IMPORTANT PROGRAMS

Q 1: WAP TO FIND LARGEST ELEMENT FROM AN ARRAY

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
int main()
{
int arr[10], i, large;
printf("Enter 10 Array Elements: ");
for(i=0; i<10; i++)
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
i=0;
large = arr[i];
while(i<10)
{
if(large<arr[i])
large = arr[i];
i++;
}
printf("\nLargest Number = %d", large);
getch();
return 0;
}

Q2. Wap addition of two matrix.

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int m, n, i, j;
printf("Enter the number of rows and columns of the matrices: ");
scanf("%d%d", &m, &n);
int a[m][n], b[m][n], c[m][n];
printf("Enter the elements of matrix A: \n");
for (i = 0; i < m; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < n; j++) {
scanf("%d", &a[i][j]);
}
 }
printf("Enter the elements of matrix B: \n");
for (i = 0; i < m; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < n; j++) {
scanf("%d", &b[i][j]);
}
}
// add the matrices
for (i = 0; i < m; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < n; j++) {
c[i][j] = a[i][j] + b[i][j];
}
}
// print the result
printf("The sum of the two matrices is: \n");
for (i = 0; i < m; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < n; j++) {
printf("%d ", c[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}

NOTE: SUBTRACTION OF TWO MATRICES CHANGE THE PLUS SIGN INTO MINUS.

Q2. Wap multiplication of two matrix.

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int r1,r2,c1,c2;
printf("Enter number of rows for First Matrix:\n");
scanf("%d",&r1);
printf("Enter number of columns for First Matrix:\n");
scanf("%d",&c1);
printf("Enter number of rows for Second Matrix:\n");
scanf("%d",&r2);
printf("Enter number of columns for Second Matrix:\n");
scanf("%d",&c2);
if(c1!=r2)
{
printf("Matrices Can't be multiplied together");
}
else
{
int m1[r1][c1],m2[r2][c2];
printf("Enter first matrix elements \n");
for(int i=0;i<r1;i++)
{
for(int j=0;j<c1;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&m1[i][j]);
}
}
printf("Enter Second matrix elements\n");
for(int i=0;i<r2;i++)
{
for(int j=0;j<c2;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&m2[i][j]);
}
}
int mul[r1][c2];
for(int i=0;i<r1;i++)
{
for(int j=0;j<c2;j++)
{
mul[i][j]=0;

// Multiplying i’th row with j’th column

for(int k=0;k<c1;k++)
{
mul[i][j]= mul[i][j]+m1[i][k]*m2[k][j];
 }
}
}
printf("Multiplied matrix\n");
for(int i=0;i<r1;i++)
{
for(int j=0;j<c2;j++)
{
printf("%d\t",mul[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
}
return 0;
}

Q: WAP TO SORT AN ARRAY USING BUBBLE SORT.

#include <stdio.h>
/*
* Main Function
*/
int main()
{
int n, j, i, temp;
printf("Enter number of elements\n");
scanf("%d", &n);
int array[n];
printf("Enter %d integers\n", n);
for (i= 0; i < n; i++)
{
scanf("%d", &array[i]);
}
for (i = 0 ; i < n - 1; i++)
{
for (j = 0 ; j < n - i- 1; j++)
{
if (array[j] > array[j+1])
{
 temp = array[j];
array[j] = array[j+1];
array[j+1] =temp;
}
}
}

printf("Sorted list in ascending order:\n");

for (i = 0; i < n; i++)

printf("%d\n", array[i]);
return 0;
}

Q: WAP TO SEARCH AN ELEMENT USING BINARY SEARCH

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i, low, high, mid, n, key, array[100];
printf("Enter number of elementsn");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("Enter %d integersn", n);
for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
scanf("%d",&array[i]);
printf("Enter value to findn");
scanf("%d", &key);
low = 0;
high = n - 1;
mid = (low+high)/2;
while (low <= high) {
if(array[mid] < key)
low = mid + 1;
else if (array[mid] == key) {
printf("%d found at location %d.n", key, mid+1);
break;
}
else
high = mid - 1;
mid = (low + high)/2;
}
if(low > high)
printf("Not found! %d isn't present in the list.n", key);
return 0;
}

FUNCTIONS PROGRAM:

Q1. Write a c-program using functions to generate the Fibonacci series.

