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Ordinary - Geography Paper 1 6137-1 - First Proof 08.03.2023

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535 views32 pages

Ordinary - Geography Paper 1 6137-1 - First Proof 08.03.2023

Uploaded by

evanwyk677.com

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Centre Number Candidate Number Candidate Name

NAMIBIA SENIOR SECONDARY CERTIFICATE

GEOGRAPHY ORDINARY LEVEL 6137/1

PAPER 1 2 hours

Marks 75 2023

No additional materials.

E L
INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION TO CANDIDATES

V
• Write your Centre Number, Candidate Number and Name in the spaces at the top of this page.

E
• Write your answers on the Question Paper in the spaces provided.

L
• Write in dark blue or black pen.
• You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.

Y
• Do not use correction fluid.

R
• Do not write in the margin For Examiner's Use.

A
• Answer three questions, one from each Section.
For Examiner’s Use

N
• Please indicate with a tick () which

I
questions you answered in the For Marks Marker Checker
Examiner’s Use box. Question 1

D
Question 2

R
• Sketch maps and diagrams should be
drawn whenever they serve to illustrate
an answer. Question 3

O
• The number of marks is given in Question 4
brackets [ ] at the end of each question
or part question. Question 5
Question 6

Total

This document consists of 29 printed pages and 3 blank pages.

Republic of Namibia
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, ARTS AND CULTURE

© MoEAC/DNEA 6137/1/23 [Turn over

331952
2
For
SECTION A: PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY Examiner’s
Use

Answer one question from Section A.

1 (a) Study Fig. 1, which shows information about the area around the Red Sea.

N
Arabian Indian
Red Plate Plate
Sea
Key
Indian Ocean plate boundary
Great Rift direction of
Valley plate movement
African rift valley
Plate
(Somalian)

0 1000 2000
African
Plate km
(Nubian)
Madagascar

Fig. 1
(i) What type of plate boundary passes through the Red Sea?
Choose from the following:

Conservative Constructive Destructive

............................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Explain why the plate movements, such as those shown on Fig. 1, occur.

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [2]

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3
For
(iii) Explain why earthquakes occur close to convergent plate boundaries. Examiner’s
Use
...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [3]
(iv) Explain why people live in areas where earthquakes occur.

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [5]

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4
For
(b) Study Fig. 2, a poster displayed in a school in Manila, Philippines. Examiner’s
Use

PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN DURING AN EARTHQUAKE

• Do not panic, remain calm.

• Stay indoors until the shaking stops.
• Watch for falling objects.
• Stay away from windows, sliding glass
doors and mirrors.
• Stay away from tall shelves and cabinets.
• Move to an inner wall or corridor.
• Get under your desk.
• You can leave the building after the shaking
stops.

• Once outside do not stand close to outside

walls, tall trees or buildings.

Fig. 2
(i) Explain how the advice given in the poster may reduce the numbers of
deaths and injuries if an earthquake occurs.

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [4]
6137/1/23

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5
For
(ii) Explain why earthquakes of the same magnitude (strength) are likely Examiner’s
Use
to cause more deaths and injuries in a Less Economically Developed
Country (LEDC) than a More Economically Developed Country (MEDC).

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [5]
(c) For a named example of a volcanic eruption you have studied, describe
its negative effects on people and the natural environment.

Name of volcanic eruption .......................................................

......................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................... [5]

[25]
6137/1/23 [Turn over
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6
For
2 (a) Study Fig. 3, which shows annual average precipitation in west Africa. Examiner’s
Use

15º 10º 5º 0º 5º 10º 15º 20º 25º

20º 50 20º
50 50 50
200 200 200
Agades
400 400
15º 400 15º
600 600
800
1000 800 600
1000 800
800
10º 1000 10º
1400 1000
1200
1200
Atlantic
Ocean
5º 5º
0 200 400 600 8001000
km

15º 10º 5º 0º 5º 10º 15º 20º 25º

Key 800 annual average

precipitation (mm)

Fig. 3
(i) Estimate the annual average precipitation in Agades.

