SY0-701

CompTIA
CompTIA Security+ Exam 2024

Questions and Answers (PDF)

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 Total Questions: 171
Latest Version: 8.1

Question: 1
A company’s legal department drafted sensitive documents in a SaaS application and wants to
ensure the documents cannot be accessed by individuals in high-risk countries. Which of the
following is the most effective way to limit this access?

A. Data masking
B. Encryption
C. Geolocation policy
D. Data sovereignty regulation

Question: 2
Which of the following is a hardware-specific vulnerability?

A. Firmware version
B. Buffer overflow
C. SQL injection
D. Cross-site scripting

Question: 3
While troubleshooting a firewall configuration, a technician determines that a “deny any” policy
should be added to the bottom of the ACL. The technician updates the policy, but the new policy
causes several company servers to become unreachable.
Which of the following actions would prevent this issue?

A. Documenting the new policy in a change request and submitting the request to change
management
B. Testing the policy in a non-production environment before enabling the policy in the
production network
C. Disabling any intrusion prevention signatures on the 'deny any* policy prior to enabling the
new policy
D. Including an 'allow any1 policy above the 'deny any* policy
 Question: 4
An organization is building a new backup data center with cost-benefit as the primary
requirement and RTO and RPO values around two days. Which of the following types of sites is
the best for this scenario?

A. Real time recovery

B. Hot
C. Cold
D. Warm

Question: 5
A company requires hard drives to be securely wiped before sending decommissioned systems
to recycling. Which of the following best describes this policy?

A. Enumeration
B. Sanitization
C. Destruction
D. Inventory

Question: 6
A systems administrator works for a local hospital and needs to ensure patient data is protected
and secure. Which of the following data classifications should be used to secure patient data?

A. Private
B. Critical
C. Sensitive
D. Public

Question: 7
A U.S.-based cloud-hosting provider wants to expand its data centers to new international
locations. Which of the following should the hosting provider consider first?

A. Local data protection regulations

B. Risks from hackers residing in other countries
C. Impacts to existing contractual obligations
D. Time zone differences in log correlation
 Question: 8
Which of the following would be the best way to block unknown programs from executing?

A. Access control list

B. Application allow list.
C. Host-based firewall
D. DLP solution

Question: 9
A company hired a consultant to perform an offensive security assessment covering penetration
testing and social engineering.
Which of the following teams will conduct this assessment activity?

A. White
B. Purple
C. Blue
D. Red

Question: 10
A software development manager wants to ensure the authenticity of the code created by the
company. Which of the following options is the most appropriate?

A. Testing input validation on the user input fields

B. Performing code signing on company-developed software
C. Performing static code analysis on the software
D. Ensuring secure cookies are use

Question: 11

Which of the following can be used to identify potential attacker activities without affecting
production servers?

A. Honey pot
B. Video surveillance
C. Zero Trust
D. Geofencing.
 Question: 12
During an investigation, an incident response team attempts to understand the source of an
incident. Which of the following incident response activities describes this process?

A. Analysis
B. Lessons learned
C. Detection
D. Containment

Question: 13
A security practitioner completes a vulnerability assessment on a company’s network and finds
several vulnerabilities, which the operations team remediates. Which of the following should be
done next?

A. Conduct an audit.
B. Initiate a penetration test.
C. Rescan the network.
D. Submit a report.

Question: 14
An administrator was notified that a user logged in remotely after hours and copied large
amounts of data to a personal device.
Which of the following best describes the user’s activity?

A. Penetration testing
B. Phishing campaign
C. External audit
D. Insider threat

Question: 15
Which of the following allows for the attribution of messages to individuals?

A. Adaptive identity
B. Non-repudiation
C. Authentication
D. Access logs
 Question: 16
Which of the following is the best way to consistently determine on a daily basis whether
security settings on servers have been modified?

A. Automation
B. Compliance checklist
C. Attestation
D. Manual audit

Question: 17
Which of the following tools can assist with detecting an employee who has accidentally emailed
a file containing a customer’s PII?

A. SCAP
B. Net Flow
C. Antivirus
D. DLP

Question: 18
An organization recently updated its security policy to include the following statement:
Regular expressions are included in source code to remove special characters such as $, |, ;. &, `,
and ? from variables set by forms in a web application.
Which of the following best explains the security technique the organization adopted by making
this addition to the policy?

A. Identify embedded keys

B. Code debugging
C. Input validation
D. Static code analysis
 Question: 19
A security analyst and the management team are reviewing the organizational performance of a
recent phishing campaign. The user click-through rate exceeded the acceptable risk threshold,
and the management team wants to reduce the impact when a user clicks on a link in a phishing
message. Which of the following should the analyst do?

A. Place posters around the office to raise awareness of common phishing activities.
B. Implement email security filters to prevent phishing emails from being delivered
C. Update the EDR policies to block automatic execution of downloaded programs.
D. Create additional training for users to recognize the signs of phishing attempts.

Question: 20
Which of the following has been implemented when a host-based firewall on a legacy Linux
system allows connections from only specific internal IP addresses?

A. Compensating control
B. Network segmentation
C. Transfer of risk
D. SNMP traps

Question: 21
The management team notices that new accounts that are set up manually do not always have
correct access or permissions.
Which of the following automation techniques should a systems administrator use to streamline
account creation?

A. Guard rail script

B. Ticketing workflow
C. Escalation script
D. User provisioning script
 Question: 22
A company is planning to set up a SIEM system and assign an analyst to review the logs on a
weekly basis. Which of the following types of controls is the company setting up?

