Copyright 2006-2011 Taina Maria Miller.

EDITION 1.5

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without
permission in writing from the author.

Copying permission: Permission IS granted for the teacher to reproduce this material to be used with
students, not commercial resale, by virtue of the purchase of this book. In other words, the teacher
MAY make copies of the pages to be used with students.

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 Math Mammoth Place Value 3

Contents

Introduction ........................................................................... 4

Thousand and Beyond .......................................................... 5

More Practice with Place Value .......................................... 9
Which Number is Greater? ................................................. 14

Adding and Subtracting Whole hundreds ......................... 17

Counting Practice ................................................................ 20
Adding and Subtracting Whole tens .................................. 22
Adding and Subtracting in Columns ................................. 24
Order of Operations - Add / Subtract ............................... 28

Rounding to the Nearest Hundred ..................................... 31

Rounding to the Nearest Thousand ................................... 33
Estimating Sums and Differences ...................................... 35

Review .................................................................................. 39

Answers ................................................................................ 42

More from Math Mammoth ............................................ 50

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 Introduction
In Math Mammoth Place Value 3, we focus on 4-digit numbers (thousands) in various ways.

First, we study place value. The emphasis is on getting familiar with numbers that have thousands and
visualize them on a number line. Then we study addition and subtraction using these numbers.

The book contains a lot of mental math problems with 4-digit numbers. In studying mental addition and
subtraction, we stress the similarities to adding smaller numbers, which helps the students to understand
how to add or subtract these bigger numbers. Mental math also helps to build number sense.

Adding and subtracting in columns is its own lesson. The processes of regrouping in addition and
subtraction should be relatively easy, assuming the student has grasped them well earlier, when studying
2-and 3-digit numbers.

We study order of operations for addition and subtraction only. There are several interesting connections
with algebraic thinking in this lesson.

Lastly, we study rounding and estimating, which are very important skills needed in everyday life.

I wish you success with math teaching!

Maria Miller, the author

Helpful Resources on the Internet

Use these free online resources to supplement the “bookwork” as you see fit.
You can access an up-to-date online version of this list at
www.mathmammoth.com/weblinks/place_value_3.htm

Base 10 Blocks from National Library of Virtual Manipulatives

Place enough thousand cubes, hundred-flats, ten-sticks, and one-blocks to the work area to show given
numbers. Choose “Columns = 4” to restrict the program to four-digit numbers.
http://nlvm.usu.edu/en/nav/frames_asid_152_g_1_t_1.html?from=category_g_1_t_1.html

Cookie Dough
Practice naming big numbers.
http://www.funbrain.com/numwords/index.html

Arithmetic Workshop Place Values Tool

Drag models of ones, tens, hundreds, or thousands to the workarea, group them, break them up, or
practice any of the four operations using the same visual models.
http://www.iknowthat.com/com/L3?Area=EarlyMathWorkbench

Can you say really big numbers?

Enter a really big number, try say it out loud, and see it written.
http://www.mathcats.com/explore/reallybignumbers.html

4
 Thousand and Beyond
A thousand little cubes form this big cube.
Can you see that it is TEN hundred-flats stacked end to end?
Or, ten hundred-flats stacked on top of each other.
Thousand = ten hundreds
We write thousand as 1000 or 1,000. The comma , is used to
separate the “1” of the thousand from the three other digits. It just
makes it easier to read.

On this number line you see only whole hundreds marked. In between each two marks are 99
numbers. Imagine those 99 little lines between 300 and 400!

After nine hundred, the next whole hundred is “ten hundreds” or A THOUSAND, 1000.
Remember: Ten hundreds make a thousand.

Numbers with four digits are very easy to read. The first of the four digits is in the thousands
place. Just read it as “one thousand”, “two thousand”, “five thousand”, and so on.
The rest of the three digits you can read just like you are used to reading three-digit numbers.

One thousand Two thousand Four thousand

four hundred fifty-nine eighteen seven hundred six

thou- hund- thou- hund- thou- hund-

tens ones tens ones tens ones
sands reds sands reds sands reds

1 4 5 9 2 0 1 8 4 7 0 6

The whole hundreds after one thousand continue as: a thousand, thousand one
hundred, thousand two hundred, etc. Many times people also read these numbers this way:
thousand, eleven hundred, twelve hundred, thirteen hundred, etc.

5 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

1. Fill in the table.

a. One thousand one b. One thousand five c. One thousand ten

thou- hund- thou- hund- thou- hund-

tens ones tens ones tens ones
sands reds sands reds sands reds

1 0 0 1

d. One thousand twelve e. One thousand twenty-six f. One thousand thirty-two

thou- hund- thou- hund- thou- hund-

tens ones tens ones tens ones
sands reds sands reds sands reds

g. One thousand h. One thousand i. One thousand

one hundred three one hundred fifteen three hundred three

thou- hund- thou- hund- thou- hund-

tens ones tens ones tens ones
sands reds sands reds sands reds

j. One thousand k. One thousand l. One thousand

five hundred seven hundred forty-five nine hundred fifty

thou- hund- thou- hund- thou- hund-

tens ones tens ones tens ones
sands reds sands reds sands reds

1 5 0 0

2. Fill in the numbers for these number lines.

_______|_______|_______|_______|_______|_______|_______|_______|_______|_______|____
1456 1457

6 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

 Here the numbers 2467, 1090, and 5602 are written as a sum of their different place values.
It is like writing each part of the number out in full: the thousands, the hundreds, the tens, and
the ones. Notice the zeros! When there are no hundreds, or tens, or ones, we write a zero.

thou- hund- thou- hund- thou- hund-

tens ones tens ones tens ones
sands reds sands reds sands reds

2 4 6 7 1 0 9 0 5 6 0 2

2000 + 400 + 60 + 7 1000 + 0 + 90 + 0 5000 + 600 + 0 + 2

3. Fill in the blanks, and write the numbers as a sum of the different place values.

a. 1,034 = ____ thousand ____ hundreds b. 1,670 = ____ thousand ____ hundreds
____ tens ____ ones ____ tens ____ ones

= 1000 + 0 + 30 + 4 = 1000 + ________ + _______ + ____

c. 1,508 = ____ thousand ____ hundreds d. 1,389 = ____ thousand ____ hundreds
____ tens ____ ones ____ tens ____ ones

= 1000 + ________ + _______ + ____ = 1000 + ________ + _______ + ____

e. 1,007 = ____ thousand ____ hundreds f. 1,423 = ____ thousand ____ hundreds
____ tens ____ ones ____ tens ____ ones

= 1000 + ________ + _______ + ____ = 1000 + ________ + _______ + ____

g. 1,006 = ____ thousand ____ hundreds h. 1,027 = ____ thousand ____ hundreds
____ tens ____ ones ____ tens ____ ones

= 1000 + ________ + _______ + ____ = 1000 + ________ + _______ + ____

i. 1,989 = ____ thousand ____ hundreds j. 1,742 = ____ thousand ____ hundreds
____ tens ____ ones ____ tens ____ ones

= 1000 + ________ + _______ + ____ = 1000 + ________ + _______ + ____

7 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

4. What are these broken down numbers?

a. b.
1000 + 300 + 40 + 3 = 1,343 1000 + 400 + 0 + 3 = ____________

1000 + 0 + 60 + 5 = ____________ 1000 + 0 + 0 + 9 = ____________

1000 + 0 + 80 + 0 = ____________ 1000 + 80 + 1 = ____________

c. d.
1000 + 90 + 7 = ____________ 1000 + 700 + 7 = ____________

1000 + 6 = ____________ 1000 + 30 = ____________

1000 + 90 + 400 = ____________ 1000 + 4 + 60 = ____________

e. f.
90 + 200 + 1000 = ____________ 1000 + 50 + 3 + 500 = ____________

4 + 1000 + 30 = ____________ 9 + 10 + 1000 + 100 = ____________

500 + 5 + 1000 = ____________ 1000 + 600 + 70 + 3 = ____________

5. Fill in the number chart and count by whole tens.

1000 1010

1100

8 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

 More Practice with Place Value
On this number line you see marks at every thousand. After 9,000 (nine thousand) the next
thousand is 10,000 (ten thousand). A little comma is separating the thousands digit from the other
three digits. That makes it easier to read.

