LABSHEET 7

TITLE: Create volumes, extend and shrink the volumes in Windows Server 2012r2

AIM: To Create volumes, extend and shrink the volumes on windows server 2012.

REQUIREMENTS:

HARDWARE: 8GB RAM, 200 GB HDD, i3 PROCESSOR

SOFTWARE: VMware workstation, Windows Server 2012

New Volume:

Simple volume is part of the physical disk. It works as an independent unit. Simple volume is a dynamic
storage which functions like primary partition in the Windows NT 4.0 or its earlier versions. When there
is only one dynamic disk, you can only create simple volume.

Extend Volume:

Adding more space to existing primary partitions and logical drives by extending them into adjacent
unallocated space on the same disk. To extend a basic volume, it must be raw (not formatted with a file
system) or formatted with the NTFS file system.

Shrink Volume:

Hard drive shrinking is the practice of reducing the size of the partition to create unallocated space that
can use elsewhere. Before computer can use the space on the hard drive to store data, the drive needs
to be split up into separate areas, called partitions.

PROCEDURE:
1. Open server manager in windows server 2012.

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2. Click on Tools and select computer management.
3. Click on Computer management.

4. Click on Disk management to manage the disk.

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5. Right click on disk C and select shrink volume.

6. Enter the size of the new volume and click on shrink.

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7. New shrink volume would be available.

8. Right click on the new unallocated volume and select new simple volume.
9. Click on next to create new simple volume.

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10. Enter the capacity of the volume and click next.

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11. Assign drive letter as E and click next.

12. Select the format as NTFS and click next.

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13. Click on finish to create new simple volume.

14. Right click on E drive the newly created volume and select delete and select yes to delete the
new volume.

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15. Right click on C drive and select extend volume.

16. Click on next to extend the volume.

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.

17. Select the unallocated memory and click next.

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18. Click on finish to extend the volume.

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RESULT:

New volume, Shrink and Extend volume process was successfully performed on windows server 2012.

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 LABSHEET 8

TITLE: Configure RAID 1 (mirroring) that replicates the data in two different disks

AIM: To perform RAID 1 - disk mirroring on windows server 2012r2.

REQUIREMENTS:

HARDWARE: 8GB RAM, 200 GB HDD, i3 PROCESSOR

SOFTWARE: VMware workstation, Windows Server 2012r2

What is disk mirroring?

Disk mirroring is a technique used to protect a computer system from loss of data and other potential
losses due to disk failures. In this technique, the data is duplicated by being written to two or more
identical hard drives, all of which are connected to one disk controller card. If one hard drive fails, the
data can be retrieved from the other mirrored hard drives.

Disk mirroring is a form of disk backup in which anything that is written to a disk is simultaneously written
to a second disk. This creates fault tolerance in the critical storage systems. If a physical hardware failure
occurs in a disk system, the data is not lost, as the other hard disk contains an exact copy of that data.
Software-based mirroring requires certain mirroring applications to be installed in the system. The
software-based mirroring solution is usually less expensive and more flexible, but it results in more system
performance degradation and is more susceptible to incompatibilities like boot time problems.

A popular alternative to disk mirroring is disk striping, in which data is striped in blocks over multiple
volumes (disks). In case of a failure, the failed disk is recreated with the help of checksum or other data
present on other disks. Unlike disk mirroring, disk striping may not fully recover lost data.

PROCEDURE:

1. Select VM and click on settings to open VM settings

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2. Select hard disk and click on Add.

3. Click next to add the hard disk.

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4. Select SCSI as virtual disk type and click on next.

5. Select the disk you want to use to create and click next.

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6. Specify the disk capacity and click next.

7. Specify the disk file and click next.

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8. Follow the same steps to create another hard disk and click on ok.

9. Open server manager on windows server 2012.

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10. Click on Tools and select computer management and select disk management.

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11. Right click on newly created hard disk and select online.

12. Right click on newly created volume to and select initialize the disk.

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13. Select both Disk 1 & 2 to initialize and select MBR or GPT partition style for these disks. Click Ok.

14. Now both the disk is in Basic type with MBR partition style.

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15. Right click on disk 1 and select new mirrored volume.

16. Click next to mirror the volume.

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17. Add disk 2 to disk 1 and click next.

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18. Assign a letter(E) to the new volume and click next.

19. Select the file system as NTFS and click next.

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20. Click on finish to create new mirrored volume.

21. Both disks are formatting while creating mirrored volume.

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22. New Volume (E:) is created and another disk is hidden for mirroring process.

Add folders on disk 1 (New Volume (E:)) the same folder would be created on disk 2.

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23. Right Click on Disk 1 and select Break Mirrored Volume.

