EASY:

1. What is a "document" as defined in questioned document examination?

a) A material containing marks, signs, or symbols that convey information
b) Only written statements that establish rights
c) Any material that is only visible
d) A statement made verbally

2. What is a "questioned document"?

a) A document whose contents are always true
b) A document whose authenticity is contested
c) A document written by multiple authors
d) A document used in legal proceedings

3. What does "Questioned Documents Examination" refer to?

a) Writing original documents
b) Scientific process of investigating questioned documents
c) Reading documents for information
d) Destroying fraudulent documents

4. A "holograph document" is:

a) A document with holographic images
b) A document written and signed by one person
c) A document witnessed by multiple people
d) A document with printed images

5. Who is a "Questioned Document Examiner"?

a) A person who destroys questioned documents
b) A handwriting identification expert
c) A person who writes legal documents
d) A person who copies documents

6. The primary focus of a "Fraud Investigator" is:

a) Handwriting analysis
b) Paper and ink examination
c) The money trail and criminal intent
d) Document preservation

7. A "Paper and Ink Specialist" deals with:

a) Only ink analysis
b) Only paper examination
c) Date, type, and source of paper and ink
d) Examining digital documents

8. What does a "Forgery Specialist" analyze?

a) Authentic documents
b) Altered and doctored documents
c) Handwritten notes
d) Paper quality

9. A "Grapho-Analyst" is also known as:

a) A handwriting expert
b) A document examiner
c) A psychologist who assesses personality traits from handwriting
d) A typewriting analyst

10. The role of a "Typewriting Analyst" includes:

a) Writing documents
b) Examining handwritten notes
c) Identifying the origin, make, and model of typewriters
d) Digital document analysis

11. "Handwriting" is sometimes referred to as:

a) Mindwriting
b) Brainwriting
c) Document writing
d) Scriptwriting

12. The term "tremor" in handwriting refers to:

a) Smooth and fluid strokes
b) Irregular shaky strokes
c) Bold and heavy strokes
d) Light and faint strokes

13. What does "rhythm" in handwriting indicate?

a) The lack of style
b) The harmonious appearance of characters
c) Randomness in writing style
d) Disjointed and inconsistent strokes

14. What are "class characteristics" in handwriting?

a) Unique to an individual
b) Found in handwritings of several people
c) Random and infrequent traits
d) Defects in writing

15. What are "individual characteristics" in handwriting?

a) General design of letters
b) Traits found in all handwritings
c) Personal design unique to a writer
d) Common characteristics shared by a group

16. An "absent character" in handwriting analysis refers to:

a) A character always present in writing
b) A character combination missing in one body of writing
c) A character found in all writings
d) A character written with a defect

17. "Accidental characteristics" are:

a) Regular features of writing
b) Unique traits outside the writer’s usual variation
c) Common writing habits
d) Features seen in all writings
18. A "permanent characteristic" in handwriting:
a) Changes frequently
b) Can always be found in a person’s handwriting
c) Is rarely seen
d) Is common in a group

19. "Common or usual characteristics" in handwriting refer to:

a) Traits unique to an individual
b) Traits found in a group of writers using the same system
c) Rare features
d) Accidental traits

20. "Occasional characteristics" in handwriting are:

a) Always present
b) Common in all writings
c) Unique strokes found occasionally
d) Permanent features

MODERATE:
21. "Rare characteristics" in handwriting are:
a) Common in all handwritings
b) Special to the writer and rare among others
c) Always seen in a group of 100
d) Found in daily writings

22. "Collected standards" in handwriting are:

a) Signatures requested for comparison
b) Writings produced in daily life
c) Digital signatures
d) Randomly selected samples

23. "Requested standards" in handwriting are also known as:

a) Natural standards
b) Procured standards
c) Post litem motan standards
d) Digital standards

24. For standard handwriting samples, how many signatures are generally needed?
a) 1-5 signatures
b) 10-25 signatures
c) 30-50 signatures
d) Over 100 signatures

25. How many pages of natural handwriting are generally needed for standard samples?
a) 1-2 pages
b) 4-5 pages
c) 10-20 pages
d) 50-100 pages