1. Fill in the table.

a. Two thousand b. Two thousand c. Two thousand

one twenty-five one hundred thirty-two

thou- hund- thou- hund- thou- hund-

tens ones tens ones tens ones
sands reds sands reds sands reds

2 0 0 1

d. Three thousand e. Five thousand f. Five thousand

four hundred five nine hundred fifteen eight hundred

T H T O T H T O T H T O

3 4 0 5

g. five thousand h. Six thousand i. Six thousand three

nine hundred ninety sixteen hundred three

T H T O T H T O T H T O

j. Eight thousand k. Nine thousand l. Ten thousand

seven hundred two hundred forty-five ten
thou- T H T O
T H T O T H T O sands

1 0 0 0 0

9 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

2. Fill in the blanks,, and write the numbers as a sum of the different place values.

a. 9,074 = ____ thousand ____ hundreds b. 5,570 = ____ thousand ____ hundreds
____ tens ____ ones ____ tens ____ ones

= 9000 + 0 + 70 + 4 = 5000 + ________ + ______ + ____

c. 3,707 = ____ thousand ____ hundreds d. 2,099 = ____ thousand ____ hundreds
____ tens ____ ones ____ tens ____ ones

= _________ + ________ + ______ + ____ = _________ + ________ + ______ + ____

e. 8,009 = ____ thousand ____ hundreds f. 5,623 = ____ thousand ____ hundreds
____ tens ____ ones ____ tens ____ ones

= _________ + ________ + ______ + ____ = _________ + ________ + ______ + ____

g. 2,090 = ____ thousand ____ hundreds h. 9,060 = ____ thousand ____ hundreds
____ tens ____ ones ____ tens ____ ones

= _________ + ________ + ______ + ____ = _________ + ________ + ______ + ____

i. 1,009 = ____ thousand ____ hundreds j. 6,706 = ____ thousand ____ hundreds
____ tens ____ ones ____ tens ____ ones

= _________ + ________ + ______ + ____ = _________ + ________ + ______ + ____

3. Write the numbers in normal form.

a. 4000 + 500 + 90 + 3 = ____________ b. 2000 + 90 = ____________

c. 3000 + 200 = ____________ d. 8000 + 5 = ____________

e. 1000 + 80 + 7 = ____________ f. 5000 + 600 + 9 = ____________

g. 6 hundred 4 thousand = ____________ h. 8 tens 4 thousand = ____________

i. 3 ones 7 thousand 2 hundred j. 4 hundred 5 ones 1 thousand

= ____________ = ____________

10 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

4. Write using normal numbers. Be careful! You need zeros a lot.

a. b.

9000 + 90 + 800 = ____________ 1000 + 90 + 900 + 3 = ____________

6000 + 7 = ____________ 7000 + 80 + 9 = ____________

6 + 7000 = ____________ 7000 + 800 + 9 = ____________

c. d.

5000 + 40 + 4 + 500 = ____________ 4 + 9000 + 70 = ____________

3000 + 50 + 900 + 5 = ____________ 600 + 3000 + 5 = ____________

2000 + 30 + 6 = ____________ 10 + 200 + 3000 = ____________

e. f.

5000 + 80 = ____________ 400 + 9000 + 7 = ____________

500 + 8000 = ____________ 40 + 6000 + 500 = ____________

4000 + 900 + 7 = ____________ 80 + 500 + 8000 + 6 = ____________

g. 2 thousand 7 ones 4 tens h. 2 tens 6 hundred 4 thousand

i. 7 thousand 8 hundred 8 ones j. 5 thousand 6 tens

k. 3 thousand 4 ones l. 5 hundred 9 thousand

11 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

5. Write the numbers immediately after and before the given number.

a. _________, 6,049, _________ b. _________, 2,324, _________

c. _________, 1,800, _________ d. _________, 8,809, _________

e. _________, 7,385, _________ f. _________, 9,244, _________

g. _________, 2,778, _________ h. _________, 6,060, _________

i. _________, 7,040, _________ j. _________, 2,300, _________

k. _________, 7,000, _________ l. _________, 3,600, _________

m. _________, 3,150, _________ n. _________, 5,519, _________

6. Here is a number line from 2,390 till 2,500 where tick-marks are at every 10.

Mark these numbers on the number line (approximately):

2415 2398 2441 2476 2483 2499.

7. Draw a number line from 7,650 to 7,800 with tick marks at every 10.

Mark these numbers on the number line (approximately):

7659, 7672, 7745, 7758, 7777, 7796

12 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

8. Connect each number inside the puzzle to its whole thousands, hundreds, tens, and ones that
it contains. For example, 6,593 is connected to 6,000 and to 500 (for starters).
Add the unused numbers from the border to form the missing number inside.

9. Solve the puzzle. Think of breaking the numbers into their thousands, hundreds, tens, and ones.

+ + + = 5206

+ + + +

+ + + = 3078

+ + + +

+ + + = 1925

+ + + +

+ + + = 432

= = = =
5022 3235 1408 976

13 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

 Which Number is Greater?

Which is more, 8,011 or 7,987? Place those numbers (approximately) on the number line.

Which is more, 2,395 or 2,402? Place those numbers (approximately) on the number line.

Compare first how many THOUSANDS the numbers have.

Then if they have the same amount of thousands, compare the ___________________.
Then if they also have the same amount of hundreds, compare the ________________.
And if everything else is the same, then compare the ONES.

1. Circle the greatest number.

a. b. c. d.
7,500 5,400 2,400 3,500
6,500 5,200 4,400 3,200
8,500 5,700 8,400 3,300

e. f. g. h.
8,320 2,770 3,805 5,743
8,360 2,750 3,811 5,734
8,370 2,760 3,809 5,721

i. j. k. l.
2,399 4,500 9,056 6,309
4,989 6,101 9,834 9,603
7,011 3,099 9,275 3,609

m. n. o. p.
5,078 2,367 2,760 7,205
5,098 2,401 2,759 7,189
5,100 2,387 2,761 7,304

14 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

2. Write < or > between the numbers.

a. b. c. d.

1,050 < 5,095 220 1,020 1,307 1,032 4,012 4,284

2,400 2,750 8,060 6,999 4,906 6,029 5,008 5,040

6,005 4,500 1,007 1,705 5,766 8,565 1,890 1,897

5,771 1,737 4,605 4,409 5,077 5,570 1,053 1,015

3. One of the three numbers fits on the empty line so that the < symbols (comparisons) are true.
Which? Circle the number.

a. b. c.

6,550 7,601 7,550 2,435 2,338 2,350 7,099 7,110 7,080

7,500 < _______ < 7,600 2,335 < _______ < 2,345 7,089 < _______ < 7,100

d. e. f.

1,232 1,212 1,223 8,752 8,502 7,802 4,216 4,111 4,096

1,203 < _______ < 1,222 8,459 < _______ < 8,510 4,097 < _______ < 4,200

g. h. i.

1,809 1,908 1,890 3,489 3,589 3,458 5,637 5,673 5,607

1,806 < _______ < 1,812 3,469 < _______ < 3,579 5,609 < _______ < 5,650

j. k. l.

6,142 6,121 6,211 6,996 9,966 9,696 4,001 4,010 4,011

6,114 < _______ < 6,140 9,595 < _______ < 9,700 4,001 < _______ < 4,011

15 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

4. Compare. Write < , > , or = in the box.

a. 700 + 50 700 + 30 + 4 b. 500 + 6000 6000 + 500

c. 20 + 3000 300 + 2000 d. 900 + 8 9000 + 8

e. 4000 + 80 80 + 4 + 800 f. 30 + 6000 + 3 300 + 60 + 3000

g. 800 + 4000 5000 + 400 + 80 h. 3000 + 60 + 5 365

i. 400 + 20 + 8000 4 + 8000 + 200 j. 400 + 9000 + 8 80 + 900 + 8

k. 800 + 7000 + 2 700 + 80 + 7000

l. 1 + 500 + 3000 50 + 3000 + 900 + 9

m. 200 + 6000 + 40 + 7 600 + 7000 + 2

n. 500 + 3000 + 80 + 6 6 + 80 + 500 + 3000

5. Write the numbers in order from smallest to greatest. The number line can help.

3601 3899 3040 4330 4340 4203 4003

_________ < _________ < _________ < _________ < _________ < _________ < _________

6. Write these numbers in order from smallest to greatest.

2513 5096 5606 5060 2466 2506 2516

_________ < _________ < _________ < _________ < _________ < _________ < _________

16 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

 Adding and Subtracting Whole Hundreds
1. Can you count by hundreds? You can do this orally.

