MARK RHOID R.

ELERIA DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN EDUCATION- APPLIED LINGUISTICS

Some of the common approaches to discourse analysis include:

 Critical discourse analysis

Critical discourse analysis (or discourse analysis) is a research method for
studying written or spoken language in relation to its social context. It aims to
understand how language is used in real life situations.

When you conduct discourse analysis, you might focus on:

The purposes and effects of different types of language

Cultural rules and conventions in communication
How values, beliefs and assumptions are communicated
How language use relates to its social, political and historical context
Discourse analysis is a common qualitative research method in many
humanities and social science disciplines, including linguistics, sociology,
anthropology, psychology and cultural studies.

SAMPLE OUTPUTS:
1. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1129700.pdf
2. https://awej.org/images/Theseanddissertation/AmalIbrahimShousha/amal
%20ibrahim%20shousha%20full%20thesis.pdf

 Rhetorical analysis

A rhetorical analysis considers all elements of the rhetorical situation--the

audience, purpose, medium, and context--within which a communication was
generated and delivered in order to make an argument about that
communication. A strong rhetorical analysis will not only describe and analyze
the text, but will also evaluate it; that evaluation represents your argument.

Description: What does this text look like? Where did you find the text? Who
sponsored it? What are the rhetorical appeals? (i.e. calm music in the
background of a commercial establishes pathos) When was it written?
Analysis: Why does the author incorporate these rhetorical appeals? (For
example, why does the author incorporate calm music? What is the point of
the pathos?) How would the reception of this text change if it were written
today, as opposed to twenty years ago? What is left out of this text and why?
Should there be more logos in the ad? Why?
Evaluation: Is the text effective? Is the text ethical? What might you change
about this text to make it more persuasive?

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

1. https://www.jmu.edu/uwc/files/link-library/annotated-rhetorical-analysis.pdf
  Interactional sociolinguistics
What is Interactional Sociolinguistics approach?
Interactional Sociolinguistics (IS) is an approach to discourse analysis that
has its origin in the search for replicable methods of qualitative analysis that
account for our ability to interpret what participants intend to convey in
everyday communicative practice.

Why is Interactional Sociolinguistics important?

With its analytical and methodological resources, Interactional Sociolinguistics
can account for (un)successful intercultural communication and how
interactants can understand others and make themselves understood
(Holmes, 2013), as well as how they handle specific linguistic forms and
interactional strategies

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

1. file:///C:/Users/Deped%20Tagum%20City/Downloads/
AnAnalysisofaDiscourseUsingInteractionalSociolinguisticsApproach.pdf

 Ethnography of communication
The ethnography of communication (EOC), originally called the ethnography
of speaking, is the analysis of communication within the wider context of the social
and cultural practices and beliefs of the members of a particular culture or speech
community.

A primary aim of the ethnographic approach to the study of communicative

activity is to provide a framework for the collection and analysis of descriptive
data about the ways in which social meaning is conveyed, constructed, and
negotiated.

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

1. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1127630.pdf

 Speech act theory

Theory of meaning that holds that the meaning of linguistic expressions can
be explained in terms of the rules governing their use in performing various
speech acts (e.g., admonishing, asserting, commanding, exclaiming,
promising, questioning, requesting, warning).

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

1. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1280716.pdf
2. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/33526232.pdf
  Variation analysis
The study of discourse variation is the attempt to find patterns of language
use that characterize the spoken language of a definable group in a specific
setting. Unlike the study of phonetic or morphological variation, which can be
carried out on small samples of speech, the investigation of discourse
variation requires samples of talk in action with speakers interacting with each
other. The aim of this work is to explore the extent to which variation in the
use of certain linguistic features correlates with extralinguistic categories, in
this case, age, gender, and social class, and to determine whether there are
differences in discourse style. Unlike many studies of discourse markers or
pragmatic particles, the aim is not to attempt an explanation of the meaning of
such features in a particular context but rather to examine how the frequency
of use of such features affects the discourse as a whole.
SAMPLE OUTPUT:

1. file:///C:/Users/Deped%20Tagum%20City/Downloads/10.1515_ling-2018-
0036.pdf
2. https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/ling-2018-0036/html

 Conversation analysis
Conversation Analysis (CA) is an approach to the study of social interaction
and language. Despite its name, the scope of CA is not limited to
conversation as a genre of discourse (small talk, gossip) but encompasses
any human activity that involves an exchange of turns at talk and other
meaningful conduct.

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

1. https://asian-efl-journal.com/wp-content/uploads/mgm/downloads/
55223900.pdf
2. https://core.ac.uk/download/35372167.pdf

 Cognitive psychology
Cognitive discourse analysis (CODA) is a research method which examines
natural language data in order to gain insights into patterns in (verbalisable)
thought. The term was coined by Thora Tenbrink to describe a kind of
discourse analysis that had been carried out by researchers in linguistics and
other fields.

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

1. file:///C:/Users/Deped%20Tagum%20City/Downloads/
CODA_LCO_acceptedPOSTPRINT.pdf
2. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?
article=3438&context=gradschool_dissertations