A. Corrective
B. Preventive
C. Detective
D. Deterrent
Question: 23
A systems administrator is looking for a low-cost application-hosting solution that is
cloudbased. Which of the following meets these requirements?

A. Serverless framework
B. Type 1 hvpervisor
C. SD-WAN
D. SDN

Question: 24
A security operations center determines that the malicious activity detected on a server is
normal. Which of the following activities describes the act of ignoring detected activity in the
future?

A. Tuning
B Aggregating
C. Quarantining
D. Archiving

Question: 25
A security analyst reviews domain activity logs and notices the following:

Which of the following is the best explanation for what the security analyst has discovered?

A. The user jsmith's account has been locked out.

B. A keylogger is installed on [smith's workstation
C. An attacker is attempting to brute force ismith's account.
D. Ransomware has been deployed in the domain.
 Question: 26
A company is concerned about weather events causing damage to the server room and
downtime. Which of the following should the company consider?

A. Clustering servers
B. Geographic dispersion
C. Load balancers
D. Off-site backups

Question: 27
Which of the following is a primary security concern for a company setting up a BYOD program?

A. End of life
B. Buffer overflow
C. VM escape
D. Jailbreaking

Question: 28
A company decided to reduce the cost of its annual cyber insurance policy by removing the
coverage for ransomware attacks.
Which of the following analysis elements did the company most likely use in making this
decision?

A. IMTTR
B. RTO
C. ARO
D. MTBF
Question: 29
Which of the following is the most likely to be included as an element of communication in a
security awareness program?

A. Reporting phishing attempts or other suspicious activities

B. Detecting insider threats using anomalous behavior recognition
C. Verifying information when modifying wire transfer data
D. Performing social engineering as part of third-party penetration testing
 Question: 30
HOTSPOT
Select the appropriate attack and remediation from each drop-down list to label the
corresponding attack with its remediation.
INSTRUCTIONS
Not all attacks and remediation actions will be used.
If at any time you would like to bring back the initial state of the simulation, please click the
Reset All button.
 Question: 31
HOTSPOT
You are security administrator investigating a potential infection on a network.
Click on each host and firewall. Review all logs to determine which host originated the Infecton
and then deny each remaining hosts clean or infected.
Answer:
Explanation:

Question: 32
Which of the following vulnerabilities is exploited when an attacker overwrites a register with a
malicious address?

A. VM escape
B. SQL injection
C. Buffer overflow
D. Race condition
 Question: 33
Which of the following would be the best way to handle a critical business application that is
running on a legacy server?

A. Segmentation
B. Isolation
C. Hardening
D. Decommissioning

Question: 34
Which of the following describes the process of concealing code or text inside a graphical image?

A. Symmetric encryption
B. Hashing
C. Data masking
D. Steganography

Question: 35
After a company was compromised, customers initiated a lawsuit. The company's attorneys have
requested that the security team initiate a legal hold in response to the lawsuit. Which of the
following describes the action the security team will most likely be required to take?

A. Retain the emails between the security team and affected customers for 30 days.
B. Retain any communications related to the security breach until further notice.
C. Retain any communications between security members during the breach response.
D. Retain all emails from the company to affected customers for an indefinite period of time.
 Question: 36
A network manager wants to protect the company's VPN by implementing
multifactor authentication that uses: . Something you know
. Something you have
. Something you are
Which of the following would accomplish the manager's goal?

A. Domain name, PKI, GeolP lookup

B. VPN IP address, company ID, facial structure
C. Password, authentication token, thumbprint
D. Company URL, TLS certificate, home address

Question: 37
A security manager created new documentation to use in response to various types of security
incidents. Which of the following is the next step the manager should take?

A. Set the maximum data retention policy.

B. Securely store the documents on an air-gapped network.
C. Review the documents' data classification policy.
D. Conduct a tabletop exercise with the team.

Question: 38
Users at a company are reporting they are unable to access the URL for a new retail website
because it is flagged as gambling and is being blocked.
Which of the following changes would allow users to access the site?

A. Creating a firewall rule to allow HTTPS traffic

B. Configuring the IPS to allow shopping
C. Tuning the DLP rule that detects credit card data
D. Updating the categorization in the content filter
 Question: 39
An administrator discovers that some files on a database server were recently encrypted. The
administrator sees from the security logs that the data was last accessed by a domain user.
Which of the following best describes the type of attack that occurred?

A. Insider threat
B. Social engineering
C. Watering-hole
D. Unauthorized attacker

Question: 40
Which of the following automation use cases would best enhance the security posture of an
organization by rapidly updating permissions when employees leave a company?

A. Provisioning resources
B. Disabling access
C. Reviewing change approvals
D. Escalating permission requests

Question: 41
Which of the following must be considered when designing a high-availability network? (Select
two).

A. Ease of recovery
B. Ability to patch
C. Physical isolation
D. Responsiveness
E. Attack surface
F. Extensible authentication
 42
Which of the following methods to secure credit card data is best to use when a requirement is
to see only the last four numbers on a credit card?

A. Encryption
B. Hashing
C. Masking
D. Tokenization

Question: 43
An administrator finds that all user workstations and servers are displaying a message that is
associated with files containing an extension of .ryk. Which of the following types of infections is
present on the systems?

A. Virus
B. Trojan
C. Spyware
D. Ransomware

Question: 44
A healthcare organization wants to provide a web application that allows individuals to digitally
report health emergencies.
Which of the following is the most important consideration during development?