26. The ideal standards for questioned writing should be:

a) Only those written five years before the questioned date
b) Written before, on, and after the questioned date
c) Those written ten years after the questioned date
d) Randomly chosen without considering dates

27. What does the term "signature" refer to in document examination?

a) Any written mark
b) A person's name in their own handwriting
c) A printed name
d) A stamped mark

28. A "formal signature" is also known as:

a) Informal signature
b) Personalized signature
c) Copybook form
d) Semi-personalized signature

29. An "informal signature" is typically:

a) A full name written clearly
b) A set of initials or a shortened version of the name
c) A digital signature
d) A stamped mark

30. What defines a "personalized signature"?

a) It contains no unique marks
b) It is difficult to distinguish from others
c) It contains distinctive marks for identification
d) It is always in copybook form

31. A "semi-personalized signature" includes:

a) No distinctive designs
b) One or two distinctive designs for identification
c) Random scribbles
d) Printed letters

32. What is "patching" in handwriting?

a) Writing a new document over an old one
b) Retouching a defective portion of a stroke
c) Writing with shaky strokes
d) Fast and fluent writing

33. "Hiatus" or "pen jump" in handwriting refers to:

a) Continuous strokes without lifting the pen
b) A gap between continuous strokes
c) Overlapping strokes
d) Dark and heavy strokes

34. The "mainprint" on a Philippine paper bill:

a) Cannot be felt
b) Can be felt due to the thickness of the ink
c) Is always invisible
d) Is printed in light ink

35. The "portrait" on a genuine Philippine bill:

a) Appears blurry and indistinct
b) Appears life-like with clear and sharp details
c) Is always black and white
d) Is drawn by hand

36. The "watermark" on a genuine Philippine bill:

a) Is always visible
b) Is a hidden image revealed under ultraviolet light
c) Is drawn with ink
d) Appears only on counterfeit bills

37. The "metallic thread" on a genuine Philippine bill:

a) Is placed horizontally
b) Is placed vertically during manufacture
c) Is printed with ink
d) Is always colored red

38. "Colored fibers" on a genuine Philippine bill:

a) Are always black
b) Are scattered randomly and can be picked off
c) Are visible only under UV light
d) Are drawn with a pen

39. The "lacework design" on a genuine Philippine bill:

a) Is monochrome
b) Embellishes portraits and value panels with multicolored, sharp lines
c) Is a single color design
d) Is printed on the back only

40. The primary color for a Php 1,000 bill is:

a) Red
b) Green
c) Blue
d) Yellow

41. In handwriting analysis, what does "eyelet" or "eyeloop" refer to?

a) The main part of a letter
b) A small loop or curve inside certain letters
c) A straight line in handwriting
d) A break in a stroke

42. The "counter" in handwriting is:

a) A device used for counting letters
b) The space enclosed in letters like O, P, and Q
c) A straight stroke
d) The end of a letter

43. The "buckle" or "buckle knot" in handwriting refers to:

a) A defect in writing
b) A loop added to letters like k, b, and p
c) A space inside a letter
d) A straight line

44. What does "majuscules" mean in handwriting?

a) Small letters
b) Capitalized or uppercase letters
c) Cursive letters
d) Printed images

45. "Minuscule" in handwriting refers to:

a) Capitalized letters
b) Lowercase letters
c) Numbers only
d) Symbols and punctuation

46. What is "retracing" in handwriting?

a) Creating new strokes
b) Superimposing or highlighting parts of existing strokes
c) Writing with a new pen
d) Writing over another person’s handwriting

47. The term "ending strokes" in handwriting analysis:

a) Refers to the beginning of letters
b) Refers to the finishing part of strokes in letters
c) Are always straight lines
d) Are always loops

48. "Initial strokes" in handwriting refer to:

a) The middle part of strokes
b) The first strokes of letters
c) The last strokes of letters
d) The spaces between letters

49. "Writing instrument" refers to:

a) Any tool used for reading
b) Any tool used for writing or drawing
c) A machine for printing
d) A device for typing

50. "Letter design" in handwriting refers to:

a) The form and appearance of letters
b) The placement of text on the page
c) The color of the ink used
d) The spacing between words

