PLSQL

HOMEWORK 1
17-05-2024
1 What is anonymous block in PLSQL?
ANS : An unnamed PL/SQL code block (code not stored in the database as a
procedure, function, or package) is known as an anonymous block.
It is a standalone block of code that can be executed directly in an Oracle
database without being stored in the database. These blocks are primarily used
for scripting, testing, or quick, ad-hoc tasks.

2. WHAT IS SET SERVEROUTPUT ON?

ANS : SET SERVEROUTPUT ON is a SQLPlus command used in Oracle databases to
enable the display of output from PL/SQL blocks.
When you run a PL/SQL block that contains calls to DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE (a
procedure used to print messages to the console), the output will be shown in the
SQLPlus console only if SET SERVEROUTPUT ON is enabled.

3. WHAT Is DBM_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE?
ANS : The DBMS_OUTPUT package enables you to send messages from stored
procedures, packages, and triggers.
The PUT and PUT_LINE procedures in this package enable you to place
information in a buffer that can be read by another trigger, procedure, or
package.

4. What is varible?

ANS : Variables are used to store temporary data that can be manipulated and
used within the PL/SQL block during its execution. They can store various types of
data such as numbers, characters, dates, and more.

5. what are the opertors used in PLSQL?

---1. Arithmetic Operators
---2. Comparison Operators
---3. Logical Operators
---4. String Operators
---5. Set Operators

6. Write a code to multiply the number 10,30?

>>SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;

DECLARE
v_out NUMBER(10);
BEGIN
SELECT
10 * 30
INTO v_out
FROM
dual;

dbms_output.put_line('MULTIPLICATION =' || v_out);

END;
7. Write a code to multiply the numbber 10,20,40,60 and add 10,50?

8. Write a code to multiply the numbber 10,20,40,60 and add 10,50 and
substract 5000-200?
>>DECLARE
V_OUT NUMBER (10);
V1_OUT NUMBER (10);
V2_OUT NUMBER (10);
BEGIN
SELECT 10*20*40*60 , 10+50,5000-200 INTO V_OUT ,V1_OUT,V2_OUT FROM
DUAL;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('MULTIPLICATION =' || V_OUT ||'____'|| 'ADDITION
='||V1_OUT||'____'||'SUBTRACTION ='||V2_OUT);
END;

9. Data type used in PLSQL?

---1. Scalar Data Types
---2. Composite Data Types
---3. Large Object (LOB) Data Types
---4. Reference Data Types
---5. User-Defined Data Types

10. Write a plsql block for the employee whose salary is 24000? output column
should be employee_id,first_name,last_name,salary?
11. write a plsql block for the employee whose last name is Mikkilineni?output
column should be employee_id,first_name,last_name,salary,job_id,email?

12. write a plsql block for the employee whose employee id is 131? output
column should be employee_id,first_name,last_name,salary,job_id,email?

>>DECLARE
employee_id NUMBER (10);

first_name VARCHAR2 (25);

last_name VARCHAR2 (25);

salary NUMBER (10);

job_id VARCHAR2 (10);

email VARCHAR2 (25);

BEGIN

SELECT employee_id,first_name,last_name,salary,job_id,email INTO

employee_id,first_name,last_name,salary,job_id,email FROM HR.EMPLOYEES
WHERE employee_id =131;

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('employee_id ='||employee_id||'___' ||'first_name

='||first_name||'___'||'last_name ='||last_name||'____'||'salary ='||salary
||'____'||'job_id ='||job_id||'____'||'email ='||email );

END;
HOMEWORK 2
22-05-2024
1. Write a plsql block to add 10,20,40,60,90 number.
2. Write a plsql block to multiply 10,20,60,40 number.

3. Write a plsql block to fetch salary for the employee whose employee_id = 100?
4. Write a plsql block to fetch first_name,last_name,job_id for the employee
whose email id is 'LDEHAAN'?

5. Write a plsql block to fetch first_name,job_id,manager_id,department_id

whose first name is 'Lex'?
6. Write a plsql block to update salary is 5000 for the employees mail id is
'AHUNOLD'?

7. Write a plsql block to update first_name is 'Jack' and last name is 'sparrow' for
the employees whose employee id is 103.
8. Write a plsql block to update salary with 5000 whose last_name is 'Ernst' if
last_name is not matching then update 2000 for employee first_name is 'Bruce'?--
IF -THEN-ELSE
>>if last name MATCHING

>>if last name not MATCHING

9. Write plsql block

if email != 'ABHSJ' then
insert employeeid - 380, first_name - 'Ajay',last_name - 'Thakre', email -
'AJMHS',HIRE_DATE - '12-JAN-22' and job_id - 'AD_VP'
if email = 'LDEHAAN' then update salary with 2500?