A. Scalability
B. Availability
C. Cost
D. Ease of deployment

Question: 45
An organization wants a third-party vendor to do a penetration test that targets a specific
device. The organization has provided basic information about the device. Which of the
following best describes this kind of penetration test?

A. Partially known environment

B. Unknown environment
C. Integrated
D. Known environment
 Question: 46
An attacker posing as the Chief Executive Officer calls an employee and instructs the employee
to buy gift cards. Which of the following techniques is the attacker using?

A. Smishing
B. Disinformation
C. Impersonating
D. Whaling

Question: 47
An analyst is evaluating the implementation of Zero Trust principles within the data plane.
Which of the following would be most relevant for the analyst to evaluate?

A. Secured zones
B. Subject role
C. Adaptive identity
D. Threat scope reduction

Question: 48
An organization is leveraging a VPN between its headquarters and a branch location. Which of
the following is the VPN protecting?

A. Data in use
B. Data in transit
C. Geographic restrictions
D. Data sovereignty

Question: 49
The marketing department set up its own project management software without telling the
appropriate departments. Which of the following describes this scenario?

A. Shadow IT
B. Insider threat
C. Data exfiltration
D. Service disruption
 Question: 50
An enterprise is trying to limit outbound DNS traffic originating from its internal network.
Outbound DNS requests will only be allowed from one device with the IP address 10.50.10.25.
Which of the following firewall ACLs will accomplish this goal?

A. Access list outbound permit 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 port 53

B. Access list outbound permit 0.0.0.0/0 10.50.10.25/32 port 53
C. Access list outbound permit 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 port 53
D. Access list outbound permit 10.50.10.25/32 0.0.0.0/0 port 53

Question: 51
After a security incident, a systems administrator asks the company to buy a NAC platform.
Which of the following attack surfaces is the systems administrator trying to protect?

A. Bluetooth
B. Wired
C. NFC
D. SCADA

Question: 52
Which of the following factors are the most important to address when formulating a training
curriculum plan for a security awareness program? (Select two).

A. Channels by which the organization communicates with customers

B. The reporting mechanisms for ethics violations
C. Threat vectors based on the industry in which the organization operates
D. Secure software development training for all personnel
E. Cadence and duration of training events
F. Retraining requirements for individuals who fail phishing simulations
 Question: 53
An organization disabled unneeded services and placed a firewall in front of a business-critical
legacy system. Which of the following best describes the actions taken by the organization?

A. Exception
B. Segmentation
C. Risk transfer
D. Compensating controls

Question: 54
Which of the following is the best reason to complete an audit in a banking environment?

A. Regulatory requirement
B. Organizational change
C. Self-assessment requirement
D. Service-level requirement

Question: 55
A security administrator is deploying a DLP solution to prevent the exfiltration of sensitive
customer data. Which of the following should the administrator do first?

A. Block access to cloud storage websites.

B. Create a rule to block outgoing email attachments.
C. Apply classifications to the data.
D. Remove all user permissions from shares on the file server.
 Question: 56
Which of the following describes a security alerting and monitoring tool that collects system,
application, and network logs from multiple sources in a centralized system?

A. SIEM
B. DLP
C. IDS
D. SNMP

Question: 57
Which of the following are cases in which an engineer should recommend the decommissioning
of a network device? (Select two).

A. The device has been moved from a production environment to a test environment.
B. The device is configured to use cleartext passwords.
C. The device is moved to an isolated segment on the enterprise network.
D. The device is moved to a different location in the enterprise.
E. The device's encryption level cannot meet organizational standards.
F. The device is unable to receive authorized updates.

Question: 58
An administrator assists the legal and compliance team with ensuring information about
customer transactions is archived for the proper time period. Which of the following data
policies is the administrator carrying out?

A. Compromise
B. Retention
C. Analysis
D. Transfer
E. Inventory
 Question: 59
A systems administrator is working on a solution with the following requirements:
• Provide a secure zone.
• Enforce a company-wide access control policy.
• Reduce the scope of threats.
Which of the following is the systems administrator setting up?

A. Zero Trust
B. AAA
C. Non-repudiation
D. CIA

Question: 60
A security administrator needs a method to secure data in an environment that includes some
form of checks so that the administrator can track any changes. Which of the following should
the administrator set up to achieve this goal?

A. SPF
B. GPO
C. NAC
D. FIM - (file integrity monitoring)

Question: 61
Which of the following is the phase in the incident response process when a security analyst
reviews roles and responsibilities?

A. Preparation
B. Recovery
C. Lessons learned
D. Analysis
 Question: 62
A company is discarding a classified storage array and hires an outside vendor to complete the
disposal. Which of the following should the company request from the vendor?

A. Certification
B. Inventory list
C. Classification
D. Proof of ownership

Question: 63
Which of the following would be the best ways to ensure only authorized personnel can access a
secure facility? (Select two).

A. Fencing
B. Video surveillance
C. Badge access
D. Access control vestibule
E. Sign-in sheet
F. Sensor
Question: 64
A company's marketing department collects, modifies, and stores sensitive customer Data .The
infrastructure team is responsible for securing the data while in transit and at rest.
Which of the following data roles describes the customer?

A. Processor
B. Custodian
C. Subject
D. Owner
Question: 65
Malware spread across a company's network after an employee visited a compromised industry
blog. Which of the following best describes this type of attack?

A. Impersonation
B. Disinformation
C. Watering-hole
D. Smishing
 Question: 66
After a recent ransomware attack on a company's system, an administrator reviewed the log
files. Which of the following control types did the administrator use?