5000, 5100, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____

2800, 2900, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____

2. Based on the counting you made, add:

a. b. c.
5000 + 200 = __________ 5200 + 200 = __________ 5400 + 500 = __________

5100 + 200 = __________ 5500 + 200 = __________ 5600 + 300 = __________

5400 + 100 = __________ 5300 + 300 = __________ 5700 + 200 = __________

d. e. f.
3000 + 200 = __________ 2800 + 100 = __________ 3300 + 300 = __________

2800 + 200 = __________ 3100 + 200 = __________ 3400 + 400 = __________

2800 + 400 = __________ 3100 + 400 = __________ 3500 + 200 = __________

NOTE: I can compare the problem 2700 + 200 to the problem 27 + 2.

The first problem just has the '00' because of the hundreds.

g. h. i.
6100 + 200 = __________ 2500 + 500 = __________ 9200 + 400 = __________

7700 + 200 = __________ 7900 + 500 = __________ 4700 + 300 = __________

5600 + 700 = __________ 4500 + 300 = __________ 8800 + 500 = __________

j. k. l.
6800 + 400 = __________ 5600 – 200 = __________ 9800 – 700 = __________

3800 + 800 = __________ 4500 – 300 = __________ 4400 – 300 = __________

2200 + 900 = __________ 6700 – 100 = __________ 1300 – 300 = __________

17 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

3. Continue the patterns.

a. b.
3,600 + 200 = _________ 8,000 – 300 = _________

3,700 + 200 = _________ 8,000 – 400 = _________

3,800 + 200 = _________ 8,000 – 500 = _________

_________ + _______ = _________ _________ – ________ = _________

_________ + _______ = _________ _________ – ________ = _________

_________ + _______ = _________ _________ – ________ = _________

_________ + _______ = _________ _________ – ________ = _________

_________ + _______ = _________ _________ – ________ = _________

_________ + _______ = _________ _________ – ________ = _________

4. Notice the patterns and continue them.

a. b.
8,500 – 300 = _________ 5,000 – 500 = _________

8,500 – 400 = _________ 5,000 – 600 = _________

8,500 – 500 = _________ 5,000 – 700 = _________

_________ – ________ = _________ _________ – ________ = _________

_________ – ________ = _________ _________ – ________ = _________

_________ – ________ = _________ _________ – ________ = _________

_________ – ________ = _________ _________ – ________ = _________

_________ – ________ = _________ _________ – ________ = _________

_________ – ________ = _________ _________ – ________ = _________

18 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

5. Try these next!

a. b. c.
7,700 + 500 = _________ 7,900 + 800 = _________ 8,000 – 700 = _________

7,700 + 600 = _________ 8,500 + 600 = _________ 9,000 – 600 = _________

8,000 – 200 = _________ 8,500 + 700 = _________ 8,400 – 800 = _________

d. e. f.
7,800 + 400 = _________ 9,100 – 300 = _________ 9,300 – 500 = _________

8,000 – 300 = _________ 9,100 – 900 = _________ 8,800 + 800 = _________

8,400 – 500 = _________ 9,000 – 800 = _________ 7,600 – 600 = _________

6. What is missing from the whole thousands?

a. b. c.
500 + _______ = 1,000 700 + ________ = 1,000 200 + ________ = 1,000

4,500 + _______ = 5,000 7,800 + ________ = 8,000 1,200 + ________ = 2,000

9,300 + _______ = 10,000 5,400 + ________ = 6,000 4,900 + ________ = 5,000

7. Complete the next whole thousand.

a. b. c.

600 + ______ = ________ 9300 + ______ = ________ 200 + ______ = ________

2500 + ______ = ________ 2600 + ______ = ________ 9200 + ______ = ________

d. e. f.

8200 + ______ = ________ 5000 + ______ = ________ 3000 + ______ = ________

7300 + ______ = ________ 7100 + ______ = ________ 5900 + ______ = ________

19 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

 Counting Practice
How much is 916 + 100?
Think of it this way, adding in parts: 900 + 16 + 100.
900 and 100 make a thousand, and then 16 is “left over”. Total 1,016.
You can also think of it this way:
The nine hundred changes to 10 hundred: 916 → 1016

How much is 5934 + 100?

Think of it this way, and add in parts: 5900 + 34 + 100.
5,900 and 100 make six thousand, and then 34 is “left over”. Total 6,034.
You can also think of it this way:
The fifty-nine hundred changes to 60 hundred: 5934 → 6034

How much is 5992 + 10?

Think of it this way, and add in parts: 5990 + 2 + 10.
5,990 and 10 makes six thousand, and then 2 is “left over”. Total 6,002.

1. Complete the next whole thousand.

a. b. c.

5400 + ________ = 6000 3980 + ________ = 4000 7920 + ________ = 8000

d. e. f.

2910 + ________ = 3000 1982 + ________ = 2000 9934 + ________ = 10000

2. Count by hundreds - up and down.

a. 800, 900, _________, _________, _________, _________, _________, _________

b. 880, 980, _________, _________, _________, _________, _________, _________

c. 925, 1025, _________, _________, _________, _________, _________, _________

d. 1977, 1877, _________, _________, _________, _________, _________, ________

20 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

3. Count by hundreds.

a. 8000, 8100, __________, __________, __________, __________, __________,

b. 3500, 3600, __________, __________, __________, __________, __________

c. __________, __________, __________, 2900, 2800, __________, __________

d. __________, __________, 6054, __________, __________, __________, 6454

e. __________, 4718, __________, __________, __________, __________, 5218

f. __________, __________, 7809, 7709, __________, __________, __________

4. Fill the table, adding 10, 100, or 1000.

n 1,056 2,508 3,492 4,009 5,903 6,980 8,299

n + 10

n + 100

n + 1000

5. Count by tens:

a. 8000, 8010, 8020, __________, __________, __________, __________, __________

b. 7550, 7560, __________, __________, __________, __________, __________

c. __________, __________, __________, 1840, 1830, __________, __________

d. __________, __________, __________, __________, __________, 5660, 5650

e. 3001, 3011, __________, __________, __________, __________, __________

f. 5533, 5543, __________, __________, __________, __________, __________

g. __________, __________, __________, 8879, 8869, __________, __________

h. __________, __________, __________, __________, __________, 4785, 4775

21 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

 Adding and Subtracting Whole Tens
1. Count by tens.

a. 4000, 4010, 4020, _________, _________, _________, _________, _________

b. 6800, 6810, _________, _________, _________, _________, _________, ________

c. _________, _________, _________, _________, 1740, 1750, _________, _________

d. _________, _________, _________, _________, 3370, 3380, _________, _________

2. Add and subtract whole tens and compare the problems.

a. 100 + 20 = _________ b. 220 + 40 = _________ c. 140 – 90 = _________

5100 + 20 = _________ 4220 + 40 = _________ 4140 – 90 = _________

d. 150 + 50 = _________ e. 270 + 30 = _________ f. 230 – 30 = _________

5150 + 50 = _________ 5270 + 30 = _________ 4230 – 30 = _________

3. Add and subtract. Below, you can write a matching problem without the thousands, to
help you.

a. b. c.

4980 + 20 = _________ 7210 + 90 = _________ 7760 – 30 = _________

9 8 0 + 2 0 = ________

d. e. f.

2730 + 30 = _________ 1910 + 90 = _________ 2800 – 40 = _________

g. h. i.

9540 – 20 = _________ 5760 – 50 = _________ 5700 – 50 = _________

22 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

4. What is missing from the next whole hundred? Below, write a similar problem without
the thousands. See the example.

a. b. c.

4550 + _______ = 4600 3280 + ______ = 3300 1220 + ______ = 1300

550 + _______ = 600 280 + ______ = _______ _____ + _____ = ________

d. e. f.

9670 + ______ = 9700 6530 + ______ = ________ 8080 + ______ = ________

______ + ______ = 700 _____ + ______ = ________ _____ + _____ = ________

5. Fill in.

+ 20 + 100 + 300 + 40 + 60 + 600

6880 ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ 8000

What numbers can go into the puzzle?

4550 – + = 4560

– + –

+ + = 50

+ – +

+ + = 100

= = =
4580 30 60

23 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

 Adding and Subtracting in Columns
Add thousands in their own column. Regrouping (carrying) is done the same way as before.
You might have to regroup three times: in the tens, in the hundreds, and in the thousands.

1 1 1
5 8 7 9 3 3 7 1 4 7 6 8
+ 2 5 4 4 + 3 9 9 8 + 2 6 5 5
8 4 2 3

Here we regroup Finish these examples yourself

three times. and ask your teacher to check.