24. Click yes to break the mirror.

25. Both the disks are divided into separate volume.

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 26. The folders which are created in New Volume (E:) was reflected in New Volume (F:) after
breaked the mirror.

RESULT:

New mirrored volume was successfully created and the data also replicated in both the disks on
windows server 2012r2.

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 LABSHEET 9

TITLE: Configure RAID 5 that shows the data striping with parity

AIM: To configure RAID 5 (Striping with parity) on windows server 2012r2.

REQUIREMENTS:

HARDWARE: 8GB RAM, 200 GB HDD, i3 PROCESSOR

SOFTWARE: VMware workstation, Windows Server 2012r2

What is RAID 5?

RAID 5 is a redundant array of independent disks configuration that uses disk striping with parity. Because
data and parity are striped evenly across all of the disks, no single disk is a bottleneck. Striping also allows
users to reconstruct data in case of a disk failure.

RAID 5 evenly balances reads and writes, and is currently one of the most commonly used RAID methods.
It has more usable storage than RAID 1 and RAID 10 configurations, and provides performance equivalent
to RAID 0. RAID 5 groups have a minimum of three hard disk drives (HDDs) and no maximum. Because the
parity data is spread across all drives, RAID 5 is considered one of the most secure

RAID configurations.

The benefits of RAID 5 primarily come from its combined use of disk striping and parity. Striping is the
process of storing consecutive segments of data across different storage devices, and allows for better
throughput and performance. Disk striping alone does not make an array fault tolerant, however. Disk
striping combined with parity provides RAID 5 with redundancy and reliability.

RAID 5 used parity instead of mirroring for data redundancy. When data is written to a RAID 5 drive, the
system calculates parity and writes that parity into the drive. While mirroring maintains multiple copies
of data in each volume to use in case of failure, RAID 5 can rebuild a failed drive using the parity data,
which is not kept on a fixed single drive.

PROCEDURE:

1. Open server manager on windows server 2012.

2. Click on Tools and select computer management and select disk management.
3. Select VM and click on settings to open VM settings
4. Select hard disk and click on Add.
5. Click next to add the hard disk.
6. Select SCSI as virtual disk type and click on next.
7. Select the disk you want to use to create and click next.
8. Specify the disk capacity and click next.
9. Specify the disk file and click next.
10. Follow the same steps to create another two hard disk and click on ok.
11. Right click on newly created hard disk and select online.
12. Right click on newly created volume to and select initialize the disk.
13. Right click on disk 1 and select new RAID 5 volume.

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 14. Click next to create new RAID-5 volume.
15. Add disk 2 and disk 3 to disk 1 and click next.
16. Assign a letter(E) to the new volume and click next.
17. Select the file format as NTFS and click next.
18. Click on finish to create new RAID-5 volume.

SCREENSHOTS:

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RESULT:

New RAID -5 volume was successfully installed and configured on windows server 2012.

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 LABSHEET 10

TITLE: CONFIGURE SAN IN SERVER 2012 R2

AIM: To install and configure SAN in windows server 2012.

REQUIREMENTS:

HARDWARE: 8GB RAM, 200 GB HDD, i3 PROCESSOR

SOFTWARE: VMware workstation, Windows Server 2012

WHAT IS SAN?
Storage Area Network (SAN) – This is a high-speed network of storage devices. It also links those storage
devices with servers. Storage is segregated and assigned to a server for accessing its data. It offers block-
level storage that can be retrieved by the applications running on any network server. SANs are
particularly helpful in disaster recovery and backup settings. Within a SAN, it is possible to transfer data
from one storage device to another without interacting with a server, as shown in Figure 1.1.5. In
addition, many SANs utilize networking protocols or Fiber Channel technology that allows the networks
to access longer distances geographically. That makes it more feasible for businesses to keep their
backup data in remote locations.
Server 2012 now includes iSCSI software components. Two main components of iSCSI are, iSCSI
initiators and iSCSI target. iSCSI initiator is a client or system that will be using the storage from SAN. iSCSI
target is the SAN box or storage box or the server where iSCSI target component is installed. You can use
Server 2012 iSCSI SAN feature to configure shared storage for fail-over clustering for Hyper V and VMware
vSphere, and others. Now, let’s begin installing iSCSI in Server 2012. Here is my VMware Workstation
machine configuration.

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Now, follow these steps to install iSCSI target component in the server.
Step 1. From the Server Manager, click Manage and click Add Roles and Features.

Step 2. Click Next on Before you begin page.

Step 3. On select installation type page, select Role-based or feature-based installation and
click Next button.

Step 4. On select destination server option, choose select a server from the server pool option and
select the server. Click Next.

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Step 5. On the select server roles page, expand File and Storage Services role, and again expand File
and iSCSI Services feature, now select iSCSI Target Server feature. Then click Next.