............................................................................. mm [1]
(ii) Suggest why daytime temperatures are high at Agades.

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [2]
(iii) Explain why rainfall is low in areas such as Agades.

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [3]
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7
For
(b) Study Fig. 4, which shows information about rainfall in Agades. Agades is in Examiner’s
Use
Niger, a Less Economically Developed Country (LEDC).

Rainfall (mm)
Month
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
January - - - - -
February - - - - -
March - 2 - - -
April - - 50 - -
May 22 - 1 18 -
June 7 2 20 1 -
July 11 58 61 9 22
August 36 67 26 51 14
September 21 26 8 3 4
October - - - - -
November - - - - -
December - - - - -
Total 97 155 166 82 40

Fig. 4
(i) Describe four features of the rainfall distribution over the five years
shown by Fig. 4.

1 .............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

2 .............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

3 .............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

4 .............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [4]

6137/1/23 [Turn over

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8
For
(ii) Suggest how the rainfall distribution shown in Fig. 4 may negatively Examiner’s
Use
affect the lives of people living in and around Agades.

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [5]

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9
For
(iii) The area around Agades is at risk from desertification. This can be Examiner’s
Use
defined as ‘the spread of desert-like conditions into nearby regions’.
Explain why desertification occurs.

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [5]

6137/1/23 [Turn over

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10
For
(c) For a named area of a tropical desert, which you have studied, describe Examiner’s
Use
and explain how the natural vegetation of the area can survive in a
desert climate.

Tropical desert studied ............................................................

......................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................... [5]

[25]

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11
For
SECTION B: ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES AND THE USE OF RESOURCES Examiner’s
Use

Answer one question from Section B.

3 (a) Study Fig. 5, which shows information about the population and the consumption
of energy in different continents.

Europe
Asia

North
America Africa

South
America
Australasia

Key % of world population Scale of bars

1mm = 1%
% of world energy consumption

Fig. 5
(i) Name one continent which has a smaller percentage of the world’s
population than its percentage of world energy consumption.

............................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Complete the table below by inserting the names of the three missing
continents. The continents should be arranged in rank order of their
energy consumption.

Highest percentage of world energy consumption

Asia

Europe

Australasia

Lowest percentage of world energy consumption

[2]
6137/1/23 [Turn over
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12
For
(iii) Suggest three reasons why many More Economically Developed Examiner’s
Use
Countries (MEDCs) want to reduce the amount of energy which they
import.

1 .............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

2 .............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

3 .............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [3]
(iv) Some areas are facing a shortage of non-renewable energy.
Describe two ways that renewable energy could be generated in
such areas.

1 .............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

2 .............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [4]

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13
For
(b) Study Photograph A, which shows a coal-fired power station. Examiner’s
Use

Photograph A
(i) Name one greenhouse gas.

............................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Describe the negative effects that the coal-fired power station shown in
Photograph A may have on the Earth's atmosphere.

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [3]

6137/1/23 [Turn over

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14
For
(iii) Explain three negative impacts of global climate change on the Earth. Examiner’s
Use
1 .............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

2 .............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

3 .............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [6]
(c) Name an area or a country which you have studied where large amounts
of fuelwood are used as a source of energy. Describe the problems this
causes for local people and the natural environment.

Name of area or country ........................................................

......................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................... [5]

[25]

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15
For
4 (a) Study Fig. 6, which shows information about food production in selected Examiner’s
Use
countries.

Tropic of
Cancer
Equator

Tropic of
Capricorn

Key
Population growth is:
greater than the increase in food production
equal to the increase in food production
less than the increase in food production

Fig. 6
(i) Name one country where population growth is greater than the
increase in food production.

............................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Give two natural factors which cause food shortages.

1 .............................................................................................................

2 ............................................................................................................. [2]

6137/1/23 [Turn over

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16
For
(iii) How can economic and political factors result in food shortages? Examiner’s
Use
...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [4]
(iv) Describe the negative effects of food shortages in Less Economically
Developed Countries (LEDCs).