1. Add. It helps to add those numbers first which form a ten (if any)!

a. 5091 b. 2393 c. 5802 d. 6881

+ 510 + 4716 + 1870 + 911

e. 6098 f. 2255 g. 362 h. 4330

1034 345 2389 1555
+ 254 + 2170 + 4067 + 3077

i. 456 j. 1659 k. 373 l. 987

7328 199 288 689
1134 267 5217 999
+ 554 + 6037 + 3399 + 3321

2. Now write the numbers yourself; be careful to

line up the ones, tens, hundreds, and thousands.
a. 34 + 9,382 + 391 + 77 + 3,409

b. 450 + 349 + 3,822 + 39 + 8

24 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

 Subtract in Columns: 5,139 – 2,244

We can't subtract 4 tens out of Now we can't subtract 2 hundreds out

Check
3 tens, so we need to regroup of 0 hundreds, so we need to regroup
by adding.
one hundred as 10 tens. 1 thousand as 10 hundreds. Complete.
10
0 13 0 13 4 0 13
5 1 3 9 513 9 513 9 51 3 9
– 2 2 4 4 –224 4 –224 4 –22 4 4 + 2 2 4 4
5 5 9 5 9 5

3. Subtract. Check by adding.

a. 5091 b. 2913 c. 8402

– 510 – 1716 – 1378

d. 6881 e. 6546 f. 9080

– 911 – 3490 – 5025

g. 4509 h. 6209 i. 7182

– 1116 – 2065 – 5365

j. 4037 k. 1173 l. 7154

– 1916 – 928 – 3947

4. Solve.
a. 4,908 – 203 – 1,420 b. 3,924 + 291 + 2,932 – 2,910

25 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

 Regrouping with zeros: 9004 – 3655

You can't subtract There are no tens nor Then regroup Lastly regroup 1 ten Lastly, check the
5 ones out of 4, hundreds, so regroup 1 hundred as as 10 ones. There result by adding.
so you need to 1 thousand as 10 tens. already are 4 ones, so
regroup. 10 hundreds. you get 14. Subtract.
9
8 10 10 9 9
8 10 8 10 10 14
9 0 0 4 90 04 90 0 4 90 0 4
– 3 6 5 5 –36 55 –36 5 5 –36 5 5 + 3 6 5 5

5. Subtract. Check by adding.

a. 4002 b. 6120 c. 4303

– 2216 – 3844 – 4008

d. 7011 e. 5013 f. 9001

– 912 – 2490 – 4075

g. 3300 h. 8005 i. 5006

– 1401 – 1779 – 1762

j. 9000 k. 4100 l. 6000

– 3095 – 2678 – 2111

6. Solve using a notebook.

a. 9,000 – 3,450 + 593 b. 4,903 + 291 – 2,309 + 3,829

26 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

7. The distance between Rivertown and Middletown is 1,100 kilometers, between Middletown
and Hightown it is 1,950 kilometers, and between Hightown and Rivertown it is
1,250 kilometers.

a. Sketch a map of the situation.

b. If you go for a round trip, what is

the total distance you travel?

c. How many kilometers more is

a round trip from Hightown to Middletown
and back than from Middletown
to Rivertown and back?

What numbers are missing?

3 5 2 9 6 9 8 8
+ 1 9 + 3 6 + 0 0 + 2 7

9 0 8 1 5 4 1 7 9 7 7 4 4 9 0 0

3 5 8 9 6 9 0 3
– 1 9 – 3 6 – 2 2 – 2 8

1 6 6 4 4 7 1 8 2 7 8 4 4 1 3 6

27 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

 Order of Operations - Add/Subtract
When you both add and subtract,
Add and subtract from left to right.
the order of doing them is easy:

BUT if there are parentheses ( ), solve 1. Solve what is within ( ).

what is inside them first. So actually
the order of operations is: 2. Add and subtract from left to right.

1. Solve mentally.

a. 2,000 – (500 + 100) = ________ b. 7,000 – (3,200 – 200) = ________

c. 5,000 + (1,000 – 900 + 100) = ________ d. 740 – (550 – 200 + 50) = ________

e. (900 – 200) – (300 + 200) = ________

f. 1,000 + (5,000 – 500) + (4,000 – 500) = ________

2. Solve.

a. 6,000 – (545 + 45 + 721) b. 7,000 – (5,344 – 2,985) – 1,000

c. 5,201 – (367 + 308) – (291 + 493)

28 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

 If you are only adding numbers—and not subtracting anything—then the
parenthesis do not change the end result. It is just adding and adding, and it
won't matter in which order you add. Sometimes, try to add in a different order!

3. Add mentally. Think in what order you add the numbers!

a. b.

3,000 + 100 + 200 + 50 = _________ 700 + 50 + 25 + 50 + 25 = _________

c. d.
200 + 2000 + 300 + 800 = _________ 600 + 6,000 + 60 + 400 + 20 + 1,000 = _________

4. Add in the EASIEST order.

a. 50 + 100 + 50 + 20 + 80 + 50 = ________ b. 100 + 5 + 200 + 5 + 100 + 20 = ________

c. $4.00 + $2.50 + $6 + $1.50 = ________ d. $15 + $23 + $15 + $60 + $27 = ________

e. 45 + 200 + 35 + 80 + 400 + 20 = ________ f. 660 + 530 + 40 + 300 + 50 = ________

g. 100 + 1,000 + 100 + 2,000 + 300 + 50 = ________

h. 1,000 + 8 + 2,000 + 2 + 30 + 400 + 60 = ________

5. Write the numbers under each other and add in columns. Look for sums of ten.

a. 34 + 157 + 126 + 1,733 + 35 + 985 b. 11 + 291 + 1,293 + 1,099 + 923

c. 760 + 306 + 294 + 1,205 + 2,430 + 29 + 92

a. b. c.

29 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

 If you are subtracting many numbers, you might as well first add everything
you're going to subtract, and then subtract that “lump” sum in one go.
Think: if you are buying 5 items, the prices are all going to be subtracted from the
money you have. But you can also first add your purchases, and subtract that sum.

Does it matter?

Taking away many numbers one at a time... ...or taking away a sum?
100 – 20 – 20 – 20 = ______ 100 – (20 + 20 + 20) = ______

6. Solve mentally using the easier way for you.

a. 20 – (5 + 4) = ________ b. 500 – (10 + 5) = ________

20 – 5 – 4 = ________ 500 – 10 – 5 = ________

c. 200 – 20 – 80 – 50 = ________ d. 5,500 – (100 + 400 + 300) = ________

200 – (20 + 80 + 50) = ________ 5,500 – 100 – 400 – 300 = ________

7. Solve and compare the problems. Is the answer the same?

a. 100 – (25 + 15) = ______ b. 1000 – (6 + 5) = _______ c. 500 – (50 + 30) = ______

100 – 25 – 15 = _______ 1000 – 6 – 5 = _______ 500 – 50 – 30 = _______

100 – 25 + 15 = _______ 1000 – 6 + 5 = _______ 500 – 50 + 30 = _______

100 – (25 – 15) = ______ 1000 – (6 – 5) = _______ 500 – (50 – 30) = ______

8. Solve. Can you spot when the two problems have the same answers? They don't always!

a. 3000 – 100 – 200 = _______ b. 600 – (25 – 25) = ______

3000 – (100 + 200) = ______ 600 – 25 – 25 = _______

c. 600 + (25 – 10) = ______ d. 600 – (25 + 10) = _______

600 + 25 – 10 = _______ 600 – 25 + 10 = _______

9. For each box, decide if the answers are the same, or not. Do not calculate the answers.

a. 3457 – (134 + 292) b. 8382 – 225 – 1925 c. 3819 – (7921 + 4219)

3457 – 134 + 292 8382 – (225 + 1925) 3819 – (7921 – 4219)

30 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

 Rounding to the Nearest Hundred

Which numbers between 400 and 500 are closer to 400 than to 500?
Which numbers are closer to 500?

Which numbers between 2,400 and 2,500 are closer to 2,400 than to 2,500?
Which numbers are closer to 2,500?

Numbers closer to 2,400 are rounded down to 2,400 when rounding to nearest hundred.
And those closer to 2,500 are rounded up to 2,500.

For example, 2,412 ≈ 2,400; 2,429 ≈ 2,400; 2,478 ≈ 2,500; 2,490 ≈ 2,500.

1. Mark the numbers as dots on the number line (approximately) and round them to
either 800 or 900.

a. b. c. d. e.
804 ≈ ______ 825 ≈ ______ 860 ≈ ______ 867 ≈ ______ 808 ≈ ______

859 ≈ ______ 850 ≈ ______ 847 ≈ ______ 856 ≈ ______ 892 ≈ ______

2. Round these numbers to the nearest hundred.

a. b. c. d. e.
416 ≈ ______ 482 ≈ ______ 429 ≈ ______ 670 ≈ ______ 254 ≈ ______

437 ≈ ______ 367 ≈ ______ 660 ≈ ______ 557 ≈ ______ 247 ≈ ______

31 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

 When you are rounding to the nearest hundred, look at the TENS DIGIT of the number.
z If the tens digit is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, then the hundreds digit does not change.
You are rounding down.
z If the tens digit is 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9, then the hundreds digit increases by one.
You are rounding up.