A. Compensating
B. Detective
C. Preventive
D. Corrective
Question: 67
Which of the following agreement types defines the time frame in which a vendor needs to
respond?

A. SOW
B. SLA
C. MOA
D. MOU

Question: 68
A Chief Information Security Officer wants to monitor the company's servers for SQLi attacks
and allow for comprehensive investigations if an attack occurs. The company uses SSL
decryption to allow traffic monitoring. Which of the following strategies would best accomplish
this goal?

A. Logging all NetFlow traffic into a SIEM

B. Deploying network traffic sensors on the same subnet as the servers
C. Logging endpoint and OS-specific security logs
D. Enabling full packet capture for traffic entering and exiting the servers

Question: 69
A client demands at least 99.99% uptime from a service provider's hosted security services.
Which of the following documents includes the information the service provider should return
to the client?

A. MOA
B. SOW
C. MOU
D. SLA
 Question: 70
A company is adding a clause to its AUP that states employees are not allowed to modify the
operating system on mobile devices. Which of the following vulnerabilities is the organization
addressing?

A. Cross-site scripting
B. Buffer overflow
C. Jailbreaking
D. Side loading

Question: 71
Which of the following practices would be best to prevent an insider from introducing malicious
code into a company's development process?

A. Code scanning for vulnerabilities

B. Open-source component usage
C. Quality assurance testing
D. Peer review and approval
Question: 72
A systems administrator is creating a script that would save time and prevent human error when
performing account creation for a large number of end users. Which of the following would be a
good use case for this task?

A. Off-the-shelf software
B. Orchestration
C. Baseline
D. Policy enforcement
Question: 73
After an audit, an administrator discovers all users have access to confidential data on a file
server. Which of the following should the administrator use to restrict access to the data
quickly?

A. Group Policy
B. Content filtering
C. Data loss prevention
D. Access control lists
 Question: 74
A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) wants to explicitly raise awareness about the
increase of ransomware-as-a-service in a report to the management team. Which of the
following best describes the threat actor in the CISO's report?

A. Insider threat
B. Hacktivist
C. Nation-state
D. Organized crime
Question: 75
A small business uses kiosks on the sales floor to display product information for customers. A
security team discovers the kiosks use end-of-life operating systems. Which of the following is
the security team most likely to document as a security implication of the current architecture?

A. Patch availability
B. Product software compatibility
C. Ease of recovery
D. Cost of replacement
Question: 76
A company is developing a critical system for the government and storing project information on
a fileshare. Which of the following describes how this data will most likely be classified? (Select
two).
A. Private
B. Confidential
C. Public
D. Operational
E. Urgent
F. Restricted

Question: 77
After reviewing the following vulnerability scanning report:
Server:192.168.14.6
Service: Telnet
Port: 23 Protocol: TCP
Status: Open Severity: High
Vulnerability: Use of an insecure network protocol
A security analyst performs the following test:
nmap -p 23 192.168.14.6 —script telnet-encryption
PORT STATE SERVICE REASON
23/tcp open telnet syn-ack
I telnet encryption:
| _ Telnet server supports encryption
Which of the following would the security analyst conclude for this reported vulnerability?

A. It is a false positive.
B. A rescan is required.
C. It is considered noise.
D. Compensating controls exist.

Question: 78
A security consultant needs secure, remote access to a client environment. Which of the
following should the security consultant most likely use to gain access?
A. EAP
B. DHCP
C. IPSec
D. NAT

Question: 79
Which of the following best practices gives administrators a set period to perform changes to an
operational system to ensure availability and minimize business impacts?

A. Impact analysis
B. Scheduled downtime
C. Backout plan
D. Change management boards
Question: 80
Which of the following actions could a security engineer take to ensure workstations and servers
are properly monitored for unauthorized changes and software?

A. Configure all systems to log scheduled tasks.

B. Collect and monitor all traffic exiting the network.
C. Block traffic based on known malicious signatures.
D. Install endpoint management software on all systems.
 Question: 81
After a security awareness training session, a user called the IT help desk and reported a
suspicious call. The suspicious caller stated that the Chief Financial Officer wanted credit card
information in order to close an invoice. Which of the following topics did the user recognize
from the training?

A. Insider threat
B. Email phishing
C. Social engineering
D. Executive whaling
Question: 82
Which of the following exercises should an organization use to improve its incident response
process?

A. Tabletop
B. Replication
C. Failover
D. Recovery
Question: 83
Which of the following is used to validate a certificate when it is presented to a user?

A. OCSP
B. CSR
C. CA
D. CRC

Question: 84
A newly identified network access vulnerability has been found in the OS of legacy loT devices.
Which of the following would best mitigate this vulnerability quickly?

A. Insurance
B. Patching
C. Segmentation
D. Replacement
 Question: 85
A bank insists all of its vendors must prevent data loss on stolen laptops. Which of the following
strategies is the bank requiring?

A. Encryption at rest
B. Masking
C. Data classification
D. Permission restrictions
Question: 86
Which of the following would be best suited for constantly changing environments?

A. RTOS
B. Containers
C. Embedded systems
D. SCADA

Question: 87
A security analyst scans a company's public network and discovers a host is running a remote
desktop that can be used to access the production network. Which of the following changes
should the security analyst recommend?

A. Changing the remote desktop port to a non-standard number

B. Setting up a VPN and placing the jump server inside the firewall
C. Using a proxy for web connections from the remote desktop server
D. Connecting the remote server to the domain and increasing the password length

Question: 88
Which of the following involves an attempt to take advantage of database misconfigurations?

