Trigonometry Formulas 21.

𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄𝟐 𝜽 − 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝟐 𝜽 = 𝟏
Definition 22. 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄𝟐 𝜽 = 𝟏 + 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝟐 𝜽
𝒐𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆 𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆
1. 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 = 23. 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝟐 𝜽 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄𝟐 𝜽 − 𝟏
𝑯𝒚𝒑𝒐𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒖𝒔𝒆 𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆

𝑨𝒅𝒋𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 2A Formula

2. cos 𝜽 =
𝑯𝒚𝒑𝒐𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒖𝒔𝒆 𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆
24. 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝟐𝐀 = 𝟐𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐀 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝐀
𝒐𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆 𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆
3. 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 = 𝟐 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝑨
𝑨𝒅𝒋𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 25. 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝟐𝐀 =
𝟏+𝒕𝒂𝒏𝟐 𝑨
𝑯𝒚𝒑𝒐𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒖𝒔𝒆 𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆
4. 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄𝜽 = 26. 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐𝑨 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝑨 − 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝑨
𝒐𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆 𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆

5. 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝜽 =
𝑯𝒚𝒑𝒐𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒖𝒔𝒆 𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 27. 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐𝑨 = 𝟏 − 𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝑨
𝑨𝒅𝒋𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆

𝑨𝒅𝒋𝒂𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆
28. 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐𝑨 = 𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝑨 − 𝟏
6. 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝜽 =
𝒐𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆 𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆 𝟏−𝒕𝒂𝒏𝟐 𝑨
29. 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝟐𝐀 =
𝟏+𝒕𝒂𝒏𝟐 𝑨
Reciprocal Formula
𝟐 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝑨
30. 𝐭𝐚𝐧𝟐𝐀 =
𝟏−𝒕𝒂𝒏𝟐 𝑨
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏−𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐𝒙
7. 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 = 10. 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄𝜽 = 31. 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝒙 =
𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄𝜽 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 𝟐

𝟏 𝟏 𝟏+𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐𝒙
8. 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 = 11. 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝜽 = 32. 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝒙 =
𝒔𝒆𝒄𝜽 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 𝟐
𝒙
𝟏 𝟏 33. 𝟏 − 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 = 𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐
𝟐
9. 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 = 12. 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝜽 =
𝒄𝒐𝒕𝜽 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 𝒙
34. 𝟏 + 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 = 𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐
𝟐
𝒙 𝒙
35. 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 = 𝟐 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒄𝒐𝒔
𝟐 𝟐
Quotient Formula
𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽
3A Formula
13. 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 = 14. 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝜽 =
𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽
36. 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝟑𝐀 = 𝟑 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐀 − 𝟒 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟑 𝑨
Identity-1
37. 𝒄𝒐𝐬𝟑𝐀 = 𝟒 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟑 𝑨 − 𝟑 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝑨
15. 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝜽 + 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝜽 = 𝟏 𝟑𝒕𝒂𝒏𝑨−𝒕𝒂𝒏𝟑 𝑨
38. 𝐭𝐚𝐧𝟑𝐀 =
𝟏−𝟑𝒕𝒂𝒏𝟐 𝑨
16. 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝜽 = 𝟏 − 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝜽
𝟑𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙−𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟑𝒙
17. 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝜽 = 𝟏 − 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝜽 39. 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟑 𝒙 =
𝟒
𝟑𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙+𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟑𝒙
Identity-2 40. 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟑 𝒙 =
𝟒
𝟐 𝟐
18. 𝒔𝒆𝒄 𝜽 − 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝜽 = 𝟏 A+B Formula
19. 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝟐 𝜽 = 𝟏 + 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝟐 𝜽 41. 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝑨 + 𝑩) = 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑨 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝑩 + 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝑨 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑩

20. 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝟐 𝜽 = 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝟐 𝜽 − 𝟏 42. 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝑨 − 𝑩) = 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑨 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝑩 − 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝑨 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑩

Identity-3 43. 𝒄𝒐𝐬(𝑨 + 𝑩) = 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝑨 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝑩 − 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑨 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑩