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [4]

6137/1/23

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17
For
(b) Study Fig. 7, which shows information about changes in agriculture in Examiner’s
Use
Indonesia, a Less Economically Developed Country (an LEDC) between
1990 and 2015.
2 12 000

production per worker ($US)

10 000
Number of agricultural

Value of agricultural
1.5
workers (millions)

8 000

1 6 000

4 000
0.5
2 000

0 0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
years
Key
number of agricultural workers
value of agricultural production per worker

Fig. 7
(i) Describe the changes shown in Fig. 7, of employment in agriculture in
Indonesia between 1990 and 2015. You should refer to data in Fig. 7.

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [4]

6137/1/23 [Turn over

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18
For
(ii) The value of agricultural output per worker in Indonesia increased Examiner’s
Use
between 1990 and 2015.
Suggest reasons for this increase.

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [5]

6137/1/23

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19
For
(c) Describe the inputs, processes and outputs of a large scale commercial Examiner’s
Use
farming system which you have studied. Give an example and name an
area where this type of farming takes place.

Example and named area ...........................................................................

......................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................... [5]

[25]

6137/1/23 [Turn over

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20
For
SECTION C: POPULATION AND SETTLEMENT Examiner’s
Use

Answer one question from Section C.

5 (a) Study Fig. 8, which shows the population pyramids of Mexico, a
Less Economically Developed Country (LEDC) and the USA, a More
Economically Developed Country (MEDC).

Mexico USA
male 80+ female male 80+ female old
75-79 75-79 dependents
70-74 70-74
65-69 65-69
60-64 60-64
55-59 55-59
50-54 50-54
45-49 45-49 economically
40-44 40-44 active
35-39 35-39
30-34 30-34
25-29 25-29
20-24 20-24
15-19 15-19
10-14 10-14 young
5-9 5-9
0-4 0-4 dependents
8 6 4 2 0 0 2 4 6 8 8 6 4 2 0 0 2 4 6 8
number of people (millions)

Fig. 8
(i) What is meant by economically active?

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) What evidence in the population pyramids shown in Fig. 8
suggests that:
A people in Mexico have a shorter life expectancy than people in the
USA?

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................
B the USA has a lower birth rate than Mexico?

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [2]

6137/1/23

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21
For
(iii) Using Fig. 8, compare the number of young dependents in Examiner’s
Use
Mexico with that in the USA. Support your answer with data
from Fig. 8.

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [3]
(iv) Explain why LEDCs have high birth rates.

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [5]

6137/1/23 [Turn over

331952
22
For
(b) Study Fig. 9, which shows changes in the number of old dependents in the Examiner’s
Use
UK (MEDC).
8
7 Key
Number of people (millions)
6

5
4
people people
3 aged aged
65 75
2 to and
74 over
1

0
2011 2021 2031
(expected)

year

Fig. 9
(i) Using Fig. 9, describe how the number of people aged 75 and over is
expected to change in the UK between 2011 and 2031. Support your
answer with data from Fig. 9.

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [3]

6137/1/23

331952
23
For
(ii) Explain why the governments of MEDCs, such as the UK, are Examiner’s
Use
concerned about the ageing population.

...............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [6]

6137/1/23 [Turn over

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24
For
(c) For a named country, state a policy which has been used to positively Examiner’s
Use
or negatively influence rates of population growth. Describe the positive
impacts of this policy.

Name of a country.................................................................

Policy ............................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

Positive Impacts ............................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................... [5]

[25]

6137/1/23

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25
For
6 (a) Study Fig. 10, which shows information about the proportion of the world’s Examiner’s
Use
urban population in countries with different levels of wealth in 1965 and 2020.
1965 2020

Key
Wealth of country
very poor
poor
rich
very rich

Fig. 10
(i) What percentage of the world’s urban population lived in the very rich
countries in 2020?

............................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Using evidence from Fig. 10 only, identify two changes in the world’s
urban population between 1965 and 2020.

1 .............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

2 .............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................... [2]
(iii) Describe four different pull factors of urban areas in Less Economically
Developed Countries (LEDCs) for people who live in rural areas.