffic Flow, Emergency Traffic Flow, Safe Dispersal ▪ OPD Waiting Area
Areas & Evacuation Area ▪ Ward/Patient Room
▪ ICU Lounge
5. Site Development Plan (ACS) ▪ OR/DR/ER (preferably ER)
▪ Nurse Station
6. Floor Plans (1:200) with color coding to show hospital zones and ▪ Main Command Center
key plan for location reference ▪ Office Workstation of specific department
▪ Hospital ▪ dialysis center
▪ Command Center ▪ chemotherapy center
▪ delivery room
7. Detailed/Blow-up Plans (1:50 or 1:100) ▪ surgery/ operating room
▪ patient rooms/wards with nurse stations ▪ Intensive care unit (MICU) – adult
▪ emergency room ▪ Intensive care unit (NICU) – newborn
▪ doctor's offices, clinics and waiting areas ▪ family room for the ICUs
▪ diagnostics and laboratory (xray, blood, patho, etc)
▪ lobby, reception, pharmacy, chapel 12. Spot Details
▪ dialysis center ▪ Roof Framing Plan of Hospital (& of the Command Center)
▪ chemotherapy center ▪ Floor Framing (& of the Command Center)
▪ Ramp details
▪ 5 (8) Building Innovations/Smart Technologies showing spot plans and
sectional details
 Architecture
is a great tool
in delivering
good healthcare.