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1.rectification (Cartesian Form)

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14 views11 pages

1.rectification (Cartesian Form)

Uploaded by

abhay.rana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Rectification- caRtesian

fYBtecH seM-ii
MoDULe-4
RECTIFICATION
Here, we shall be concerned with the
determination of the length of arcs of plane
curves whose equations are given in
Cartesian, parametric or polar forms.
The process is known as rectification.
Hence Rectification means finding the length
of the curve between two given points.

June 13, 2022 MODULE-4 RECTIFICATION 2


LENGTH OF THE ARC OF A CURVE GIVEN IN CARTESIAN FORM:

(i) Length of the arc of a curve given by

is
(ii) Length of the arc of a curve given by

is

June 13, 2022 MODULE-4 RECTIFICATION 3


1) Find the total length of the curve
 The curve is called four cusped hypocycloid or asteroid.
 Its shape is shown in fig
⁄ ⁄
 Differentiating the given equation
⁄ ⁄
 ⁄ ⁄

 If is the length of the arc from to then


⁄
 ⁄

⁄ ⁄
⁄ ⁄
 ⁄

⁄ ⁄ ⁄ ⁄

 The total length of the curve

June 13, 2022 MODULE-4 RECTIFICATION 4


2) Find the length of the arc of from
 The required arc


 Now, put
 When when


 For the first integral put

 When when

June 13, 2022 MODULE-4 RECTIFICATION 5


2) Find the length of the arc of from


June 13, 2022 MODULE-4 RECTIFICATION 6


3) Find the length of the parabola which lies inside the circle
 The circle can be written as 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 6𝑦 + 9 = 9 i.e. 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3 =3 .
 Hence, its centre is 0, 3 and radius 3.
 The parabola 𝑥 = 6𝑦 is symmetrical about the 𝑦 −axis
 The two curves intersect where 4𝑦 + 𝑦 = 6𝑦 ∵ 𝑥 = 4𝑦
 ∴ 𝑦 − 2𝑦 = 0 ∴𝑦 𝑦−2 =0
 ∴ 𝑦 = 0 or 2
 When 𝑦 = 0, 𝑥 = 0 and when 𝑦 = 2, 𝑥 = ±2 2 ∵ 𝑥 = ±2 𝑦
 Since, 𝑦 = , =

 ∴ Required length = 2 ∫ 1+ 𝑑𝑥

 = 2∫ 1+ 𝑑𝑥

 =∫ 𝑥 + 4 𝑑𝑥

 = 𝑥 + 4 + log 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 4
 = 2 12 + 2 log 2 2 + 12 − 2 log 2
 = 2 6 + log 2 + 3

June 13, 2022 MODULE-4 RECTIFICATION 7


4) Show that the length of the parabola from the vertex to the end of the latus
rectum is . Find the length of arc cut off by the line

 Let be end point of latus rectum







June 13, 2022 MODULE-4 RECTIFICATION 8


4) Show that the length of the parabola from the vertex to the end of the latus
rectum is . Find the length of arc cut off by the line
 Second Part:
 To find point of intersection of line 3𝑦 = 8𝑥 and parabola 𝑦 = 4𝑎𝑥
 Put 4𝑥 = in 𝑦 = 4𝑎𝑥 we get 𝑦 = 𝑎
 ∴ 2𝑦 = 3𝑎𝑦 ∴ 2𝑦 − 3𝑎𝑦 = 0
 ∴ 𝑦 2𝑦 − 3𝑎 = 0 ∴ 𝑦 = 0, 𝑦 =
 When y = 0, 𝑥 = 0 ; When 𝑦 = , 𝑥 = = =
 Length of arc cut off by the line 3𝑦 = 8𝑥
⁄
 =∫ 1+ 𝑑𝑥
⁄
 = 𝑦 + 4𝑎 + log 𝑦 + 𝑦 + 4𝑎 (from first part)

 = + 4𝑎 + log + + 4𝑎 −0− log 0 + 2𝑎

 = + 2𝑎 log 4𝑎 − 2𝑎 log 2𝑎

 = + 2𝑎 log 2

 = + 𝑎 log 2

 =𝑎 + log 2

June 13, 2022 MODULE-4 RECTIFICATION 9


5) Find the length of the loop of the curve
 The length of the loop is given by

 𝑠 = 2∫ 1 + 𝑑𝑥
 Now differentiating the given function
 6𝑎𝑦 = 𝑥−𝑎 +𝑥 2 𝑥−𝑎
 = 𝑥 − 𝑎 3𝑥 − 𝑎

 ∴ =

 = =

 ∴1+ = 1+ =

 ∴𝑠 = 2∫ 1+ 𝑑𝑥 = 2 ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 3 𝑥+ 𝑑𝑥
⁄ ⁄
 ∴𝑠 = 3 ⁄
+𝑎 ⁄
⁄ ⁄
 = 2𝑎 + 2𝑎 = 𝑎

June 13, 2022 MODULE-4 RECTIFICATION 10


6) Find the total length of the loop of the curve
 If 𝑦 = 0, 𝑥 = −7 or 𝑥 = −4, the loop intersects the 𝑥 −axis at 𝑥 = −7 and at 𝑥 = −4
 If 𝑠 is the total length of the loop

 𝑠 = 2∫ 1+ 𝑑𝑥
 Now, 18𝑦 = 𝑥+7 2 𝑥+4 + 𝑥+4

 ∴ = =

 ∴1+ = 1+

 =1+
 = =
 ∴𝑠 = 2∫ 𝑑𝑥
 Put 𝑥 + 7 = 𝑡
 = 2∫ 2𝑡 𝑑𝑡 = 2 ∫ 𝑡 + 1 𝑑𝑡

 =2 +𝑡
 =2 3+ 3 = 4 3

June 13, 2022 MODULE-4 RECTIFICATION 11

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