Whether you round up or down:

z All the other digits after the hundreds digit (tens and ones digit) go to zero.

The tens digit is 2, so the hundreds digit (7) Note especially!

does not change. The tens and ones digits go
The tens digit is 5, so the hundreds (9) in-
to zero.
creases by one (to ten hundreds). But we
6,7 28 ≈ 6,700 can't change 9 to 10 -- it'd make 41052.
4,9 52
Now the hundreds digit will not change.
7,0 49 ≈ ________ Instead, carry those ten hundreds to thou-
sands, so that the thousands digit is incre-
mented by one. It is as if '49' changes to 50.
Now the hundreds digit will go up.
6,054 ≈ ________ 4,9 52 ≈ 5,000

6 71 ≈ 700 (up) 7 26 ≈ 700 (down) 5,4 09 ≈____ (down) 9,7 90 ≈ _____ (up)

3. Would these numbers be rounded up or down when rounding to nearest hundred?

a. 546 b. 283 c. 2,405 d. 2,550

e. 6,332 f. 8,117 g. 4,678 h. 5,195

4. Round these numbers to the nearest hundred.

a. 578 ≈ _______ f. 4,105 ≈ _______ k. 4,403 ≈ _______ p. 5,061 ≈ _______

b. 2,264 ≈ _______ g. 6,723 ≈ _______ l. 5,958 ≈ _______ q. 2,088 ≈ _______

c. 1,816 ≈ _______ h. 3,294 ≈ _______ m. 9,567 ≈ _______ r. 4,197 ≈ _______

d. 5,567 ≈ _______ i. 6,054 ≈ _______ n. 8,966 ≈ _______ s. 9,008 ≈ _______

e. 1,098 ≈ _______ j. 2,583 ≈ _______ o. 9,046 ≈ _______ t. 2,947 ≈ _______

32 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

 Rounding to the Nearest Thousand

What numbers between 0 and 1,000 are closer to 0 than to 1,000?

What numbers are closer to 1,000?

What numbers between 8,000 and 9,000 are closer to 8,000 than to 9,000?

Numbers closer to 8,000 are rounded down to 8,000 when rounding to nearest thousand.
Those closer to 9,000 are rounded up to 9,000.
The one right in the middle—850—is rounded up to 9,000.

Mark these numbers approximately on the number line above and round to nearest thousand:
8,134 ≈ ___________ 8,802 ≈ ___________ 8,513 ≈ ___________ 8,428 ≈ ___________

When you are rounding to the nearest thousand, look at the HUNDREDS DIGIT.

z If the hundreds digit is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, then round down.

z If the hundreds digit is 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9, then round up.

When you round down, the thousands digit doesn't change.

When you round up, then thousands digit increases by one.
Since we round to a whole thousand, the hundreds and tens and ones digits become zero.

5,471 ≈ _________ 4,726 ≈ _________ 2,099 ≈ _________ 7,901 ≈ _________

(down) (up) (down) (up)

It doesn't matter what the ones digit or the tens digit is when we round to the next hundred.
Just look at the HUNDREDS digit.

1. Would these numbers be rounded up or down when rounding to nearest thousand?

a. 2,476 b. 3,839 c. 8,056 d. 3,503

e. 4,823 f. 7,034 g. 5,199 h. 6,511

33 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

2. Round these numbers to the nearest thousand.
a. 1,678 ≈ ________ f. 8,405 ≈ ________ k. 4,603 ≈ ________ p. 3,786 ≈ ________

b. 2,064 ≈ ________ g. 3,700 ≈ ________ l. 9,508 ≈ ________ q. 2,119 ≈ ________

c. 1,916 ≈ ________ h. 4,197 ≈ ________ m. 9,487 ≈ ________ r. 1,645 ≈ ________

d. 4,188 ≈ ________ i. 7,094 ≈ ________ n. 8,966 ≈ ________ s. 9,830 ≈ ________

e. 5,098 ≈ ________ j. 2,583 ≈ ________ o. 6,223 ≈ ________ t. 5,437 ≈ ________

3. In the number line below, the '|' marks appear at every whole ten. Underlined and illustrated in
yellow is the range of numbers that is rounded to 3,800, when rounding to the nearest hundred.

Think: What numbers (exactly) are rounded to 3,800? From ________ to _________.
What numbers would be rounded to 3,900? From ________ to _________.
When rounding to the nearest hundred, what numbers would be rounded to 7,600?
From ________ to _________.

4. Below is a number line from 4,400 till 5,800. Underlined and illustrated in yellow is the range
of numbers that is rounded to 5,000, when rounding to the nearest thousand.

Draw a similar number line from 6,300 till 7,900.

What numbers on that number line would be rounded to 7,000? From ________ to _________.

A mystery number is talking ! Note that there are several solutions

to this problem. Find ALL of them!
“If rounded to the nearest hundred, I would go to 8,500. If rounded to the nearest thousand, I
would go to 8,000. If you add 10 to me and round me to the nearest thousand, I'll go to 9,000.”

34 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

 Estimating Sums and Differences
To estimate a calculation, round each number Estimation: Reality:
the to nearest hundred and add or
subtract. After that, 5,303 + 2,278
5303
do the exact calculation. ↓ ↓ + 2278
Compare the exact answer to the estimate. If 5,300 + 2,300 = 7,600 7581
it is close to the estimate, you can be fairly
certain that you didn't make big mistakes. Check: 7,581 is close to 7,600.

1. Estimate first by rounding the numbers to the nearest hundred. Then calculate the exact answer.

a. Estimation: b. Estimation: c. Estimation:

7,869 + 2,034 2,355 + 4,854 1,528 + 439
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
+ = + = + =

Reality: Reality: Reality:

7869 2355 1528

+ 2034 + 4854 + 439

d. Estimation: e. Estimation: f. Estimation:

5,171 + 362 4,732 + 2,645 3,829 + 573
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
+ = + = + =

Reality: Reality: Reality:

5171 4732 3829

+ 362 + 2645 + 573

35 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

g. Estimation: h. Estimation:
756 + 4,178 + 836 2,934 + 904 + 4,555
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
+ + = + + =

Reality: Reality:

i. Estimation: j. Estimation: k. Estimation:

7,869 – 2,034 6,304 – 854 4,043 – 2,965
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
– = – = – =

Reality: Reality: Reality:

7869 6304 4043

– 2034 – 854 – 2965

l. Estimation: m. Estimation: n. Estimation:

1,908 – 439 4,078 – 836 7,934 – 3,555
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
– = – = – =

Reality: Reality: Reality:

1908 4078 7934

– 439 – 836 – 3555

36 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

2. Elisa's estimations are far from her answers. Find where Elisa has made an error.

a. 6,540 – 259 = ? b. 3,874 – 1,230 = ?

Estimation: 6,500 – 300 = 6,200 Estimation: 3,900 – 1,000 = 2,900
Elisa's work Elisa's work

6540 3874
– 259 – 1230
6391 2644

c. 7,406 – 789 = ? d. 3,874 + 1,990 = ?

Estimation: 7,400 – 800 = 6,600 Estimation: 3,900 + 2,000 = 5,900
Elisa's work Elisa's work

7406 3874
– 789 + 1990
7727 4864

3. Here is a typical Venezuelan shopping

list. The amounts are in bolivars. milk powder 9,450 potatoes 3,576
Round each price to the nearest hundred, coffee 4,239 tomatoes 754
and then add. Now, add the precise 2 bags lentils 3,560 bananas 1,238
amounts. Was your estimation close? 2 bags rice 2,940 onions 1,846
parsley 249 oil 2,660

4. a. Find ALL numbers that when rounded to the nearest hundred, are rounded to 500.

b. Find ALL numbers that when rounded to the nearest hundred, are rounded to 3500.

37 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

5. 'Pretend' shop with Japanese yens! If you have access to the internet, do the following
with adult supervision.
Go to http://www.prestoclassical.co.uk/dvds.php (an online classical music store) and once
there, change the currency to Japanese yens from the box in the upper right hand corner. Then
go pretend shopping. Choose three music CDs or DVDs you'd like to buy. ESTIMATE the
total price in yens!