44. 𝒄𝒐𝐬(𝑨 − 𝑩) = 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝑨 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝑩 + 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑨 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑩 65. Domain and Range of Inverse Function
𝒕𝒂𝒏𝑨+𝒕𝒂𝒏𝑩 Function Domain Range
45. 𝐭𝐚𝐧(𝐀 + 𝐁) =
𝟏− 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝑨 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝑩
𝝅 𝝅
46. 𝐭𝐚𝐧(𝐀 − 𝐁) =
𝒕𝒂𝒏𝑨−𝒕𝒂𝒏𝑩 𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧−𝟏 𝒙 𝒙𝝐[−𝟏, 𝟏] 𝒚𝝐 [− , ]
𝟏+ 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝑨 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝑩 𝟐 𝟐
𝟐 𝟐 𝒚 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬 −𝟏 𝒙 𝒙𝝐[−𝟏, 𝟏] 𝒚𝝐[𝟎, 𝝅]
47. 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝑨 + 𝑩)𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝑨 − 𝑩) = 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝑨 − 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝑩
𝝅 𝝅
𝒚 = 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 𝒙 𝒙𝝐ℝ 𝒚𝝐 (− , )
48.𝒄𝒐𝐬(𝑨 + 𝑩)𝐜𝐨𝐬(𝑨 − 𝑩) = 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝑨 − 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝑩 𝟐 𝟐
𝟏+𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒙
49. = 𝐭𝐚𝐧(𝟒𝟓° + 𝒙)
𝟏−𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒙
Reciprocal Formula for Inverse Function
𝟏−𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒙 °
50. = 𝐭𝐚𝐧(𝟒𝟓 − 𝒙) 𝟏
𝟏+𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒙 66. 𝐬𝐢𝐧−𝟏 𝒙 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐜 −𝟏
𝒙
Multiplication Formula 𝟏
67. 𝐜𝐨𝐬 −𝟏 𝒙 = 𝐬𝐞𝐜 −𝟏 𝒙
51. 𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 𝒄𝒐𝐬𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝒙 + 𝒚) + 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝒙 − 𝒚)
𝟏
68. 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 𝒙 = 𝐜𝐨𝐭 −𝟏 𝒙
52. 𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝒙 + 𝒚) − 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝒙 − 𝒚)
𝟏
53. 𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 𝒄𝒐𝐬𝒚 = 𝒄𝒐𝐬(𝒙 + 𝒚) + 𝒄𝒐𝐬(𝒙 − 𝒚) 69. 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐜 −𝟏 𝒙 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧−𝟏 𝒙

54. 𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝒚 = 𝒄𝒐𝐬(𝒙 − 𝒚) − 𝒄𝒐𝐬(𝒙 + 𝒚) 𝟏

70. 𝐬𝐞𝐜 −𝟏 𝒙 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬 −𝟏 𝒙
Addition Formula 71. 𝐜𝐨𝐭 −𝟏 𝒙 = 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 𝒙
𝟏

𝒙+𝒚 𝒙−𝒚
55. 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝒙 + 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝒚 = 𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏 ( ) 𝒄𝒐𝐬 ( )
𝟐 𝟐 (−𝒙) Formula for Inverse Function
𝒙+𝒚 𝒙−𝒚
56. 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝒙 − 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝒚 = 𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒔 ( 𝟐
) 𝐬𝐢𝐧 ( 𝟐
) 72. 𝐬𝐢𝐧−𝟏 (−𝒙) = − 𝐬𝐢𝐧−𝟏 𝒙

57. 𝒄𝒐𝐬𝒙 + 𝒄𝒐𝐬𝒚 = 𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒔 (

𝒙+𝒚
) 𝒄𝒐𝐬 (
𝒙−𝒚
) 73. 𝐜𝐨𝐬 −𝟏 (−𝒙) = 𝝅 − 𝐜𝐨𝐬 −𝟏 𝒙
𝟐 𝟐

𝒙+𝒚 𝒙−𝒚 74. 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 (−𝒙) = − 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 𝒙

58. 𝒄𝒐𝐬𝒙 − 𝒄𝒐𝐬𝒚 = − 𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏 ( ) 𝐬𝐢𝐧 ( )
𝟐 𝟐
75. 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐜 −𝟏 (−𝒙) = − 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐜 −𝟏 𝒙
Equation Solution
76. 𝐬𝐞𝐜 −𝟏 (−𝒙) = 𝝅 − 𝐬𝐞𝐜 −𝟏 𝒙
59. 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝒙 = 𝟎 𝒙 = 𝒏𝝅
77. 𝐜𝐨𝐭 −𝟏 (−𝒙) = 𝝅 − 𝐜𝐨𝐭 −𝟏 𝒙
𝝅
60. 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝒙 = 𝟎 𝒙 = (𝟐𝒏 + 𝟏)
𝟐
78. “Value’’ based by 0
61. 𝐭𝐚𝐧𝒙 = 𝟎 𝒙 = 𝒏𝝅
𝟎 𝒙
62. 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝒙 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜶 𝒙 = 𝒏𝝅 + (−𝟏)𝒏 𝜶 1. =𝟎 2. =∞ 3. 𝒙𝟎 = 𝟏
𝒙 𝟎
63. 𝒄𝒐𝐬𝒙 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝜶 𝒙 = 𝟐𝒏𝝅 ± 𝜶 79. “Value’’ based by ∞
63. 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒙 = 𝐭𝐚𝐧𝜶 𝒙 = 𝒏𝝅 + 𝜶 ∞ 𝒙
1. =∞ 2. =𝟎 3. 𝒙∞ = ∞
𝒙 ∞

