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PhysicsSummary Chapter9

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13 views3 pages

PhysicsSummary Chapter9

Uploaded by

cecilia.eiffelin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Summary of Chapter 9

Voltage is measured in units called volts. Voltage is


measured using a voltmeter. A voltmeter is connected in a
unique way to an ammeter. An ammeter measures the
current flowing through a part, the ammeter is connected in
series with the part.

The voltmeter is connected in parallel with the part. The


voltages across all the components in a series circuit add up
to the voltage of the supply. Adding more components in a
series circuit will decrease the current. Adding more cells in
a series circuit increases the voltage of the supply.

Increasing the number of cells in the same series circuit


will:

 Increase the current in the circuit.


 Increase the voltage across each part.

The voltages across each of the branches of a parallel


circuit are equal to the voltage of the supply, that the
current can be different in the branches of a parallel
circuit. This is because the current can flow in different
paths. Voltage in all branches of a parallel circuit is the
same.

Adding more branches to a parallel circuit gives more paths


for the current to flow through. That means the current
though the cell increases. Adding cells to a parallel circuit
increases the supply voltage so it also:

 Increase the voltage across each branch.


 Increases the current through the cell.
 Increases the current through each branch.

Resistance is a measure of how easy or difficult it is for


electrons to move. Resistance is measured in units called
ohms. Copper wire is designed to have incredibly low
resistance. Inside some lamps, there is a small wire called a
filament. The filament has a high resistance. As resistance
makes it difficult for current to flow: the greater the
resistance in a circuit, the smaller the current in the
circuit.

Ohm’s law states that: Voltage = current x resistance or V =


I x R or just V = IR

A resistor is a type of electrical part designed to have a


known resistance. This is the circuit symbol for a resistor:

The part that is used to change resistance is called a


variable resistor. The circuit symbol for a variable resistor
is like that for a fixed resistor, but with an arrow through
the symbol.
As the resistance of the variable resistor is decreased, the
current in the circuit increases. A larger current flowing
through the lamp makes the lamp brighter.

The switch is opened and closed by the movement of the


fridge door, fitted with buzzer to make a warning sound if
something is done incorrectly. The headlamps are connected
in parallel, so they can be switched on and off together.

If two resistors of equal resistance are connected in series


with a battery, then the battery voltage will be shared
equally across each resistor.

Name: Cecilia Eiffelin Teacher: Mr. Stephen

Class: 8B

Absent Number: 02

Subject: Physics

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