SCIENCE

CLASS – IX
Topics: Work and Energy, Atomic Structure and Why Do We Fall Ill?

Time Allowed: 1 hour Maximum Marks: 30 Marks

General Instructions:
1. All questions are compulsory.
2. Marks of each question are mentioned in front of them.

PHYSICS
1. A person holds a bundle of hay over his head for 30 minutes and gets tired. Has he done
some work or not? Justify your answer. [1]

2. (a) Define power. Also define its SI unit.

(b) A battery lights a bulb. Describe the energy transformations involved in the process.
[2]
3. If the kinetic energy of body A and B are in the ratio 9 : 1, find the ratio of their final
velocities. (Masses of A and B are equal). [2]

4. (a) Derive a mathematical expression for kinetic energy of a body.

(b) A rocket of mass 3 ´ 10 6 kg takes off from a launching pad and acquires a vertical
velocity of 1 km/s and an altitude of 25 km. Calculate its:
(i) Potential Energy (ii) Kinetic Energy. (Take g = 10 m/s2). [5]

CHEMISTRY

1. If K and L shells of an atom are full, then what would be the total number of electrons in the
atom? [1]

2. What are the limitations of Rutherford’s model of the atom? [1]

3. (a) Chlorine occurs in nature in two isotopic forms with masses 35u and 37u in the ratio
of 3 : 1. Calculate the average atomic mass of chlorine atom on the basis of this
data.
(b) Give uses of three isotopes. [3]
4. (a) An element has an atomic number 12 and an atomic mass number 26. Draw a
diagram showing the distribution of electron in the orbits and the nuclear composition
of the neutral atom of the element. What is the valency of the element and why is it
so?
(b) Which electrons determine the chemical properties of an element?
(c) Fill in the blanks :
(i) The fundamental particle not present in hydrogen atom is _______.
(ii) Almost all the mass of an atom is concentrated in a small region of space called the
______.
(iii) The maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in M shell are ______.
(iv) An atom of an element has 11 protons, 11 electrons and 12 neutrons. The atomic
mass of the atoms is _______. . [5]

BIOLOGY

1. What are the diseases that do not spread? Give two examples. [1]

2. (a) Name some categories of organisms which are disease causing.

(b) Give one example of each of the following:
(i) Disease which spreads through air.
(ii) Disease which speads through water. [2]

3. How are symptoms different from signs of a disease? [2]

4. (a) Differentiate between disease-free and healthy (two points).

(b) How antibiotic penicillin affects bacteria?
(c) Expand the term HIV and AIDS.
(d) Apart from sexual contact AIDS virus can spread through which other means. [5]

SCIENCE
CLASS – IX
Topics: Work and Energy, Atomic Structure and Why Do We Fall Ill?

SOLUTIONS
PHYSICS

1. The person holding a bundle of hay on his head gets tired as he experiences muscular
fatigue. This fatigue is due to conversion of chemical energy into thermal energy by the
muscular effort. The person has done no work as his effort causes no displacement of the
bundle over his head. Work (W) = F × S = F × 0 = 0 (No work). [1]
2. (a) Power is defined as the rate of doing work or rate of transfer of energy.
Work ( W)
\ Power = [½]
time ( t)
SI unit of power is watt. Power is said to be 1 W if rate of doing work is 1 J per
second. [½]
(b) A battery converts chemical energy into electrical energy. This electrical energy is
converted into heat and then light.
Chemical energy ® Electrical energy ® Heat energy ® Light energy [1]

1
3. K.E A = mv A2
2
1
K.E B = mv B2
2
1
mv A2 2
K.E A 2 9 v2 9 æ3ö
= = , A2 = = ç ÷
K.E B 1 1 vB 1 è 1ø
mv B2
2
vA 3
= or v A : v B = 3 : 1 [2]
vB 1

4. (a) Kinetic Energy = Work = F × s

K.E. = (m × a) (s ) ..... (i)
But according to third equation of motion:
v 2 - u 2 = 2as
v 2 - u2
Then, s=
2a
But the body starts from rest, therefore:
v2
s= (u = 0) ..... (ii)
2a
Putting this value of s from equation (ii) into equation (i), we get:
æv 2 ö
K.E. = (m ´ a ) ç ÷
ç 2a ÷
è ø
mv 2 1
K.E. = = mv 2 . [2]
2 2
(b) Here, mass of the rocket, m = 3 × 106 kg
Velocity acquired by the rocket, v = 1 km/s = 1000 m/s
Height attained by the rocket, h = 25 km = 25000 m