Step 6. On features page, click Next without checking any feature.

Step 7. Review the confirmation page and click Install button.

Step 8. After the installation is complete, click Finish button.

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We have successfully installed iSCSI target service in this server. Now before creating any virtual disks or
LUNs we need to bring the disks online and create a NTFS partition on these disks. To bring the disks
online, go to Server Manager, click File and Storage services tab, select Disks tab again, here you will see
the lists of disks. Now right-click the disk and click Bring Online. Repeat this step for each disks. You will
get a little warning after you click Bring Online, read it and click Yes.

Now create volumes in these disks. From the same window, right-click the disk and click New Volume.

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New volume wizard will pop up. Click Next on before you begin page. Choose the server and disk and
click Next.

Click OK on the warning.

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Now specify the size of the volume and click Next.

Assign drive letter to the new volume and click Next.

Select file system and click Next.

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Review the confirmation page and click Create.

Repeat the same step for other disk to create another volume. To view the volumes, click volumes tab.

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Now the volumes are ready to be configured as LUNs or virtual disks. Now the last step is to create LUNs
or virtual disks. In the Server Manager, select File and Storage services tab and then click iSCSI tab.
Click Tasks and select New iSCSI Virtual Disk.

New iSCSI virtual disk wizard will open. Here, select the server and select volume and click Next.

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Type name of the virtual disk. Here, I will give LUN-1 and click Next. As you can see below its
a VHDX file, the same file format that Hyper V uses for virtual disks of Hyper V virtual machines.

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Specify the virtual disk’s size. Choose the disk type, here I have chosen Dynamically expanding so that
that the disk space won’t be over utilized. Click Next.

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In the Assign iSCSI target page, choose new iSCSI target option and click Next.

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Type the name for the new target.

In access servers tab, click Add button. Add initiator id dialog box will open. There are three ways you
can identify the initiator (device that will use this virtual disk). Here I will choose IP and type the initiator
IP of 192.168.80.80. Then click OK.

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Here you can see the lists of iSCSI initiators. To add other iSCSI initiators click Add and repeat the steps
above. Then click Next.

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In the Enable Authentication page, you have option to use CHAP or reverse CHAP for authenticating
iSCSI initiators and iSCSI target. Here, I will leave it empty and click Next.

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Now review the configuration and click Create to create a new virtual disk or LUN.

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After the installation you can view the virtual disks in iSCSI tab.

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Now you can use these virtual disk in Hyper V or vSphere for various high availability purposes.

RESULT:
SAN was successfully installed and configured in windows server 2012.

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 LABSHEET 11

TITLE: CREATE AND USE THE VIRTUAL HARD DISK in WINDOWS 7

AIM: To create and use virtual hard disk in Windows 7.

REQUIREMENTS:

HARDWARE: 8GB RAM, 200 GB HDD, i3 PROCESSOR

SOFTWARE: VMware workstation, Windows 7

What is virtual hard disk?

Virtual hard disk (VHD) is a disk image file format for storing the complete contents of a hard drive. The
disk image, sometimes called a virtual machine, replicates an existing hard drive and includes all data and
structural elements. It can be stored anywhere the physical host can access.

There are two main types of virtual hard disks: fixed-size and dynamically expanding. Both types have a
maximum size value that specifies how large the disk will appear to virtual machines. However, fixed-size
VHDs will automatically take up the specified amount of physical disk space on the host computer's file
system, whereas dynamically expanding disks will allocate space only as needed

PROCEDURE:

This process creates virtual disks in the .VHD format where the minimum size is 3MB. To begin, Right-
click on My Computer and select to Manage. Alternately you can type diskmgmt.msc into the Start
search box and enter.

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The Computer Management screen opens click on Disk Management then Action and Create VHD.

Browse to the directory you want the disk to reside, choose the size you want it to be, and select
dynamic or a fixed. If you want the disk to expand in size as you add files to it, then pick Dynamically
expanding. Check Fixed size if you want a specific size and for it to stay that way.

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In Disk Management you will see the virtual drive listed as unallocated space.

To begin using it you’ll need to Right-click and select Initialize Disk.

In the initialize disk box just keep MBR selected and hit OK.

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Create a Volume

Now it is time to create a volume by Right-clicking the unallocated space and select New Simple Volume.

The New Simple Volume Wizard starts up and it’s just a matter of completing it.

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Choose the amount of space you want to use for the volume.

Assign it a dive letter that is not currently being used.

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Format the new volume as NTFS, FAT32, or FAT. Check if you want a quick format and file compression.

The wizard is complete, click on Finish.

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If you have AutoPlay enabled it should pop up for you to open up your new virtual hard disk.

It will be listed with the other disks in Disk Management.

RESULT:

Virtual hard disk was successfully created and used on windows server 2102.

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