HARD:
51. In handwriting, what are "connecting strokes"?
a) Strokes at the beginning of letters
b) Strokes that connect letters within a word
c) Strokes at the end of words
d) Strokes between paragraphs

52. What is a "signature simulation"?

a) An exact copy of an authentic signature
b) A freehand attempt to replicate an authentic signature
c) A digital signature
d) An automatically generated signature

53. "Photocopied signature" refers to:

a) A signature drawn by hand
b) A signature reproduced by a copying machine
c) A signature written in ink
d) A digital signature

54. "Traced signature" involves:

a) Writing a signature without reference
b) Reproducing a signature by following the outline of a genuine signature
c) Copying a signature using a scanner
d) A digitally created signature

55. What does "freehand simulation" mean in the context of signatures?

a) Using a machine to replicate a signature
b) Attempting to duplicate a signature by hand without direct copying
c) Writing without looking at the original
d) Scanning a signature

56. A "photocopied signature" can be identified by:

a) A high level of detail and ink variation
b) Uniformity and lack of ink variation
c) Always being blurred
d) A different color

57. What is the "letter spacing" in handwriting?

a) The thickness of letters
b) The distance between consecutive letters in a word
c) The height of letters
d) The width of letters

58. "Pen pressure" in handwriting analysis refers to:

a) The speed of writing
b) The amount of force applied while writing
c) The type of pen used
d) The angle of writing

59. "Slant" in handwriting refers to:

a) The height of letters
b) The angle at which letters are written
c) The spacing between words
d) The thickness of strokes
60. "Baseline alignment" in handwriting analysis is:
a) The vertical distance between lines of text
b) The imaginary line upon which most letters sit
c) The angle of writing
d) The space between letters

61. "Proportions" in handwriting refer to:

a) The height and width relationships of letters
b) The spacing between paragraphs
c) The thickness of strokes
d) The color of ink

62. "Letter formation" in handwriting is:

a) The pressure used while writing
b) The specific shapes of individual letters
c) The speed of writing
d) The angle of writing

63. What does "pen lifts" in handwriting analysis refer to?

a) The beginning of strokes
b) Points where the pen is lifted from the paper
c) The end of strokes
d) The pressure applied while writing

64. In handwriting, "line quality" refers to:

a) The length of lines
b) The smoothness and consistency of lines
c) The height of lines
d) The width of lines

65. What is a "disguised handwriting"?

a) Natural handwriting without changes
b) Handwriting that is intentionally altered to hide the writer's identity
c) Digital handwriting
d) Machine-generated handwriting

66. The "fluency" of handwriting refers to:

a) The speed of writing
b) The smoothness and ease of writing
c) The slant of writing
d) The pressure applied while writing

67. What does "initially smooth" handwriting indicate?

a) Continuous writing without breaks
b) Rough and jagged strokes
c) Natural and fluid handwriting
d) Shaky and inconsistent writing

68. "Forensic Document Examination" primarily involves:

a) Legal document drafting
b) Investigating the authenticity of documents
c) Writing new documents
d) Destroying fraudulent documents

69. In questioned document examination, "authentication" means:

a) Discrediting a document
b) Verifying the genuineness of a document
c) Copying a document
d) Altering a document

70. What is "document alteration"?

a) Creating new documents
b) Making changes to an existing document
c) Authenticating documents
d) Destroying documents

71. The term "obliteration" in document examination refers to:

a) Adding new text
b) Removing or obscuring existing text
c) Copying text
d) Highlighting text

72. "Indentation" in document analysis refers to:

a) Raised letters
b) Depressions or marks left on paper from writing
c) The color of ink
d) The slant of writing

73. What is "line crossing" in document examination?

a) Lines that overlap or intersect
b) Parallel lines
c) Lines that never touch
d) The end of a sentence

74. "Document dating" in questioned document examination involves:

a) Verifying the date a document was created
b) Writing the date on a document
c) Altering the date on a document
d) Destroying outdated documents

75. What does "chain of custody" mean in forensic document examination?

a) Writing chain letters
b) The process of documenting the handling of evidence
c) Destroying documents after examination
d) Storing documents in a chain

