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CS CEP Report

CS CEP

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19 views6 pages

CS CEP Report

CS CEP

Uploaded by

ismail.beee21pnec
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Communication System (EE-351)

Complex Engineering Problem Report

Members:
Ismail Jawed (EE-1511)
Shahab Ud Din (EE-1533)
Syed Huzaifa Hashmi (EE-1523)

Submitted to:
Dr. Rashida Ali Memon
CEP REPORT
Contents
FM RADIO RECIEVER ........................................................................................................... 3
Abstract.................................................................................................................................. 3
Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 3
Methodology ......................................................................................................................... 3
Block Diagram ...................................................................................................................... 4
Detailed Design Choices ....................................................................................................... 4
Results ................................................................................................................................... 5
Conclusion ............................................................................................................................. 5
GNU Radio Code .................................................................................................................. 5
Detailed Explanation ............................................................................................................. 6

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY


CEP REPORT

FM RADIO RECIEVER
Abstract
This document details the design and implementation of a high-performance FM radio
receiver using a superheterodyne architecture in GNU Radio. The receiver targets the 88-108
MHz FM broadcast band and employs pre- and post-demodulation filtering to enhance
sensitivity and selectivity. A Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) is utilized for demodulation,
recovering audio signals with high fidelity. The receiver is optimized for efficient hardware
resource usage and low power consumption. The final design is tested against various FM
signals, demonstrating performance comparable to commercial FM receivers.

Introduc on
FM radio remains a prevalent medium for audio broadcasting, necessitating robust and
efficient receiver designs. This project explores the development of a superheterodyne FM
receiver using GNU Radio, an open-source toolkit for building software-defined radios. The
superheterodyne architecture offers superior selectivity and sensitivity by converting high-
frequency signals to a lower intermediate frequency (IF) for easier processing. This
document outlines the design methodology, implementation details, and performance
evaluation of the receiver.
Methodology
The receiver design leverages GNU Radio Companion (GRC) to create a simulation block
circuit, including the following components:
1. UHD USRP Source: Captures the RF signals.
2. Frequency Translator: Shifts the RF signal to an intermediate frequency.
3. Low-Pass Filter: Limits the bandwidth of the translated signal.
4. WBFM Receive: Demodulates the FM signal using a Wideband FM (WBFM)
demodulator.
5. Rational Resampler: Adjusts the sample rate for audio playback.
6. FIR Filter: Further refines the demodulated signal.
7. QT GUI Constellation Sink: Visualizes the constellation diagram of the signal.
8. Audio Sink: Outputs the audio signal.

The receiver is tuned to 98.2 MHz to receive transmissions from a corresponding FM


transmitter.

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY


CEP REPORT
Block Diagram

Detailed Design Choices


1. UHD USRP Source: Utilized to capture FM signals from the air using a Universal
Software Radio Peripheral (USRP). The center frequency is set to 98.2 MHz.
2.Frequency Translator: Shifts the incoming signal to a fixed intermediate frequency (IF),
facilitating easier filtering and demodulation.
3. Low-Pass Filter: Restricts the bandwidth to the desired FM channel, enhancing
selectivity and reducing interference.
4. WBFM Receive: Implements a Wideband FM demodulator with a quadrature rate of 192
kHz to demodulate the FM signal. The WBFM block is chosen for its ability to handle
wideband FM signals effectively.
5. Rational Resampler: Adjusts the sample rate to match the audio sink's requirements,
ensuring smooth playback.
6. FIR Filter: Applies a final filtering stage to clean up the demodulated signal, removing
any residual noise.
7. QT GUI Constellation Sink: Displays a constellation diagram with 1.024k points to
visualize the demodulated signal's phase and amplitude characteristics.
8. Audio Sink: Converts the digital audio signal to an analog output, suitable for listening
through speakers or headphones.

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY


CEP REPORT
Results
The designed FM receiver successfully demodulated FM signals at 98.2 MHz, providing
clear audio output. The performance was validated against weak and strong signal
conditions, demonstrating high sensitivity and selectivity. The output quality was comparable
to commercial FM receivers, with minimal distortion and noise. The constellation diagram
provided by the QT GUI Constellation Sink allowed for real-time visualization and analysis
of the signal quality.

Conclusion
The FM radio receiver designed with GNU Radio proved effective, utilizing a
superheterodyne architecture and WBFM demodulator for robust signal reception and high-
quality audio output. Efficient filtering and the QT GUI Constellation Sink aided in signal
analysis, while resource optimization ensured practicality across hardware environments.
This project underscores GNU Radio's capability for software-defined radio applications,
offering a solid foundation for future enhancements in radio communication systems.

GNU Radio Code

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY


CEP REPORT

Detailed Explana on
The provided code initializes a GNU Radio flowgraph for an FM receiver. The UHD USRP
source block captures the RF signal, which is then translated to an IF by the frequency
translator block. A low-pass filter limits the bandwidth before the signal is demodulated by
the WBFM demodulator, set with a quadrature rate of 192 kHz. The demodulated signal is
resampled to match the audio sink's requirements and filtered again to ensure clean audio
output. The QT GUI Constellation Sink displays the constellation diagram with 1.024k
points for real-time visualization. The final audio signal is played through the audio sink.
This design efficiently uses hardware resources, ensuring low power consumption and
minimal computational footprint.

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY

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