A. Buffer overflow
B. SQL injection
C. VM escape
D. Memory injection
 Question: 89
An organization would like to store customer data on a separate part of the network that is not
accessible to users on the main corporate network. Which of the following should the
administrator use to accomplish this goal?

A. Segmentation
B. Isolation
C. Patching
D. Encryption
Question: 90
Which of the following is used to quantitatively measure the criticality of a vulnerability?
A. CVE
B. CVSS
C. CIA
D. CERT
Question: 91
A technician is opening ports on a firewall for a new system being deployed and supported by a
SaaS provider. Which of the following is a risk in the new system?
A. Default credentials
B. Non-segmented network
C. Supply chain vendor
D. Vulnerable software

Question: 92
Which of the following security concepts is the best reason for permissions on a human
resources fileshare to follow the principle of least privilege?
A. Integrity
B. Availability
C. Confidentiality
D. Non-repudiation
Question: 93
Security controls in a data center are being reviewed to ensure data is properly protected and
that human life considerations are included. Which of the following best describes how the
controls should be set up?

A. Remote access points should fail closed.

B. Logging controls should fail open.
C. Safety controls should fail open.
D. Logical security controls should fail closed.
 Question: 94
Which of the following is the most common data loss path for an air-gapped network?
A. Bastion host
B. Unsecured Bluetooth
C. Unpatched OS
D. Removable devices

Question: 95
Which of the following can best protect against an employee inadvertently installing malware on
a company system?
A. Host-based firewall
B. System isolation
C. Least privilege
D. Application allow list

Question: 96
An organization is struggling with scaling issues on its VPN concentrator and internet circuit due
to remote work. The organization is looking for a software solution that will allow it to reduce
traffic on the VPN and internet circuit, while still providing encrypted tunnel access to the data
center and monitoring of remote employee internet traffic. Which of the following will help
achieve these objectives?

A. Deploying a SASE solution to remote employees

B. Building a load-balanced VPN solution with redundant internet
C. Purchasing a low-cost SD-WAN solution for VPN traffic
D. Using a cloud provider to create additional VPN concentrators

Question: 97
A company's end users are reporting that they are unable to reach external websites. After
reviewing the performance data for the DNS severs, the analyst discovers that the CPU, disk,
and memory usage are minimal, but the network interface is flooded with inbound traffic.
Network logs show only a small number of DNS queries sent to this server. Which of the
following best describes what the security analyst is seeing?

A. Concurrent session usage

B. Secure DNS cryptographic downgrade
C. On-path resource consumption
D. Reflected denial of service
 Question: 98
A systems administrator wants to prevent users from being able to access data based on their
responsibilities. The administrator also wants to apply the required access structure via a
simplified format. Which of the following should the administrator apply to the site recovery
resource group?

A. RBAC
B. ACL
C. SAML
D. GPO
Question: 99
One of a company's vendors sent an analyst a security bulletin that recommends a BIOS update.
Which of the following vulnerability types is being addressed by the patch?
A. Virtualization
B. Firmware
C. Application
D. Operating system
Question: 100
A security analyst locates a potentially malicious video file on a server and needs to identify both
the creation date and the file's creator. Which of the following actions would most likely give
the security analyst the information required?

A. Obtain the file's SHA-256 hash.

B. Use hexdump on the file's contents.
C. Check endpoint logs.
D. Query the file's metadata.

Question: 101
After a recent vulnerability scan, a security engineer needs to harden the routers within the
corporate network. Which of the following is the most appropriate to disable?

A. Console access
B. Routing protocols
C. VLANs
D. Web-based administration
Question: 102
Which of the following should a systems administrator use to ensure an easy deployment of
resources within the cloud provider?

A. Software as a service
B. Infrastructure as code
C. Internet of Things
D. Software-defined networking
Question: 103
An enterprise has been experiencing attacks focused on exploiting vulnerabilities in older
browser versions with well-known exploits. Which of the following security solutions should be
configured to best provide the ability to monitor and block these known signature-based
attacks?

A. ACL
B. DLP
C. IDS
D. IPS
Question: 104
During the onboarding process, an employee needs to create a password for an intranet
account. The password must include ten characters, numbers, and letters, and two special
characters. Once the password is created, the company will grant the employee access to other
company-owned websites based on the intranet profile. Which of the following access
management concepts is the company most likely using to safeguard intranet accounts and
grant access to multiple sites based on a user's intranet account? (Select two).

A. Federation
B. Identity proofing
C. Password complexity
D. Default password changes
E. Password manager
F. Open authentication
 Question: 105
An administrator is reviewing a single server's security logs and discovers the following;

Which of the following best describes the action captured in this log file?

A. Brute-force attack
B. Privilege escalation
C. Failed password audit
D. Forgotten password by the user
 Question: 106
A security engineer is implementing FDE for all laptops in an organization. Which of the
following are the most important for the engineer to consider as part of the planning process?
(Select two).
A. Key escrow
B. TPM presence
C. Digital signatures
D. Data tokenization
E. Public key management
F. Certificate authority linking
Question: 107
A hacker gained access to a system via a phishing attempt that was a direct result of a user
clicking a suspicious link. The link laterally deployed ransomware, which laid dormant for
multiple weeks, across the network. Which of the following would have mitigated the spread?
A. IPS
B. IDS
C. WAF
D. UAT
Question: 108
A user is attempting to patch a critical system, but the patch fails to transfer. Which of the
following access controls is most likely inhibiting the transfer?
A. Attribute-based
B. Time of day
C. Role-based
D. Least privilege
Question: 109
Which of the following is used to protect a computer from viruses, malware, and Trojans being
installed and moving laterally across the network?
A. IDS
B. ACL
C. EDR
D. NAC
Question: 110
A systems administrator set up a perimeter firewall but continues to notice suspicious
connections between internal endpoints. Which of the following should be set up in order to
mitigate the threat posed by the suspicious activity?