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n1=0,n2=1,n3,i,number;
printf("Enter the number of elements:");
scanf("%d",&number);
printf("\n%d %d",n1,n2);//printing 0 and 1
for(i=2;i<number;++i)//loop starts from 2 because 0 and 1 are already printe
d
{
n3=n1+n2;
printf(" %d",n3);
n1=n2;
n2=n3;
}
return 0;
}

Q2: Write a program in C to find the factorial of a given integer using

function.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
 printf("Enter a Number to Find Factorial: ");
printf("\nFactorial of a Given Number is: %d ",fact());
return 0;
}
int fact()
{
int i,fact=1,n;
scanf("%d",&n);
for(i=1; i<=n; i++)
{
fact=fact*i;
}
return fact;
}

Q3: WAP TO PRINT SUM OF INTEGERS USING RECURSIVE

FUNCTIONS.

#include <stdio.h>

int add(int n);

int main() {

int num;
printf("Enter a positive integer: ");
scanf("%d", &num);
printf("Sum = %d", add(num));
return 0;
}

int add(int n) {
if (n != 0)
return n + add(n - 1);
else
return n;
}

Q4: WAP TO SWAPPING TWO NUMBERS USING CALL BY VALUE

AND CALL BY REFERENCE.
ANS: CALL BY VALUE:
#include <stdio.h>
void swap(int , int); //prototype of the function
int main()
{
int a = 10;
int b = 20;
printf("Before swapping the values in main a = %d, b = %d\n",a,b); // prin
ting the value of a and b in main
swap(a,b);
printf("After swapping values in main a = %d, b = %d\n",a,b); // The valu
e of actual parameters do not change by changing the formal parameters in c
all by value, a = 10, b = 20
}
void swap (int a, int b)
{
int temp;
temp = a;
a=b;
b=temp;
printf("After swapping values in function a = %d, b = %d\n",a,b); // Form
al parameters, a = 20, b = 10
}

Output

Before swapping the values in main a = 10, b = 20

After swapping values in function a = 20, b = 10
After swapping values in main a = 10, b = 20

CALL BY REFERENCE
#include <stdio.h>
void swap(int *, int *); //prototype of the function
int main()
{
int a = 10;
int b = 20;
 printf("Before swapping the values in main a = %d, b = %d\n",a,b); // prin
ting the value of a and b in main
swap(&a,&b);
printf("After swapping values in main a = %d, b = %d\n",a,b); // The valu
es of actual parameters do change in call by reference, a = 10, b = 20
}
void swap (int *a, int *b)
{
int temp;
temp = *a;
*a=*b;
*b=temp;
printf("After swapping values in function a = %d, b = %d\n",*a,*b); // For
mal parameters, a = 20, b = 10
}

Output

Before swapping the values in main a = 10, b = 20

After swapping values in function a = 20, b = 10
After swapping values in main a = 20, b = 10

Q: Write a c-program using function to check whether the given number is

prime or not.
#include <stdio.h>
// function to check if the num is prime or not.
int find_Prime(int num)
{

int i, temp = 0;
for (i = 2; i <= num / 2; i++)
{
if (num % i == 0)
{
temp++;
}
}
return temp;
}
int main()

int num, temp = 0;

printf("Enter any number to Check for Prime: ");
scanf("%d", &num);
temp = find_Prime(num);
if (temp == 0 && num != 1)
{
printf("\n %d is a Prime Number", num);
}
else
{
printf("\n %d is Not a Prime Number", num);
}
return 0;

STRINGS PROGRAMS:

Q1: Develop a C program to concatenate 2 strings without using built-in

function.