10. Write a plsql block to fetch all records from employee_25 table for the
employee_id = 140?
11. Write a plsql block to fetch employee_id,first_name,last_name from
employees for first_name = Neena?

12. Write a plsql block to fetch email_id,department_id,job_id from employees

for EMAIL = LDEHAAN?
13. Write a plsql block to fetch INCENTIVE for employee_id = 100? -- salary*0.12 =
INCENTIVE

15. Write a plsql block to fetch salary,employee_id,first_name,last_name for the

employee whose last name is Kochhar?
16. What is different between %TYPE and %ROWTYPE datatype?
%TYPE Attribute
Purpose: %TYPE is used to declare a variable that takes the data type of a single
column in a table or a variable.
Usage: It is typically used when you need a variable that holds a value of a specific
column from a table or a specific variable.

%ROWTYPE Attribute

Purpose: %ROWTYPE is used to declare a record variable that can hold an entire
row of data from a table or a row fetched from a cursor.
Usage: It is useful when you need to work with an entire row of data from a table
or the result set of a query.

17. What is IS NULL in PLSQL BLOCK?

ans: In PL/SQL, the IS NULL condition is used to check whether a variable, column,
or expression contains a NULL value. It is commonly used in conditional
statements to handle scenarios where data might be missing or undefined.
ex:DECLARE
 emp_salary employees.salary%TYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO emp_salary FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 100;
-- Check if the salary is NULL
IF emp_salary IS NULL THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The salary is NULL.');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The salary is: ' || TO_CHAR(emp_salary,
'FM9999990.00'));
END IF;
END;

HOMEWORK
1. Write a plsql block to fetch salary for the employee whose employee_id is
100,101,102?
>>begin
for QR in (select employee_id,salary from emp where employee_id in
(100,101,102))
loop
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SALARY OF EMPLOYEE_ID '||QR.employee_id ||' IS
'||QR.salary);
END LOOP;
END;
2. Write a plsql block to fetch first_name,last_name,job_id for the employee
whose email id is 'LDEHAAN','AHUNOLD','NGREENBE'?

3. Write a plsql block to fetch first_name,job_id,manager_id,department_id

whose first name is 'LDEHAAN','AHUNOLD','NGREENBE'?
4. Write a plsql block to update salary is 5000 for the employees mail id is
'AHUNOLD'?
>>DECLARE
v_emp_id emp.employee_id%TYPE;
BEGIN
FOR emp_rec IN (SELECT employee_id FROM emp WHERE email = 'AHUNOLD')
LOOP
UPDATE emp SET salary = 5000 WHERE employee_id =
emp_rec.employee_id;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary updated to 5000 for employee id: ' ||
emp_rec.employee_id);
END LOOP;
END;
5. Write a plsql block to update first_name is 'Jack' and last name is 'sparrow' for
the employees whose employee id 104,106.
>>DECLARE
v_emp_id emp.employee_id%TYPE;
BEGIN
FOR emp_rec IN (SELECT employee_id FROM emp WHERE employee_id IN
(104,106))
LOOP
UPDATE emp SET FIRST_NAME = 'Jack',LAST_NAME = 'sparrow' WHERE
employee_id IN emp_rec.employee_id;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('FIRST NAME AND LAST MEN UPDATED FOR
EMPLOYEE ID: ' || emp_rec.employee_id);
END LOOP;
END;
6. Write a query to fetch all records from emp table?
7. Write a plsql block to fetch employee id, salary,first_name,email column from
employee_25?
8. Write a plsql block to fetch and delete the rows whose first_name conatain
'Douglas'.
9. write a plsql block to fetch and update salary is 5000 whose email is
'DOCONNEL', employee_id is 197,198,175?

10 write q plsql block to fetch and update first_name is 'JOE' and last name is
'TURMA' whose employee_id is 198 and first_name is Jennifer?
11. Write a plsql block to delete the records for the employees whose detail
contain only email - 'KFEENEY' and employee_id - 197?
12. Write a plsql block to to fetch salary data between 10000 and 50000?

13. Write a plsql block to to fetch salary data between 10000 and 50000?--
without using between clouse.
14. Write a plsql block to fetch salary - 17000,4800,7900,2700,3100?

15. Write a plsql block to fetch

 salary - 3000,4400,650010000.78000
first_name - 'Kevin','Douglas','Hermann'
EMAIL - 'AWALSH','DGRANT'
>>select * from hr.employees
where
salary in (3000,4400,650010000.78000)
or first_name in ('Kevin','Douglas','Hermann')
or email in ('AWALSH','DGRANT');

16. Write a plsql block to fetch records from COMMISSION_PCT columns where
values having NULL.
17. Write a plsql block to fetch records from COMMISSION_PCT columns where
values having NOT NULL.