A. Host-based firewall
B. Web application firewall
C. Access control list
D. Application allow list
 Question: 111
A business received a small grant to migrate its infrastructure to an off-premises solution. Which
of the following should be considered first?

A. Security of cloud providers

B. Cost of implementation
C. Ability of engineers
D. Security of architecture
Question: 112
A company is planning a disaster recovery site and needs to ensure that a single natural disaster
would not result in the complete loss of regulated backup data. Which of the following should
the company consider?
A. Geographic dispersion
B. Platform diversity
C. Hot site
D. Load balancing
Question: 113
A security analyst receives alerts about an internal system sending a large amount of unusual
DNS queries to systems on the internet over short periods of time during non-business hours.
Which of the following is most likely occurring?
A. A worm is propagating across the network.
B. Data is being exfiltrated.
C. A logic bomb is deleting data.
D. Ransomware is encrypting files.
Question: 114
An employee receives a text message from an unknown number claiming to be the company's
Chief Executive Officer and asking the employee to purchase several gift cards. Which of the
following types of attacks does this describe?
A. Vishing
B. Smishing
C. Pretexting
D. Phishing

Question: 115
Which of the following would help ensure a security analyst is able to accurately measure the
overall risk to an organization when a new vulnerability is disclosed?
A. A full inventory of all hardware and software
B. Documentation of system classifications
C. A list of system owners and their departments
D. Third-party risk assessment documentation
 Question: 116
A systems administrator is changing the password policy within an enterprise environment and
wants this update implemented on all systems as quickly as possible. Which of the following
operating system security measures will the administrator most likely use?
A. Deploying PowerShell scripts
B. Pushing GPO update
C. Enabling PAP
D. Updating EDR profiles
Question: 117
A company is planning to set up a SIEM system and assign an analyst to review the logs on a
weekly basis Which of the following types of controls is the company setting up?
A. Corrective
B. Preventive
C. Detective
D. Deterrent
Question: 118
Visitors to a secured facility are required to check in with a photo ID and enter the facility
through an access control vestibule Which of the following but describes this form of security
control?
A. Physical
B. Managerial
C. Technical
D. Operational
Question: 119
A company must ensure sensitive data at rest is rendered unreadable. Which of the following
will the company most likely use?
A. Hashing
B. Tokenization
C. Encryption
D. Segmentation

Question: 120
Which of the following describes the maximum allowance of accepted risk?
A. Risk indicator
B. Risk level
C. Risk score
D. Risk threshold
 Question: 121
Which of the following incident response activities ensures evidence is properly handied?
A. E-discovery
B. Chain of custody
C. Legal hold
D. Preservation
Question: 122
Which of the following risk management strategies should an enterprise adopt first if a legacy
application is critical to business operations and there are preventative controls that are not yet
implemented?
A. Mitigate
B. Accept
C. Transfer
D. Avoid
Question: 123
Which of the following teams combines both offensive and defensive testing techniques to
protect an organization's critical systems?
A. Red
B. Blue
C. Purple
D. Yellow
Question: 124
A company is working with a vendor to perform a penetration test Which of the following
includes an estimate about the number of hours required to complete the engagement?
A. SOW
B. BPA
C. SLA
D. NDA

Question: 125
The local administrator account for a company's VPN appliance was unexpectedly used to log in
to the remote management interface. Which of the following would have most likely prevented
this from happening'?
A. Using least privilege
B. Changing the default password
C. Assigning individual user IDs
D. Reviewing logs more frequently
 Question: 126
Which of the following threat actors is the most likely to be hired by a foreign government to
attack critical systems located in other countries?

A. Hacktivist
B. Whistleblower
C. Organized crime
D. Unskilled attacker

Question: 127
Which of the following is used to add extra complexity before using a one-way data
transformation algorithm?

A. Key stretching
B. Data masking
C. Steganography
D. Salting

Question: 128
An employee clicked a link in an email from a payment website that asked the employee to
update contact information. The employee entered the log-in information but received a “page
not found” error message. Which of the following types of social engineering attacks occurred?

A. Brand impersonation
B. Pretexting
C. Typosquatting
D. Phishing
Question: 129
An enterprise is trying to limit outbound DNS traffic originating from its internal network.
Outbound DNS requests will only be allowed from one device with the IP address 10.50.10.25.
Which of the following firewall ACLs will accomplish this goal?

A. Access list outbound permit 0.0.0.0 0 0.0.0.0/0 port 53 Access list outbound deny 10.50.10.25
32 0.0.0.0/0 port 53
B. Access list outbound permit 0.0.0.0/0 10.50.10.25 32 port 53 Access list outbound deny
0.0.0.0 0 0.0.0.0/0 port 53
C. Access list outbound permit 0.0.0.0 0 0.0.0.0/0 port 53 Access list outbound deny 0.0.0.0/0
10.50.10.25 32 port 53
D. Access list outbound permit 10.50.10.25 32 0.0.0.0/0 port 53 Access list outbound deny
0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0/0 port 53
 Question: 130
A data administrator is configuring authentication for a SaaS application and would like to
reduce the number of credentials employees need to maintain. The company prefers to use
domain credentials to access new SaaS applications. Which of the following methods would
allow this functionality?
A. SSO
B. LEAP
C. MFA
D. PEAP
Question: 131
Which of the following scenarios describes a possible business email compromise attack?