Rounded 6. The following numbers are actual visitor data from

Date Visitors to nearest www.homeschoolmath.net during two weeks in
hundred January 2006. Each number tells you how many
Mo 16 Jan 2006 4811 people visited the website on that day.
a. First, round each number to the nearest hundred.
Tue 17 Jan 2006 6638
Wd 18 Jan 2006 6778 b. Which day of the week sees the least visitors to the
Thu 19 Jan 2006 6687 website?
Fr 20 Jan 2006 4519
c. What can you notice about the first week (from 16th
Sa 21 Jan 2006 2967 to 22nd) in comparison to the second week
Su 22 Jan 2006 4525 (from 23rd to 29th)?
Mo 23 Jan 2006 7387
d. Look at the rounded numbers only. Find the total
Tue 24 Jan 2006 7828 number of visitors during weekdays (Monday
Wd 25 Jan 2006 7620 through Friday) on the first week and second
Thu 26 Jan 2006 7199
week - using the rounded numbers.
Fr 27 Jan 2006 5016 e. The same as above, but for weekends (Saturday
Sa 28 Jan 2006 2995 and Sunday).
Su 29 Jan 2006 4535

f. Using the results from d and e:

- Approximately how much did the weekdays visitor traffic increase from the first week
to the second?

- Approximately how much did the weekend visitor traffic increase (or did it)?

What is the MYSTERY NUMBER?

When I'm rounded to the nearest hundred, I become 500.

Subtract 30 to me, and I'm still rounded to 500, ( rounding to nearest hundred).
Subtract 40 from me, and I would be rounded to 400, (rounding to nearest hundred).
My last digit is 2. Who am I?

38 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

 Review
1. Add and subtract. But first, estimate by rounding the numbers to the nearest hundred.
Lastly, add or subtract in columns. Make sure to line up your numbers.

a. 5698 + 1394 b. 3792 + 2007 + 4050

Estimate: 5700 + 1400 = Estimate:

c. 2397 + 743 + 1503 d. 5009 – 2674

Estimate: Estimate:

e. 7000 – 2555 f. 3455 – 984

Estimate: Estimate:

2. Write a number that fits the comparison sentence. There are many right answers.

a. 7500 + 10 < _________ < 7520 b. 5600 + 40 < _________ < 5700

c. 9300 + 14 < _________ < 9330 d. 1805 + 20 < _________ < 1830

e. 5490 + 5 < _________ < 5500 f. 2100 + 50 < _________ < 2158

g. 3200 + 200 < _________ < 3509 h. 7709 + 9 < _________ < 7720

39 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

3. Add and subtract mentally.

a. 7200 + _______ = 8000 b. 3250 + ________ = 3300 c. 1200 + 70 = ________

8000 – _______ = 7100 3500 – 50 = ________ _______ – 400 = 1200

d. 5000 + _______ = 8200 e. _______ + 200 = 10000 f. 1700 + 200 = ________

10000 – _______ = 7000 3000 – 400 = ________ _______ – 200 = 2200

g. 5200 + ________ = 9500 h. _______ + 2000 = 5500 i. 4710 + 50 = ________

10000 – ______ = 9200 8000 – 5400 = ________ _______ – 500 = 2300

4. Write with numbers.

a. Six thousand b. Four thousand c. Seven thousand

thirty six three hundred seven two hundred thirty

d. 2 tens 7 thousand 4 e. 2 hundred 6 thousand 4 tens f. 7 thousand 8 tens 8

g. 5 hundred 9 thousand h. 3 thousand 7 tens i. 9 tens 4 ones

7 thousand

5. A big water tank holds 4,000 liters of water, and a small one holds 1,500 liters.
You use all the water from the small one and half the water from the big one.

a. How much water have you used?

b. How much water is left?

c. Would three small tanks hold more water than one big tank?

d. Which would hold more: two big tanks or five small ones?

40 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

6. Word problems. You can use the space on the right for calculations.

a. Dad buys construction materials for $3,497 and pays with

four thousand-dollar bills. What is his change back?

b. You have $5,000 to spend. First, you buy a pump for $278
and then some cement for $1,250. How much do you have
left after that?

c. A new motorcycle costs $8,740 and a used one $1,295.

What is the price difference?

d. Using the digits 1, 2, 3, and 4, build the largest and the

smallest numbers that you can. What is the difference
of the two?

e. You want to make sure that there are enough doctors in

the towns in the chart. You want to have 2 doctors for
each thousand people.

Round the population figures to the nearest thousand.

Then figure out how many doctors the towns need.

Doctors
Town Population Rounded
needed
Redtown 6,540
Bluetown 3,879
Yellowtown 974
Greentown 9,735

41 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

 Math Mammoth
Place Value 3 Answer Key
Thousands and Beyond, p. 5
1. a. 1001 b. 1005 c. 1010 d. 1012 e. 1026 f. 1032 g. 1103 h. 1115 i. 1303 j. 1500 k. 1745 l. 1950
2. The numbers for the number lines are:
1005 1006 1007 1008 1009 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014
1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103
1452 1453 1454 1455 1456 1457 1458 1459 1460 1461
3.
a. 1,034 = 1 thousand 0 hundreds b. 1670 = 1 thousand 6 hundreds
3 tens 4 ones 7 tens 0 ones
= 1,000 + 0 + 30 + 4 = 1,000 + 600 + 70 + 0

c. 1,508 = 1 thousand 5 hundreds d. 1389 = 1 thousand 3 hundreds

0 tens 8 ones 8 tens 9 ones
= 1,000 + 500 + 0 + 8 = 1,000 + 300 + 80 + 9

e. 1,007 = 1 thousand 0 hundreds f. 1,423 = 1 thousand 4 hundreds

0 tens 7 ones 2 tens 3 ones
= 1,000 + 0 + 0 + 7 = 1,000 + 400 + 20 + 3

g. 1,006 = 1 thousand 0 hundreds h. 1,027 = 1 thousand 0 hundreds

0 tens 6 ones 2 tens 7 ones
= 1,000 + 0 + 0 + 6 = 1,000 + 0 + 20 + 7

i. 1,989 = 1 thousand 9 hundreds j. 1,742 = 1 thousand 7 hundreds

8 tens 9 ones 4 tens 2 ones
= 1,000 + 900 + 80 + 9 = 1,000 + 700 + 40 + 2

4. a. 1343, 1065, 1080 b. 1403, 1009, 1081 c. 1097, 1006, 1490

d. 1707, 1030, 1064 e. 1290, 1034, 1505 f. 1553, 1119, 1673.

1000 1010 1020 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 1090
1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190
1200 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 1270 1280 1290
5.
1300 1310 1320 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 1390
1400 1410 1420 1430 1440 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490
1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590

42 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

More Practice with Place Value, p. 9
1. a. 2001 b. 2025 c. 2132 d. 3405 e. 5915 f. 5800 g. 5990 h. 6016 i. 6303 j. 8700 k. 9245 l. 10000
2.

a. 9074 = 9 thousand 0 hundreds b. 5570 = 5 thousand 5 hundreds

7 tens 4 ones 7 tens 0 ones
= 9000 + 0 + 70 + 4 = 5000 + 500 + 70 + 0
c. 3707 = 3 thousand 7 hundreds d. 2099 = 2 thousand 0 hundreds
0 tens 7 ones 9 tens 9 ones
= 3000 + 700 + 0 + 7 = 2000 + 0 + 90 + 9

e. 8009 = 8 thousand 0 hundreds f. 5623 = 5 thousand 6 hundreds

0 tens 9 ones 2 tens 3 ones
= 8000 + 0 + 0 + 9 = 5000 + 600 + 20 + 3

g. 2090 = 2 thousand 0 hundreds h. 9060 = 9 thousand 0 hundreds

9 tens 0 ones 6 tens 0 ones
= 2000 + 0 + 90 + 0 = 9000 + 0 + 60 + 0
i. 1009 = 1 thousand 0 hundreds j. 6706 = 6 thousand 7 hundreds
0 tens 9 ones 0 tens 6 ones
= 1000 + 0 + 0 + 9 = 6000 + 700 + 0 + 6

3. a. 4593 b. 2090 c. 3200 d. 8005 e. 1087 f. 5609 g. 4600 h. 4080 i. 7203 j. 1405
4. a. 9890, 6007, 7006 b. 1993, 7089, 7809 c. 5544, 3955, 2036 d. 9074, 3605, 3210
e. 5080, 8500, 4907 f. 9407, 6540, 8586 g. 2047 h. 4620 i. 7808 j. 5060 k. 3004 l. 9500
5. a. 6048, 6049, 6050 b. 2323, 2324, 2325 c. 1799, 1800, 1801 d. 8808, 8809, 8810 e. 7384, 7385, 7384
f. 9243, 9244, 9245 g. 2777, 2778, 2779 h. 6059, 6060, 6061 i. 7039, 7040, 7041 j. 2299, 2300, 2301
k. 6999, 7000, 7001 l. 3599, 3600, 3601 m. 3149, 3150, 3151 n. 5518, 5519, 5520

6.

