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Lecture 5 DC To DC Conversion 2

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12 views

Lecture 5 DC To DC Conversion 2

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mastergoodtaichi
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Power Electronics

Lecture 05
DC to DC Conversion 2
Boost Converter, Buck-Boost Converter,
& Flyback Converter

By
Dr. Eng., Marwan Rosyadi, ST., MT.
Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering
Boost Converter (Step-up Chopper)
What is Boost Converter ?
 Boost Converter or step-up Chopper is DC to
DC Converter which increases the input DC
voltage to a specified DC output voltage.
 The input voltage source is connected to an PWM
inductor. The solid-state device which operates
as a switch is connected across the source.
The second switch used is a diode. The diode
is connected to a capacitor, and the load and
the two are connected in parallel as shown in  The controlled switch is turned on
the figure above. and off by using Pulse Width
 The inductor connected to input source leads to Modulation (PWM).
a constant input current, and thus the Boost  The Boost converter has two modes
converter is seen as the constant current input of operation. The first mode is when
source, and the load can be seen as a constant the switch is on, and the second
voltage source. mode is when the switch is off.
Boost Converter Analysis
SWITCH CLOSED (ON MODE)

Circuit when the switch closed


Boost Converter Analysis
SWITCH OPENED (OFF MODE)

Circuit when the switch opened


Boost Converter Analysis
Boost Converter Analysis
Average, Maximum and Minimum Inductor Current
Boost Converter Analysis
Inductor Value
Boost Converter Analysis
Capacitor Value
Example
Problem: (b) Average inductor current
𝑉 20
𝐼 = = = 10𝐴
1−𝐷 𝑅 1 − 0.6 × 12.5

Maximum inductor current


𝑉 𝑉 𝐷𝑇 20 × 0.6
𝐼 = + = 10 + = 12.3𝐴
1−𝐷 𝑅 2𝐿 2 × 65 × 10 × 40 × 10

Solution: Maximum inductor current


𝑉 𝑉 𝐷𝑇 20 × 0.6
(a) Output Voltage 𝐼 = − = 10 − = 7.7𝐴
1−𝐷 𝑅 2𝐿 2 × 65 × 10 × 40 × 10
𝑉
𝑉 =
1−𝐷 (c) Output voltage ripple
20 𝐷 0.6
𝑉 = = 50 𝑉 𝑟= = = 0.006 → 0.6%
1 − 0.6 𝑅𝐶𝑓 12.5 × 200 × 10 × 10 × 10
Exercise

Problem:
Buck Boost Converter
What is Buck-Boost Converter ?

 The buck–boost converter is a type of


DC-to-DC converter that has an output
voltage magnitude that is either greater
than or less than the input voltage
magnitude.

 Buck Boost converter can operate as a


DC-DC Step-Down converter or a DC-  The input voltage source is connected to
DC Step-Up converter depending upon a solid state device. The second switch
the duty cycle, D. used is a diode. The diode is connected,
in reverse to the direction of power flow
 The controlled switch is turned on and from source, to a capacitor and the load
off by using Pulse Width Modulation and the two are connected in parallel as
(PWM) shown in the figure.
Buck-Boost Converter Switching Mode
SWITCH CLOSED (ON MODE)

 The Switch is ON and therefore represents a  The inductor stores charge during the time the
short circuit ideally offering zero resistance switch is ON and when the solid state switch is
to the flow of current so when the switch is OFF the polarity of the Inductor reverses so that
ON all the current will flow through the switch current flows through the load and through the
and the inductor and back to the DC input diode and back to the inductor. So the direction
source. of current through the inductor remains the
same.
Buck-Boost Converter Switching Mode
SWITCH CLOSED (ON MODE)
Buck-Boost Converter Analysis
SWITCH OPENED (OFF MODE)

In this mode the polarity of the inductor is reversed and the


energy stored in the inductor is released and is ultimately
dissipated in the load resistance and this helps to maintain
the flow of current in the same direction through the load and
also step-up the output voltage as the inductor is now also
acting as a source in conjunction with the input source.
Buck-Boost Converter Analysis
SWITCH OPENED (OFF MODE)
Buck-Boost Converter Analysis
Output Voltage
Buck-Boost Converter Analysis
Average Inductor Current
Buck-Boost Converter Analysis
L and C Values
Exercise
Problem:
Flyback Converter
Introduction to Flyback Converter
In many converter topologies around today, the Flyback Converter Operation
flyback topology is one of the most frequently Flyback converters are made up of the same basic
used. Although simple, this converter design elements as most other switching converter
offers great advantages for certain applications. topologies, but the differentiating element of a flyback
New, more complex topologies have surfaced in converter is its coupled inductor, which isolates the
recent years, but flyback converters remain a converter’s input from its output (see Figure).
popular design choice.
These switch-mode power converters offer
competitive size, cost, and efficiency ratios in
the low-to mid-power range (about 2W to 100W).
A flyback converter’s operation is based on a
coupled inductor, which aids in power
conversion while isolating the converter’s input
and output. The coupled inductor also enables
multiple outputs, which makes flyback A flyback converter has two signal semi-periods:
converters the standard for a wide variety of tON and tOFF, which are named after (and controlled
applications. by) the MOSFET’s switching states.
Flyback Converter Circuit
Flyback Converter Circuit
Flyback Waveform
Flyback Converter Analysis
Flyback Converter Analysis
Flyback Converter Analysis
Flyback Converter Analysis
Flyback Converter Analysis
Q&A
Terima Kasih

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