A. An employee receives a gift card request in an email that has an executive's name in the
display field of the email.
B. Employees who open an email attachment receive messages demanding payment in
order to access files.
C. A service desk employee receives an email from the HR director asking for log-in
credentials to a cloud administrator account.
D. An employee receives an email with a link to a phishing site that is designed to look like
the company's email portal.
Question: 132
A company prevented direct access from the database administrators’ workstations to the
network segment that contains database servers. Which of the following should a database
administrator use to access the database servers?
A. Jump server
B. RADIUS
C. HSM
D. Load balancer

Question: 133
An organization’s internet-facing website was compromised when an attacker exploited a buffer
overflow. Which of the following should the organization deploy to best protect against similar
attacks in the future?

A. NGFW
B. WAF
C. TLS
D. SD-WAN
 Question: 134
An administrator notices that several users are logging in from suspicious IP addresses. After
speaking with the users, the administrator determines that the employees were not logging in
from those IP addresses and resets the affected users’ passwords. Which of the following should
the administrator implement to prevent this type of attack from succeeding in the future?

A. Multifactor authentication
B. Permissions assignment
C. Access management
D. Password complexity
Question: 135
An employee receives a text message that appears to have been sent by the payroll department
and is asking for credential verification. Which of the following social engineering techniques are
being attempted? (Choose two.)

A. Typosquatting
B. Phishing
C. Impersonation
D. Vishing
E. Smishing
F. Misinformation
Question: 136
Several employees received a fraudulent text message from someone claiming to be the Chief
Executive Officer (CEO). The message stated:
“I’m in an airport right now with no access to email. I need you to buy gift cards for employee
recognition awards. Please send the gift cards to following email address.” Which
of the following are the best responses to this situation? (Choose two).
A. Cancel current employee recognition gift cards.
B. Add a smishing exercise to the annual company training.
C. Issue a general email warning to the company.
D. Have the CEO change phone numbers.
E. Conduct a forensic investigation on the CEO's phone.
F. Implement mobile device management.
Question: 137
A company is required to use certified hardware when building networks. Which of the
following best addresses the risks associated with procuring counterfeit hardware?

A. A thorough analysis of the supply chain

B. A legally enforceable corporate acquisition policy
C. A right to audit clause in vendor contracts and SOWs
D. An in-depth penetration test of all suppliers and vendors
 Question: 138
Which of the following provides the details about the terms of a test with a third-party
penetration tester?

A. Rules of engagement
B. Supply chain analysis
C. Right to audit clause
D. Due diligence
Question: 139
A penetration tester begins an engagement by performing port and service scans against the
client environment according to the rules of engagement. Which of the following
reconnaissance types is the tester performing?

A. Active
B. Passive
C. Defensive
D. Offensive

Question: 140
Which of the following is required for an organization to properly manage its restore process in
the event of system failure?

A. IRP
B. DRP
C. RPO
D. SDLC

Question: 141
Which of the following vulnerabilities is associated with installing software outside of a
manufacturer’s approved software repository?

A. Jailbreaking
B. Memory injection
C. Resource reuse
D. Side loading
 Question: 142
A security analyst is reviewing the following logs:

Which of the following attacks is most likely occurring?

A. Password spraying
B. Account forgery
C. Pass-t he-hash
D. Brute-force

Question: 143
An analyst is evaluating the implementation of Zero Trust principles within the data plane.
Which of the following would be most relevant for the analyst to evaluate?

A. Secured zones
B. Subject role
C. Adaptive identity
D. Threat scope reduction

Question: 144
An engineer needs to find a solution that creates an added layer of security by preventing
unauthorized access to internal company resources. Which of the following would be the best
solution?

A. RDP server
B. Jump server
C. Proxy server
D. Hypervisor
 Question: 145
A company’s web filter is configured to scan the URL for strings and deny access when matches
are found. Which of the following search strings should an analyst employ to prohibit access to
non-encrypted websites?

A. encryption=off\
B. http://
C. www.*.com
D. :443

Question: 146
During a security incident, the security operations team identified sustained network traffic
from a malicious IP address:
10.1.4.9. A security analyst is creating an inbound firewall rule to block the IP address from
accessing the organization’s network. Which of the following fulfills this request?

A. access-list inbound deny ig source 0.0.0.0/0 destination 10.1.4.9/32

B. access-list inbound deny ig source 10.1.4.9/32 destination 0.0.0.0/0
C. access-list inbound permit ig source 10.1.4.9/32 destination 0.0.0.0/0
D. access-list inbound permit ig source 0.0.0.0/0 destination 10.1.4.9/32

Question: 147
A company needs to provide administrative access to internal resources while minimizing the
traffic allowed through the security boundary. Which of the following methods is most secure?

A. Implementing a bastion host

B. Deploying a perimeter network
C. Installing a WAF
D. Utilizing single sign-on

Question: 148
A security analyst is reviewing alerts in the SIEM related to potential malicious network traffic
coming from an employee’s corporate laptop. The security analyst has determined that
additional data about the executable running on the machine is necessary to continue the
investigation. Which of the following logs should the analyst use as a data source?

A. Application
B. IPS/IDS
C. Network
D. Endpoint
 Question: 149
A cyber operations team informs a security analyst about a new tactic malicious actors are using
to compromise networks.
SIEM alerts have not yet been configured. Which of the following best describes what the
security analyst should do to identify this behavior?