(i) Potential energy of the rocket, E p = mgh = (3 ´ 10 6 kg)(10 m/s 2 ) (25000 m)

= 7.5 ´ 1011 J
 1 1
(ii) Kinetic energy of the rocket, E k = mv 2 = (3 ´ 10 6 kg) (1000 m/s) 2
2 2

= 1.5 ´ 1012 J [3]

CHEMISTRY

1. The maximum number of electrons (2n2) to be accommodated by K (n = 1) and L (n = 2)

shells of an atom are 2(2 ´ 12 ) and 8(2 ´ 2 2 ) respectively. If K and L shells are full, then
the total number of electrons will be 2 + 8 = 10. [1]

2. Rutherford’s atomic model failed to explain the stability of the atom. Neil Bohr pointed out
that Rutherford’s atom should be highly unstable due to continuous lose in energy of the
moving electron. [½]
Any electron (charged particle) moving in a circular orbit
around the nucleus would undergo acceleration. As a result, it
would radiate (lose) energy and ultimately fall into the nucleus.
If this were so, the atom should be highly unstable and would
not have existed in its present form that atom is quite stable. In
other words, Rutherford’s atom should collapse but it is wrong
because atoms do not collapse and are quite stable. [½]

3. (a) The isotopes of chlorine are in the ratio 3 : 1. It means that the two isotopes are 75%
and 25% respectively.
35 ´ 75 37 ´ 25
\ Average atomic mass of chlorine = +
100 100
105 37 142
= + = = 35.5 u [1½]
4 4 4
Alternatively :
3 ´ 35 + 1´ 37 105 + 37
Average atomic mass of chlorine = = = 35.5 u
3 +1 4
(b) Uses of Isotopes :
(i) An isotope of cobalt is used in the treatment to cancer.
(ii) An isotope of iodine is used in the treatment of goiter.
(iii) An isotope of uranium is used as a fuel in nuclear reactors. [1½]
4. (a) Atomic mass = 26 e
e
Atomic number = 12 e e e
Protons = 12 12p
e e
Neutrons = 26 - 12 = 14 14n
Electrons = 12 e e e
e
Electronic configuration = 2, 8, 2 e [1]
Orbits =3
The valency of the element is +2. It is because its atom has 2 valence electrons which will
be transferred by the atom in chemical bond formation. [1]
(b) Valence electrons. [1]
(c) (i) Neutron [½]
(ii) Nucleus [½]
(iii) 2 ´ 3 2 = 18 [½]
(iv) ( p + n ) = 23 [½]

BIOLOGY
1. Non-infectious or Non-communicable diseases do not spread. Example – Cancer and high
blood pressure. [1]
2. (a) The disease causing organisms are bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoans, etc. [1]
(b) (i) Common cold (other examples are pneumonia and tuberculosis). [½]
(ii) Hepatitis (other examples are jaundice, typhoid and cholera). [½]

3. Symptoms: It refers to the general visible changes and feelings when we feel there is
something wrong. Symptoms of a number of diseases may look alike, hence symptoms do
not indicate a specific disease. For example headache, loose motions, fever etc. [1]
Signs : Signs of a disease means definite indications of a particular disease. On the basis
of symptoms, a physician looks for specific signs of a disease. Physicians recommend
specific tests on the basis of signs to identify the disease correctly. [1]
4. (a) Differences between ‘Disease-free’ and ‘Healthy’ are:

S. No. Disease-free Healthy

1. It is a state of absence of any It is a state of physical, mental and social
discomfort or derangement of the well being. [1]
functioning of the body.
2. It refers to an individual. It refers not only to the individual but also to
its social and community environment. [1]
3. A ‘disease-free’ individual may A ‘healthy’ individual is one who is able to
have good health or poor health. perform normally under given situation.

(b) It blocks the bacterial processes that build the cell-wall, as a result, the bacteria dies.
[1]
(c) (i) Human immuno virus
(ii) Acquired immuno deficiency syndrome [1]
(d) (i) Blood to blood contact.
(ii) Inflected mother to her baby during pregnancy.
(iii) Through breast feeding. [1]