7.

8. The number in the middle is 5826.

43 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

9.
5000 + 200 + 3 + 3 = 5206
+ + + +
11 + 3000 + 7 + 60 = 3078
+ + + +
5 + 20 + 1000 + 900 = 1925
+ + + +
6 + 15 + 398 + 13 = 432
= = = =
5022 3235 1408 976

Which Number is Greater?, p. 14

1. a. 8500 b. 5700 c. 8400 d. 3500 e. 8370 f. 2770 g. 3811 h. 5743
i. 7011 j. 6101 k. 9834 l. 9603 m. 5100 n. 2401 o. 2761 p. 7304

2. a. <, <, >, > b. <, >, <, > c. >, <, <, < d. <, <, <, >

3. a. 7,550 b. 2,338 c. 7,099 d. 1,212 e. 8,502 f. 4,111 g. 1,809 h. 3,489 i. 5,637 j. 6,121 k. 9,696 l. 4,010
4. First compare the thousands on both sides, then the hundreds, then the tens (if need be). You can do this without adding.
a. > b. = c. > d. < e. > f. > g. < h. > i. > j. > k. > l. < m. < n. =
5. 3040 < 3601 < 3899 < 4003 < 4203 < 4330 < 4340
6. 2466 < 2506 < 2513 < 2516 < 5060 < 5096 < 5606

Adding and Subtracting Whole Hundreds, p. 17

1. 5000, 5100, 5200, 5300, 5400, 5500, 5600, 5700, 5800, 5900, 6000
2800, 2900, 3000, 3100, 3200, 3300, 3400, 3500, 3600, 3700, 3800
2. a. 5200, 5300, 5500 b. 5400, 5700, 5600 c. 5900, 5900, 5900 d. 3200, 3000, 3200
e. 2900, 3300, 3500 f. 3600, 3800, 3700 g. 6300, 7900, 6300 h. 3000, 8400, 4800
i. 9600, 5000, 9300 j. 7200, 4600, 3100 k. 5400, 4200, 6600 l. 9100, 4100, 1000

3. a. b.
3,600 + 200 = 3800 8,000 – 300 = 7700
3,700 + 200 = 3900 8,000 – 400 = 7600
3,800 + 200 = 4000 8,000 – 500 = 7500
3,900 + 200 = 4100 8,000 – 600 = 7400
4,000 + 200 = 4200 8,000 – 700 = 7300
4,100 + 200 = 4300 8,000 – 800 = 7200
4,200 + 200 = 4400 8,000 – 900 = 7100
4,300 + 200 = 4500 8,000 – 1000 = 7000
4,400 + 200 = 4600 8,000 – 1100 = 6900

44 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

 4. a. b.
8,500 – 300 = 8200 5,000 – 500 = 4500
8,500 – 400 = 8100 5,000 – 600 = 4400
8,500 – 500 = 8000 5,000 – 700 = 4300
8,500 – 600 = 7900 5,000 – 800 = 4200
8,500 – 700 = 7800 5,000 – 900 = 4100
8,500 – 800 = 7700 5,000 – 1000 = 4000
8,500 – 900 = 7600 5,000 – 1100 = 3900
8,500 – 1000 = 7500 5,000 – 1200 = 3800
8,500 – 1100 = 7400 5,000 – 1300 = 3700

5. a. 8200, 8300, 7800 b. 8700, 9100, 9200 c. 7300, 8400, 7600

d. 8200, 7700, 7900 e. 8800, 8200, 8200 f. 8800, 9600, 7000
6. a. 500, 500, 700 b. 300, 200, 600 c. 800, 800, 100
7. a. 600 + 400 = 1000; 2500 + 500 = 3000 b. 9300 + 700 = 10,000; 2600 + 400 = 3000
c. 200 + 800 = 1000; 9200 + 800 = 10,000 d. 8200 + 800 = 9000; 7300 + 700 = 8000
e. 5000 + 1000 = 6000; 7100 + 900 = 8000 f. 3000 + 1000 = 4000; 5900 + 100 = 6000

Counting Practice, p. 20
1. a. 600 b. 20 c. 80 d. 90 e. 18 f. 66
2. a. 1000, 1100, 1200, 1300, 1400, 1500
b. 1080, 1180, 1280, 1380, 1480, 1580
c. 1125, 1225, 1325, 1425, 1525, 1625
d. 1777, 1677, 1577, 1477, 1377, 1277
3. a. 8000, 8100, 8200, 8300, 8400, 8500, 8600
b. 3500, 3600, 3700, 3800, 3900, 4000, 4100
c. 3200, 3100, 3000, 2900, 2800, 2700, 2600
d. 5854, 5954, 6054, 6154, 6254, 6354, 6454
e. 4618, 4718, 4818, 4918, 5018, 5118, 5218
f. 8009, 7909, 7809, 7709, 7609, 7509, 7409

4.
n 1,056 2,508 3,492 4,009 5,903 6,980 8,299
n + 10 1,066 2,518 3,502 4,019 5,913 6,990 8,309
n + 100 1,156 2,608 3,592 4,109 6,003 7,080 8,399
n + 1000 2,056 3,508 4,492 5,009 6,903 7,980 9,299

5. a. 8000, 8010, 8020, 8030, 8040, 8050, 8060, 8070

b. 7570, 7560, 7570, 7580, 7590, 7600, 7610
c. 1870, 1860, 1850, 1840, 1830, 1820, 1810
d. 5710, 5700, 5690, 5680, 5670, 5660, 5650
e. 3001, 3011, 3021, 3031, 3041, 3051, 3061
f. 5533, 5543, 5553, 5563, 5573, 5583, 5593
g. 8909, 8899, 8889, 8879, 8869, 8859, 8849
h. 4835, 4825, 4815, 4805, 4795, 4785, 4775

45 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

Adding and Subtracting Whole Tens, p. 22
1. a. 4000, 4010, 4020, 4030, 4040, 4050, 4060, 4070
b. 6800, 6810, 6820, 6830, 6840, 6850, 6860, 6870
c. 1700, 1710, 1720, 1730, 1740, 1750, 1760, 1770
d. 3330, 3340, 3350, 3360, 3370, 3380, 3390, 3400
2. a. 120, 5120 b. 260, 4260 c. 50, 4050 d. 200, 5200 e. 300, 5300 f. 200, 4200
3. a. 5000; 1000 b. 7300; 210 + 90 =300 c. 7730; 760 – 30 = 730
d. 2760; 730 + 30 + 760 e. 2000; 910 + 90 = 1000 f. 2760; 800 – 40 = 760
g. 9520; 540 – 20 = 520 h. 5710; 760 – 50 = 710 i. 5650; 700 – 50 = 650.
4. a. 50, 50. b. 20; 280 + 20 = 300. c. 1220 + 80 = 1300; 220 + 80= 300. d. 30; 670 + 30 = 700.
e. 6530 + 70 = 6600; 530 + 70 = 600. f. 8080 + 20 = 8100; 80 + 20 = 100.

5. a. 6880 → 6900 → 7000 → 7300 → 7340 → 7400 → 8000

4550 – 14 + 24 = 4560
– + –
Puzzle corner. The puzzle has MANY possible solutions. 0 + 30 + 20 = 50
Basically you just pick one number at will and start filling
the puzzle in, and if you run into a difficulty, you change + – +
the number. This is just an example solution. 30 + 14 + 56 = 100
= = =
4580 30 60

Adding and Subtracting in Columns, p. 24

2. a. 13293 b. 4668; 5139 – 2244 = 2895

3. a. 4581 b. 1197 c. 7024 d. 5970 e. 3056 f. 4055 g. 3393 h. 4144 i. 1817 j. 2121 k. 245 l. 3207
4. a. 3285 b. 4237; 5349
5. a. 1786 b. 2276 c. 295 d. 6099 e. 2523 f. 4926 g. 1899 h. 6226 i. 3244 j. 5905 k. 1422 l. 3889
6. a. 6143 b. 6714
7. a. The map is just a rough drawing where the three cities are like vertices of a triangle.

b. 1100 + 1950 + 1250 = 4300 kilometers.

c. From Middletown to Rivertown and back is 1100 + 1100 = 2200 kilometers.
From Hightown to Middletown and back is 1950 + 1950 = 3900 km.
So the difference is 3900 - 2200 = 1700 kilometers more.