A. [Digital forensics
B. E-discovery
C. Incident response
D. Threat hunting
Question: 150
A company purchased cyber insurance to address items listed on the risk register. Which of the
following strategies does this represent?

A. Accept
B. Transfer
C. Mitigate
D. Avoid
Question: 151
A security administrator would like to protect data on employees’ laptops. Which of the
following encryption techniques should the security administrator use?

A. Partition
B. Asymmetric
C. Full disk
D. Database

Question: 152
Which of the following security control types does an acceptable use policy best represent?

A. Detective
B. Compensating
C. Corrective
D. Preventive
 Question: 153
An IT manager informs the entire help desk staff that only the IT manager and the help desk lead
will have access to the administrator console of the help desk software. Which of the following
security techniques is the IT manager setting up?

A. Hardening
B. Employee monitoring
C. Configuration enforcement
D. Least privilege

Question: 154
Which of the following is the most likely to be used to document risks, responsible parties, and
thresholds?

A. Risk tolerance
B. Risk transfer
C. Risk register
D. Risk analysis
Question: 155
Which of the following should a security administrator adhere to when setting up a new set of
firewall rules?

A. Disaster recovery plan

B. Incident response procedure
C. Business continuity plan
D. Change management procedure

Question: 156
A company is expanding its threat surface program and allowing individuals to security test the
company’s internet-facing application. The company will compensate researchers based on the
vulnerabilities discovered. Which of the following best describes the program the company is
setting up?

A. Open-source intelligence
B. Bug bounty
C. Red team
D. Penetration testing
 Question: 157
Which of the following threat actors is the most likely to use large financial resources to attack
critical systems located in other countries?

A. Insider
B. Unskilled attacker
C. Nation-state
D. Hacktivist

Question: 158
Which of the following enables the use of an input field to run commands that can view or
manipulate data?

A. Cross-site scripting
B. Side loading
C. Buffer overflow
D. SQL injection
Question: 159
Employees in the research and development business unit receive extensive training to ensure
they understand how to best protect company
dat
a. Which of the following is the type of data these employees are most likely to use in day-today
work activities?
A. Encrypted
B. Intellectual property
C. Critical
D. Data in transit
Question: 160
A company has begun labeling all laptops with asset inventory stickers and associating them
with employee IDs. Which of the following security benefits do these actions provide? (Choose
two.)

A. If a security incident occurs on the device, the correct employee can be notified.
B. The security team will be able to send user awareness training to the appropriate device.
C. Users can be mapped to their devices when configuring software MFA tokens.
D. User-based firewall policies can be correctly targeted to the appropriate laptops.
E. When conducting penetration testing, the security team will be able to target the desired
laptops.
F. Company data can be accounted for when the employee leaves the organization.
 Question: 161
A technician wants to improve the situational and environmental awareness of existing users as
they transition from remote to in-office work. Which of the following is the best option?

A. Send out periodic security reminders.

B. Update the content of new hire documentation.
C. Modify the content of recurring training.

Question: 162
A newly appointed board member with cybersecurity knowledge wants the board of directors to
receive a quarterly report detailing the number of incidents that impacted the organization. The
systems administrator is creating a way to present the data to the board of directors. Which of
the following should the systems administrator use?

A. Packet captures
B. Vulnerability scans
C. Metadata
D. Dashboard
Question: 163
A systems administrator receives the following alert from a file integrity monitoring tool:
The hash of the cmd.exe file has changed.
The systems administrator checks the OS logs and notices that no patches were applied in the
last two months. Which of the following most likely occurred?

A. The end user changed the file permissions.

B. A cryptographic collision was detected.
C. A snapshot of the file system was taken.
D. A rootkit was deployed.

Question: 164
Which of the following roles, according to the shared responsibility model, is responsible for
securing the company’s database in an IaaS model for a cloud environment?

A. Client
B. Third-party vendor
C. Cloud provider
D. DBA
 Question: 165
A client asked a security company to provide a document outlining the project, the cost, and the
completion time frame. Which of the following documents should the company provide to the
client?

A. MSA
B. SLA
C. BPA
D. SOW

Question: 166
A security team is reviewing the findings in a report that was delivered after a third party
performed a penetration test. One of the findings indicated that a web application form field is
vulnerable to cross-site scripting. Which of the following application security techniques should
the security analyst recommend the developer implement to prevent this vulnerability?

A. Secure cookies
B. Version control
C. Input validation
D. Code signing

Question: 167
Which of the following must be considered when designing a high-availability network? (Choose
two).
A. Ease of recovery
B. Ability to patch
C. Physical isolation
D. Responsiveness
E. Attack surface
F. Extensible authentication
Question: 168
A technician needs to apply a high-priority patch to a production system. Which of the following
steps should be taken first?

A. Air gap the system.

B. Move the system to a different network segment.
C. Create a change control request.
D. Apply the patch to the system.
 Question: 169
Which of the following describes the reason root cause analysis should be conducted as part of
incident response?

A. To gather loCs for the investigation

B. To discover which systems have been affected
C. To eradicate any trace of malware on the network
D. To prevent future incidents of the same nature

Question: 170
Which of the following is the most likely outcome if a large bank fails an internal PCI DSS
compliance assessment?

A. Fines
B. Audit findings
C. Sanctions
D. Reputation damage
Question: 171
A company is developing a business continuity strategy and needs to determine how many staff
members would be required to sustain the business in the case of a disruption. Which of the
following best describes this step?

A. Capacity planning
B. Redundancy
C. Geographic dispersion
D. Tablet exercise