#include<stdio.h>

int main()
{
char str1[25],str2[25];
int i=0,j=0;
printf("\nEnter First String:");
gets(str1);
printf("\nEnter Second String:");
gets(str2);
while(str1[i]!='\0')
i++;
while(str2[j]!='\0')
{
str1[i]=str2[j];
j++;
i++;
}
 str1[i]='\0';
printf("\nConcatenated String is %s",str1);
return 0;
}

Q2: Develop a C program to compare 2 strings without using built-in

function.

#include<stdio.h>

int main()
{
char str1[20], str2[20];
int i=0, c=0;

printf("\nEnter first string :: ");

gets(str1);
printf("\nEnter second string :: ");
gets(str2);

printf("\nStrings are :: \n\n");

puts(str1);
puts(str2);

while((str1[i]!='\0') || (str2[i]!='\0'))
{
if(str1[i]!=str2[i])
c++;
i++;
}

if(c==0)
puts("\nStrings are equal.\n");
else
puts("\nStrings are not equal.\n");

return 0;
}

Q3: Develop a C program reverse the string without using built-in function.

Refer my notes
Q4: Develop a C program copy the one string to another string without using
built-in function.
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
char s1[100], s2[100], i;
printf("Enter string s1: ");
scanf(“%s”, s1);
for (i = 0; s1[i] != '\0'; i++) {
s2[i] = s1[i];
}
s2[i] = '\0';
printf("String s2: %s", s2);
return 0;
}
Q5: Write a program in C to check whether a given string is PALINDROME
or NOT without using string handling function.

#include<stdio.h>

int main()
{
char string[40];
int length=0, flag=1,i;

printf("Enter string:\n");
gets(string);

for(i=0;string[i]!='\0';i++)
{
length++;
}

for(i=0;i< length/2;i++)
{
if( string[i] != string[length-1-i] )
{
flag=0;
break;
}
}
 if(flag==1)
{
printf("PALINDROME");
}
else
{
printf("NOT PALINDROME");
}
return 0;
}

Q: Explain the difference between gets and scanf with example.

// C program to see how scanf()

// stops reading input after whitespaces

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char str[20];
printf("enter something\n");
scanf("%s", str);
printf("you entered: %s\n", str);

return 0;
}
Here the input will be provided by the user and output will be as
follows:
Input: COMPUTER PROGRAMMING
Output: COMPUTER

// C program to show how gets()

// takes whitespace as a string.

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char str[20];
printf("enter something\n");
gets(str);
printf("you entered : %s\n", str);
return 0;
}

Here the input will be provided by the user and output will be as
follows:
Input: COMPUTER PROGRAMMING
Output: COMPUTER PROGRAMMING

POINTERS PROGRAM:

Q:Develop a program using pointer to compute the sum, mean and standard
deviation of all element stored in array of N real number
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
void main()
{
float a[10],*ptr,mean,std,sum=0,sumstd=0;
int n,i;
printf("Enter the no of elements n =");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf(" Enter the array elements\n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
scanf("%f",&a[i]);
}
ptr=a;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
sum=sum+ *ptr;
ptr++;
}
mean=sum/n;
ptr=a;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
sumstd=sumstd+ pow((*ptr-mean),2);
ptr++;
}
std=sqrt(sumstd/n);
printf("Sum=%.3f\t",sum);
printf("Mean=%.3f\t",mean);
printf("Standard Deviation=%.3f\n",std);
}

Q 2: What is a pointer? Explain how the pointer variable declared and

initialized.

REFER NOTES

Q 3 : Develop a C program to find the largest of three numbers using pointer.