46 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

Puzzle corner:

3 9 5 2 2 9 8 1 6 7 6 9 2 1 8 8
+ 5 1 2 9 + 2 4 3 6 + 3 0 0 5 + 2 7 1 2

9 0 8 1 5 4 1 7 9 7 7 4 4 9 0 0

3 8 5 3 8 9 5 4 6 0 0 9 7 0 0 3
– 2 1 8 9 – 4 2 3 6 – 3 2 2 5 – 2 8 6 7

1 6 6 4 4 7 1 8 2 7 8 4 4 1 3 6

Order of Operations-Add/Subtract, p. 28
1. a. 1,400 b. 4,000 c. 5,200 d. 340 e. 200 f. 9,000
2. a. 4,689 b. 3,641 c. 3,742
3. a. 3,350 b. 850 c. 3,300 d. 8,080
4. a. 350 b. 430 c. $14 d. $140 e. 780 f. 1,580 g. 3,550 h. 3,500
5. a. 3,070 b. 3,617 c. 5,116
6. The answers to the two problems in each box are the same. a. 11 b. 485 c. 50 d. 4,700
7. a. 60; 60; 90; 90 b. 989; 989; 999; 999 c. 420; 420; 480; 480
The answers are sometimes the same, sometimes not.
8. a. 2,700; 2,700 b. 0; 550 c. 615; 615 d. 565; 585
9. a. no b. yes c. no

Rounding to the Nearest Hundred, p. 31

1. a. 800, 900 b. 800, 900 c. 900, 800 d. 900, 900 e. 800, 900.
2. a. 400, 400 b. 500, 400 c. 400, 700 d. 700, 600 e. 300, 200.
Teaching box: 6054 ≈ 6100, 7049 ≈ 7000; 5409 ≈ 5400, 9790 ≈ 9800.
3. down: a, c, e, f. Up: b, d, g, h.
4. a. 600 b. 2300 c. 1800 d. 5600 e. 1100 f. 4100 g. 6700 h. 3300 i. 6100 j. 2600 k. 4400
l. 6000 m. 9600 n. 9000 o. 9000 p. 5100 q. 2100 r. 4200 s. 9000 t. 2900

Rounding to the Nearest Thousand p. 33

8134 ≈ 8000 8802 ≈ 9000 8513 ≈ 9000 8428 ≈ 8000

Teaching box:
5471 ≈ 5000 (down) 4726 ≈ 5000 (up) 2099 ≈ 2000 (down) 7901 ≈ 8000 (up)

1. a. down b. up c. down d. up e. up f. down g. down h. up

2. a. 2000 b. 2000 c. 2000 d. 4000 e. 5000 f. 8000 g. 4000 h. 4000 i. 7000 j. 3000 k. 5000
l. 10,000 m. 9000 n. 9000 o. 6000 p. 4000 q. 2000 r. 2000 s. 10,000 t. 5000

47 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

3. Look and think: What numbers (exactly) are rounded to 3,800? From 3,750 to 3,849 .
What numbers would be rounded to 3,900? From 3,850 to 3,949 .
When rounding to the nearest hundred, what numbers would be rounded to 7,600?
From 6,500 to 7,499 .
4. The numbers from 6500 till 7499 would be rounded to 7000.
Puzzle corner: “If rounded to nearest hundred, I would go to 8,500. If rounded to nearest thousand, I would go to 8,000.”
These two hints tell us that the number is between 8,450 and 8,499. “If you add ten to me and round me to the nearest
thousand, I'll go to 9,000.” This tells us that 8,450 wouldn't work, since 8,450 + 10 would still be rounded down to 8,000,
when rounding to the nearest thousand. Similarly, 8,460 or 8,470 or 8,480 wouldn't work. 8,490 is the first number so that if
you add 10 to it, it will not be rounded to 8,000 when rounding to the nearest thousand. So, the number has to be at least
8,490 and at most 8,499.

Estimating Sums and Differences, p. 35

1. a. Estimation: 7900 + 2000 = 9900; reality: 9,903. b. estimation: 2400 + 4900 = 7300; reality 7,209.
c. estimation: 1500 + 400 = 1900; reality 1,967. d. estimation: 5200 + 400 = 5600; reality 5,533.
e. estimation: 4700 + 2600 = 7300; reality 7,377. f. estimation: 3800 + 600 = 4400; reality 4,402.
g. estimation: 800 + 4200 + 800 = 5800; reality 5,770. h. estimation: 2900 + 900 + 4600 = 8400; reality 8,393.
i. estimation: 7900 – 2000 = 5900; reality 5,835. j. estimation: 6300 – 900 = 5400; reality 5,450.
k. estimation: 4000 – 3000 = 1000; reality 1,078. l. estimation: 1900 – 400 = 1500; reality 1,469.
m. estimation: 4100 – 800 = 3300; reality 3,242. n. estimation: 7900 – 3600 = 4300; reality 4,379.
2. Elisa's errors are underlined.
a. Elisa's work: c. Elisa's work: d. Elisa's work:
b. Elisa's work is fine but
6540 her estimation is wrong! 7406 3874
– 259 1230 is not rounded to 1000. – 789 +1990
6391 7727 4864

3. Adding rounded numbers: 30,500 bolivars. rounded rounded

milk powder 9450 9500 potatoes 3576 3600
Adding the precise amounts: coffee 4239 4200 tomatoes 754 800
30,512 bolivars. 2 bags lentils 3560 3600 bananas 1238 1200
The estimate was very close. 2 bags rice 2940 2900 onions 1846 1800
parsley 249 200 oil 2660 2700

4. a. numbers from 450 to 549. b. numbers from 3450 to 3549. Date Visitors Rounded
Mo 16 Jan 2006 4811 4800
5. b. Saturday.
Tue 17 Jan 2006 6638 6600
c. During that first week the visitor count (traffic) was less. Wd 18 Jan 2006 6778 6800
Thu 19 Jan 2006 6687 6700
d. Weekdays total for first week: 29,400. For second week: 35,000 Fr 20 Jan 2006 4519 4500
Sa 21 Jan 2006 2967 3000
e. Weekends total for first week: 7500. For second week: 7500.
Su 22 Jan 2006 4525 4500
f. It increased approximately 5,600 visitors. Mo 23 Jan 2006 7387 7400
Weekend visitor traffic did not change. Tue 24 Jan 2006 7828 7800
Wd 25 Jan 2006 7620 7600
Puzzle corner: 482. Thu 26 Jan 2006 7199 7200
Fr 27 Jan 2006 5016 5000
Sa 28 Jan 2006 2995 3000
Su 29 Jan 2006 4535 4500

48 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

Review, p. 39
1. a. Estimate: 6,000 + 1,000 = 7,000. Exact: 7,092 b. Estimate: 4,000 + 2,000 + 4,100 = 10,100. Exact: 9,849
c. Estimate: 2,400 + 700 + 1,500 = 4,600. Exact: 4,643 d. Estimate: 5,000 – 2,700 = 2,300. Exact: 2,335
e. Estimate: 7,000 – 2,600 = 4,400. Exact: 4,445 f. Estimate: 3,500 – 1,000 = 2,500. Exact: 2,471

2. a. any number from 7511 to 7519. b. any number from 5641 to 5699.
c. any number from 9315 to 9329. d. any number from 1826 to 1829.
e. any number from 5496 to 5499. f. any number from 2151 to 2157.
g. any number from 3401 to 3508 h. 7719
3. a. 800; 900 b. 50; 3,450 c. 1,270; 1,600 d. 3,200; 3,000 e. 9,800; 2,600
f. 1,900; 2,400 g. 4,300; 800 h. 3,500; 2,600 i. 4,760; 2,800
4. a. 6,036 b. 4,307 c. 7,230 d. 7,024 e. 6,240 f. 7,088 g. 9,500 h. 3,070 i. 7,094
5. a. 3,500 liters. b. 2,000 liters. c. Yes. Three small tanks hold: 1,500 + 1,500 + 1,500 = 4,500 liters.
d. Two big ones hold 8,000 liters. Five small ones hold 1,500 + 1,500 + 1,500 + 1,500 + 1,500 = 7,500 liters.
So two big ones hold more water.
6. a. $503 b. $3472
c. $7,445 d. 4,321 – 1,234 = 3,087

Doctors
e. Town Population Rounded
needed
Redtown 6,540 7,000 14
Bluetown 3,879 4,000 8
Yellowtown 974 1,000 2
Greentown 9,735 10,000 20

49 Math Mammoth Place Value 3 (Blue Series)

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