64. Domain and Range 80. “Value’’ based by 𝒆

Function Domain Range 1. 𝒆𝟎 = 𝟏 2. 𝒆∞ = ∞ 3. 𝒆−∞ = 𝟎
𝒚 = 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝒙 𝒙𝝐ℝ 𝒚𝝐[−𝟏, 𝟏]
𝒚 = 𝒄𝒐𝐬𝒙 𝒙𝝐ℝ 𝒚𝝐[−𝟏, 𝟏] 81. “Value’’ based by 𝒍𝒐𝒈
𝒚 = 𝐭𝐚𝐧𝒙 𝒙𝝐ℝ 𝒚𝝐ℝ
1. 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟏 = 𝟎 2. 𝐥𝐨𝐠 ∞ = ∞ 3. 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟎 = −∞
 GOVERNMENT MODEL SCHOOL-VILLUPURAM DISTRICT
MATHS-FORMULAE
CHAPTER NAME : Differential Calculus
NO 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 NO 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
1. 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 0 25 𝑢𝑣 𝑢𝑣 ′ + 𝑣𝑢′
2. 𝑥 1 26 𝑢 𝑣𝑢′ − 𝑢𝑣 ′
𝑣 𝑣2
3. 𝑥2 2𝑥 27 𝑢+𝑣 𝑢′ + 𝑣 ′
4. 𝑥3 3𝑥 2 28 𝑢−𝑣 𝑢′ − 𝑣 ′
5. 𝑥𝑛 𝑛𝑥 𝑛−1 29 [𝑓(𝑥)]𝑛 𝑛[𝑓(𝑥)]𝑛−1 × 𝑓 ′ (𝑥)
6. 𝑒𝑥 𝑒𝑥 30 𝑒 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑒 𝑓(𝑥) × 𝑓 ′ (𝑥)
7. 𝑎𝑥 𝑎 𝑥 log 𝑎 31 𝑎 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑎 𝑓(𝑥) log 𝑎 × 𝑓 ′ (𝑥)
8. log 𝑥 1 32 log 𝑓(𝑥) 1
𝑥
× 𝑓 ′ (𝑥)
𝑓(𝑥)
9. log 𝑎 𝑥 1 33 log 𝑎 𝑓(𝑥) 1
𝑥 log 𝑎
× 𝑓 ′ (𝑥)
𝑓(𝑥) log 𝑎
10. √𝑥 1 34 √𝑓(𝑥) 1
× 𝑓 ′ (𝑥)
2√𝑥 2√𝑓(𝑥)
11. 1 −𝑛 35 1 −𝑛
× 𝑓′ (𝑥)
𝑥𝑛 𝑥 𝑛+1 [𝑓(𝑥)]𝑛 [𝑓(𝑥)]𝑛+1