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int num1, num2, num3;
int *p1, *p2, *p3;

//taking input from user

printf("Enter First Number: ");
scanf("%d",&num1);
printf("Enter Second Number: ");
scanf("%d",&num2);
printf("Enter Third Number: ");
scanf("%d",&num3);

//assigning the address of input numbers to pointers

p1 = &num1;
p2 = &num2;
p3 = &num3;
if(*p1 > *p2)
 {
if(*p1 > *p3)
{
printf("%d is the largest number", *p1);
}
else
{
printf("%d is the largest number", *p3);
}
}
else
{
if(*p2 > *p3)
{
printf("%d is the largest number", *p2);
}
else
{
printf("%d is the largest number", *p3);
}
}
return 0;
}

STRUCTURES PROGRAM:

Q: Define a structure by the name DoB consisting of three variable members

dd, mm, and yy of type integer. Develop a C program that would read values
to the individual member and display the date in mm/dd/yy form.

#include <stdio.h>
struct student{
char name[30];
int rollNo;

struct dateOfBirth{
int dd;
int mm;
int yy;
}DO O B; /*created structure variable DOB*/
};
/* Scroll down for full code
*/
int main()
{
struct student std;
printf("Enter name: ");
scanf("%c", &std.name);
printf("Enter roll number: ");
scanf("%d", &std.rollNo);
printf("Enter Date of Birth [DD MM YY] format: ");
scanf("%d %d %d",&std.DOB.dd,&std.DOB.mm,&std.DOB.yy);
printf("\nName : %s \nRollNo : %d \nDate of birth : %02d/%02d/%02d\n",
std.name, std.rollNo, std.DOB.dd, std.DOB.mm, std.DOB.yy);

return 0;
}

Q2: Implement structures to read, write, compute average- marks and the
students scoring above and below the average marks for a class of N
students.

#include<stdio.h>
struct student
{
char usn[10];
char name[10];
float m1,m2,m3;
float avg,total;
};
void main()
{
struct student s[20];
int n,i;
float tavg,sum=0.0;
printf("Enter the number of student=");
scanf("%d",&n);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("Enter the detail of %d students\n",i+1);
printf("\n Enter USN=");
scanf("%s",s[i].usn);
printf("\n Enter Name=");
scanf("%s",s[i].name);
printf("Enter the three subject score\n");
scanf("%f%f%f",&s[i].m1,&s[i].m2,&s[i].m3);
s[i].total=s[i].m1+s[i].m2+s[i].m3;
s[i].avg=s[i].total/3;
}
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
if(s[i].avg>=35)
printf("\n %s has scored above the average marks",s[i].name);
else
printf("\n %s has scored below the average marks",s[i].name);
}
}

FILES PROGRAM:

Q: WAP TO COPY THE CONTENT OF ONE FILE INTO ANOTHER

FILE.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
FILE *sourceFile;
FILE *destFile;
char sourcePath[100];
char destPath[100];

char ch;

/* Input path of files to copy */

printf("Enter source file path: ");
scanf("%s", sourcePath);
printf("Enter destination file path: ");
scanf("%s", destPath);

/*
* Open source file in 'r' and
* destination file in 'w' mode
*/
sourceFile = fopen(sourcePath, "r");
destFile = fopen(destPath, "w");
 /* fopen() return NULL if unable to open file in given mode. */
if (sourceFile == NULL || destFile == NULL)
{
/* Unable to open file hence exit */
printf("\nUnable to open file.\n");
printf("Please check if file exists and you have read/write privilege.\n");

exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}

/*
* Copy file contents character by character.
*/
ch = fgetc(sourceFile);
while (ch != EOF)
{
/* Write to destination file */
fputc(ch, destFile);

/* Read next character from source file */

ch = fgetc(sourceFile);
}

printf("\nFiles copied successfully.\n");

/* Finally close files to release resources */

fclose(sourceFile);
fclose(destFile);

return 0;
}

Q2: WAP TO OPEN A FILE AND PERFORM READ WRITE

OPERATION IN A FILE.

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
FILE *fp;
char ch;
fp = fopen("hello.txt", "w");
printf("Enter data");
while( (ch = getchar()) != EOF) {
putc(ch,fp);
}
fclose(fp);
fp = fopen("hello.txt", "r");
while( (ch = getc(fp)! = EOF)
printf("%c",ch);
fclose(fp);
return 0;
}