Aggregation in data mining

Data aggregation refers to a process of collecting information from different sources and presenting
it in a summarized format so that business analysts can perform statistical analyses of business
schemes. The collected information may be gathered from various data sources to summarize these
data sources into a draft for data analysis. This step is the major step taken by any business
organization because the accuracy of insights from data analysis majorly depends on the quality of
data they use. It is very necessary to collect quality content in huge amounts so that they can create
relevant outcomes. Data aggregation plays a vital role in finance, product, operations, and
marketing strategies in any business organization. Aggregated data is present in the data warehouse
that can enable one to solve various issues, which helps solve queries from data sets.
In this article, we will discuss the aggregation in data mining, their process, its applications, along
with examples.

How does data aggregation work?

Data aggregation is needed if a dataset has useless information that can not be used for analysis. In
data aggregation, the datasets are summarized into significant information, which helps attain
desirable outcomes and increases the user experience. Data aggregation provides accurate
measurements such as sum, average, and count. The collected, summarized data helps the business
analysts to perform the demographic study of customers and their behavior. Aggregated data help in
determining significant information about a specific group after they submit their reports. With the
help of data aggregation, we can also calculate the count of non-numeric data. Generally, data
aggregation is done for data sets, not for individual data.

Example of data aggregation

Organizations usually gather information about their online customers and website visitors. Here,
the data aggregation involves statistics on customers' demographic and behavior matrices such as
different age groups of customers and the total number of transactions. The marketing team does the
data aggregation, which helps them personalize messaging, offers, and more in the user's digital
experiences with the brand. It also helps the product management team of any organization to know
which products generate more revenue and which are not. The aggregated data is also used by the
financial and company executive, which helps them select how to allocate budget towards
marketing or product development strategies
It helps determine the average age of customers buying a specific product, which helps the business
management team find the target age group for that specific product. In data aggregation usually
prefer to calculate the average age of customers rather than individual customers.
Calculating the value of voter turnout in a country or state. It is achieved by counting the total
number of votes of a candidate in a specific region instead of counting the individual records of the
voter.

Data aggregators
Data aggregators refer to a system used in data mining to collect data from various sources, then
process the data and extract them into useful information into a draft. They play a vital role in
enhancing the customer data by acting as an agent. It also helps in the query and delivery procedure
where the customer requests data instances about a specific product. The marketing team does the
data aggregation, which helps them personalize messaging, offers, and more in the user's digital
experiences with the brand. It also helps the product management team of any organization to know
which products generate more revenue and which are not. The aggregated data is also used by the
financial and company executive, which helps them select how to allocate budget towards
marketing or product development strategies.

Working of data aggregators

The working of data aggregators can be performed in three stages
• Collection of data
• Processing of data
• Presentation of data

Collection of data
As the name suggests, the collection of data means gathering data from different sources. The data
can be extracted using the internet of things (IoT), such as
• Social media interaction
• News headlines
• Speech recognition like call centers
• Browsing personal data and history of devices
Processing of data
Once data is collected, the data aggregator determines the atomic data and aggregates it. In the data
processing technique, data aggregators use numerous algorithms form the AI or ML techniques, and
it also utilizes statical methodology to process it like the predictive analysis.

Presentation of data
In this step, the gathered information will be summarized, providing a desirable statistical output
with accurate data.
Choice of automated or manual data aggregators
Data aggregation can also be applied manually. When someone starts, any startup can choose a
manual aggregator by using excel sheets and creating charts to manage the performance, marketing
and budget.
Data aggregation is a well-established organization that uses a middleware, typically third-party
software, to implement the data automatically using various marketing tools. But in the case of huge
datasets, a data aggregator system is needed because it provides accurate outcomes

Types of Data Aggregation

Data Aggregation can be divided into two different types
1. Time Aggregation
2. Spatial aggregation

Time Aggregation
Time aggregation provides the data point for an individual resource for a defined period

Spatial aggregation
Spatial aggregation provides the data point for various groups of resources for a defined period.

Time intervals for the data aggregation process

Reporting period
Reporting period refers to the period in which the information is gathered for the presentation. It
can either be a data point aggregated process or raw data. For example, the information is gathered
and processed into a summarized format in a specified period of one day from a network device.
Therefore, the reporting period will be one day.
Polling period
The polling period refers to the frequency in which resources are sampled for data. For example, if
the group of resources can be polled every 5 minutes, it means data points for each resource will be
generated every 5 minutes. Polling and Granularity come under spatial aggregation.
Granularity
Granularity refers to a period in which information is gathered for aggregation. For example, to
calculate the sum of data points for a particular resource gathered over a period of 6 minutes.
Hence, the granularity will be 6 minutes. The value of granularity can vary form minute to month,
relying upon the reporting time, and it plays a vital role in granularity.

Application of data aggregation

These are some important applications of data aggregation
Data aggregation in the financial and investing sectors
The financial and investment sector are mostly basing their recommendations on alternative data. A
huge portion of that data comes from the news since investors must stay updated on the latest
financial and industrial trends. So, the financial institution can use data aggregation to collect
headlines and related news and use that data for predictive analytics. The market information related
to industrial and financial sectors is available on the news websites without any cost, but it is spread
across multiple websites. Gathering data from each website manually is quite difficult and may give
unreliable data sets due to missing data.
Data aggregation in the retail industry
Data aggregation plays a vital role in retail and eCommerce industries, for example, competitive
price monitoring. Competitive price monitoring is a useful tool for marketers to succeed in the
eCommerce and retail sector. Organizations need to know what they are up against. So, they are
more inclined towards gathering information about their competitor's product offerings, promotions,
and prices. The data relating to the competitor's website are pulled from the other sites their
products are listed on. The data must be aggregated from every relevant source to get the correct
information on the competitive website.
Data aggregation in the travel industry
Data aggregation has huge applications in the travel industry, including competitive price
monitoring, gaining market insights, customers behavior analysis, and capturing images and
descriptions for the services on their online traveling sites. Travel industries need to keep attention
to every changing traveling cost and property availability. They also have to pay attention to
trending destinations and target audiences with their tempting offers. The data related to the travel
industries spread across multiple places on the internet; gathering data manually is quite a tough
task. Here, the data extraction and aggregation service come in.
Working of Data aggregators:

WORKING OF DATA AGGREGATORS

The working of data aggregators takes place in three steps:
• Collection of data: Collecting data from different datasets from the enormous database. The
data can be extracted using IoT(internet of things) such as
• Communications in social media
• Speech recognition like call centers
• Headlines of a news
• Browsing history and other personal data of devices.
• Processing of data: After collecting data, the data aggregator finds the atomic data and
aggregates it. In the processing technique, aggregators use various algorithms from the field
of Artificial Intelligence or Machine learning techniques. It also incorporates statistical
methods to process it, like the predictive analysis. By this, various useful insights can be
extracted from raw data.
• Presentation of data: After the processing step, the data will be in a summarized format
which can provide a desirable statistical result with detailed and accurate data.

Choice of manual or automated data aggregators:

Data aggregation can also be done by manual method. When one starts a new company, one can opt
manual aggregator by using excel sheets and by creating charts to manage performance, budget,
marketing etc.
Data aggregation in a well-established company calls the need for middleware, a third party
software to implement the data automatically using tools of marketing

But when large datasets are encountered, a Data Aggregator system is a need to provide accurate
results.