12. 1 −1 36 1 −1
𝑥 𝑥2 𝑓(𝑥)
× 𝑓 ′ (𝑥)
[𝑓(𝑥)]2
13. 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 37 𝑢+𝑐 𝑢′ + 0
14. 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 38 𝑢−𝑐 𝑢′ − 0
15. 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 39 𝑐𝑢 𝑐𝑢′
16. 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥 −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 40 𝑢 𝑢′
𝑐 𝑐
17. 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 41 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑥 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑎𝑥
18. 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥 42 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑎𝑥 −𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑥
19. sin−1 𝑥 1 43 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑥 𝑎 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑎𝑥
√1 − 𝑥 2
20. cos−1 𝑥 −1 44 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑥 −𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑎𝑥
√1 − 𝑥 2
21. tan−1 𝑥 1 45 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑥 𝑎 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑥 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑥
1 + 𝑥2
22. cot −1 𝑥 −1 46 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑥 −𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑥
1 + 𝑥2
23. sec −1 𝑥 1 47 𝑐𝑢𝑣 𝑐 ( 𝑢 𝑣 ′ + 𝑣 𝑢′ )
𝑥√𝑥 2 − 1
24. cosec −1 𝑥 −1 48 𝑐𝑢 𝑣 𝑢′ − 𝑢 𝑣 ′
𝑣 𝑐 ( )
𝑥√𝑥 2 − 1 𝑣2
 21.∫ 𝑒 𝑎𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑏𝑥𝑑𝑥
Govt.Model.School,VPM 𝑒 𝑎𝑥
STD : 11 , SUBJECT : MATHS = [𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑏𝑥 − 𝑏𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑏𝑥 ] + 𝑐
𝑎2 +𝑏2
Integration Formula
22. ∫ 𝑒 𝑎𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑏𝑥𝑑𝑥
1.∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑒 𝑎𝑥
𝑥 𝑛+1 = [𝑎𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑏𝑥 + 𝑏𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑏𝑥 ] + 𝑐
2.∫ 𝑥 𝑛 𝑑𝑥 = +𝑐 𝑎2 +𝑏2
𝑛+1
𝑥 𝑥
23.∫ 𝑒 𝑥 [𝑓(𝑥) + 𝑓 ′ (𝑥)]𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑓(𝑥) + 𝑐
3.∫ 𝑒 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 + 𝑐
24. ∫ 𝒆𝒂𝒙 [𝒂𝒇(𝒙) + 𝒇′ (𝒙)]𝒅𝒙 = 𝒆𝒂𝒙 𝒇(𝒙) + 𝒄
𝑎𝑥
4. ∫ 𝑎 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = +𝑐 𝑑𝑥 1 𝑥
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎
25.∫ = tan−1 ( ) + 𝑐
𝑥 2 +𝑎2 𝑎 𝑎
𝑑𝑥
5.∫ = 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥 + 𝑐 𝑑𝑥 1 𝑥−𝑎
𝑥 26. ∫ = log | |+𝑐
𝑥 2 −𝑎2 2𝑎 𝑥+𝑎
6.∫ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑐 𝑑𝑥 1 𝑎+𝑥
27. ∫ = log | |+𝑐
7.∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐 𝑎2 −𝑥 2 2𝑎 𝑎−𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
8.∫ 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔|𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 | + 𝑐 28.∫ = sin−1 ( ) + 𝑐
√𝑎2 −𝑥 2 𝑎

9. ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔|𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 | + 𝑐 29.∫

𝒅𝒙
= 𝐥𝐨𝐠|𝒙 + √𝒙𝟐 − 𝒂𝟐 | + 𝒄
√𝒙𝟐 −𝒂𝟐
10.∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = log|𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥| + 𝑐
𝒅𝒙
30. ∫ = 𝐥𝐨𝐠|𝒙 + √𝒙𝟐 + 𝒂𝟐 | + 𝒄
11.∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = log|𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥| + 𝑐 √𝒙𝟐 +𝒂𝟐

12.∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐 31.∫ √𝑎2 − 𝑥2 𝑑𝑥

13.∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = −𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥 + 𝑐 𝑥
= √𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 +
𝑎2 𝑥
sin−1 ( ) + 𝑐
2 2 𝑎
14.∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 + 𝑐
32.∫ √𝑥2 − 𝑎2 𝑑𝑥
15. ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥𝑑𝑥 = −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑥 𝑎2
= √𝑥 2 − 𝑎2 − log|𝑥 + √𝑥 2 − 𝑎2 | + 𝑐
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) 2 2
16.∫ 𝑑𝑥 = log|𝑓(𝑥 )| + 𝑐
𝑓(𝑥)
33.∫ √𝑥2 + 𝑎2 𝑑𝑥
𝑓 ′ (𝑥)
17. ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 2√𝑓(𝑥 ) + 𝑐 𝑥
= √𝑥 2 + 𝑎2 +
𝑎2
log|𝑥 + √𝑥 2 + 𝑎2 | + 𝑐
√𝑓(𝑥) 2 2

[𝑓(𝑥)]𝑛+1
18.∫[𝑓(𝑥 )]𝑛 𝑓 ′ (𝑥 )𝑑𝑥 = +𝑐
𝑛+1

19.∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑣 = 𝑢𝑣 − ∫ 𝑣𝑑𝑢

20. ∫ 𝒖𝒅𝒗 = 𝒖𝒗 − 𝒖′𝒗𝟏 + 𝒖′′𝒗𝟐 − 𝒖′′′𝒗𝟑 + ⋯