76. The "electrostatic detection apparatus (ESDA)" is used for:

a) Detecting ink colors
b) Revealing indented writing on paper
c) Scanning documents
d) Destroying documents
77. "Thin-layer chromatography" in document analysis is used to:
a) Identify the thickness of paper
b) Analyze the composition of ink
c) Measure the size of letters
d) Determine the slant of writing

78. In forensic document examination, "non-destructive testing" means:

a) Analyzing documents without causing damage
b) Destroying documents after analysis
c) Copying documents for analysis
d) Altering documents during analysis

79. What is "UV light examination" in document analysis?

a) A technique for measuring ink thickness
b) Using ultraviolet light to reveal hidden features
c) Burning documents to reveal hidden writing
d) Copying documents using light

80. The "Video Spectral Comparator (VSC)" is used for:

a) Writing documents
b) Comparing ink and paper using various light sources
c) Copying documents
d) Altering documents

81. What does "infrared luminescence" refer to in document examination?

a) Writing with invisible ink
b) Using infrared light to reveal hidden writing
c) Writing in the dark
d) Copying documents using infrared light

82. The term "microscopy" in document examination involves:

a) Examining documents with the naked eye
b) Using microscopes to analyze fine details
c) Writing documents under a microscope
d) Copying documents using a microscope

83. What is "graphology"?

a) The study of graphs and charts
b) The analysis of handwriting to infer personality traits
c) Writing documents
d) Copying documents

84. In questioned document examination, what does "signature forgery" refer to?
a) Creating authentic signatures
b) Imitating or reproducing another person's signature
c) Destroying forged signatures
d) Analyzing genuine signatures

85. "Paper fiber analysis" in document examination is used to:

a) Identify the type of paper
b) Measure the thickness of paper
c) Analyze the ink used on paper
d) Copy documents

86. What does "cross-hatching" refer to in document examination?

a) Straight lines only
b) Parallel lines
c) A pattern of intersecting lines used for shading
d) Circles and loops

87. The "QDE" stands for:

a) Quick Document Examination
b) Questioned Document Examiner
c) Quality Document Editing
d) Quotation and Documentation Examination

88. In handwriting analysis, what does "fluidity" indicate?

a) The speed of writing
b) The smoothness and ease of the writing process
c) The thickness of lines
d) The slant of writing

89. "Linguistic analysis" in document examination focuses on:

a) The physical appearance of a document
b) The language, syntax, and vocabulary used in a document
c) The ink and paper type
d) The handwriting style

90. What is "document forgery"?

a) The creation of a genuine document
b) The creation of a fake or altered document
c) The destruction of documents
d) The preservation of documents

91. In document examination, "ink differentiation" refers to:

a) The color of paper
b) Identifying different types of ink used in a document
c) The thickness of lines
d) The slant of writing

92. What is "document preservation"?

a) Destroying old documents
b) Protecting and maintaining documents for future use
c) Altering documents
d) Creating new documents

93. The term "letter distortion" in handwriting means:

a) Perfectly formed letters
b) Letters altered in shape or size
c) Only uppercase letters
d) Only lowercase letters
94. What does "handwriting exemplars" mean?
a) Samples of handwriting used for comparison
b) Digital handwriting
c) Typed documents
d) Copied handwriting

95. What is a "handwriting sample"?

a) Any typed document
b) A piece of writing collected for analysis
c) A digital signature
d) A photocopy of a document

96. In questioned document examination, what is "photo comparison"?

a) Comparing documents with photographs
b) Using photographs to compare handwriting samples
c) Copying documents
d) Destroying documents

97. The "VSC" stands for:

a) Visual Scanning Comparator
b) Video Spectral Comparator
c) Variable Signature Comparator
d) Verified Signature Check

98. What does "document fraud" entail?

a) Creating authentic documents
b) Altering or fabricating documents for deceptive purposes
c) Destroying documents
d) Preserving documents

99. In forensic document examination, what is "analysis of typewriting"?

a) Handwriting analysis
b) Examination of typed documents to determine the origin
c) Digital document analysis
d) Copying typed documents

100. What is "penmanship"?

a) The process of printing documents
b) The art or skill of handwriting
c) Typing skills
d) Copying documents